1991 in spaceflight (January–June)

This is a list of spaceflights launched between January and June 1991. For launches between July and December, see 1991 in spaceflight (July–December). For an overview of the whole year, see 1991 in spaceflight.

Orbital launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat) 		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

8 January
00:53:01 		Delta II (7925) Cape Canaveral SLC-17B McDonnell Douglas
NATO-4A NATO Geosynchronous Communication In orbit Successful
14 January
14:50:27 		Soyuz-U2 Baikonur Site 1/5 RVSN
Progress M-6 MOM Low Earth, docked to Mir Resupply Mir 15 March 1991 Successful
15 January
23:10:49 		Ariane 4 (44L) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Italsat 1 ASI Geostationary Communication In orbit Successful
Eutelsat 2F2 Eutelsat Geostationary Communication In orbit Successful
17 January
10:30 		Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 16/2 RVSN
Kosmos 2121 (Zenit-8) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 10 February 1991 Successful
18 January
11:34 		Tsyklon-2 Baikonur RVSN
Kosmos 2122 (US-P) MO SSSR Low Earth Naval Reconnaissance 28 March 1993 Successful
29 January
11:59:58 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 133/3 RVSN
Informator-1 MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful

February

5 February
02:36 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 133/3 RVSN
Kosmos 2123 (Tsikada) MO SSSR Low Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
7 February
18:15 		Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 16 RVSN
Kosmos 2124 (Yantar-4K2) MOM Low Earth 7 April 1991 Successful
12 February
02:44 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 133/3 RVSN
Kosmos 2125 (Strela-1M) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2126 (Strela-1M) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2127 (Strela-1M) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2128 (Strela-1M) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2129 (Strela-1M) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2130 (Strela-1M) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2131 (Strela-1M) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2132 (Strela-1M) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
14 February
08:31:56 		Proton-K / DM-2 Baikonur Site 200/39 RVSN
Kosmos 2133 (Prognoz) MOM Geosynchronous Missile defence In orbit Successful
15 February
09:30 		Soyuz-U Baikonur RVSN
Kosmos 2134 (Yantar-1KFT) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 1 April 1991 Successful
15 February
15:19 		Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 43/3 RVSN
Molniya-1-80 MOM Molniya Communication In orbit Successful
26 February
04:53:06 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 133/3 RVSN
Kosmos 2135 (Parus) MO SSSR Low Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
28 February
05:30:00 		Proton-K / DM-2 Baikonur Site 81/23 RVSN
MOM Geostationary Communication In orbit Successful

March

2 March
23:36:00 		Ariane 4 (44LP) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Astra 1B SES Astra Geosynchronous Communication In orbit Successful
Meteosat 5 ESA / EUMETSAT Geosynchronous Weather In orbit Successful
6 March
15:30 		Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 16 RVSN
Kosmos 2136 (Zenit-8) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 20 March 1991 Successful
8 March
12:03 		Titan IVA (403A) Vandenberg SLC-4E US Air Force
USA-69 (Lacrosse-2) NRO Low Earth Radar Reconnaissance In orbit Successful
First Titan IV launch from Vandenberg AFB
Was one of the oldest operational reconnaissance satellite till 2008.
8 March
23:03 		Delta II (6925) Cape Canaveral SLC-17B McDonnell Douglas
Inmarsat 2F2 Inmarsat Geosynchronous Communication In orbit Successful
12 March
19:29:04 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 133/3 RVSN
Nadezhda-3 MO SSSR Low Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
19 March
13:05:15 		Soyuz-U2 Baikonur Site 1/5 RVSN
Progress M-7 MOM Low Earth, docked to Mir Resupply Mir 7 May 1991 Successful
19 March
14:30 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 132/1 RVSN
Kosmos 2137 (Taifun-1) MO SSSR Low Earth Radar calibration 3 April 1995 Successful
22 March
12:19:59 		Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 43/4 RVSN
Molniya-3-55L MOM Molniya Communication In orbit Successful
26 March
13:45 		Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 16 RVSN
Kosmos 2138 (Yantar-4K2) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 24 May 1991 Successful
31 March
15:12:00 		Proton-K Baikonur Site 200/40 RVSN
Almaz-1 MOM Low Earth Radar reconnaissance 17 October 1992 Successful

April

4 April
10:47:12 		Proton-K / DM-2 Baikonur Site 200/39 RVSN
Kosmos 2139 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2140 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2141 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
4 April
23:33:00 		Ariane 4 (44P) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Anik E2 Telesat Geosynchronous Communication In orbit Successful
5 April
14:22:45 		Space Shuttle Atlantis Kennedy LC-39B United Space Alliance
STS-37 NASA Low Earth Manned orbital flight 11 April 1991 Successful
Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) NASA Low Earth Gamma ray astronomy 4 June 2000 Successful
13 April
00:09 		Delta II (7925) Cape Canaveral SLC-17B McDonnell Douglas
Spacenet 4 GE Americom Geostationary Communication In orbit Successful
16 April
07:21:42 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 132/1 RVSN
Kosmos 2142 (Parus) MO SSSR Low Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
18 April
23:30 		Atlas I Cape Canaveral LC-36B General Dynamics
Yuri 3H General Dynamics Intended: Geosynchronous Communication T+361 seconds Failure
Destroyed by RSO after upper stage turbopump malfunction
Apogee: 175 kilometres (109 mi)
24 April
01:37:00 		Tsyklon-3 Plesetsk RVSN
Meteor-3-4 MO SSSR Low Earth Weather In orbit Successful
28 April
11:33:14 		Space Shuttle Discovery Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-39 NASA Low Earth Manned orbital flight 6 May 1991 Successful
IBSS-SPAS (SPAS 02) SDIO Low Earth Missile defence experiments 6 May 1991 Successful
USA-70 (MPEC) DARPA Low Earth Technology 13 May 1991 Successful
CRO-C SDIO Low Earth Chemical release 14 May 1991 Successful
CRO-B SDIO Low Earth Chemical release 12 May 1991 Successful
CRO-A SDIO Low Earth Chemical release 13 May 1991 Successful

May

14 May
15:52:03 		Atlas-E Vandenberg SLC-3W US Air Force
NOAA-12 NOAA Low Earth (SSO) Weather In orbit Successful
16 May
21:40 		Tsyklon-3 Plesetsk RVSN
Kosmos 2143 (Strela-3) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2144 (Strela-3) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2145 (Strela-3) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2146 (Strela-3) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2147 (Strela-3) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
Kosmos 2148 (Strela-3) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
18 May
12:50:28 		Soyuz-U2 Baikonur Site 1/5 RVSN
Soyuz TM-12 MOM Low Earth, docked to Mir Manned orbital flight 10 October 1991 Successful
21 May
09:00:00 		Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 43/4 RVSN
Resurs-F-10 MOM Low Earth Remote sensing 20 June 1991 Successful
24 May
15:29 		Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 43/3 RVSN
Kosmos 2149 (Yantar-4K2) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 4 July 1991 Successful
29 May
22:55 		Delta II (7925) Cape Canaveral SLC-17B McDonnell Douglas
Aurora 2 GE Alascom Geostationary Communication In orbit Successful
30 May
08:04:03 		Soyuz-U2 Baikonur Site 1/5 RVSN
Progress M-8 MOM Low Earth, docked to Mir Resupply Mir 16 August 1991 Successful

June

4 June
08:10:00 		Tsyklon-3 Plesetsk Site 32/2 RVSN
Okean-3 MOM Low Earth Oceanography In orbit Successful
5 June
13:24:51 		Space Shuttle Columbia Kennedy LC-39B United Space Alliance
STS-40 NASA Low Earth Manned orbital flight 14 June 1991 Successful
SLS-1 (Spacelab) ESA / NASA Low Earth Biological research In orbit Successful
11 June
05:41 		Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 133/3 RVSN
Kosmos 2150 (Strela-2M) MO SSSR Low Earth Communication In orbit Successful
13 June
15:41 		Tsyklon-3 Plesetsk RVSN
Kosmos 2151 (Tselina-R) MO SSSR Low Earth ELINT In orbit Successful
18 June
09:09 		Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 43/4 RVSN
Molniya-1-81 MOM Molniya Communication In orbit Successful
25 June Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 132/1 RVSN
Taifun-2-28 MO SSSR Intended: Low Earth Radar calibration 25 June 1991 Failure
Second stage malfunction
28 June
08:09:59 		Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 43/3 RVSN
Resurs-F-11 MOM Low Earth Remote sensing 21 July 1991 Successful
29 June
14:00 		Scout G-1 Vandenberg SLC-5 NASA
REX-1 (P89-1A / ISES) US Air Force / STP Low Earth (Polar) Technology demonstration In orbit Successful

Suborbital launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January-March

17 January Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 17 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
19 January Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 19 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 19 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 19 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
20 January
18:43 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 20 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 20 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
21 January
08:29 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 21 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 21 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
21 January
09:42 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 21 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 21 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 21 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 21 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
21 January
19:18 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Al Jubayl 21 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
22 January
00:41 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 22 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 22 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 22 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
Aimed at US Air Force base, intercepted by Patriot ABM, warhead fell on a civilian

neighbourhood.

22 January
04:10 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 22 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 22 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 22 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
Aimed at US Air Force base. Intercepted by Patriot ABM, but still hit target.
22 January Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 22 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
22 January Zhinui 3 Haikou Space Centre, Hainan CALT
CALT Sub-orbital Test flight 22 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi)
23 January
19:54 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 23 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 23 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 23 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 23 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 23 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
25 January
19:23 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 25 January 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 25 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
Aimed at Coalition headquarters, intercepted by Patriot ABM, hit Saudi Department of Interior.
25 January Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 25 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
26 January
00:28 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 26 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
26 January
06:25 		Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
NASA / JHU Sub-orbital Ultraviolet Astronomy 26 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
26 January
19:46 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 26 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
26 January Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 26 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
28 January
17:55 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 28 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
Aimed at downtown Riyadh, intercepted by Patriot ABM, debris damaged a farm.
28 January
18:24:24 		ERIS Meck Island, Kwajalein Atoll US Air Force
ERIS US Air Force Sub-orbital Interceptor test 28 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi)
Intercepted Aries rocket
28 January
18:03:00 		Minuteman IB Vandenberg LF-03 US Air Force
US Air Force Sub-orbital Target 28 January 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
2 February, 21:41 Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 2 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
2 February Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 2 February 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 2 February 1991 Successful
6 February
07:29 		LCLV Wallops Island Orbital Sciences
NRL Sub-orbital Plasma research 6 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 510 kilometres (320 mi)
6 February
17:30 		MR-12 Kapustin Yar MO SSSR
MO SSSR Sub-orbital Plasma research 6 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi)
7 February
08:15 		RT-2PM Topol Plesetsk RVSN
RVSN Sub-orbital Missile test 7 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
7 February
22:54 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 7 February 1991 Successful
11 February
19:20 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 11 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
11 February Prithvi Sriharikota DRDL
DRDL Sub-orbital Missile test 11 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
12 February
03:29 		S-520 Andøya ISAS
ISAS Sub-orbital Auroral 12 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 353 kilometres (219 mi)
12 February
09:11:54 		Black Brant XII Poker Flat NASA
TOPAZ-3 NASA Sub-orbital Plasma research 12 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
14 February
08:45 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack King Khalid Military City 14 February 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Hafir Al Batin 14 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi),
hit King Khalid Military City.
15 February
23:01 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Al Jubayl 15 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
16 February
13:00 		S-520 Kagoshima LA-K ISAS
ISAS Sub-orbital Ultraviolet Astronomy 16 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 337 kilometres (209 mi)
18 February
14:30 		Strypi-XI Barking Sands LC-1 SDIO
Bow Shock 2 SDIO Sub-orbital Reentry Test 18 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi)
21 February
14:06 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack King Khalid Military City 21 February 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack King Khalid Military City 21 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
21 February
18:00 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack King Khalid Military City 21 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
21 February
23:31 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Bahrain 21 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
22 February
19:46 		Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
NASA Sub-orbital Solar research 22 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
23 February
01:59 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 23 February 1991 Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 23 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
24 February
01:32 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 24 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
Aimed at Coalition headquarters, intercepted by Patriot ABM, debris fell on a school.
24 February
06:23 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 24 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
24 February
09:17 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Riyadh 24 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
24 February Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel 24 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
25 February
17:32 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Dhahran 25 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
Hit US Army barracks, killing 28 and injuring 110.
25 February
22:26 		Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Qatar 25 February 1991 Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
February Al Hussein Iraq IQAF
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel Within an hour of launch Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel Within an hour of launch Successful
High Explosive warhead IQAF Sub-orbital Attack Israel Within an hour of launch Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
12 March LGM-118 Peacekeeper Vandenberg LF-02 US Air Force
US Air Force Sub-orbital Operational test flight 12 March 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
18 March
10:15 		Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
SXT NASA / University of Colorado, Boulder Sub-orbital X-ray astronomy 18 March 1991 Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
19 March UGM-96 Trident I (Trident C-4) Submarine, WTR US Navy
US Navy Sub-orbital Operational test flight 19 March 1991 Successful
US Navy Sub-orbital Operational test flight 19 March 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
23 March
07:00 		Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
MAMA NASA Sub-orbital Ultraviolet Astronomy 23 March 1991 Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
30 March
02:27 		Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
NASA Sub-orbital Aeronomy 30 March 1991 Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)

April-June

5 April
14:05 		RT-2PM Topol Plesetsk RVSN
RVSN Sub-orbital Missile test 5 April 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
9 April
17:50 		Skylark 7 Esrange LA-S DLR
SISSI-4 DLR Sub-orbital Aeronomy 9 April 1991 Successful
Apogee: 245 kilometres (152 mi)
9 April
18:18 		Viper 3A Esrange DLR
PMSE DLR Sub-orbital Aeronomy 9 April 1991 Successful
Apogee: 110 kilometres (68 mi)
9 April
19:20 		Viper 3A Esrange DLR
PMSE DLR Sub-orbital Aeronomy 9 April 1991 Successful
Apogee: 110 kilometres (68 mi)
12 April HPB Wallops Island Orbital Sciences
Orbital Sciences Sub-orbital Target 12 April 1991 Successful
Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi)
15 April
22:10 		UGM-133 Trident II (Trident D-5) USS West Virginia, ETR US Navy
DASO-6 US Navy Sub-orbital Operational test flight 15 April 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
17 April
07:46 		Black Brant 10CM1 Wallops Island SDIO
SPFE-2 SDIO Sub-orbital Technology demonstration 17 April 1991 Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
18 April
18:33 		MGM-134 Midgetman Vandenberg TP-01 US Air Force
US Air Force Sub-orbital Missile test 18 April 1991 Successful
Final flight of the Midgetman
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
25 April
18:00 		Nike Orion Poker Flat NASA
CWAS-19 NASA Sub-orbital Aeronomy 25 April 1991 Successful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
29 April Sonda-3 Barreira do Inferno IAE
INPE Sub-orbital Ionospheric research 29 April 1991 Successful
Apogee: 441 kilometres (274 mi)
30 April
19:19 		Nike Orion Poker Flat NASA
CWAS-20 NASA Sub-orbital Aeronomy 30 April 1991 Failure
Apogee: 10 kilometres (6.2 mi)
4 May
04:10 		Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
JASPR-I NASA Sub-orbital Ultraviolet Astronomy 4 May 1991 Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
7 May
18:05 		Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
SERTS-4 NASA Sub-orbital Solar research 7 May 1991 Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
8 May
03:54:00 		Maxus Esrange SSC
SSC Sub-orbital Microgravity 8 May 1991 Failure
Apogee: 157 kilometres (98 mi)
10 May UGM-96 Trident I (Trident C-4) USS Mariano G. Vallejo, ETR US Navy
FCET US Navy Sub-orbital Operational test flight 10 May 1991 Successful
FCET US Navy Sub-orbital Operational test flight 10 May 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
11 May
20:40 		Minuteman IB Vandenberg LF-03 US Air Force
US Air Force Sub-orbital Target 11 May 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
Interceptor launch scrubbed
13 May
19:03 		Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
MSSTA-I NASA Sub-orbital X-ray astronomy 13 May 1991 Successful
Apogee: 230 kilometres (140 mi)
20 May
07:30 		Aries White Sands LC-36 NASA
SXT (XOGS) NASA Sub-orbital X-ray astronomy 20 May 1991 Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
28 May
12:05 		R-36MUTTH (SS-18 Mod 4) Baikonur RVSN
RVSN Sub-orbital Operational test flight 28 May 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
May Hwasong-6 Qom DPRK
DPRK Sub-orbital Missile test Within an hour of launch Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
11 June
17:47 		LGM-118 Peacekeeper Vandenberg LF-08 US Air Force
US Air Force Sub-orbital Operational test flight 11 June 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
18 June
11:34 		Prospector Cape Canaveral LC-20 Orbital Sciences
Orbital Sciences Sub-orbital Microgravity 18 June 1991 Failure
Apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi)
21 June Minuteman IB Vandenberg LF-03 US Air Force
US Air Force Sub-orbital Re-entry vehicle test 21 June 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
24 June SSBS S3 Biscarrosse BLB DMA
DMA Sub-orbital Operational test flight 24 June 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
25 June
17:00 		RT-2PM Topol Plesetsk RVSN
RVSN Sub-orbital Missile test 25 June 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
26 June
02:39 		Minuteman III Vandenberg LF-26 US Air Force
GT-144GB US Air Force Sub-orbital Operational test flight 26 June 1991 Successful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)

References

  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
  • "Rocket Launch Manifest". Next Spaceflight.
Generic references:
Spaceflight portal
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