2014 in spaceflight
Orion EFT-1, the first test flight of the Orion spacecraft, occurred on 5 December 2014. | |
| Orbital launches | |
|---|---|
| First | 5 January |
| Last | 31 December |
| Total | 92 |
| Successes | 88 |
| Failures | 2 |
| Partial failures | 2 |
| Catalogued | 90 |
| National firsts | |
| Satellite | Lithuania Bermuda Belgium Iraq Uruguay |
| Rockets | |
| Maiden flights | |
| Retirements | Antares 120 Antares 130 |
| Crewed flights | |
| Orbital | 4 |
| Total travellers | 12 |
| EVAs | 7 |
In 2014, the maiden flight of the Angara A5, Antares 120 and Antares 130 took place.
A total of 92 orbital launches were attempted in 2014, of which 88 were successful, two were partially successful and two were failures. The year also saw seven EVAs by ISS astronauts. The majority of the year's orbital launches were conducted by Russia, the United States and China, with 34, 23 and 16 launches respectively.
Overview
An Ariane 5 ES launched the Georges Lemaître Automated Transfer Vehicle, the last one of the series, which also marked 60 successfully completed Ariane 5 launches in a row.
On 22 August 2014, Arianespace launched the first two Full Operational Capability Galileo satellites for the European satellite navigation system.
A number of significant events in planetary exploration occurred in 2014, including the entry of the Rosetta spacecraft into orbit around the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko in August 2014 and the deployment of the Philae lander to its surface in November, which marked the first orbit of and landing on a comet, respectively, and featured prominently in social media. Another notable occurrence was the entry of India's Mars Orbiter Mission into Martian orbit in September, making India the first Asian nation to reach Mars.
On 5 December 2014, a United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy launched the first Orion spacecraft test mission for NASA, Exploration Flight Test 1.
Orbital launches
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | |||
| Remarks | ||||||||
January | ||||||||
| 5 January 10:48:00 |
GSLV Mk II | Satish Dhawan SLP | ISRO | |||||
| GSAT-14 | ISRO | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 6 January 22:06:00 |
Falcon 9 v1.1 | Cape Canaveral SLC-40 | SpaceX | |||||
| Thaicom 6 | Thaicom (Shin Corporation) | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 9 January 18:07:05 |
Antares 120 | MARS LP-0A | Orbital Sciences | |||||
| Cygnus CRS Orb-1 S.S. C. Gordon Fullerton |
NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 19 February 2014 18:20 |
Successful | |||
| ⚀ ArduSat-2 | NanoSatisfi | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 1 July 2014 | ||||
| ⚀ Lituanica SAT-1 | VU | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 28 July 2014 | ||||
| ⚀ LitSat-1 | LSA, KTU, VGTU | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 22 May 2014 | ||||
| ⚀ SkyCube | SkyCube | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 8 November 2014 | ||||
| ⚀ UAPSat-1 | UAP | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 22 May 2014 | ||||
| ⚀ Flock-1 × 28 | Planet Labs | Low Earth | Earth observation | First: 3 May 2014 Last: 29 October 2014 |
||||
| First Orbital Sciences CRS operational flight, maiden flight of Antares 120. All payloads other than Cygnus are CubeSats carried aboard the Cygnus for deployment from the ISS. CubeSats include first Lithuanian satellites. Largest number of satellites launched on a single rocket (33). | ||||||||
| 24 January 02:33:00 |
Atlas V 401 | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| TDRS-L (TDRS-12) | NASA | Geosynchronous | Communications / Data Relay | In orbit | Operational | |||
February | ||||||||
| 5 February 16:23:32 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Progress M-22M / 54P | Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 18 April 2014 15:46 |
Successful | |||
| ⚀ Chasqui-1[1] | Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería del Perú | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 15 January 2015[2] | Spacecraft failure | |||
| Chasqui-1 released from the ISS by cosmonauts during EVA on 18 August. | ||||||||
| 6 February 21:30:07 |
Ariane 5 ECA | Kourou ELA-3 | Arianespace | |||||
| ABS-2 | ABS | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Athena-Fidus | CNES / ASI | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 14 February 21:09:03 |
Proton-M / Briz-M | Baikonur Site 81/24 | International Launch Services | |||||
| Türksat 4A | Türksat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 21 February 01:59:00 |
Delta IV M+(4,2) | Cape Canaveral SLC-37B | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-248 (GPS IIF-5) | US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Named after Star Canopus. | ||||||||
| 27 February 18:37:00 |
H-IIA 202 | Tanegashima Y1 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries | |||||
| GPM-Core | JAXA / NASA | Low Earth | Environmental | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Ginrei (ShindaiSat) | Shinshu University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 24 November 2014 | Successful | |||
| STARS-II | Kagawa University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 26 April 2014 | ||||
| TeikyoSat-3 | Teikyo University | Technology demonstration / Microbiology | 25 October 2014 | Successful | ||||
| ⚀ KSAT-2 | Kagoshima University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 18 May 2014 | Successful | |||
| ⚀ OPUSAT | OPU | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 24 July 2014 | ||||
| ⚀ INVADER | Tamabi | Low Earth | Amateur radio | 2 September 2014 | Successful | |||
| ⚀ ITF-1 | Tsukuba University | Low Earth | Amateur radio | 29 June 2014 | Spacecraft failure | |||
| ITF-1 failed to communicate. | ||||||||
March | ||||||||
| 15 March 23:08:00 |
Proton-M / Briz-M | Baikonur Site 81/24 | Khrunichev | |||||
| Ekspress-AT1 | RSCC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Ekspress-AT2 | RSCC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 22 March 22:04:07 |
Ariane 5 ECA | Kourou ELA-3 | Arianespace | |||||
| Astra 5B | SES S.A. | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Amazonas 4A | Hispasat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 23 March 22:54:03 |
Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN RF | |||||
| Kosmos 2494 (GLONASS-M 754) | VKO | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 25 March 21:17:23 |
Soyuz-FG | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Soyuz TMA-12M | Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Expedition 39 / 40 | 11 September 2014 02:23 |
Successful | |||
| Crewed flight with three cosmonauts | ||||||||
| 31 March 02:46:03 |
Long March 2C | Jiuquan SLS-2 | CALT | |||||
| Shiajian 11-06 | CASC | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
April | ||||||||
| 3 April 14:46:30 |
Atlas V 401 | Vandenberg SLC-3E | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-249 (DMSP-5D3 F19) | US Air Force / NOAA | Low Earth (SSO) | Meteorology | In orbit | Spacecraft failure[3] | |||
| The spacecraft stopped responding to commands on 11 February 2016 due to a power failure affecting an encrypted command-and-control system. | ||||||||
| 3 April 21:02:26 |
Soyuz-STA / Fregat | Kourou ELS | Arianespace | |||||
| Sentinel-1A | ESA | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 4 April 11:44:00 |
PSLV-XL | Satish Dhawan FLP | ISRO | |||||
| IRNSS-1B | ISRO | Geosynchronous | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 9 April 15:26:27 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Progress M-23M / 55P | Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 31 July 2014 | Successful | |||
| 9 April 19:06:02[4] |
Shavit | Palmachim Airbase | Israel Aerospace Industries | |||||
| Ofeq 10 | Israel Defense Forces | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 10 April 17:45:00 |
Atlas V 541 | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-250 (NRO L-67) | NRO | Geosynchronous | ELINT (?) | In orbit | Operational | |||
| NROL-67 mission. | ||||||||
| 16 April 16:20:00 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 31/6 | Roskosmos | |||||
| EgyptSat 2 | NARSSS | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 14 April 2015 | Spacecraft failure | |||
| 18 April 19:25:22 |
Falcon 9 v1.1 | Cape Canaveral SLC-40 | SpaceX | |||||
| SpaceX CRS-3 | NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 18 May 2014 19:05 |
Successful | |||
| ⚀ ALL-STAR/THEIA | Colorado / ALL-STAR | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 26 May 2014 | Spacecraft failure | |||
| ⚀ KickSat | KickSat / Cornell | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 14 May 2014 01:30 |
Spacecraft failure | |||
| ⚀ PhoneSat 2.5 | NASA Ames | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 15 May 2014 | ||||
| ⚀ SporeSat 1 | NASA Ames / Purdue | Low Earth | Life sciences | 4 June 2014 | ||||
| ⚀ TestSat-Lite | Taylor University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 28 May 2014 | ||||
| The ELaNa 5 mission, consisting of 5 cubesats, was launched on this flight. KickSat carried and failed to deploy 104 femtosatellites in low Earth orbit.[5][6] | ||||||||
| 28 April 04:25:00 |
Proton-M / Briz-M | Baikonur Site 81/24 | Roscosmos | |||||
| Luch 5V | Gonets Satellite System | Geosynchronous | Communications / Data Relay | In orbit | Operational | |||
| KazSat-3 | JSC KazSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft failure[7] | |||
| 30 April 01:35:15 |
Vega | Kourou ELV | Arianespace | |||||
| KazEOSat 1 | KGS | Low Earth (SSO) | Optical imaging | In orbit | Operational | |||
May | ||||||||
| 6 May 13:49:35 |
Soyuz-2.1a | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN RF | |||||
| Kosmos 2495 (Kobalt-M) | VKO | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 3 September 2014 | Successful | |||
| 15 May 21:42:00 |
Proton-M / Briz-M | Baikonur Site 200/39 | Khrunichev | |||||
| Ekspress-AM4R | RSCC | Intended: Geosynchronous | Communications | 15 May 2014 | Launch failure | |||
| A third stage vernier thruster failed at T+542 seconds after the failure of the turbopump structural support caused damage to the oxidiser inlet line.[8] | ||||||||
| 17 May 00:03:00 |
Delta IV M+(4,2) | Cape Canaveral SLC-37B | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-251 (GPS IIF-6) | U.S. Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Named after Star Rigel. | ||||||||
| 22 May 13:09:00 |
Atlas V 401 | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-252 (Quasar) | NRO | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| NRO Launch 33 | ||||||||
| 23 May 05:27:54 |
Rokot / Briz-KM | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | VKO | |||||
| Kosmos 2496 (Strela-3M) | VKO | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Kosmos 2497 (Strela-3M) | VKO | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Kosmos 2498 (Strela-3M) | VKO | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Kosmos 2499 | VKO | Low Earth | Technology demonstration / Satellite inspection (?) | In orbit | Destroyed | |||
| Kosmos 2499 broke up in orbit on 4 January 2023.[9] | ||||||||
| 24 May 03:05:14 |
H-IIA 202 | Tanegashima Y1 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries | |||||
| ALOS-2 | JAXA | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| RISING-2 | Tohoku | Low Earth (SSO) | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational | |||
| UNIFORM-1 | Wakayama University | Low Earth (SSO) | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational | |||
| SOCRATES | AES | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Successful | |||
| SPROUT | Nihon | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration / Amateur radio | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 26 May 21:09:59 |
Zenit-3SL | Odyssey | Sea Launch | |||||
| Eutelsat 3B | Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 28 May 19:57:41 |
Soyuz-FG | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Soyuz TMA-13M | Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Expedition 40 / 41 | 10 November 2014 03:58 |
Successful | |||
| Crewed flight with three cosmonauts | ||||||||
June | ||||||||
| 14 June 17:16:48 |
Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN RF | |||||
| Kosmos 2500 (GLONASS-M 755) | VKO | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 19 June 19:11:17 |
Dnepr | Dombarovsky Site 13 | ISC Kosmotras | |||||
| AprizeSat 9 | SpaceQuest, Ltd. | Low Earth (SSO) | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| AprizeSat 10 | SpaceQuest, Ltd. | Low Earth (SSO) | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| BRITE-CA 1 | UTIAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Photometry / Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| BRITE-CA 2 | UTIAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Photometry / Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| BugSat 1 | Satellogic S.A. | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration / Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Deimos-2 | Deimos Space | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Hodoyoshi 3 | University of Tokyo | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Hodoyoshi 4 | University of Tokyo | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| KazEOSat 2 | KGS | Low Earth (SSO) | Optical imaging | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ Perseus-M 1 | Canopus Systems US / Dauria Aerospace | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ Perseus-M 2 | Canopus Systems US / Dauria Aerospace | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ QB50P1 | Von Karman Institute | Low Earth (SSO) | Thermosphere research | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ QB50P2 | Von Karman Institute | Low Earth (SSO) | Thermosphere research | In orbit | Operational | |||
| SaudiSat-4 | KACST | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| TabletSat-Aurora | SPUTNIX | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration / Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| UniSat 6 | La Sapienza | Low Earth (SSO) | Optical imaging, cubesat deployment | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ AeroCube 6 | The Aerospace Corporation | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ ANTELSAT | UdelaR | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ DTUSat 2 | DTU | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ Duchifat-1 | HSC | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ Flock-1c × 11 | Planet Labs | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ Lemur-1 | NanoSatisfi | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ NanoSatC-Br 1 | INPE | Low Earth (SSO) | Magnetosphere research | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ PACE | NCKU | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ PolyITAN 1 | KPI | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ POPSAT-HIP 1 | Microspace Rapid, Singapore | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ Tigrisat | MOST / La Sapienza | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Largest number of satellites launched on a single rocket (37). Include first Belgian (pair), Uruguay's and Iraqi satellites. | ||||||||
| 30 June 04:22:00 |
PSLV-CA | Satish Dhawan FLP | ISRO | |||||
| SPOT 7 | Spot Image | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| CanX-4 | UTIAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| CanX-5 | UTIAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| AISat | DLR | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ VELOX-I | NTU | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
July | ||||||||
| 2 July 09:56:23 |
Delta II 7320-10C | Vandenberg SLC-2W | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| OCO-2 | NASA | Low Earth (SSO) | Climatology | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 3 July 12:43:52 |
Rokot / Briz-KM | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | VKO | |||||
| Gonets-M 8 | Gonets Satellite System | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Gonets-M 9 | Gonets Satellite System | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Gonets-M 10 | Gonets Satellite System | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 8 July 15:58:28 |
Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat | Baikonur Site 31/6 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Meteor-M No.2 | Roskosmos | Low Earth (SSO) | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational | |||
| AISSat-2 | NDRE | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| DX-1 | Dauria Aerospace | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| MKA-PN2 (Relek) | Roskosmos | Low Earth (SSO) | Magnetosphere research | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | |||
| SkySat-2 | Skybox Imaging | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| TechDemoSat-1 | UKSA | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ⚀ UKube-1 | UKSA | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 10 July 18:55:56 |
Soyuz-STB / Fregat | Kourou ELS | Arianespace | |||||
| O3b FM3 | O3b Networks | Medium Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| O3b FM6 | O3b Networks | Medium Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| O3b FM7 | O3b Networks | Medium Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| O3b FM8 | O3b Networks | Medium Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 13 July 16:52:14 |
Antares 120 | MARS LP-0A | Orbital Sciences | |||||
| Cygnus CRS Orb-2 S.S. Janice Voss |
NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 17 August 2014 | Successful | |||
| ⚀ Flock-1b × 28 | Planet Labs | Low Earth | Optical imaging | First: 13 December 2014 Last: 16 October 2015 |
Successful | |||
| ⚀ GEARRS | Taylor University / USAF | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 8 November 2015 | Successful | |||
| ⚀ Lambdasat | Lambda Team | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 16 May 2015 | Successful | |||
| ⚀ MicroMAS | MIT | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 1 August 2015 | Successful | |||
| ⚀ TechEdSat-4 | NASA Ames | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 3 April 2015 | Successful | |||
| All payloads other than Cygnus are CubeSats carried aboard the Cygnus for deployment from the ISS. Flock-1b 3/4/13/14/19/20 were not deployed. | ||||||||
| 14 July 15:15:00 |
Falcon 9 v1.1 | Cape Canaveral SLC-40 | SpaceX | |||||
| Orbcomm-2 F3 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Orbcomm-2 F4 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Orbcomm-2 F6 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Orbcomm-2 F7 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Orbcomm-2 F9 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Orbcomm-2 F11 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 18 July 20:50:00 |
Soyuz-2.1a | Baikonur Site 31/6 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Foton-M No.4 | Roscosmos | Low Earth | Microgravity science | 1 September 2014 09:18 |
Successful | |||
| 23 July 21:44:44 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Progress M-24M / 56P | Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 20 November 2014 | Successful | |||
| 28 July 23:28:00 |
Delta IV M+(4,2) | Cape Canaveral SLC-37B | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-253 (GSSAP #1 ) | U.S. Air Force | Geosynchronous | Space surveillance | In orbit | Operational | |||
| USA-254 (GSSAP #2 ) | U.S. Air Force | Geosynchronous | Space surveillance | In orbit | Successful | |||
| ANGELS (USA-255) | AFRL | Geosynchronous | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Air Force Space Command Launch 4. First launch for the USAF Geosynchronous Space Situational Awareness Program. | ||||||||
| 29 July 23:47:38 |
Ariane 5 ES | Kourou ELA-3 | Arianespace | |||||
| Georges Lemaître ATV | ESA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 15 February 2015 | Successful | |||
August | ||||||||
| 2 August 03:23:00 |
Atlas V 401 | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-256 (GPS IIF-7) | U.S. Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Named after Star Capella. | ||||||||
| 5 August 08:00:00 |
Falcon 9 v1.1 | Cape Canaveral SLC-40 | SpaceX | |||||
| AsiaSat 8 | AsiaSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 9 August 05:45:03 |
Long March 4C | Jiuquan SLS-2 | SAST | |||||
| Yaogan 20A | CAST | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Yaogan 20B | CAST | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Yaogan 20C | CAST | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 13 August 18:30:30 |
Atlas V 401 | Vandenberg SLC-3E | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| WorldView-3 | DigitalGlobe | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 19 August 03:15:05 |
Long March 4B | Taiyuan LC-9 | SAST | |||||
| Gaofen 2 | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Heweliusz (BRITE-PL2) | PAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Photometry | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 22 August 12:27:11 |
Soyuz-STB / Fregat | Kourou ELS | Arianespace | |||||
| Galileo FOC 1 | ESA | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Partial launch failure Operational | |||
| Galileo FOC 2 | ESA | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Partial launch failure Operational | |||
| Spacecraft in incorrect orbit due to an interruption of the Fregat's upper stage attitude control thrusters when its hydrazine propellant supply became frozen by a cold helium feed line incorrectly routed close to it.[10] Both satellites were later moved to a usable orbit on their own power.[11] | ||||||||
September | ||||||||
| 4 September 00:15:04 |
Long March 2D | Jiuquan SLS-2 | SAST | |||||
| Chuangxin 1-04 | CAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Lingqiao | Tsinghua | Low Earth (SSO) | Communications / Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 7 September 05:00:00 |
Falcon 9 v1.1 | Cape Canaveral SLC-40 | SpaceX | |||||
| AsiaSat 6 | AsiaSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 8 September 03:22:05 |
Long March 4B | Taiyuan LC-9 | SAST | |||||
| Yaogan 21 | CAST | Low Earth (SSO) | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Tiantuo 2 | NUDT | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 11 September 22:05:07 |
Ariane 5 ECA | Kourou ELA-3 | Arianespace | |||||
| MEASAT 3b | MEASAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Optus 10 | Optus | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 17 September 00:10:00 |
Atlas V 401 | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-257 (CLIO / Nemesis 2) | NRO[12][13] | Geosynchronous | COMINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 21 September 05:52:03 |
Falcon 9 v1.1 | Cape Canaveral SLC-40 | SpaceX | |||||
| SpaceX CRS-4 | NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 25 October 2014 | Successful | |||
| SpinSat | NRL | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| SpinSat was deployed from the ISS on 28 November. | ||||||||
| 25 September 20:25:00 |
Soyuz-FG | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Soyuz TMA-14M | Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Expedition 41 / 42 | 12 March 2015 02:07 |
Successful | |||
| Crewed flight with three cosmonauts. | ||||||||
| 27 September 20:23:00 |
Proton-M / Briz-M | Baikonur Site 81/24 | Khrunichev | |||||
| Olymp-K (Luch) | VKO | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 28 September 05:13:03 |
Long March 2C | Jiuquan SLS-2 | CALT | |||||
| Shijian 11-07 | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
October | ||||||||
| 7 October 05:16:00 |
H-IIA 202 | Tanegashima Y1 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries | |||||
| Himawari 8 | JMA | Geosynchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 15 October 20:02:00 |
PSLV-XL | Satish Dhawan FLP | ISRO | |||||
| IRNSS-1C | ISRO | Geosynchronous | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 16 October 21:43:52 |
Ariane 5 ECA | Kourou ELA-3 | Arianespace | |||||
| Intelsat 30 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ARSAT-1 | AR-SAT SA | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 20 October 06:31:04 |
Long March 4C | Taiyuan LC-9 | SAST | |||||
| Yaogan 22 | CAST | Low Earth (SSO) | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 21 October 15:09:32 |
Proton-M / Briz-M | Baikonur Site 81/24 | Khrunichev | |||||
| Ekspress AM6 | RSCC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Partial launch failure Operational | |||
| Upper stage underperformance resulted in lower than planned deployment orbit.[14] | ||||||||
| 23 October 18:00:04 |
Long March 3C/E | Xichang LC-2 | CALT | |||||
| Chang'e 5-T1 | CNSA | Lunar free-return trajectory | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Chang'e 5-T1 return capsule | CNSA | Lunar free-return trajectory | Technology demonstration | 31 October 22:42 |
Successful | |||
| Testing of Chang'e 5 lunar sample return module in lunar free-return trajectory; main spacecraft later flew to Earth-Moon L2 Lagrange point. | ||||||||
| 27 October 06:59:03 |
Long March 2C | Jiuquan SLS-2 | CALT | |||||
| Shijian 11-08 | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 28 October 22:22:38 |
Antares 130 | MARS LP-0A | Orbital Sciences | |||||
| Cygnus CRS Orb-3 S.S. Deke Slayton |
NASA | Intended: Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | T+15 seconds | Launch failure | |||
| First stage failure; rocket crashed near launch pad; estimated US$20 million in repairs to rebuild Pad 0A.[15] Only flight of Antares 130. | ||||||||
| 29 October 07:09:43 |
Soyuz-2.1a | Baikonur Site 31/6 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Progress M-25M / 57P | Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 26 April 2015 | Successful | |||
| 29 October 17:21:00 |
Atlas V 401 | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-258 (GPS IIF-8) | U.S. Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Named after Star Spica. | ||||||||
| 30 October 01:42:52 |
Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN RF | |||||
| Meridian 7 | VKO | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
November | ||||||||
| 6 November 07:35:49 |
Dnepr | Dombarovsky Site 13 | ISC Kosmotras | |||||
| Asnaro-1 (Sasuke) | USEF | Low Earth (SSO) | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational | |||
| ChubuSat 1 (Kinshachi 1) | Nagoya University | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Hodoyoshi 1 | University of Tokyo | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
| QSAT-EOS (Tsukushi) | Kyushu University | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | 3 December 2023 | Successful | |||
| TSUBAME | TIT / JAXA | Low Earth (SSO) | Gamma-ray astronomy | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 14 November 18:53:05 |
Long March 2C | Taiyuan LC-9 | CALT | |||||
| Yaogan 23 | CAST | Low Earth (SSO) | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 20 November 07:12:03 |
Long March 2D | Jiuquan SLS-2 | SAST | |||||
| Yaogan 24 | CAST | Low Earth (SSO) | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 21 November 06:37:08 |
Kuaizhou-1 | Jiuquan LS-95B | CASIC | |||||
| Kuaizhou-2 | CAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Optical imaging | 9 October 2016 | Successful | |||
| 23 November 21:01:14 |
Soyuz-FG | Baikonur Site 31/6 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Soyuz TMA-15M | Roskosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Expedition 42 / 43 | 11 June 2015 13:44 |
Successful | |||
| Crewed flight with three cosmonauts. | ||||||||
| 30 November 21:52:26 |
Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN RF | |||||
| Kosmos 2501 (GLONASS-K 702) | VKO | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
December | ||||||||
| 3 December 04:22:04 |
H-IIA 202 | Tanegashima Y1 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries | |||||
| Hayabusa2 | JAXA | Heliocentric | Asteroid sample return | In orbit | Operational | |||
| DCAM3 | JAXA | Heliocentric | Asteroid probe | In orbit | Successful | |||
| MINERVA-II-1 Rover 1A | JAXA | Heliocentric (162173 Ryugu) | Asteroid lander | In orbit | Successful | |||
| MINERVA-II-1 Rover 1B | JAXA | Heliocentric (162173 Ryugu) | Asteroid lander | In orbit | Successful | |||
| MINERVA-II Rover 2 | JAXA | Heliocentric (162173 Ryugu) | Asteroid lander | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | |||
| MASCOT | DLR / CNES | Heliocentric (162173 Ryugu) | Asteroid lander | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Shin'en 2 | Kyutech | Heliocentric | Technology demonstration | |||||
| Despatch (Artsat 2) | Tamabi / UT | Heliocentric | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Successful | |||
| PROCYON | UT | Heliocentric | Technology demonstration / Asteroid flyby | In orbit | Partial spacecraft failure | |||
| DCAM3, MINERVA-II (Rover 1A, 1B, 2), and MASCOT are carried aboard Hayabusa2 to be deployed in proximity or onto the surface of asteroid 162173 Ryugu. MINERVA-II Rover 1A and 1B were deployed on 21 September 2018. MASCOT was deployed on 3 October 2018. | ||||||||
| 5 December 12:05:00 |
Delta IV Heavy | Cape Canaveral SLC-37B | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| EFT-1 | NASA | HEO | Technology demonstration | 5 December 2014 16:29 |
Successful | |||
| First test flight of Orion spacecraft | ||||||||
| 6 December 20:40:07 |
Ariane 5 ECA | Kourou ELA-3 | Arianespace | |||||
| DirecTV-14 | DirecTV | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| GSAT-16 | ISRO | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 7 December 03:26:04 |
Long March 4B | Taiyuan LC-9 | SAST | |||||
| CBERS-4 | CASC / INPE | Low Earth (SSO) | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 10 December 19:33:03 |
Long March 4C | Jiuquan SLS-2 | SAST | |||||
| Yaogan 25A | CAST | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Yaogan 25B | CAST | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
| Yaogan 25C | CAST | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 13 December 03:19:00 |
Atlas V 541 | Vandenberg SLC-3E | United Launch Alliance | |||||
| USA-259 (NRO L-35) | NRO | Molniya | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
| NRO Launch 35 | ||||||||
| 15 December 00:16:00 |
Proton-M / Briz-M | Baikonur Site 81/24 | Khrunichev | |||||
| Yamal-401 | Gazprom Space Systems | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 18 December 18:37:00 |
Soyuz-STB / Fregat | Kourou ELS | Arianespace | |||||
| O3b FM9 | O3b Networks | Medium Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| O3b FM10 | O3b Networks | Medium Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| O3b FM11 | O3b Networks | Medium Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| O3b FM12 | O3b Networks | Medium Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 19 December 04:43:33 |
Strela | Baikonur Site 175/59 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Kondor-E | Roskosmos / DoD | Low Earth | Synthetic-aperture radar imaging | 22 October 2022[16] | Successful | |||
| 23 December 05:57:00 |
Angara A5 / Briz-M | Plesetsk Site 35/1 | Khrunichev | |||||
| IPM №1 (MGM №1) | Khrunichev | Geosynchronous[17] | Test flight | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Angara A5 | ||||||||
| 25 December 03:01:13 |
Soyuz-2.1b | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN RF | |||||
| Kosmos 2502 (Lotos-S) | VKO | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 26 December 18:55:50 |
Soyuz-2.1b | Baikonur Site 31/6 | Roskosmos | |||||
| Resurs-P No.2 | Roskosmos | Low Earth (SSO) | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 27 December 03:22:04 |
Long March 4B | Taiyuan LC-9 | SAST | |||||
| Yaogan 26 | CAST | Low Earth (SSO) | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 27 December 21:37:49 |
Proton-M / Briz-M | Baikonur Site 200/39 | International Launch Services | |||||
| Astra 2G | SES S.A. | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
| 31 December 01:02:04 |
Long March 3A | Xichang LC-2 | CALT | |||||
| Fengyun 2G | CMA | Geosynchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational | |||
Suborbital flights
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
| Remarks | |||||||
| 3 January | Arrow III | Negev | IAI | ||||
| IAI / IDF | Suborbital | ABM Test | 3 January | Successful | |||
| Second flight test of the Arrow-III | |||||||
| 7 January | Prithvi II | Integrated Test Range Launch Complex 3 | DRDO | ||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| 15 January 09:09 |
Terrier-Orion | Wallops Island | TBD | ||||
| DOD | Suborbital | Classified | 15 January | Successful | |||
| FTX-18 target, apogee: ~130 kilometres (81 mi)? | |||||||
| 15 January 09:09 |
Terrier-Orion | Wallops Island | TBD | ||||
| DOD | Suborbital | Classified | 15 January | Successful | |||
| FTX-18 target, apogee: ~130 kilometres (81 mi)? | |||||||
| 15 January 09:09 |
Terrier-Orion | Wallops Island | TBD | ||||
| DOD | Suborbital | Classified | 15 January | Successful | |||
| FTX-18 target, apogee: ~130 kilometres (81 mi)? | |||||||
| 20 January 05:22 |
Agni-IV | Integrated Test Range | DRDO | ||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Missile Test | 20 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~850 kilometres (530 mi) | |||||||
| 3 March 11:09 |
Black Brant IX | Poker Flat | NASA | ||||
| GREECE | SwRI | Suborbital | Auroral research | 3 March | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 335 kilometres (208 mi) | |||||||
| 3 March[18] | Hwasong-6 | Kalma Airport | Korean People's Army Strategic Force | ||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi). | |||||||
| 4 March 18:10 |
RS-12M Topol | Kapustin Yar | RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 4 March | Successful | |||
| 24 March | K-4 | Visakhapatnam | Indian Navy | ||||
| Indian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 24 March | Successful | |||
| First launch of the new Indian K-4 SLBM[19] | |||||||
| 26 March 13:34 |
Taiwan Sounding Rocket | Sounding Rocket IX | Jiu Peng Air Base | NSPO | |||
| NSPO/NCU | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 26 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 286 km (178 mi) | |||||||
| 26 March 22:25 |
MN-300 | Kapustin Yar | Roshydromet | ||||
| MR-30 | Roshydromet | Suborbital | Meteorology Test flight |
26 March | Launch failure | ||
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi), rocket failed and landed near a village in an unplanned area of western Kazakhstan. | |||||||
| 26 March[18] | Hwasong-7 | Sunchon Airport | Korean People's Army Strategic Force | ||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi). 1 of 2. | |||||||
| 26 March[18] | Hwasong-7 | Sunchon Airport | Korean People's Army Strategic Force | ||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi). 2 of 2. | |||||||
| 11 April 23:10 |
Agni-I | Integrated Test Range | IDRDL | ||||
| IDRDL | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 April | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~500 kilometres (310 mi)? | |||||||
| 14 April 06:40 |
RS-24 Yars | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 April | Successful | |||
| 22 April | Ghaznavi | Sonmiani | ASFC | ||||
| ASFC | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 April | Successful | |||
| 27 April 03:37 |
Prithvi-3? | INS, Bay of Bengal | DRDO | ||||
| SLTGT-02 | DRDO | Suborbital | Target | 27 April | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi)Target for ABM test, successfully intercepted | |||||||
| 27 April 03:40 |
Prithvi-2? | ITR IC-4 | DRDO | ||||
| PDV | DRDO | Suborbital | Interceptor | 27 April | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi), successful intercept | |||||||
| 3 May 08:00 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands | NASA | ||||
| HYPE | University of Arizona | Suborbital | Astronomy | 3 May | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 278 kilometres (173 mi) | |||||||
| 8 May | RT-2PM Topol | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | |||
| 8 May | R-29RMU Sineva | K-114 Tula, Barents Sea | VMF | ||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | |||
| 8 May | R-29R Volna | K-223 Podolsk, Sea of Okhotsk | VMF | ||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | |||
| 8 May | Ghaznavi | Sonmiani | ASFC | ||||
| ASFC | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | |||
| 20 May 17:08 |
RS-12M Topol | Kapustin Yar | RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 May | Successful | |||
| 21 May 05:35 |
SM-3-IB | Kauai | US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | ABM test | 21 May | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Aegis Ashore Controlled Test Vehicle (AA CTV-01) | |||||||
| 24 May | Black Brant IX | White Sands | NASA | ||||
| CHESS | CU Boulder | Suborbital | Astronomy | 24 May | Successful | ||
| 2 June | UGM-133 Trident II D5 | USS West Virginia, ETR | US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 2 June | Successful | |||
| Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test ? | |||||||
| 2 June | UGM-133 Trident II D5 | USS West Virginia, ETR | US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 2 June | Successful | |||
| Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test ? | |||||||
| 22 June 18:49 |
UGM-96 Trident I C4 (LV-2) | FTG-06b | Meck | MDA | |||
| MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 22 June | Successful | |||
| 22 June 18:55 |
Ground Based Interceptor | FTG-06b | Vandenberg LF-23 | MDA | |||
| MDA | Suborbital | ABM test | 22 June | Successful | |||
| FTG-06b interceptor, successful intercept | |||||||
| 26 June 11:21 |
Terrier Improved Orion | Wallops Island | NASA | ||||
| RockOn | CU Boulder | Suborbital | Student experiments | 26 June | Successful | ||
| Apogee: ~118 kilometres (73 mi) | |||||||
| 29 June[18] | Hwasong-6 | Masikryong | Korean People's Army Strategic Force | ||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 June | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi). 1 of 2. | |||||||
| 29 June[18] | Hwasong-6 | Masikryong | Korean People's Army Strategic Force | ||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 June | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi). 2 of 2. | |||||||
| 2 July 08:36 |
Terrier-Improved Malemute | Wallops Island | NASA | ||||
| SubTec-6 | NASA WFF | Suborbital | Student experiments | 2 July | Launch failure | ||
| Second stage failure after 19 seconds of flight | |||||||
| 9 July 12:00:00 |
Angara-1.2pp | Plesetsk Site 35/1 | VKO | ||||
| VKO | Suborbital | Test flight | 9 July | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Angara rocket family | |||||||
| 9 July[18] | Hwasong-6 | Hwangju | Korean People's Army Strategic Force | ||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 July | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi). 1 of 2. | |||||||
| 9 July[18] | Hwasong-6 | Hwangju | Korean People's Army Strategic Force | ||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 July | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi). 2 of 2. | |||||||
| 13 July[18] | Hwasong-6 | Kaesong | Korean People's Army Strategic Force | ||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 July | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi). | |||||||
| 14 July | GoFast | Black Rock Desert, Nevada, USA | CSXT | ||||
| CSXT | Suborbital | Test spacecraft | 14 July | Successful | |||
| Second GoFast amateur space launch (apogee: 117 km)[20] | |||||||
| 22 July 19:10 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands | NASA | ||||
| DFS | USC | Suborbital | Solar | 22 July | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 320 kilometres (200 mi) | |||||||
| 23 July | B-611 | Shuangchengzi | PLA | ||||
| PLA | Suborbital | ABM target | 23 July | Successful | |||
| Target | |||||||
| 23 July | SC-19 | Korla | PLA | ||||
| PLA | Suborbital | ABM test | 23 July | Successful | |||
| Interceptor, successful intercept | |||||||
| 4 August 14:00:00[21][22] |
S-310 | Uchinoura | JAXA | ||||
| University of Tokyo / JAXA / Waseda | Suborbital | Microgravity | 4 August | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 117 kilometres (73 mi) | |||||||
| 17 August 10:10:00[23] |
S-520 | Uchinoura | JAXA | ||||
| University of Tokyo / Hokkaido University / Tohoku University / TPU / Tokai / JAXA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 17 August | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 243 kilometres (151 mi) | |||||||
| 23 August 13:13 |
Terrier-Lynx | Wallops Island | DoD | ||||
| Shark | DoD | Suborbital | Radar target | 23 August | Successful | ||
| Apogee: ~150 kilometres (93 mi)? | |||||||
| 25 August 08:25 |
UGM-27 Polaris (STARS) | Kodiak LP-2 | US Air Force | ||||
| AHW FT2 | US Army | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 25 August | Launch failure | ||
| Launch vehicle went off course and was destroyed four seconds after launch | |||||||
| 28 August 09:00 |
Black Brant IX | Wallops Island | NASA | ||||
| NASA WFF | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 28 August | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~350 kilometres (220 mi) | |||||||
| 2 September 02:02 |
VS-30/EPL | Alcântara | AEB | ||||
| EPL-ME | INPE | Suborbital | Test | 2 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 130 kilometres (81 mi)? | |||||||
| 9 September | Blue Sparrow | F-15 Eagle, Israel | IAF | ||||
| Israeli Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 9 September | Successful | |||
| Arrow-2 target, intercept failed, Apogee: ~100 kilometres (62 mi)? | |||||||
| 10 September | RSM-56 Bulava | K-551 Vladimir Monomakh, White Sea | VMF | ||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 September | Successful | |||
| 11 September 05:41 |
Agni-I | Integrated Test Range | IDRDL | ||||
| IDRDL | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 September | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~500 kilometres (310 mi)? | |||||||
| 22 September 13:00 |
UGM-133 Trident II D5 | Submarine, Pacific Ocean | US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 September | Successful | |||
| 22 September 13:00 |
UGM-133 Trident II D5 | Submarine, Pacific Ocean | US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 September | Successful | |||
| 22 September 13:00 |
UGM-133 Trident II D5 | Submarine, Pacific Ocean | US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 September | Successful | |||
| 23 September 14:45 |
LGM-30G Minuteman III | Vandenberg LF-09 | US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 23 September | Successful | |||
| GT211GM, Apogee: ~1,300 kilometres (810 mi) ? | |||||||
| 30 September | Black Brant IX | White Sands | NASA | ||||
| VAULT 2.0 | NRL | Suborbital | Solar | 30 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi) | |||||||
| 7 October 13:10 |
Taiwan Sounding Rocket | Sounding Rocket X | Jiu Peng Air Base | NSPO | |||
| NSPO | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 7 October | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 286 km (178 mi) | |||||||
| 12 October 04:27 |
Terrier-Lynx | Wallops Island | DoD | ||||
| Shark | DoD | Suborbital | Radar target | 12 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: ~150 kilometres (93 mi)? | |||||||
| 17 October 07:08 |
MRBM-T3 ? | Kauai | MDA | ||||
| MDA | Suborbital | Radar target | 17 October | Successful | |||
| Medium Range Ballistic Missile Target, Aegis radar target FTX-20 | |||||||
| 23 October 13:33 |
SpaceLoft XL | Spaceport America | UP Aerospace | ||||
| FOP-3 | NASA | Suborbital | Four technology experiments | 23 October | Successful | ||
| Mission SL-9, Apogee: 124 kilometres (77 mi), successfully recovered | |||||||
| 29 October 17:27:00 |
RSM-56 Bulava | K-535 Yuri Dolgorukiy, White Sea | VMF | ||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 October | Successful | |||
| 1 November 06:20 |
RS-12M Topol | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful | |||
| 5 November | R-29RMU Sineva | K-114 Tula, Barents Sea | VMF | ||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 5 November | Successful | |||
| 6 November 19:07 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands | NASA | ||||
| RAISE 2 | SwRI | Suborbital | Solar | 6 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
| 6 November 22:03 |
Terrier-Oriole ? | FTM-25 | Kauai | MDA | |||
| MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 6 November | Successful | |||
| SM-3 Block 1B target | |||||||
| 6 November 22:06 |
RIM-161C Standard Missile 3 Block 1B | FTM-25 | USS John Paul Jones, Pacific Ocean | US Navy | |||
| US Navy | Suborbital | ABM test | 6 November | Successful | |||
| FTM-25 interceptor, successful intercept | |||||||
| 9 November 04:10 |
Agni II | Integrated Test Range | Indian Army / DRDO | ||||
| Indian Army/DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 November | Successful | |||
| 13 November | Shaheen-II | Sonmiani | ASFC | ||||
| ASFC | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 November | Successful | |||
| 14 November | Prithvi II | Integrated Test Range Launch Complex 3 | DRDO | ||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 November | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| 14 November | Dhanush | Ship, Indian Ocean | DRDO | ||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Target | 14 November | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| 17 November | Shaheen-IA | Sonmiani | ASFC | ||||
| ASFC | Suborbital | Missile test | 17 November | Successful | |||
| 24 November 08:05 |
Black Brant XIIA | Andøya | NASA | ||||
| C-REX | UAF | Suborbital | Geospace | 24 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 486 kilometres (302 mi) | |||||||
| 28 November | RSM-56 Bulava | K-550 Aleksandr Nevskiy, White Sea | VMF | ||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 November | Successful | |||
| 2 December 04:49 |
Agni-IV | Integrated Test Range | DRDO | ||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Missile Test | 2 December | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~850 kilometres (530 mi)? | |||||||
| 11 December 19:11 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands | NASA | ||||
| FOXSI | UC Berkeley | Suborbital | Solar research | 11 December | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 338 kilometres (210 mi) | |||||||
| 16 December | Blue Sparrow | F-15 Eagle, Israel | IAF | ||||
| Israeli Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 16 December | Successful | |||
| Arrow-3 target, launch of Interceptor was scrubbed, Apogee: ~100 kilometres (62 mi)? | |||||||
| 17 December | Improved Orion | White Sands | NASA | ||||
| CTREX | DOD | Suborbital | Test flight | 17 December | Successful | ||
| 17 December | Taurion | White Sands | NASA | ||||
| Sprint 1 | DOD | Suborbital | Test flight | 17 December | Successful | ||
| First launch of a Taurion missile, a special low performing vehicle configuration for the development of the Sprint target vehicle | |||||||
| 18 December 04:00:00 |
LVM3 | Satish Dhawan SLP | ISRO | ||||
| CARE | ISRO | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 December | Successful | ||
| First flight of LVM3 (earlier called GSLV Mk III). Sub-orbital test flight with dummy upper stage and ISRO Orbital Vehicle boilerplate [24] Apogee: 125.5 km | |||||||
| 26 December 08:02 |
RS-24 Yars | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 December | Successful | |||
Deep space rendezvous
| Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 January | Cassini | 98th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,400 kilometres (870 mi). |
| 2 February | Cassini | 99th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,236 kilometres (768 mi). |
| 6 March | Cassini | 100th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,500 kilometres (930 mi). |
| 7 April | Cassini | 101st flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 963 kilometres (598 mi). |
| 17 May | Cassini | 102nd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 2,994 kilometres (1,860 mi). |
| 18 June | Cassini | 103rd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 3,659 kilometres (2,274 mi). |
| 20 July | Cassini | 104th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 5,103 kilometres (3,171 mi). |
| 6 August | Rosetta | Enters orbit of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko | First artificial satellite of a comet. Initial orbit was 100 kilometres (62 mi)high and was reduced to 30 kilometres (19 mi) until 10 September. |
| 10 August | ISEE-3/ICE | flyby of Earth and Moon | Closest approach Earth: 178,400 kilometres (110,900 mi), closest approach Moon: 15,938 kilometres (9,903 mi). |
| 21 August | Cassini | 105th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 964 kilometres (599 mi). |
| 21 September | Cassini | 106th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,400 kilometres (870 mi). |
| 22 September | MAVEN | Areocentric orbit injection | Preliminary orbit was 380 kilometres (240 mi) x 44,600 kilometres (27,700 mi), inclined 75 deg to the equator. |
| 24 September | Mars Orbiter Mission | Areocentric orbit injection | India's first mission to Mars,[25] preliminary orbit was 422 kilometres (262 mi) x 76,994 kilometres (47,842 mi), inclined 150 deg to the equator. |
| 23 October | Cassini | 107th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,013 kilometres (629 mi). |
| 28 October[26] | Chang'e 5-T1 | lunar flyby on a free return trajectory | Closest approach: 13,000 kilometres (8,100 mi). |
| 12 November | Philae | Landing on 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko | First soft landing on a comet nucleus. Mission cut short when landing conditions resulted in its solar panels being out of position, depleting the lander's batteries. Data was still collected. |
| 10 December | Cassini | 108th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 980 kilometres (610 mi). |
Extra-Vehicular Activities (EVAs)
| Start Date/Time | Duration | End Time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 January 14:00 |
6 hours 8 minutes |
20:08 | Expedition 38 / 39 | Oleg Kotov | Installed High Resolution Camera (HRC) on SM Plane IV; installed Medium Resolution Camera (MRC) on SM Plane IV; photographed electrical connectors on ФП11 and ФП19 connector patch panels of SM; removed Worksite Interfaces (WIF) adaptor from SSRMS LEE B;
retrieved СКК #2-СО cassette container from DC-1.[27] |
| 23 April 13:56 |
1 hours 36 minutes |
15:32 | Expedition 39 / 40 | Richard Mastracchio | Replaced failed Multiplexer/Demultiplexer (MDM) unit on S0 truss; also removed two lanyards from Secondary Power Distribution Assembly (SPDA) doors.[28][29] |
| 19 June 14:10 |
7 hours 23 minutes |
21:33 | Expedition 40 / 41 | Alexander Skvortsov | Installed an automated phased antenna array used for the Russian command and telemetry system, relocated a part of the Obstanovka experiment that monitors charged particles and plasma in Low Earth Orbit, verifying the correct installation of the universal work platform (URM-D), taking samples from one of Zvezda's windows, and jettisoning an experiment frame.[30][31] |
| 18 August 14:02 |
5 hours 11 minutes |
19:13 | Expedition 40 / 41 | Alexander Skvortsov | Released Chasqui-1 cubesat into space; installed experiment packages (EXPOSE-R2 biological experiment, Plume Impingement and Deposit Monitoring unit), retrieved experiments (Vinoslivost materials exposure panel, Biorisk biological experiment), replaced cassette on SKK experiment and attached a handrail on an antenna.[32][33] |
| 7 October 12:30 |
6 hours 13 minutes |
18:43 | Expedition 41 / 42 | Reid Wiseman | Re-located a failed pump module to a permanent stowage position, installed a back-up power supply for the Mobile Transporter and replaced a light on the robotic arm.[34][35] |
| 15 October 12:16 |
6 hours 34 minutes |
18:50 | Expedition 41 / 42 | Reid Wiseman | Replaced failed sequential shunt unit (SSU) for 3A power system, relocated articulating portable foot restraint/tool stanchion (APFR/TS), removed camera port (CP) 7, relocated wireless video system external transceiver assembly (WETA) from CP8 to CP11, installed external TV camera group at CP8.[36][37] |
| 22 October 13:28 |
3 hours 38 minutes |
17:06 | Expedition 41 / 42 | Maksim Surayev | Removed and jettisoned Radiometriya experiment from Zvezda Plane II, removed EXPOSE-R experiment protective cover, took surface samples from Pirs extravehicular hatch 2 window (TEST experiment), removed and jettisoned two KURS antennas 2ACф1-1 and 2ACф1-2 from Poisk, photographed exterior of ISS Russian segment.[38][39] |
Orbital launch statistics
By country
For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.
| Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China | 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | |
| France | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| India | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Israel | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Italy | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Japan | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Russia | 34[a] | 31 | 1 | 2 | |
| Ukraine | 3[b] | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| United States | 23 | 22 | 1 | 0 | |
| World | 92 | 88 | 2 | 2 | |
By rocket
By family
| Family | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angara | Russia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
| Antares | United States | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Ariane | France | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Atlas | United States | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| Delta | United States | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Falcon | United States | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| GSLV | India | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| H-II | Japan | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Kuaizhou | China | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Long March | China | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 | |
| PSLV | India | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| R-7 | Russia | 22 | 21 | 0 | 1 | |
| R-36 | Ukraine | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Shavit | Israel | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Universal Rocket | Russia | 11 | 9 | 1 | 1 | |
| Vega | Italy | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Zenit | Ukraine | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
By type
| Rocket | Country | Family | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angara A5 | Russia | Angara | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
| Antares | United States | Antares | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Ariane 5 | France | Ariane | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Atlas V | United States | Atlas | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| Delta II | United States | Delta | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Delta IV | United States | Delta | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Dnepr | Ukraine | R-36 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Falcon 9 | United States | Falcon | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| GSLV | India | GSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Kuaizhou 1 | China | Kuaizhou | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| H-IIA | Japan | H-II | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Long March 2 | China | Long March | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Long March 3 | China | Long March | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Long March 4 | China | Long March | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
| Proton | Russia | Universal Rocket | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | |
| PSLV | India | PSLV | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Shavit | Israel | Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Soyuz | Russia | R-7 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
| Soyuz-2 | Russia | R-7 | 14 | 13 | 0 | 1 | |
| UR-100 | Russia | Universal Rocket | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Vega | Italy | Vega | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Zenit | Ukraine | Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
By configuration
| Rocket | Country | Type | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angara A5 / Briz-M | Russia | Angara A5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
| Antares 120 | United States | Antares | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Antares 130 | United States | Antares | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight |
| Ariane 5 ECA | France | Ariane 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Ariane 5 ES | France | Ariane 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Atlas V 401 | United States | Atlas V | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
| Atlas V 541 | United States | Atlas V | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Delta II 7320 | United States | Delta II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Delta IV Medium+ (4,2) | United States | Delta IV | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Delta IV Heavy | United States | Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Dnepr | Ukraine | Dnepr | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Falcon 9 v1.1 | United States | Falcon 9 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| GSLV Mk II | India | GSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | First successful launch |
| H-IIA 202 | Japan | H-IIA | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Kuahzhou 1 | China | Kuaizhou 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Long March 2C | China | Long March 2 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Long March 2D | China | Long March 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Long March 3A | China | Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Long March 3C/E | China | Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
| Long March 4B | China | Long March 4 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Long March 4C | China | Long March 4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Proton-M / Briz-M | Russia | Proton | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | |
| PSLV-CA | India | PSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| PSLV-XL | India | PSLV | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Rokot / Briz-KM | Russia | UR-100 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Shavit-2 | Israel | Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Soyuz-2.1a or ST-A | Russia | Soyuz-2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Soyuz-2.1a or ST-A / Fregat-M | Russia | Soyuz-2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Soyuz-2.1b or ST-B | Russia | Soyuz-2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M | Russia | Soyuz-2 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Soyuz ST-B / Fregat-MT | Russia | Soyuz-2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | |
| Soyuz-FG | Russia | Soyuz | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Soyuz-U | Russia | Soyuz | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Strela | Russia | UR-100 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Vega | Italy | Vega | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Zenit-3SL | Ukraine | Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
By spaceport
5
10
15
20
25
30
China
France
India
International waters
Israel
Japan
Kazakhstan
Russia
United States
| Site | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baikonur | Kazakhstan | 21 | 19 | 1 | 1 | |
| Cape Canaveral | United States | 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | |
| Dombarovsky | Russia | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Jiuquan | China | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
| Kourou | France | 11 | 10 | 0 | 1 | |
| MARS | United States | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Ocean Odyssey | International waters | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Palmachim | Israel | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Plesetsk | Russia | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| Satish Dhawan | India | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Taiyuan | China | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Tanegashima | Japan | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Vandenberg | United States | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Xichang | China | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 92 | 88 | 2 | 2 | ||
By orbit
10
20
30
40
50
- Transatmospheric
- Low Earth
- Low Earth (ISS)
- Low Earth (SSO)
- Low Earth (retrograde)
- Medium Earth
- Geosychronous
(transfer) - Inclined GSO
- High Earth
- Heliocentric
| Orbital regime | Launches | Achieved | Not achieved | Accidentally achieved |
Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transatmospheric | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Deployed into a transatmospheric orbit via low and medium Earth orbits |
| Low Earth | 49 | 48 | 1 | 0 | 14 to ISS (1 failure) |
| Medium Earth / Molniya | 12 | 12 | 0 | 0 | |
| Geosynchronous / GTO | 28 | 27 | 1 | 0 | |
| High Earth / Lunar transfer | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Heliocentric / Planetary transfer | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 92 | 90 | 2 | 0 |
Notes
- ^ Includes four European Soyuz launches from Kourou, French Guiana by Arianespace
- ^ Zenit and Dnepr rockets were launched from Russia
References
- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
- "Rocket Launch Manifest". Next Spaceflight.
- "Space Launch Plans". Novosti Kosmonavtiki.
Footnotes
- ^ Krebs, Gunter. "Chasqui 1". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
- ^ "CHASQUI-1". N2YO.com. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
- ^ Gruss, Mike (3 March 2016). "USAF weather woes grow as DMSP-19 stops obeying orders". SpaceNews. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
- ^ "משרד הביטחון: שיגור הלוויין אופק 10 לחלל - YouTube". YouTube. 10 April 2014.
- ^ "KickSat Has Been Deployed in Low-Earth Orbit". arrl.org. 19 April 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2014.
- ^ "KickSat Has Reentered". www.kickstarter.com. 14 May 2014. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
- ^ "В Казахстане второй день отсутствует телерадиовещание из-за проблем на спутнике KazSat-3" [There is no television and radio broadcasting in Kazakhstan for the second day due to problems on the KazSat-3 satellite] (in Kazakh). 16 September 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "Failure Review Oversight Board (FROB) Concludes Express AM4R Investigation; Return to Flight Mission Success on September 28". International Launch Services. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
- ^ Berger, Eric (8 February 2023). "Mysterious Russian satellites are now breaking apart in low-Earth orbit". Ars Technica. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
- ^ "Soyuz Flight VS09: Independent Inquiry Board announces definitive conclusions concerning the Fregat upper stage anomaly". Arianespace. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
- ^ "Sixth Galileo Satellite reaches corrected orbit". ESA. 13 March 2015. Archived from the original on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ^ William Graham (16 September 2014). "ULA Atlas V successfully launches secretive CLIO mission". NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
- ^ Krebs, Gunter. "Nemesis 1, 2 (PAN, CLIO / P360)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
- ^ «Бриз-М» отклонился от задания (in Russian). Kommersant. 28 October 2014. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
- ^ Foust, Jeff (21 November 2014). "Virginia May Seek Federal Funds for Wallops Spaceport Repairs". Space News. Archived from the original on 1 December 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
- ^ "KONDOR E". N2YO.com. 22 October 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
- ^ "Russia made its first test launch "Angara-A5"". RIA Novosti. 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "The CNS North Korea Missile Test Database". Nuclear Threat Initiative. Retrieved 17 January 2025.
- ^ "India Inches Closer to Credible Nuclear Triad with K-4 SLBM Test".
- ^ "GoFast". Archived from the original on 5 January 2009. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
- ^ "観測ロケットS-310-43号機 打上げ結果について" (in Japanese). JAXA. 5 August 2014. Retrieved 5 August 2014.
- ^ 2014年度第一次観測ロケット実験の実施について (in Japanese). JAXA. 18 June 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- ^ "2014年度第一次観測ロケット実験の実施について". JAXA. 18 June 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- ^ "Late ship postponed Mars mission launch, says official". The Times of India. 17 January 2014.
- ^ Jayaraman, K.S. (28 June 2013). "NASA's Deep Space Network to Support India's Mars Mission". Space.com. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
- ^ "The mission". LuxSpace. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 11 November 2014.
- ^ Keeter, Bill (27 January 2014). "ISS Daily Summary Report – 01/27/14". ISS On-Orbit Status Report. NASA. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
- ^ "Astronauts Complete Short Spacewalk to Replace Backup Computer". NASA. 23 April 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
- ^ Pete Harding (23 April 2014). "Astronauts completed speedy EVA to replace failed EXT-2 MDM". NASASpaceflight.com. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
- ^ "Spacewalkers Complete Installation and Experiment Work". NASA. 19 June 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
- ^ David Štula (19 June 2014). "EVA-38: Frustration morphs into success during Russian spacewalk". NASASpaceflight.com. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
- ^ "Station Spacewalkers Deploy Nanosatellite, Install and Retrieve Science". NASA. 18 August 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
- ^ David Štula and Chris Bergin (18 August 2014). "Russian spacewalkers successfully complete science-oriented EVA". NASASpaceflight.com. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
- ^ "Wiseman and Gerst Complete First Spacewalk of Expedition 41". NASA. 7 October 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2014.
- ^ Pete Harding (7 October 2014). "EVA-27: Astronaut duo complete US spacewalk outside ISS". NASASpaceflight.com. Retrieved 8 October 2014.
- ^ "Station Spacewalkers Replace Power Regulator, Move Equipment". NASA. 15 October 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2014.
- ^ Pete Harding (15 October 2014). "American duo complete EVA to prepare ISS for commercial crew". NASASpaceflight.com. Retrieved 15 October 2014.
- ^ "Cosmonauts Complete Third October Spacewalk". NASA. 22 October 2014. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
- ^ David Štula (24 October 2014). "Russian EVA-40 concludes final ISS spacewalk of 2014". NASASpaceflight.com. Retrieved 24 October 2014.