1998 in spaceflight

1998 in spaceflight
A Proton-K launches Zarya, the first module of the International Space Station
Orbital launches
First7 January
Last30 December
Total82
Successes75
Failures5
Partial failures2
Catalogued77
National firsts
Satellite Egypt
 Chile
Space traveller Spain
Rockets
Maiden flightsAthena II
Delta II 7326
Delta II 7420
Delta II 7425
Delta III
Shtil'
RetirementsAtlas II
Titan IVA
Crewed flights
Orbital7
Total travellers39
1998 in spaceflight

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1998 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

Zarya launch

This paragraph is an excerpt from Zarya (ISS module) § Launch and flight.[edit]

Zarya was launched on 20 November 1998 on a Russian Proton rocket from Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81 in Kazakhstan to a 400 km (250 mi) high orbit with a designed lifetime of at least 15 years. After Zarya reached orbit, STS-88 launched on 4 December 1998 to attach the Unity module.

Although only designed to fly autonomously for six to eight months, Zarya was required to do so for almost two years due to delays to the Russian Service Module, Zvezda. Zvezda was finally launched on 12 July 2000, docking with Zarya on 26 July 2000.

Orbital launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat) 		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

7 January
02:28 		Athena II Spaceport Florida LC-46 Lockheed Martin
Lunar Prospector NASA Selenocentric Lunar orbiter 31 July 1999 Successful
Maiden flight of Athena II, first orbital launch from Spaceport Florida
10 January
00:32 		Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral SLC-17B Boeing IDS
Skynet 4D MoD Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
22 January
12:56 		Shavit Palmachim ISA
Ofeq-4 Intended: Low Earth (retrograde) Reconnaissance 22 January Launch Failure
Second stage failure
23 January
02:48 		Space Shuttle Endeavour Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-89 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir Program 31 January
16:57		 Successful
SpaceHab Logistics Double Module NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Endeavour) Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
29 January
16:33 		Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Soyuz TM-27 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-25 25 August
05:24		 Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
29 January
18:37 		Atlas IIA Cape Canaveral SLC-36A
USA-137 (SDS-3-1) NRO Molniya Communications In orbit Operational
NRO Launch 5

February

4 February
23:29 		Ariane 4 44LP Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Brazilsat B3 Embratel Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
Inmarsat 3F5 Inmarsat Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
10 February
13:20 		Taurus 2210 Vandenberg LC-576E Orbital Sciences
GFO US Navy Low Earth Radar altimetry In orbit Operational
Orbcomm G1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm G2 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Celestis-02 Celestis Low Earth Space burial In orbit Successful
14 February
14:34 		Delta II 7420-10C Cape Canaveral SLC-17A Boeing IDS
Globalstar 1 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Globalstar 4 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Globalstar 2 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Globalstar 3 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Maiden flight of Delta II 7420
17 February
10:34 		Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 31/6
Kosmos 2349 (Yantar) Low Earth Cartography 2 April Successful
18 February
13:58 		Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 52 Iridium Low Earth Communications 5 November 2018[1] Successful
Iridium 56 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 October 2018[2] Successful
Iridium 54 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 May 2019[3] Successful
Iridium 50 Iridium Low Earth Communications 23 September 2018[4] Successful
Iridium 53 Iridium Low Earth Communications 30 September 2018[5] Successful
21 February
07:55 		H-II Tanegashima LA-Y NASDA
Kakehashi (COMETS) NASDA Intended: Geosynchronous
Actual: Medium Earth 		Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Upper stage failure led to lower orbit than planned
26 February
07:07 		Pegasus-XL Stargazer, Vandenberg Orbital Sciences
SNOE NASA/UC Boulder Low Earth Nitric Oxide research 13 December 2003 Successful
Teledesic 1 Teledesic Low Earth Communications 9 October 2000 Successful
27 February
22:38 		Ariane 4 42P Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Hot Bird 4 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
28 February
00:21 		Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral SLC-36B International Launch Services
Intelsat 806 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

March

14 March
22:45 		Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Progress M-38 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 15 May Successful
VDU 2 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir attitude control unit 23 March 2001
05:50		 Successful
16 March
21:32 		Atlas II Cape Canaveral SLC-36A
USA-138 (UHF F/O F8) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Final flight of baseline Atlas II
24 March
01:46 		Ariane 4 40 Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
SPOT 4 CNES Sun-synchronous Earth Imaging In orbit Operational
25 March
17:01 		Long March 2C Taiyuan LC-1
Iridium 51 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Iridium 61 Iridium Low Earth Communications 23 July 2019[6] Successful
30 March
06:02 		Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 55 Iridium Low Earth Communications 31 March 2019[7] Successful
Iridium 57 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Iridium 58 Iridium Low Earth Communications 7 April 2019[8] Successful
Iridium 59 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 March 2019[9] Successful
Iridium 60 Iridium Low Earth Communications 17 March 2019[10] Successful

April

2 April
02:42 		Pegasus-XL Stargazer, Vandenberg Orbital Sciences
TRACE NASA Low Earth Solar research In orbit Operational
7 April
02:13 		Proton-K/DM2 Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch Services
Iridium 62 Iridium Low Earth Communications 7 November 2018[11] Successful
Iridium 63 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Iridium 64 Iridium Low Earth Communications 1 April 2019[12] Successful
Iridium 65 Iridium Low Earth Communications 19 July 2018[13] Successful
Iridium 66 Iridium Low Earth Communications 23 August 2018[14] Successful
Iridium 67 Iridium Low Earth Communications 2 July 2018[15] Successful
Iridium 68 Iridium Low Earth Communications 6 June 2018[16] Successful
17 April
18:19 		Space Shuttle Columbia Kennedy LC-39B United Space Alliance
STS-90 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 3 May
16:09		 Successful
Spacelab LM-2 (Neurolab) NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Life science research
EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission duration extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
Final flight of Spacelab Long Module No. 2
24 April
22:38 		Delta II 7420-10C Cape Canaveral SLC-17A Boeing IDS
Globalstar 14 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Globalstar 6 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Globalstar 15 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Globalstar 8 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
28 April
22:53 		Ariane 4 44P Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Nilesat 101 Nilesat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
BSAT-1B BSAT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Nilesat is the first Egyptian satellite
29 April
04:36 		Proton-K/DM-2 Baikonur Site 200/39 RVSN
Kosmos 2350 (Prognoz SPRN) RVSN Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

May

2 May
09:16 		Long March 2C Taiyuan LC-1
Iridium 69 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Iridium 71 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
7 May
08:53 		Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 16/2
Kosmos 2351 (Oko) MO RF Molniya Early Warning In orbit Operational
7 May
23:45 		Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch Services
EchoStar 4 EchoStar Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
9 May
01:38 		Titan IVB 401/Centaur Cape Canaveral SLC-40 Lockheed Martin
USA-139 / Orion 4 NRO Geosynchronous SIGINT In orbit Operational
NROL-6 mission.
13 May
15:52 		Titan 23G Vandenberg SLC-4W Lockheed Martin
NOAA-15 (NOAA-K) NOAA Sun-synchronous Weather satellite In orbit Operational
14 May
22:12 		Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Progress M-39 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 29 October
04:14		 Successful
17 May
21:16 		Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 70 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 October 2018[17] Successful
Iridium 72 Iridium Low Earth Communications 14 May 2018[18] Successful
Iridium 73 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Iridium 74 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 June 2017[19] Successful
Iridium 75 Iridium Low Earth Communications 10 July 2018[20] Successful
30 May
10:00 		Long March 3B Xichang LC-2
Zhongwei 1 (ChinaStar 1) COTSC Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

June

2 June
22:06 		Space Shuttle Discovery Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-91 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight 12 June
18:00		 Successful
SpaceHab Logistics Double Module NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Discovery) Logistics
AMS-01 ESA Low Earth (Discovery) Particle physics
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts, landing with seven
Final Shuttle-Mir flight and first shuttle flight with Super-lightweight Aluminium/Lithium ET
10 June
00:35 		Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral SLC-17A Boeing IDS
Thor 3 Telenor Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
15 June
22:58 		Tsyklon-3 Plesetsk Site 32
Kosmos 2352 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth 		Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Kosmos 2353 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth 		Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Kosmos 2354 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth 		Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Kosmos 2355 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth 		Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Kosmos 2356 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth 		Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Kosmos 2357 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth 		Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Third stage failure left satellites in lower orbit than planned
18 June
22:48 		Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral SLC-36A International Launch Services
Intelsat 805 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
24 June
18:29 		Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 43/3
Kosmos 2358 (Yantar) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 22 October Successful
25 June
14:00 		Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 31/6
Kosmos 2359 (Yantar) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 12 July 1999 Successful

July

1 July
00:48 		Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 43/3
Molniya 3–49 MOM Molniya Communications 2 February 2011 Successful
3 July
18:12 		M-V Uchinoura ISAS
Nozomi (PLANET-B) ISAS Intended: Areocentric
Actual: Heliocentric 		Mars orbiter In orbit Spacecraft failure
Gravity assist produced less velocity than expected, spacecraft ran out of fuel trying to compensate
7 July
03:15 		Shtil' Novomoskovsk (K-407), Barents Sea
Tubsat-N TUB Low Earth Communications 23 April 2002 Successful
Tubsat-N1 TUB Low Earth Communications 21 October 2000 Successful
Shtil 1 Makeev Low Earth Measure carrier rocket performance 8 May 2014 Successful
Maiden flight of Shtil' and first orbital launch from a submarine
10 July
06:30 		Zenit-2 Baikonur Site 45/1
Resurs-O1 4 Low Earth Remote sensing In orbit Operational
Fasat-Bravo FACh Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
TMSAT Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Gurwin Techsat 1B Technion Low Earth Technology development In orbit Operational
WESTPAC WPLTN Low Earth Laser tracking In orbit Operational
SAFIR-2 DLR Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Fasat-Bravo is the first successful Chilean satellite
18 July
09:20 		Long March 3B Xichang LC-2
Sinosat-1 SinoSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
28 July
09:15 		Zenit-2 Baikonur Site 45/1
Kosmos 2360 (Tselina-2) MO RF Low Earth SIGINT In orbit Operational

August

2 August
16:24 		Pegasus-XL/HAPS Stargazer, Wallops Flight Facility Orbital Sciences
Orbcomm B5 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm B6 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm B7 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm B8 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm B4 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications 22 December 2018
07:12		 Successful
Orbcomm B3 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm B2 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm B1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
The decommissioned Orbcomm B4 satellite disintegrated into 34 pieces in 2018; the cause is under investigation as of January 2019[21]
12 August
11:30 		Titan IVA 401/Centaur Cape Canaveral SLC-41 Lockheed Martin
Mercury-3 Intended: Geosynchronous ELINT 12 August
T+40 seconds		 Launch Failure
Final flight of Titan IVA
Control lost after guidance system malfunction; Range Safety self-destruct
13 August
09:43 		Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Soyuz TM-28 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-26 28 February 1999
02:14		 Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
19 August
23:01 		Long March 2C Taiyuan LC-1
Iridium 3 Iridium Low Earth Communications 8 February 2018[22] Successful
Iridium 76 Iridium Low Earth Communications 28 August 2018[23] Successful
25 August
23:07 		Ariane 4 44P Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
ST-1 Singapore Telecom/Chunghwa Telecom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
27 August
01:17 		Delta III 8930 Cape Canaveral SLC-17B Boeing IDS
Galaxy 10 PanAmSat Intended: Geosynchronous Communications 27 August
T+75 seconds		 Launch Failure
Maiden flight of Delta III
Hydraulic failure in thrust vectoring system led to range safety self-destruct
30 August
00:31 		Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch Services
Astra 2A SES Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
31 August
03:07 		Paektusan-1 Musudan-ri
Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 KCST Intended: Low Earth Communications 31 August Launch failure
First North Korean orbital launch attempt, never achieved orbit due to a suspected third stage failure. North Korea considered the launch as successful.

September

8 September
21:13 		Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 82 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Iridium 81 Iridium Low Earth Communications 17 July 2018[24] Successful
Iridium 80 Iridium Low Earth Communications 12 August 2018[25] Successful
Iridium 79 Iridium Low Earth Communications 29 November 2000 Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 77 Iridium Low Earth Communications 22 September 2017[26] Spacecraft Failure
9 September
20:29 		Zenit-2 Baikonur Site 45/1
Globalstar 5 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications 9 September Launch Failure
Globalstar 7 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 9 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 10 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 11 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 12 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 13 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 16 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 17 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 18 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 20 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Globalstar 21 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Computer error caused premature second stage cutout
16 September
06:31 		Ariane 4 44LP Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
PanAmSat 7 PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
23 September
05:06 		Pegasus-XL/HAPS Stargazer, Wallops Island Orbital Sciences
Orbcomm C1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm C2 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm C3 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm C4 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm C5 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm C6 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm C7 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Orbcomm C8 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
28 September
23:41 		Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 43/3
Molniya-1T MOM Molniya Communications In orbit Operational

October

3 October
10:04 		Taurus 1110 Vandenberg LC-576E Orbital Sciences
STEX NRO Low Earth Technology research In orbit Partial satellite failure
USA-141 (ATeX) NRO Low Earth Technology research In orbit Satellite failure
ATeX failed to deploy fully and was jettisoned from STEX on 16 January 1999 to protect the main spacecraft
5 October
22:51 		Ariane 4 44L Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Eutelsat W2 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Sirius 3 NSAB Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
9 October
22:50 		Atlas IIA Cape Canaveral SLC-36B International Launch Services
Hot Bird 5 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
20 October
07:19 		Atlas IIA Cape Canaveral SLC-36A
USA-140 (UHF F/O F9) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
21 October
16:37 		Ariane 5G Kourou ELA-3 Arianespace
Maqsat 3 ESA Geosynchronous transfer Monitor rocket performance In orbit Successful
ARD ESA Suborbital Spacecraft recovery demonstration 21 October Successful
ARD recovered in Pacific Ocean by French Navy
23 October
00:02 		Pegasus-H Stargazer, Cape Canaveral Orbital Sciences
SCD-2 INPE Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
24 October
21:13 		Delta II 7326-9.5 Cape Canaveral SLC-17A Boeing IDS
Deep Space 1 NASA Heliocentric Asteroid/Comet probe In orbit Successful
SEDSAT-1 Alabama Low Earth Amateur radio In orbit Operational
Maiden flight of Delta II 7326
Deep Space 1 performed flybys of 1992 KD and 19P/Borrelly
25 October
04:14 		Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Progress M-40 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 5 February 1999
11:10		 Successful
Sputnik-41 ACF/AMSAT/RuAF Low Earth Amateur radio 11 January 1999 Successful
Sputnik-41 deployed from Mir during an EVA on 10 November
28 October
22:15 		Ariane 4 44L Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
AfriStar 1worldspace Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
GE 5 GE Americom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
29 October
19:19 		Space Shuttle Discovery Kennedy LC-39B United Space Alliance
STS-95 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 7 November
17:03		 Successful
SpaceHab Single Module NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Discovery) Scientific research
SPARTAN-201 NASA Low Earth Solar observation
PANSAT (PO-34) US Navy Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Spanish space traveller (Pedro Duque) and the oldest person to fly in space (John Glenn)
PANSAT deployed on 30 October; SPARTAN deployed on 1 November and retrieved on 3 November

November

4 November
05:12 		Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch services
PanAmSat 8 PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
6 November
13:37 		Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 2 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure
Iridium 86 Iridium Low Earth Communications 5 October 2018[27] Successful
Iridium 85 Iridium Low Earth Communications 30 December 2000 Spacecraft failure
Iridium 84 Iridium Low Earth Communications 4 November 2018[28] Successful
Iridium 83 Iridium Low Earth Communications 5 November 2018[29] Successful
20 November
05:12 		Proton-K Baikonur Site 81/23 Roskosmos
Zarya NASA/Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS module In orbit Operational
First launch of the International Space Station programme
22 November
23:54 		Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral SLC-17B Boeing IDS
BONUM-1 Telenor Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

December

4 December
08:35 		Space Shuttle Endeavour Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-88 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 16 December
04:53		 Successful
Unity (Node 1) NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS module In orbit Operational
PMA-1 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS component In orbit Operational
PMA-2 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS component In orbit Operational
SAC-A CONAE Low Earth Technology demonstration 25 October 1999 Successful
MightySat 1 US Air Force Low Earth Technology demonstration 21 November 1999 Successful
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
First crewed flight to the International Space Station
SAC-A deployed on 14 December and MightySat on 15 December
6 December
00:43 		Ariane 4 42L Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Satmex 5 Satmex Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
6 December
00:57 		Pegasus-XL Stargazer, Vandenberg Orbital Sciences
SWAS NASA Low Earth Astronomy In orbit Operational
10 December
11:57 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 132/1
Nadezhda 5 MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Astrid-2 SSC Low Earth Aurora research In orbit Operational
11 December
18:45 		Delta II 7425-9.5 Cape Canaveral SLC-17A Boeing IDS
Mars Climate Orbiter NASA Intended: Areocentric
Actual: Heliocentric 		Mars orbiter 23 September 1999 Spacecraft failure
Maiden flight of Delta II 7425
MCO crashed into Mars during orbital inserition due to error in unit conversions between Metric and Imperial
19 December
11:39 		Long March 2C Taiyuan LC-1
Iridium 20 Iridium Low Earth Communications 22 October 2018[30] Successful
Iridium 11 Iridium Low Earth Communications 22 October 2018[31] Successful
22 December
01:08 		Ariane 4 42L Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
PAS-6B PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
24 December
20:02 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 132/1
Kosmos 2361 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
30 December
18:35 		Proton-K/DM-2 Baikonur Site 200/39
Kosmos 2362 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Kosmos 2363 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Kosmos 2364 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational

Suborbital launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat) 		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

16 January
03:25 		Minuteman II Vandenberg LF-03 US Air Force
MSLS IFT-2 US Air Force Suborbital ABM target 16 January Successful
16 January
03:46 		Payload Launch Vehicle Meck Island US Air Force/Orbital Sciences
EKV US Air Force Suborbital ABM interceptor 16 January Successful
25 January
08:35 		S-310 Uchinoura Pad K ISAS
SEEK ISAS Suborbital Ozone/Aeronomy research 25 January Successful
26 January
12:26 		Nike Orion Esrange SSC
MERMAID SSC/DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 26 January Successful
31 January
04:30 		S-520 Uchinoura Pad K ISAS
XUV Doppler Telescope ISAS Suborbital Solar observation 31 January Successful
31 January
23:43 		VS-30 Andøya INPE
AL-VS30-229 DLR Suborbital Aeronomy research 31 January Successful

February

5 February
08:30 		S-520 Uchinoura Pad K ISAS
ISAS Suborbital Plasma research 5 February Successful
7 February
07:40 		Skylark VII Esrange Pad S SSC
TEXUS 36 SSC Suborbital Microgravity research 7 February Successful
10 February Trident C-4 Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 February Successful
10 February Trident C-4 Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 February Successful
10 February Trident C-4 Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 February Successful
10 February Trident C-4 Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 February Successful
11 February
09:42 		Nike-Orion Esrange DLR
Texus-5 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 11 February Successful
19 February R-29 Submarine, Barents Sea Russian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 February Successful
19 February R-29 Submarine, Barents Sea Russian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 February Successful
20 February
00:09 		Black Brant VC Arecibo NASA
Coqui Dos SAL NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 20 February Successful
20 February
00:37 		Black Brant VC Arecibo NASA
Coqui Dos NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 20 February Successful
20 February
08:23 		Minuteman III Vandenberg LF-04 US Air Force
FOT GT166GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 20 February Failure
25 February
03:17 		Black Brant VC Arecibo NASA
Coqui Dos NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 25 February Successful
25 February
07:43 		Taurus-Orion Arecibo NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 25 February Successful
25 February
07:50 		Terrier-Orion Arecibo NASA
EDDY NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 25 February Successful

March

3 March
22:33 		Nike-Orion Esrange SSC
NLTE-1 Atomic 2A SSC Suborbital Ionosphere research 3 March Successful
6 March
21:26 		Nike-Orion Esrange SSC
NLTE-2 Atomic 2B SSC Suborbital Ionosphere research 3 March Successful
7 March
01:33 		Black Brant VC Arecibo NASA
Coqui Dos NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 7 March Successful
7 March Trident D-5 Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 7 March Successful
7 March Trident D-5 Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 7 March Successful
10 March Trident D-5 Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 March Successful
10 March Trident D-5 Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 March Successful
11 March
23:39 		Black Brant IX Arecibo NASA
Coqui Dos LaTuR NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 11 March Successful
21 March VS-40 Alcântara INPE
INPE Suborbital Test sounding rocket 21 March Successful
25 March
01:45 		Black Brant VC Arecibo NASA
Coqui Dos NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 25 March Successful

April

6 April Ghauri Tilla PAF
PAF Suborbital Missile test 6 April Successful
Maiden flight of Ghauri
6 April RH-560/200 MK II Sriharikota ISRO
ISRO Suborbital Aeronomy research 6 April Successful
15 April R-36M2 Baikonur RVSN
RVSN/ISC Kosmotras Suborbital Missile test 15 April Successful
Part of Dnepr development programme
17 April
18:05 		Strypi Pacific Missile Range Sandia
Red Crow BMDO Suborbital Technology development 17 April Successful
18 April
04:00 		Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy 18 April Successful
18 April
07:30 		Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy 18 April Successful
28 April
12:10 		Black Brant IXB SpacePort Canada Akjuit Aerospace
ACTIVE CSA Suborbital Ionosphere research 28 April Successful
First and only launch conducted by Akjuit Aerospace. Final launch from the SpacePort Canada (Churchill Rocket Research Range) site.

May

7 May
10:30 		Peacekeeper Vandenberg LF-05 US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 7 May Successful
12 May
11:22 		Hera White Sands LC-94 US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM Target 12 May Successful
12 May
11:25 		THAAD White Sands US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM Interceptor 12 May Failure
22 May
06:22 		Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NITE NASA Suborbital Infrared astronomy 22 May Successful

June

3 June
19:57 		Minuteman III Vandenberg LF-26 US Air Force
FOT GT167GB US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 3 June Successful
11 June
01:00 		KSR-II Anhueng KARI
KARI Suborbital Ionosphere research
X-ray astronomy		 11 June Successful
16 June
14:19 		Nike-Orion Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Test sounding rocket 16 June Successful
24 June
08:01 		Minuteman III Vandenberg LF-09 US Air Force
GRP-IDF-1 US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 24 June Successful
24 June
12:46 		Minuteman III Vandenberg LF-10 US Air Force
FOT GT168GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 24 June Successful

July

22 July Shahab-3 Emamshahr
Suborbital Missile test 22 July Failure
Maiden flight of Shahab-3

August

15 August
05:30 		Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
EEV CCD NASA Suborbital X-ray astronomy 15 August Successful
21 August R-29 Submarine, Barents Sea Russian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 21 August Successful

September

16 September
11:10 		Topol Plesetsk Site 158 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 16 September Successful
18 September
08:01 		Minuteman III Vandenberg LF-26 US Air Force
GRP-IDF-2 US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 18 September Successful
18 September
15:00 		Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
SOAREX-1 NASA Suborbital Hypersonic dynamics test 18 September Successful
21 September
14:51 		RH-560/300 MK II Sriharikota ISRO
DEOS F06 ISRO/DLR Suborbital Ionosphere research 21 September Successful
24 September
12:50 		Storm-2 White Sands LC-32 Orbital Sciences
MTTV US Air Force Suborbital Target 24 September Successful
MTD-3 US Air Force Suborbital Weapons test 24 September Successful
28 September
15:11 		RH-560/300 MK II Sriharikota ISRO
DEOS F07 ISRO/DLR Suborbital Ionosphere research 28 September Successful

October

7 October
12:00 		UR-100NU Baikonur RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 7 October Successful
22 October
12:53 		Topol Plesetsk Site 158 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 22 October Failure
Self-destruct activated after rocket went off course

November

2 November
18:20 		Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
SOPHIE (NCAR/CU-7) NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet solar observation 2 November Successful
6 November
01:32 		AIT-1 Kodiak Island Orbital Sciences
US Air Force Suborbital Rocket test 6 November Successful
First launch from Kodiak Island
18 November
15:40 		Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Microgravity research 18 November Successful
18 November
23:00 		TR-1 Tanegashima LA-T NASDA
NASDA Suborbital Microgravity research 18 November Successful
20 November Aries Pacific Missile Range US Air Force
TTV-1 US Air Force Suborbital Target vehicle 20 November Successful
24 November
09:53 		Maxus Esrange SSC
ESA Suborbital Scientific research 24 November Successful

December

3 December
11:04 		Nike-Orion Esrange DLR
Mini-Texus 6 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 3 December Successful
8 December
11:25 		Topol Plesetsk Site 158 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 8 December Successful
9 December
10:20 		RT-23 Plesetsk RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Test flight 9 December Successful
10 December UR-100NU Baikonur RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 10 December Successful
15 December Taiwan Sounding Rocket Sounding Rocket I Jiu Peng Air Base NSPO
NSPO Suborbital Test flight 15 December Successful
Apogee: ~280 km (174 mi)

Deep-space rendezvous

Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
11 January Lunar Prospector Selenocentric orbit injection
23 January NEAR Flyby of the Earth Closest approach: 540 kilometres (340 mi)
10 February Galileo 5th flyby of Europa
29 March Galileo 6th flyby of Europa
26 April Cassini 1st flyby of Venus Gravity assist
13 May AsiaSat 3/HGS 1 comsat 1st flyby of the Moon First use of moon's gravity for a recovery mission; Closest approach: 6,200 kilometres (3,900 mi)
31 May Galileo 7th flyby of Europa
1 June AsiaSat 3/HGS 1 2nd flyby of the Moon Closest approach: 34,300 kilometres (21,300 mi)
21 July Galileo 8th flyby of Europa
26 September Galileo 9th flyby of Europa
22 November Galileo 10th flyby of Europa
20 December Nozomi 1st flyby of the Earth
23 December NEAR Flyby of 433 Eros Closest approach: 3,827 kilometres (2,378 mi)

EVAs

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Function Remarks
8 January
23:08 		3 hours
6 minutes 		9 January
02:14 		Mir EO-24 Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov 		Repaired the damaged airlock sealing system, used the Strela boom to move across Mir and recover an American optical monitoring experiment. Checked the integrity of cable connects to several antennas.[32]
14 January
21:12 		3 hours
52 minutes 		15 January
01:04 		Mir EO-24 Anatoly Solovyev
David Wolf 		Continued to make more repairs to the airlock hatch on Kvant-2 and used a handheld photo-reflectometer to inspect the exterior surface of the station.[33]
1 April
13:35 		6 hours
40 minutes 		20:15 Mir EO-25 Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin 		Installed a set of handrails and one of two-foot restraints on the outside of the Spektr module in preparation for the repair of the damaged solar array.[34]
6 April
13:35 		4 hours
15 minutes 		17:50 Mir EO-25 Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin 		Begin repair of the damaged Spektr solar panel. After installing a splint on the frayed panel, the spacewalkers had to quickly return to the airlock to handle a problem with station attitude control.[35]
11 April
09:55 		6 Hours
25 minutes 		16:20 Mir EO-25 Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin 		Jettisoned the external thruster engine (VDU) that had been located at the top of the Sofora boom and recover an experiment from the Rapana structure.[36] Dismantling of the Rapana structure was not completed.[37]
17 April
07:40 		6 Hours
33 minutes 		14:13 Mir EO-25 Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin 		Removed two structures and secured them to exterior surfaces and repositioned the new thrust engine (VDU) for future use.[37]
22 April
05:34 		6 Hours
21 minutes 		11:55 Mir EO-25 Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin 		Completed installation of the new VDU thruster unit on top of the Sofora boom.[38]
15 September
20:00 		30 minutes 20:30 Mir EO-26 Gennady Padalka
Sergei Avdeyev 		Internal spacewalk in the depressurised Spektr module to connect electrical and control cables to the solar array servo motor.[39]
10 November
19:24 		5 hours
54 minutes 		11 November
01:18 		Mir EO-26 Gennady Padalka
Sergei Avdeyev 		Deployed Sputnik-41, deployed a French "meteorite trap" intended to catch some dust from the upcoming Leonids meteor shower.[40]
7 December
22:10 		7 hours
21 minutes 		8 December
05:31 		STS-88
ISS Endeavour 		Jerry L. Ross
James H. Newman 		Connected computer and electrical cables between the Unity node, the two mating adapters attached to either end of Unity, and the Zarya Functional Cargo Block (FGB).[41] First ISS assembly EVA
9 December
20:33 		7 hours
2 minutes 		10 December
03:35 		STS-88
ISS Endeavour 		Jerry L. Ross
James H. Newman 		Installed two box-like antennas on the outside of the Unity module that are part of the S-band early communications system.[42]
12 December
20:33 		6 hours
59 minutes 		13 December
03:32 		STS-88
ISS Endeavour 		Jerry L. Ross
James H. Newman 		Checked on an insulation cover on a cable connection on the lower Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA-2) to make sure it was fully installed, attached EVA tools on the side of Unity's upper mating adapter (PMA-1) in preparation for future EVAs, and inspected Orbiter Space Vision System targets on Unity.[43]

References

  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
  • "Rocket Launch Manifest". Next Spaceflight.
  • "Space Launch Plans". Novosti Kosmonavtiki.
Generic references:
Spaceflight portal

Footnotes

  1. ^ "IRIDIUM 52". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  2. ^ "IRIDIUM 56". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  3. ^ "IRIDIUM 54". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  4. ^ "IRIDIUM 50". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  5. ^ "IRIDIUM 53". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  6. ^ "IRIDIUM 61". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2019.
  7. ^ "IRIDIUM 55". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  8. ^ "IRIDIUM 58". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  9. ^ "IRIDIUM 59". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  10. ^ "IRIDIUM 60". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  11. ^ "IRIDIUM 62". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  12. ^ "IRIDIUM 64". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  13. ^ "IRIDIUM 65". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  14. ^ "IRIDIUM 66". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  15. ^ "IRIDIUM 67". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  16. ^ "IRIDIUM 68". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  17. ^ "IRIDIUM 70". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  18. ^ "IRIDIUM 72". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  19. ^ "IRIDIUM 74". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  20. ^ "IRIDIUM 75". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  21. ^ Henry, Caleb (2 January 2019). "FIRST UP Satcom | Orbcomm satellite breaks up • OneWeb denies Russian investment talks". SpaceNews. Archived from the original on 3 February 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
  22. ^ "IRIDIUM 03". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  23. ^ "IRIDIUM 76". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  24. ^ "IRIDIUM 81". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  25. ^ "IRIDIUM 80". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  26. ^ "IRIDIUM 77". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  27. ^ "IRIDIUM 86". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  28. ^ "IRIDIUM 84". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  29. ^ "IRIDIUM 83". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  30. ^ "IRIDIUM 20". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  31. ^ "IRIDIUM 11". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
  32. ^ van der Berg, Chris (9 January 1998). "MIRNEWS 9 JANUARY 1998 (402)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
  33. ^ van der Berg, Chris (16 January 1998). "MIRNEWS 16 JANUARY 1998 (403)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
  34. ^ van der Berg, Chris (2 April 1998). "MIRNEWS 2 APRIL 1998 (415)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
  35. ^ van der Berg, Chris (7 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.416 7 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
  36. ^ van der Berg, Chris (12 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.417 12 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 September 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
  37. ^ a b van der Berg, Chris (17 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.418 17 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
  38. ^ van der Berg, Chris (22 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.419 22 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
  39. ^ van der Berg, Chris (16 September 1998). "MIRNEWS.439 16 SEPTEMBER 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 September 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
  40. ^ van der Berg, Chris. "MIRNEWS.446 11 NOVEMBER 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
  41. ^ NASA (1998). "STS-88 Day 5 Highlights". NASA. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
  42. ^ NASA (1998). "STS-88 Day 7 Highlights". NASA. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
  43. ^ NASA (1998). "STS-88 Day 8 Highlights". NASA. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.