Members of the 111th United States Congress

The 111th United States Congress, in session from 2009 to 2010, consisted of 541 elected officials from 50 states, five territories, and the District of Columbia. It is the federal legislature of the United States of America, continuing an unbroken chain dating back to the 1st Congress in 1789.

The Senate has 100 members; the House of Representatives has 435 members and six non-voting delegates.

In the Senate, there were 17 women: Barbara Boxer (D-CA), Maria Cantwell (D-WA), Susan Collins (R-ME), Kay Hagan (D-NC), Dianne Feinstein (D-CA), Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY), Kay Bailey Hutchison (R-TX), Amy Klobuchar (D-MN), Mary Landrieu (D-LA), Blanche Lincoln (D-AR), Claire McCaskill (D-MO), Barbara Mikulski (D-MD), Lisa Murkowski (R-AK), Patty Murray (D-WA), Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH), Olympia Snowe (R-ME), and Debbie Stabenow (D-MI).

There were 13 Jewish Americans, 2 Cuban Americans (Bob Menendez, D-NJ and Ted Cruz, R-TX), 1 Native Hawaiian (Daniel Akaka, D-HI) and 1 African American, Roland Burris (D-IL). The average age of senators in 2007 was 62 years.^[1] The oldest senator was Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ), born January 23, 1924. The youngest senator was Carte Goodwin (D-WV), born February 27, 1974. The median age of all Americans was 38 years.^[2]

The top five religious affiliations in the 111th Congress were Roman Catholic (30.1%), Baptist (12.4%), Methodist (10.7%), Jewish (8.4%), and Presbyterian (8.1%).^[3] Protestant denominations have held a large majority throughout congressional history, reflecting American's traditional demographics. In the 111th Congress, 54.7% of seats were held by members of Protestant denominations.

45 Jews served in the 111th Congress. Eleven representatives and six senators were Mormons. Senator Olympia Snowe, as well as Representatives John Sarbanes, Zack Space, Gus Bilirakis, Dina Titus, Niki Tsongas and Melissa Bean are Eastern Orthodox Christians.

In 2007, Keith Ellison of Minnesota became the first practicing Muslim to become a member of the United States Congress. He was joined by André Carson of Indiana following a special election on March 11, 2008. Mazie Hirono of Hawaii and Hank Johnson of Georgia became the first 2 Buddhists to be elected to the United States Congress on November 7, 2006. Johnson is a member of the Soka Gakkai movement and Hirono is a member of the Jodo Shinshu sect, although she is non-practicing. Both are Japanese Buddhist oriented.

Senator Kent Conrad (D-N.D.) and Representatives Walt Minnick (D-Idaho) and Pete Stark (D-CA) were the only Unitarian Universalists that served in the 111th Congress. In a response to a March 2007 survey from the Secular Coalition for America, Rep. Pete Stark became the only open atheist in the history of Congress.^[4] 1 member of the 111th Congress was a Quaker, Representative Rush Holt (D-NJ).

Nine members of the 111th Congress were categorized Not Given / Unspecified / Unavailable / Don't Know.

Hawaii was the only state that held a majority non-Christian House delegation; both representatives Mazie Hirono and Colleen Hanabusa are Buddhists.

There were six openly lesbian, gay, or bisexual members in the history of Congress. Gerry Studds (elected in 1972) became the first openly gay man to serve in congress when he publicly announced his sexuality in 1982.^[5] Barney Frank (serving since 1981) first spoke publicly about his sexual orientation in 1987.^[6] Steve Gunderson, elected in 1980 and outed in 1994,^[7] and Jim Kolbe, elected in 1984 and outed in 1996,^[8] are 2 other previous members of Congress who were openly gay. Current Senator Tammy Baldwin is the first and so far the only open lesbian to win election to Congress.^[9] In 1998, she became the first ever openly gay person to win election to Congress as a non-incumbent. She went on to become the first openly gay person to win election to the U.S. Senate in 2012.^[10] Former California representative Michael Huffington is bisexual, but did not come out until after his term had ended.^[11] Jared Polis (who was elected in 2008 and assumed office on January 6, 2009) is the first openly gay man to have been elected to the House as a freshman. Republican representative Mark Foley's homosexuality was well known in his district, though he did not serve openly in Congress and did not come out publicly until after his term ended.^[12][13]

Members of the 111th Congress come from a variety of occupational backgrounds. As of the start of the 111th Congress, members of Congress include:

• 269 members (227 Representatives, 2 Delegates, and 40 Senators) served in state or territorial legislatures
• 214 members (182 Representatives and 33 Senators) list their occupation as public service/politics
• 225 (168 Representatives and 57 Senators) list law^[14]
• 201 (175 Representatives and 27 Senators) list business
• 94 (78 Representatives and 16 Senators) list education
• At least 112 members of the 111th Congress were former congressional staffers, including nine congressional pages.
  • Thirteen have served as White House staffers or White House Fellows, and several have served as executive branch employees
• 38 members have been mayors
  • (Sens. Mark Begich, Bob Corker, Mike Enzi, Dianne Feinstein, Jim Inhofe, Mike Johanns, Richard Lugar, Bob Menendez, Bernie Sanders, George Voinovich, Reps. Brian Bilbray, Bobby Bright, Judy Chu, Mike Capuano, Emanuel Cleaver, Lincoln Davis, Marcia Fudge, Elton Gallegly, Kay Granger, Dennis Kucinich, Kenny Marchant, Jim Marshall, Howard McKeon, Gary Miller, Harry Mitchell, Jim Moran, Sue Myrick, Grace Napolitano, Richard Neal, Bill Pascrell, Phil Roe, Steve Rothman, Albio Sires, Bennie Thompson, Mike Turner, Rob Wittman, Don Young), 13 state governors (Sens. Lamar Alexander, Mark Warner, Evan Bayh, Judd Gregg, Jay Rockefeller, Jeanne Shaheen, Kit Bond, George Voinovich, Mike Johanns, Ben Nelson, Tom Carper, Jim Risch, and Rep. Michael Castle), eleven lieutenant governors (including 2 delegates: Sens. John Kerry, Harry Reid, Jim Risch, George Voinovich, Reps. Michael Castle, Mary Fallin, John Garamendi, Mazie Hirono, Denny Rehberg, Dels. Madeleine Bordallo and Eni Faleomavaega), 1 state first lady (Olympia Snowe was first lady of Maine while she was a Congresswoman), and 1 territorial first lady (Del. Madeleine Bordallo);
• 24 members were health care professionals
  • Of the 24, 16 were medical doctors (14 Representatives and 2 Senators: family medicine specialists Rep. Vic Snyder, John C. Fleming, Paul Broun, and Del. Donna Christian-Christensen; psychiatrist Rep. Jim McDermott; ob/gyns Sen. Tom Coburn and Reps. Michael C. Burgess, Ron Paul, Phil Roe, and Phil Gingrey; allergist Rep. Steve Kagen; hepatologist/gastroenterologist Rep. Bill Cassidy; heart surgeon Rep. Charles Boustany; radiation oncologist Rep. Parker Griffith; orthopedic surgeons Sen. John Barrasso and Rep. Tom Price). Of the 16, 12 represent districts or states in the South (three are from Louisiana); 12 are Republicans and four are Democrats.^[15]
  • Three nurses (Reps. Carolyn McCarthy, Lois Capps, and Eddie Bernice Johnson)
  • 2 dentists (Reps. John Linder and Mike Simpson)
  • 2 veterinarians (Rep. Kurt Schrader and Sen. John Ensign)
  • 1 psychologist (Rep. Brian Baird), an optometrist (Rep. John Boozman), a clinical dietician (Rep. Kathy Dahlkemper), and a pharmacist (Rep. Robert Marion Berry);
• Nine members were involved with agriculture:
  • Three organic farmers (including Sen. Jon Tester and Rep. Mike Thompson),
  • Three ranchers,
  • 2 vintners (Reps. George Radanovich and Mike Thompson),
  • 1 fruit orchard worker;
• Seven members were involved in music, film, or sports, including 2 professional musicians and a semi-professional musician, a screenwriter, a documentary filmmaker, as well as a Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher (Sen. Jim Bunning) and a National Football League quarterback (Rep. Heath Shuler).
• Five members are engineers (including Reps. Joe Barton, Cliff Stearns, Pete Stark).
• Six members are scientists: three physicists (Reps. Rush Holt, Bill Foster, and Vern Ehlers),^[16] a chemist (Rep. Ed Pastor^[17]), a microbiologist (Rep. Louise Slaughter), and a physiologist (Rep. Roscoe Bartlett).
• Six members are former automobile dealers.
• Six members worked in media: 1 radio talk show host, 1 radio/television broadcaster, 1 radio broadcaster, 1 newscaster, 1 television reporter, and 1 television commentator
• Five members are former Peace Corps volunteers (Sen. Chris Dodd and Reps. Mike Honda, Sam Farr, Tom Petri, and Steve Driehaus)
• Five members are former accountants (Rep. Mike Conaway)
• Four members are ministers
• Four members were sheriffs (Rep. Dave Reichert), 1 a deputy sheriff, four police officers (including a Capitol policeman), 2 state troopers (Rep. Kendrick Meek of the Florida Highway Patrol and Rep. Bart Stupak of the Michigan State Police), 2 probation officers, 1 FBI special agent, 1 Border Patrol chief, and 1 volunteer firefighter
• 2 members have served as members of the Cabinet (Sens. Lamar Alexander and Mike Johanns), three served as state supreme court justices (Rep. Lloyd Doggett, Sen. John Cornyn), and 1 each was Secretary of the Navy (Sen. Jim Webb), a United States Navy vice admiral, a Deputy Assistant Secretary of State, a Department of Defense counterterrorism consultant, an ambassador, and a federal judge (Alcee Hastings)
• 1 member served as a parliamentary aide in the British House of Commons and 1 served as a Foreign Service Officer.
• 1 member has been an astronaut, 1 a naval aviator, 1 a commander of a carrier battle group (Rep. Joe Sestak, a retired vice admiral and the highest-ranking former serviceman in Congress), 2 were instructors at West Point (Rep. Patrick Murphy) and (Rep. Thomas Rooney), and 1 a pilot of Marine One, the presidential helicopter
• Many members have other professions: There were three carpenters, 2 bank tellers, a driving instructor, a cosmetics saleswoman, a mountain guide, a ski instructor; a casino dealer, a night watchman, a prison guard, a furniture salesman, an ironworker (Rep. Stephen Lynch), an autoworker, a clothing factory worker, a textile worker, an oilfield worker, a mortician, a coroner, a waitress (Rep. Shelley Berkley), a Teamster and dairy worker, a paper mill worker (Rep. Mike Michaud), a cement plant worker (Rep. Maurice Hinchey), a meat cutter (Sen. Robert Byrd), a shellfish specialist (Rep. Rob Wittman), a tugboat captain (Rep. Don Young), a taxicab driver, an auctioneer, a toll booth collector, and a hotel clerk.

Some members of the 111th Congress had served in the United States armed forces; some are combat veterans. There were 167 veterans in the 107th Congress, 153 in the 108th Congress, 126 in the 110th Congress, and 121 in the 111th Congress.^[18][19] Some were still serving as reservists during their tenure.

On December 17, 2012, Senators Frank Lautenberg and Daniel Akaka became the last remaining World War II veterans in the Senate after Senator Daniel Inouye died of respiratory complications. Representatives Ralph Hall and John Dingell were the final remaining WWII veterans in the House of Representatives, though Representative Hall lost his 2014 primary battle and Dean of the House Dingell retired at the end of that same congress. On January 3, 2013, Senator Lautenberg was the final remaining WWII veteran serving in the senate until his untimely death on June 3, 2013.

Sen. Jim Webb (D-VA), a Marine Corps veteran, served in Vietnam as platoon commander with Delta Company, 1st Battalion 5th Marines; he earned a Navy Cross, Silver Star, 2 Bronze Stars, and 2 Purple Hearts. Sen. John McCain (R-AZ) served in Vietnam as a naval aviator. Shot down during his 23rd bombing mission over Vietnam in 1967, McCain was captured and tortured as a prisoner of war and was finally released in March 1973. He earned the Silver Star, Bronze Star, Purple Heart, Distinguished Flying Cross, Navy Commendation Medal and the Prisoner of War Medal, though it was created years after his release.

African Americans currently make up about 13% of the US population, but have historically been underrepresented in Congress. In the 111th Congress, 42 members (9.5%) of the House were African American. As of 2010, there was 1 African-American serving in the Senate. Roland Burris was sworn in as senator on January 15, 2009, after being appointed by Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich. Following the end of Burris's tenure in the Senate and his replacement by Republican Mark Kirk on November 29, 2010, there were once again no African Americans serving in the Senate. Barack Obama previously held Burris's seat but resigned from his position on November 16, 2008, after winning the presidential election of 2008 and becoming the first African American to be elected President of the United States. Until the emancipation of enslaved African Americans after the Civil War and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1866, blacks were generally barred from voting outside of the Northeast. As a result of these new laws, Joseph Rainey and Jefferson F. Long won election to Congress in majority-black districts and Hiram Rhodes Revels was appointed as senator from Mississippi (then a majority-black state) in 1870. However, the end of Reconstruction in 1876 marked a weakening of black rights and by 1901, when George Henry White left the House after losing a reelection bid, there were no African Americans left in Congress.

In 1929, Oscar Stanton de Priest became the first African American congressman since White. He and his successor, Arthur W. Mitchell, spent their tenure as the only African Americans in Congress while representing a majority-black House district in Chicago. Not until the election of Adam Clayton Powell Jr. of New York City's Harlem did Congress feature 2 African Americans serving at the same time in the modern era. The Voting Rights Act of 1965, which strengthened black voting rights, increased the position of black office-seekers. Shirley Chisholm became the first African American female member of Congress when she won a 1968 election in New York, while Andrew Young of Georgia became the first modern African American congressman from the South after he won election in 1972. In 1970, a year that saw the election of four black freshman congressman, black membership in the House reached double-digits.

Only eight African Americans have served in the U.S. Senate. Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce both served during Reconstruction in then majority-black Mississippi. Popularly elected black senators are Edward Brooke (served 1967–79), Carol Moseley Braun (served 1993–99 as the first black female senator), Barack Obama (served 2005–08), and Cory Booker (2013-). Roland Burris (served 2008–2010) was appointed to finish the term of then-president-elect Obama, and Tim Scott was appointed in January 2013 to finish the term of Jim DeMint, who left the Senate to head the Heritage Foundation.^[20] Brooke served in Massachusetts, while Braun, Obama, and Burris each held the same Illinois seat. Scott serves from South Carolina and was the first African-American U.S. senator from the South since Reconstruction. Booker won a special election in October 2013 and was the first African-American senator from New Jersey. He was elected to finish the term of the late Frank Lautenberg, who died in June 2013.^[21] Both Scott and Booker face reelection in 2014 and, should they run and win, would become the first elected African-American U.S. senators to serve in the chamber concurrently.

Representation of Hispanics is somewhat complex; particularly, because of the different ways to define membership in this group. Hispanics represent over 14% of the U.S. population, while the Senate was 3% Hispanic and the House was approximately 5% (25 members) Hispanic. Considering that Hispanics make up only 4% of American voters, Hispanic political incorporation has been relatively high compared with previous immigrant groups. The Congressional Hispanic Caucus^[22] has 21 members. José Manuel Gallegos, a Mexican American, was the first Hispanic in Congress. He was the first delegate to the US Congress from the Territory of New Mexico. The first to represent a state was Romualdo Pacheco, a Mexican American, who represented California in 1877. In 1929, Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo of New Mexico became the first Hispanic to be elected to the United States Senate. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, a Cuban American first elected in 1989, was the first Hispanic woman in Congress. While Hispanic women have served in House, none have been elected to the Senate.

Unlike black Americans, Hispanics never were legally barred from the polls, and in New Mexico and California, they were a large and influential minority. Since the election of Dennis Chavez and Joachim O. Fernández to the House in 1931, Hispanics have continuously been represented in Congress. Most Hispanic members of Congress, including all elected prior to 1970, were of Mexican descent with the exception of Herman Badillo, who won election in 1970, becoming the first Puerto Rican from a mainland state in Congress. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen was elected in 1989 as the first Cuban American congresswoman.

Prior to 2005, only three Hispanics have won a term in the U.S. Senate. These members were Octaviano Larrazola (served 1928–29), Dennis Chavez (formerly of the House, and served 1935–62), and Joseph Montoya (also formerly a House member, served 1964–77), all of Mexican descent. However, 2 Hispanics won Senate seats in 2004, Ken Salazar and Mel Martinez (the first Cuban American senator). As of the 113th Congress, there are three Hispanics in the US Senate: Bob Menendez, a Democrat from New Jersey; Marco Rubio, a Republican from Florida; and Ted Cruz, Republican of Texas. They are all Cuban-American.

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders have a high level of political incorporation in terms of their actual voting population. However, as a result of this group's historically low voting rates, overall political incorporation of the general population was relatively low. The population of this group has increased in size by 600% in the last 30 years due to immigration. Despite high levels of naturalization and voter outreach efforts, this primarily foreign-born community with less than 1% of voters has 2% of congressional population. As 4.4% of the total population in the United States falls into this category, this 2% still represents less than half of the total Asian American and Pacific Islander population.

There were eight members of Asian or Islander descent in the House and three in the Senate. Senator Daniel Inouye and Representatives Mike Honda, Doris Matsui, and Mazie Hirono are all Japanese Americans. Senator Daniel Akaka is a Native Hawaiian, Delegate Eni Faleomavaega is a Samoan, and Joseph Cao is a Vietnamese American. Bobby Scott of Virginia, who is also half African American, has Filipino American ancestry. Steve Austria of Ohio also claims Filipino American ethnicity. John Ensign of Nevada has claimed that he is 1⁄8 Filipino American, enlarging the number of those who claim to be Filipino American in Congress to the highest point since the Philippine Islands had been represented as a territory. Judy Chu became the first Chinese American woman in Congress when she won a special election in 2009. David Wu of Oregon is Taiwanese American.

Robert William Wilcox, a Native Hawaiian who served as Hawaiian territorial delegate from 1900 to 1903, was the first Pacific Islander chosen to serve in Congress. Benito Legarda y Tuason and Pablo Ocampo joined the House in 1907 as Resident Commissioners, becoming the first Asian Americans to serve in the Congress, and beginning the representation of the Philippines which ended in 1947. Dalip Singh Saund (served 1957–63) was the first South Asian American in Congress and was one of only two Indian Americans to be elected to the legislature. Hiram Fong, who served three decades in the Senate from 1959 to 1977, is the first and one of only two Chinese American members to have entered Congress. Daniel Inouye (serving since 1959) was the first Japanese American in the House and later the first in Senate. Patsy Mink (served 1965–77 and again from 1990 to 2002) was the first Asian American woman in Congress. Bobby Scott, elected in 1993, was the first US born member of Congress to have Filipino ancestry. David Wu, elected in 1998, was the only person of Taiwanese ancestry to serve in Congress at the time, while in 2009, Joseph Cao became the first Vietnamese American in the legislature.

Only five members of the U.S. Senate have ever been of Asian American or Pacific Islander backgrounds. Four of these politicians have been from Hawaii.

Compared with the European American, African American, Latino, and Asian/Pacific American communities, American Indians, who comprise 1.5% of the population, are the most underrepresented group. Tom Cole, a Chickasaw, and Markwayne Mullin, a Cherokee, are the only registered American Indians currently in Congress. Tracking Native American members of Congress is complex, since many people of mixed blood are not registered as part of the American Indian population. Charles Curtis, who was three-eighths Native American and had ancestry from a variety of different tribes, was elected in 1892 as the first U.S. representative from this group. Curtis accomplished several other firsts during his political tenure. He became the first American Indian to serve in the US Senate (in office 1907–13 and 1915–29), to lead a major party (served as Republican Senate Majority Leader from 1925 to 1929), and to obtain the office of Vice President.

Several of the nation's major tribes have been represented in Congress in limited number. Charles David Carter (served 1907–27) was the first Chickasaw in Congress; William Wirt Hastings (served 1915–35) was the first Cherokee in the legislature; Ben Reifel (served 1961–71) was the first Sioux to win election to the body. Other than Curtis, only a few members of the U.S. Senate have been American Indians. Robert Latham Owen (served 1907–25) and Ben Nighthorse Campbell (served 1993–2005 after several previous terms in the House and the first Cheyenne in Congress) are the others to have earned that distinction.

Middle Eastern Americans also have typically low levels of voting incorporation; except, among a particular voting group. As a group, Middle Eastern Americans are not measured by the U.S. census, which, combined with differences in the definition of this group, makes measuring its percentage of the population difficult. Estimates place about 1.8% of the nation's population to be of this origin. Nearly all Middle Eastern members of Congress have been Lebanese Americans. George Kasem became the first Lebanese congressman when he won his first and only term in 1958. Since Abraham Kazen took office in 1967, serving until 1985, Lebanese Americans have consistently served in Congress. There are currently 2 Lebanese members of the House: Charles Boustany, and Darrell Issa.

Five members of the U.S. Senate have been of Middle Eastern descent, all five with Arab American ancestry and four of Lebanese descent. James Abourezk, who served from 1973 to 1979, became the first Lebanese American Senator. George Mitchell (served 1980–95), who is half Lebanese, became the first Middle Eastern American party leader, as he served as Senate Majority Leader from 1989 to 1995. James Abdnor (served 1981–87) and Spencer Abraham (served 1995–2001) also were Lebanese American senators, while John Sununu was the only person of Palestinian ancestry to serve in Congress. Member of Congress Anna Eshoo is also of Middle Eastern descent, she is an Assyrian.

Two Senators were born overseas to U.S. citizen parents, John McCain of Arizona and Michael Bennet of Colorado, (who were born in the Panama Canal Zone and India, respectively. Senator Ted Cruz (Texas) was born in Canada to a Cuban (U.S. permanent resident) father and a native-born American mother.

There were eight current Representatives who were born overseas—Lincoln Diaz-Balart, Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, and Albio Sires from Cuba; Mazie Hirono from Japan; Ciro Rodriguez from Mexico; Pete Hoekstra from the Netherlands; and David Wu from Taiwan. Foreign-born Congresspersons comprised 2% of the voting membership of the House. This figure does not include four members who were born overseas to U.S. citizen parents: Geoff Davis (Canada), Chris Van Hollen (Pakistan), James A. Himes (Peru), and Diana DeGette (Japan).^[23]

A majority of members of the 111th Congress fall into this category. This includes Chuck Grassley (president pro-tempore of the Senate), Nancy Pelosi (Speaker of the House of Representatives), Chuck Schumer (Democratic Senate Leader), Mitch McConnell (Republican Senate Leader), and Kevin McCarthy (Republican House Leader).

Elections for all House seats and 35 Senate seats were held on November 4, 2008, across the country. The Democratic Party increased its majority in both houses, and regained control of the White House before the end of the second term of George W. Bush. Summary of the 2008 United States Senate elections results

Parties									Total
		Democratic	Republican	Independent	Libertarian	Independence	Green	Others
Before these elections		49	49	2	—	—	—	—	100
Not up	Class 1 (2006→2012)	22	8	2	—	—	—	—	31
	Class 3 (2004→2010)	15	19	—	—	—	—	—	34
	Total	37	26	2	—	—	—	—	65
Up	Class 1	—	2	—	—	—	—	—	2
	Class 2	12	21	—	—	—	—	—	33
	Total	12	23	—	—	—	—	—	35
Incumbent retired	Total before	—	5	—	—	—	—	—	5
	Held by same party	—	2	—	—	—	—	—	2
	Replaced by other party	3 Republicans replaced by 3 Democrats		—	—	—	—	—	3
	Result after	3	2	—	—	—	—	—	5
Incumbent ran	Total before	12	18	—	—	—	—	—	30
	Won election	12	13	—	—	—	—	—	25
	Lost election	5 Republicans replaced by 5 Democrats		—	—	—	—	—	5
	Result after	17	13	—	—	—	—	—	30
Net gain/loss		8	8	—	—	—	—	—	8
Total elected		20	15	—	—	—	—	—	35
Nation-wide vote	Votes[A]	33,650,061	28,863,067	176,752	798,154	450,702	427,427	496,124	64,862,287
	Share	51.88%	44.50%	0.27%	1.23%	0.69%	0.66%	0.76%	100%
Result		57	41	2	—	—	—	—	100

Sources:

• Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives^[24]
• U.S. Senate Popular Vote and FEC Total Receipts by Party, via TheGreenPapers.com
• "U.S. Senate (Full results)". CNN. July 1, 2009. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
• "The Green Papers 2008 U.S. Senate Popular Vote and FEC Total Receipts by Party". The Green Papers. Retrieved November 19, 2008.

2008 United States House of Representatives elections

November 4, 2008
All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives[a] 218 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader Nancy Pelosi John Boehner Party Democratic Republican Leader since January 3, 2003 January 3, 2007 Leader's seat California 8th Ohio 8th Last election 233 seats, 52.3% 202 seats, 44.3% Seats before 236 199 Seats won 257 178 Seat change 21 21 Popular vote 65,237,840 52,249,491 Percentage 53.2% 42.6% Swing 0.9pp 1.7pp
Results:      Democratic hold      Democratic gain      Republican hold      Republican gain
Speaker before election Nancy Pelosi Democratic Elected Speaker Nancy Pelosi Democratic

The 2008 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 4, 2008, to elect members to the United States House of Representatives to serve in the 111th United States Congress from January 3, 2009, until January 3, 2011. It coincided with the election of Barack Obama as president. All 435 voting seats, as well as all 6 non-voting seats, were up for election. The Democratic Party, which won a majority of seats in the 2006 election, expanded its control in 2008.

The Republican Party, hoping to regain the majority it lost in the 2006 election or at least expand its congressional membership, lost additional seats. With one exception (Louisiana's 2nd district), the only seats to switch from Democratic to Republican had been Republican-held prior to the 2006 elections. Republicans gained five Democratic seats total, while losing 26 of their own, giving the Democrats a net gain of 21 seats, effectively erasing all gains made by the GOP since 1994.^[25] In addition, with the defeat of Republican congressman Chris Shays in Connecticut's 4th district, this became the first time since the 1850s that no Republican represented the New England region.^[26][27]

The 10.6% popular vote advantage by the Democrats was the largest by either party since 1982, 26 years earlier, and as of 2024 remains the most recent time that either party won by a double-digit margin in the overall popular vote for the House of Representatives.^[28] Turnout increased due to the concurrent presidential election.

As of 2024, this remains the last election in which Democrats won House seats in Idaho, North Dakota, and South Dakota; and the last election in which Democrats won a majority of seats in Arkansas, Indiana, Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. It is also the last time Republicans won the Delaware seat.

↓

257	178
Democratic	Republican

Party		Voting members[29][30]				Non-voting members[31]
		Votes	Percentage	Seats	+/−	Votes	Percentage	Seats	+/−
	▌Democratic[A]	65,237,840	53.2%	257	21	1,952,133	94.3%	4	1
	Republican	52,249,491	42.6%	178	21	1,919	0.1%	0	1
	Libertarian	1,083,096	0.9%	0		—	—	0
	Independent[B]	982,761	0.8%	0		21,574	1.0%	2	1
	Green	580,263	0.5%	0		14,386	0.7%	0
	Constitution	179,261	0.1%	0		—	—	0
	Independence	168,939	0.1%	0		—	—	0
Others		2,066,229	1.7%
Totals		122,547,880[32]	100.0%	435	—	2,069,306	100.0%	6	1
Voter turnout

Popular vote Democratic   53.23% Republican   42.64% Libertarian   0.88% Green   0.47% Others   2.78%

House seats Democratic   59.08% Republican   40.92%

State	Total seats	Democratic		Republican
		Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	7	3	1	4	1
Alaska	1	0		1
Arizona	8	5	1	3	1
Arkansas	4	3		1
California	53	34		19
Colorado	7	5	1	2	1
Connecticut	5	5	1	0	1
Delaware	1	0		1
Florida	25	10	1	15	1
Georgia	13	6		7
Hawaii	2	2		0
Idaho	2	1	1	1	1
Illinois	19	12	1	7	1
Indiana	9	5		4
Iowa	5	3		2
Kansas	4	1	1	3	1
Kentucky	6	2		4
Louisiana	7	1	2	6	2
Maine	2	2		0
Maryland	8	7	1	1	1
Massachusetts	10	10		0
Michigan	15	8	2	7	2
Minnesota	8	5		3
Mississippi	4	3		1
Missouri	9	4		5
Montana	1	0		1
Nebraska	3	0		3
Nevada	3	2	1	1	1
New Hampshire	2	2		0
New Jersey	13	8	1	5	1
New Mexico	3	3	2	0	2
New York	29	26	3	3	3
North Carolina	13	8	1	5	1
North Dakota	1	1		0
Ohio	18	10	3	8	3
Oklahoma	5	1		4
Oregon	5	4		1
Pennsylvania	19	12	1	7	1
Rhode Island	2	2		0
South Carolina	6	2		4
South Dakota	1	1		0
Tennessee	9	5		4
Texas	32	12	1	20	1
Utah	3	1		2
Vermont	1	1		0
Virginia	11	6	3	5	3
Washington	9	6		3
West Virginia	3	2		1
Wisconsin	8	5		3
Wyoming	1	0		1
Total	435	257	21	178	21

^A The number of non-voting members also includes the non-voting member-elect from Puerto Rico, Pedro Pierluisi, who is a member of the New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico, but will caucus with the Democrats. The New Progressive Party is affiliated with both the Democratic and Republican Parties and the last representative from Puerto Rico, Luis Fortuño, caucused with the Republicans. The vote total for the non-voting members also includes the Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico, which has ties to the Democratic Party.

^B Both non-voting independents, American Samoa's representative Eni Faleomavaega and the Northern Mariana Islands' representative-elect Gregorio Sablan, will caucus with the Democrats. In America Samoa all elections are non-partisan.^[33] In the Northern Mariana Islands, Sablan appeared on the ballot as an independent.^[34]

• Popular vote by states
• House results shaded by margin
• Net changes to U.S. House seats after the 2008 elections
• Seating Chart

Thirty-three incumbents voluntarily retired.^[35]

All seven seats held by retiring Democrats were won by Democrats.

1. Alabama 5: Bud Cramer: "To spend more time with my family and begin another chapter in my life"^[36]
2. California 12: Tom Lantos: died February 11, 2008, having already announced his planned retirement.
3. Colorado 2: Mark Udall: Ran for and won the U.S. Senate seat vacated by Wayne Allard.
4. Maine 1: Tom Allen: Ran against and lost to Susan Collins in the U.S. Senate election.
5. New Mexico 3: Tom Udall: Ran for and won the U.S. Senate seat vacated by Pete Domenici.
6. New York 21: Michael McNulty: "[I]t's not what I want to do for the rest of my life."^[37]
7. Oregon 5: Darlene Hooley: Because of the "cumulative effect of arduous travel, the relentless demands of fund-raising and 32 years of public service"^[38]

Twenty-seven Republicans retired. Thirteen of their seats were then won by Democrats (see Open seat gains, below).

1. Alabama 2: Terry Everett: Because of age and health^[39]
2. Arizona 1: Rick Renzi: To fight federal criminal charges involving a land-swap deal^[40]
3. California 4: John Doolittle: To fight an FBI corruption investigation^[41]
4. California 52: Duncan Hunter Ran for and lost the race for the Republican nomination for president. Already planned to retire
5. Colorado 6: Tom Tancredo: Ran for and lost the race for the Republican nomination for President
6. Florida 15: Dave Weldon: To return to his medical practice^[42]
7. Illinois 11: Jerry Weller: To spend more time with his family,^[43] amid questions about his Nicaraguan land dealings, his wife's investments, and his relationship to an indicted defense contractor^[44]
8. Illinois 18: Ray LaHood (On December 19, 2008, President-elect Barack Obama announced his intention to nominate LaHood to serve as the next Secretary of Transportation.) He was later confirmed.
9. Kentucky 2: Ron Lewis
10. Louisiana 4: Jim McCrery
11. Minnesota 3: Jim Ramstad
12. Mississippi 3: Chip Pickering
13. Missouri 9: Kenny Hulshof: Ran for and lost the election for governor
14. New Jersey 3: Jim Saxton: Because of age and health^[45]
15. New Jersey 7: Mike Ferguson: To spend more time with his family^[46]
16. New Mexico 1: Heather Wilson: Ran in and lost the Republican primary for New Mexico's open U.S. Senate seat
17. New Mexico 2: Steve Pearce: Ran for and lost the election for New Mexico's open U.S. Senate seat
18. New York 13: Vito Fossella: Amid scandal following a drunk driving arrest which led to revelations of infidelity and a secret family he maintained in Virginia
19. New York 25: Jim Walsh
20. New York 26: Tom Reynolds
21. Ohio 7: Dave Hobson: "I wanted to go out on top"^[47]
22. Ohio 15: Deborah Pryce: To spend more time with her family^[48]
23. Ohio 16: Ralph Regula
24. Pennsylvania 5: John Peterson: To spend more time with his family^[49][50]
25. Puerto Rico's at-large congressional district: Luis Fortuño: Ran for and won the Governorship of Puerto Rico defeating Gov. Aníbal Acevedo Vilá^[51]
26. Virginia 11: Thomas M. Davis: "It's time for me to take a sabbatical"^[52]
27. Wyoming's at-large congressional district: Barbara Cubin^[53]

One Republican lost in a primary and the seat was eventually won by a Democrat. One Democrat lost the primary as did two Republicans. The three primary winners, however, managed to retain the seat for the same party.

1. Maryland 1: Wayne Gilchrest (R), whose seat was later won by a Democrat
2. Maryland 4: Albert Wynn (D), who subsequently resigned May 31, 2008
3. Utah 3: Chris Cannon (R)
4. Tennessee 1: David Davis (R)

Fourteen Republicans and five Democrats lost their general elections, thereby losing their seats to the other party.

Twelve seats (and one delegate's seat) held by retiring Republicans were won by Democrats. No Democratic retirements were picked up by Republicans.

Fifty-two races were decided by 10% or lower.^[55]

District	Winner	Margin
Virginia 5th	Democratic (flip)	0.23%
Louisiana 4th	Republican	0.38%
California 4th	Republican	0.49%
Alabama 2nd	Democratic (flip)	0.62%
Ohio 15th	Democratic (flip)	0.76%
Maryland 1st	Democratic (flip)	0.79%
Idaho 1st	Democratic (flip)	1.21%
New York 29th	Democratic (flip)	1.93%
Michigan 7th	Democratic (flip)	2.31%
California 44th	Republican	2.38%
Pennsylvania 3rd	Democratic (flip)	2.47%
Missouri 9th	Republican	2.51%
Louisiana 2nd	Republican (flip)	2.71%
Minnesota 6th	Republican	2.97%
Pennsylvania 11th	Democratic	3.25%
Alabama 5th	Democratic	3.58%
Nebraska 2nd	Republican	3.85%
New York 24th	Democratic	3.94%
Connecticut 4th	Democratic (flip)	3.97%
Florida 8th	Democratic (flip)	4.02%
South Carolina 1st	Republican	4.04%
New Jersey 3rd	Democratic (flip)	4.15%
Pennsylvania 6th	Republican	4.20%
Kansas 2nd	Republican (flip)	4.40%
Ohio 1st	Democratic (flip)	4.94%
Virginia 2nd	Democratic (flip)	4.94%
California 50th	Republican	5.06%
Illinois 10th	Republican	5.12%
Nevada 3rd	Democratic (flip)	5.14%
Kentucky 2nd	Republican	5.15%
Alaska at-large	Republican	5.17%
California 3rd	Republican	5.56%
Washington 8th	Republican	5.57%
New Hampshire 1st	Democratic	5.89%
Michigan 11th	Republican	6.04%
Florida 25th	Republican	6.11%
Alabama 3rd	Republican	6.91%
Texas 22nd	Republican (flip)	6.91%
Ohio 2nd	Republican	7.37%
Texas 17th	Democratic	7.48%
South Carolina 2nd	Republican	7.56%
Minnesota 3rd	Republican	7.63%
Louisiana 6th	Republican (flip)	7.82%
New Jersey 7th	Republican	8.00%
Wisconsin 8th	Democratic	8.10%
Florida 22nd	Democratic	9.36%
California 46th	Republican	9.44%
Michigan 9th	Democratic (flip)	9.45%
Arizona 5th	Democratic	9.58%
Maine 1st	Democratic	9.80%
Wyoming at-large	Republican	9.82%
Illinois 13th	Republican	9.91%

The thirteen special elections to the 110th United States Congress are listed below by election date.

In 2008 there were eight special elections for vacant seats in the United States House of Representatives, for the 110th United States Congress. In the special elections, Democrats gained three seats while keeping hold of five seats. Republicans held only one of their four seats.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Illinois 14	Dennis Hastert	Republican	1986	Incumbent resigned November 26, 2007. New member elected March 8, 2008. Democratic gain.	▌Y Bill Foster (Democratic) 52.53% ▌Jim Oberweis (Republican) 47.47%
Indiana 7	Julia Carson	Democratic	1996	Incumbent died December 17, 2007. New member elected March 11, 2008. Democratic hold.	▌Y André Carson (Democratic) 54.00% ▌Jon Elrod (Republican) 43.07% ▌Sean Shepard (Libertarian) 2.87%
California 12	Tom Lantos	Democratic	1980	Incumbent died February 11, 2008. New member elected April 8, 2008. Democratic hold.	▌Y Jackie Speier (Democratic) 77.72% ▌Greg Conlon (Republican) 9.37% ▌Michelle McMurry (Democratic) 5.33% ▌Mike Moloney (Republican) 5.30% ▌Barry Hermanson (Green) 2.28%
Louisiana 1	Bobby Jindal	Republican	2004	Incumbent resigned January 14, 2008, to become Governor of Louisiana. New member elected May 3, 2008. Republican hold.	▌Y Steve Scalise (Republican) 75.13% ▌Gilda Reed (Democratic) 22.50% ▌R. A. Galan (Independent) 1.74% ▌Anthony Gentile (Independent) 0.62%
Louisiana 6	Richard Baker	Republican	1986	Incumbent resigned February 2, 2008, to become Director of the Managed Funds Association.[56] New member elected May 3, 2008. Democratic gain.	▌Y Don Cazayoux (Democratic) 49.20% ▌Woody Jenkins (Republican) 46.27% ▌Ashley Casey (Independent) 3.68% ▌Peter J. Aranyosi (Independent) 0.44% ▌Randall T. Hayes (Constitution) 0.40%
Mississippi 1	Roger Wicker	Republican	1994	Incumbent resigned December 31, 2007, when appointed U.S. Senator. New member elected May 13, 2008. Democratic gain.	▌Y Travis Childers (Democratic) 53.78% ▌Greg Davis (Republican) 46.22%
Maryland 4	Albert Wynn	Democratic	1992	Incumbent resigned May 31, 2008, after losing renomination. New member elected June 17, 2008. Democratic hold.	▌Y Donna Edwards (Democratic) 80.54% ▌Peter James (Republican) 17.78% ▌Thibeaux Lincecum (Libertarian) 1.06%
Ohio 11	Stephanie Tubbs Jones	Democratic	1998	Incumbent died August 20, 2008. New member elected November 18, 2008. Democratic hold.	▌Y Marcia Fudge (Democratic) 97.19% Uncontested

District	CPVI[57]	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Alabama 1	R+12	Jo Bonner	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jo Bonner (Republican) 98.3%
Alabama 2	R+13	Terry Everett	Republican	1992	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Bobby Bright (Democratic) 50.2% ▌Jay Love (Republican) 49.6%
Alabama 3	R+4	Mike D. Rogers	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike D. Rogers (Republican) 54.0% ▌Josh Segall (Democratic) 45.8%
Alabama 4	R+16	Robert Aderholt	Republican	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Robert Aderholt (Republican) 74.8% ▌Nicholas Sparks (Democratic) 25.1%
Alabama 5	R+6	Bud Cramer	Democratic	1990	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Parker Griffith (Democratic) 51.5% ▌Wayne Parker (Republican) 47.9%
Alabama 6	R+25	Spencer Bachus	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Spencer Bachus (Republican) 97.8%
Alabama 7	D+17	Artur Davis	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Artur Davis (Democratic) 98.6%

District	CPVI	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Alaska at-large	R+14	Don Young	Republican	1973 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Don Young (Republican) 50.2% ▌Ethan Berkowitz (Democratic) 45.0% ▌Don Wright (AKIP) 4.5%

See Non-voting delegates, below.

District	CPVI	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Arizona 1	R+2	Rick Renzi	Republican	2002	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Ann Kirkpatrick (Democratic) 55.9% ▌Sydney Hay (Republican) 39.4% ▌Brent Maupin (Independent) 3.4% ▌Thane Eichenauer (Libertarian) 1.3%
Arizona 2	R+9	Trent Franks	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Trent Franks (Republican) 59.4% ▌John Thrasher (Democratic) 37.2% ▌Powell Gammill (Libertarian) 2.3% ▌William Crum (Green) 1.1%
Arizona 3	R+6	John Shadegg	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Shadegg (Republican) 54.1% ▌Bob Lord (Democratic) 42.1% ▌Michael Shoen (Libertarian) 3.8%
Arizona 4	D+14	Ed Pastor	Democratic	1991	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ed Pastor (Democratic) 72.1% ▌Don Karg (Republican) 21.2% ▌Rebecca DeWitt (Green) 3.6% ▌Joe Cobb (Libertarian) 3.1%
Arizona 5	R+4	Harry Mitchell	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Harry Mitchell (Democratic) 53.2% ▌David Schweikert (Republican) 43.6% ▌Warren Severin (Libertarian) 3.2%
Arizona 6	R+12	Jeff Flake	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jeff Flake (Republican) 62.5% ▌Rebecca Schneider (Democratic) 34.5% ▌Rick Biondi (Libertarian) 3.0%
Arizona 7	D+10	Raúl Grijalva	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Raúl Grijalva (Democratic) 63.3% ▌Joseph D. Sweeney (Republican) 32.8% ▌Raymond Patrick Petrulsky (Libertarian) 3.9%
Arizona 8	R+1	Gabby Giffords	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Gabby Giffords (Democratic) 54.7% ▌Tim Bee (Republican) 42.8% ▌Paul Davis (Libertarian) 2.5%

District	CPVI	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Arkansas 1	D+1	Marion Berry	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Marion Berry (Democratic) Uncontested
Arkansas 2	Even	Vic Snyder	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Vic Snyder (Democratic) 76.5% ▌Deb McFarland (Green) 23.2%
Arkansas 3	R+11	John Boozman	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Boozman (Republican) 78.5% ▌Abel Tomlinson (Green) 21.5%
Arkansas 4	Even	Mike Ross	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Ross (Democratic) 86.2% ▌Joshua Drake (Green) 13.8%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
California 1	Mike Thompson	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Thompson (Democratic) 68.2% ▌Zane Starkewolf (Republican) 23.3% ▌Carol Wolman (Green) 8.5%
California 2	Wally Herger	Republican	1986	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Wally Herger (Republican) 57.9% ▌Jeff Morris (Democratic) 42.1%
California 3	Dan Lungren	Republican	1978 1988 (retired) 2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dan Lungren (Republican) 49.5% ▌Bill Durston (Democratic) 44.0% ▌Dina Padilla (Peace and Freedom) 4.2% ▌Art Tuma (Libertarian) 2.3%
California 4	John Doolittle	Republican	1990	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Tom McClintock (Republican) 50.3% ▌Charles Brown (Democratic) 49.7%
California 5	Doris Matsui	Democratic	2005	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Doris Matsui (Democratic) 74.3% ▌Paul Smith (Republican) 20.9% ▌L. R. Roberts (Peace and Freedom) 4.8%
California 6	Lynn Woolsey	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lynn Woolsey (Democratic) 71.7% ▌Mike Halliwell (Republican) 24.1% ▌Joel Smolen (Libertarian) 4.2%
California 7	George Miller	Democratic	1974	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George Miller (Democratic) 72.9% ▌Roger Petersen (Republican) 21.8% ▌Bill Callison (Peace and Freedom) 2.8% ▌Camden McConnell (Libertarian) 2.5%
California 8	Nancy Pelosi	Democratic	1987	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Nancy Pelosi (Democratic) 71.9% ▌Cindy Sheehan (Independent) 16.2% ▌Dana Walsh (Republican) 9.7% ▌Philip Berg (Libertarian) 2.2%
California 9	Barbara Lee	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Barbara Lee (Democratic) 86.1% ▌Charles Hargrave (Republican) 9.7% ▌Jim Eyer (Libertarian) 4.2%
California 10	Ellen Tauscher	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ellen Tauscher (Democratic) 65.2% ▌Nicholas Gerber (Republican) 31.1% ▌Eugene Ruyle (Peace and Freedom) 3.7%
California 11	Jerry McNerney	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jerry McNerney (Democratic) 55.3% ▌Dean Andal (Republican) 44.7%
California 12	Jackie Speier	Democratic	April 8, 2008 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jackie Speier (Democratic) 75.2% ▌Greg Conlon (Republican) 18.5% ▌Nathalie Hrizi (Peace and Freedom) 2.2% ▌Barry Hermanson (Green) 2.1% ▌Kevin Peterson (Libertarian) 2.0%
California 13	Pete Stark	Democratic	1972	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Pete Stark (Democratic) 76.5% ▌Raymond Chui (Republican) 23.5%
California 14	Anna Eshoo	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Anna Eshoo (Democratic) 69.8% ▌Ronny Santana (Republican) 22.3% ▌Brian Holtz (Libertarian) 4.3% ▌Carol Brouillet (Green) 3.6%
California 15	Mike Honda	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Honda (Democratic) 71.7% ▌Joyce Cordi (Republican) 23.3% ▌Peter Myers (Green) 5.0%
California 16	Zoe Lofgren	Democratic	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Zoe Lofgren (Democratic) 71.4% ▌Charel Winston (Republican) 24.0% ▌Steven Wells (Libertarian) 4.6%
California 17	Sam Farr	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Sam Farr (Democratic) 73.9% ▌Jeff Taylor (Republican) 25.9%
California 18	Dennis Cardoza	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dennis Cardoza (Democratic) 100%
California 19	George Radanovich	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George Radanovich (Republican) 98.5%
California 20	Jim Costa	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Costa (Democratic) 74.4% ▌Jim Lopez (Republican) 25.6%
California 21	Devin Nunes	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Devin Nunes (Republican) 68.4% ▌Larry Johnson (Democratic) 31.6%
California 22	Kevin McCarthy	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Kevin McCarthy (Republican) 100%
California 23	Lois Capps	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lois Capps (Democratic) 68.1% ▌Matt Kokkonen (Republican) 31.9%
California 24	Elton Gallegly	Republican	1986	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Elton Gallegly (Republican) 58.2% ▌Marta Jorgensen (Democratic) 41.8%
California 25	Howard McKeon	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Howard McKeon (Republican) 57.8% ▌Jackie Conaway (Democratic) 42.2%
California 26	David Dreier	Republican	1980	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y David Dreier (Republican) 52.7% ▌Russ Warner (Democratic) 40.4% ▌Ted Brown (Libertarian) 6.9%
California 27	Brad Sherman	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Brad Sherman (Democratic) 68.6% ▌Navraj Singh (Republican) 24.8% ▌Tim Denton (Libertarian) 6.6%
California 28	Howard Berman	Democratic	1982	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Howard Berman (Democratic) 99.9%
California 29	Adam Schiff	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Adam Schiff (Democratic) 69.0% ▌Charles Hahn (Republican) 26.7% ▌Alan Pyeatt (Libertarian) 4.3%
California 30	Henry Waxman	Democratic	1974	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Henry Waxman (Democratic) 100%
California 31	Xavier Becerra	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Xavier Becerra (Democratic) 100%
California 32	Hilda Solis	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Hilda Solis (Democratic) 100%
California 33	Diane Watson	Democratic	2001	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Diane Watson (Democratic) 87.6% ▌David Crowley (Republican) 12.4%
California 34	Lucille Roybal-Allard	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lucille Roybal-Allard (Democratic) 77.1% ▌Christopher Balding (Republican) 22.9%
California 35	Maxine Waters	Democratic	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Maxine Waters (Democratic) 82.6% ▌Ted Hayes (Republican) 13.3% ▌Herb Peters (Libertarian) 4.1%
California 36	Jane Harman	Democratic	1992 1998 (retired) 2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jane Harman (Democratic) 68.7% ▌Brian Gibson (Republican) 31.3%
California 37	Laura Richardson	Democratic	2007	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Laura Richardson (Democratic) 75.0% ▌Nick Dibs (Independent) 24.4%
California 38	Grace Napolitano	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Grace Napolitano (Democratic) 81.8% ▌Christopher Agrella (Libertarian) 18.2%
California 39	Linda Sánchez	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Linda Sánchez (Democratic) 69.7% ▌Diane Lenning (Republican) 30.3%
California 40	Ed Royce	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ed Royce (Republican) 62.6% ▌Christina Avalos (Democratic) 37.4%
California 41	Jerry Lewis	Republican	1978	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jerry Lewis (Republican) 61.7% ▌Tim Prince (Democratic) 38.3%
California 42	Gary Miller	Republican	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Gary Miller (Republican) 60.2% ▌Ed Chau (Democratic) 39.8%
California 43	Joe Baca	Democratic	1999	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joe Baca (Democratic) 69.2% ▌John Roberts (Republican) 30.8%
California 44	Ken Calvert	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ken Calvert (Republican) 51.2% ▌Bill Hedrick (Democratic) 48.8%
California 45	Mary Bono	Republican	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mary Bono (Republican) 58.3% ▌Julie Bornstein (Democratic) 41.7%
California 46	Dana Rohrabacher	Republican	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dana Rohrabacher (Republican) 52.6% ▌Debbie Cook (Democratic) 43.1% ▌Tom Lash (Green) 2.8% ▌Ernst Gasteiger (Libertarian) 1.5%
California 47	Loretta Sanchez	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Loretta Sanchez (Democratic) 69.5% ▌Rosie Avila (Republican) 25.5% ▌Robert Lauten (American Independent) 5.0%
California 48	John Campbell	Republican	2005	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Campbell (Republican) 55.7% ▌Steve Young (Democratic) 40.6% ▌Don Patterson (Libertarian) 3.7%
California 49	Darrell Issa	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Darrell Issa (Republican) 58.3% ▌Robert Hamilton (Democratic) 37.5% ▌Lars Grossmith (Libertarian) 4.2%
California 50	Brian Bilbray	Republican	1994 2000 (defeated) 2006 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Brian Bilbray (Republican) 50.3% ▌Nick Leibham (Democratic) 45.2% ▌Wayne Dunlap (Libertarian) 4.5%
California 51	Bob Filner	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bob Filner (Democratic) 72.8% ▌David Lee Joy (Republican) 24.2% ▌Frodo Litwin (Libertarian) 3.0%
California 52	Duncan L. Hunter	Republican	1980	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Duncan D. Hunter (Republican) 56.4% ▌Mike Lumpkin (Democratic) 39.0% ▌Michael Benoit (Libertarian) 4.6%
California 53	Susan Davis	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Susan Davis (Democratic) 68.5% ▌Michael Crimmins (Republican) 27.5% ▌Edward Teyssier (Libertarian) 4.0%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Colorado 1	Diana DeGette	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Diana DeGette (Democratic) 71.9% ▌George Lilly (Republican) 23.8% ▌Martin Buchanan (Libertarian) 4.3%
Colorado 2	Mark Udall	Democratic	1998	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator. Democratic hold.	▌Y Jared Polis (Democratic) 62.6% ▌Scott Starin (Republican) 33.9% ▌J. A. Calhoun (Green) 2.9% ▌Bill Hammons (Unity) 0.6%
Colorado 3	John Salazar	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Salazar (Democratic) 61.6% ▌Wayne Wolf (Republican) 38.4%
Colorado 4	Marilyn Musgrave	Republican	2002	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Betsy Markey (Democratic) 56.2% ▌Marilyn Musgrave (Republican) 43.8%
Colorado 5	Doug Lamborn	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Doug Lamborn (Republican) 60.0% ▌Hal Bidlack (Democratic) 37.0% ▌Brian Scott (Constitution) 2.9%
Colorado 6	Tom Tancredo	Republican	1998	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Mike Coffman (Republican) 60.7% ▌Hank Eng (Democratic) 39.3%
Colorado 7	Ed Perlmutter	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ed Perlmutter (Democratic) 63.5% ▌John Lerew (Republican) 36.5%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Connecticut 1	John Larson	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Larson (Democratic) 71.6% ▌Joe Visconti (Republican) 26.0% ▌Steve Fournier (Green) 2.4%
Connecticut 2	Joe Courtney	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joe Courtney (Democratic) 65.7% ▌Sean Sullivan (Republican) 32.4% ▌Scott Deshefy (Green) 1.9%
Connecticut 3	Rosa DeLauro	Democratic	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rosa DeLauro (Democratic) 77.4% ▌Bo ItsHaky (Republican) 19.7% ▌Ralph Ferrucci (Green) 2.9%
Connecticut 4	Chris Shays	Republican	1987	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Jim Himes (Democratic) 51.3% ▌Chris Shays (Republican) 47.6% ▌Michael Carrano (Libertarian) 0.7% ▌Richard Duffee (Green) 0.4%
Connecticut 5	Chris Murphy	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chris Murphy (Democratic) 59.2% ▌David Cappiello (Republican) 39.0% ▌Harold Burbank (Green) 1.0% ▌Thomas Winn (Independent) 0.8%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Delaware at-large	Mike Castle	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Castle (Republican) 61.1% ▌Karen Hartley-Nagle (Democratic) 38.0% ▌Mark Parks (Libertarian) 0.9%

See Non-voting delegates, below.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Florida 1	Jeff Miller	Republican	2001	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jeff Miller (Republican) 70.2% ▌James Jim Bryan (Democratic) 29.8%
Florida 2	Allen Boyd	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Allen Boyd (Democratic) 61.9% ▌Mark Mulligan (Republican) 38.1%
Florida 3	Corrine Brown	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Corrine Brown (Democratic) Uncontested
Florida 4	Ander Crenshaw	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ander Crenshaw (Republican) 65.3% ▌Jay McGovern (Democratic) 34.7%
Florida 5	Ginny Brown-Waite	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ginny Brown-Waite (Republican) 61.2% ▌John Russell (Democratic) 38.8%
Florida 6	Cliff Stearns	Republican	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Cliff Stearns (Republican) 60.9% ▌Tim Cunha (Democratic) 39.1%
Florida 7	John Mica	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Mica (Republican) 62.0% ▌Faye Armitage (Democratic) 38.0%
Florida 8	Ric Keller	Republican	2000	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Alan Grayson (Democratic) 52.0% ▌Ric Keller (Republican) 48.0%
Florida 9	Gus Bilirakis	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Gus Bilirakis (Republican) 62.2% ▌Bill Mitchell (Democratic) 36.3% ▌Johnny Kalimnios (Independent) 1.0% ▌Richard Emmons (Term Limits) 0.6%
Florida 10	Bill Young	Republican	1970	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bill Young (Republican) 60.7% ▌Bob Hackworth (Democratic) 39.3%
Florida 11	Kathy Castor	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Kathy Castor (Democratic) 71.7% ▌Eddie Adams (Republican) 28.3%
Florida 12	Adam Putnam	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Adam Putnam (Republican) 57.5% ▌Doug Tudor (Democratic) 42.5%
Florida 13	Vern Buchanan	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Vern Buchanan (Republican) 55.5% ▌Christine Jennings (Democratic) 37.5% ▌Jan Schneider (Independent) 5.5% ▌Don Baldauf (Independent) 1.5%
Florida 14	Connie Mack IV	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Connie Mack IV (Republican) 59.4% ▌Robert Neeld (Democratic) 24.8% ▌Burt Saunders (Independent) 14.5% ▌Jeff George (Independent) 1.3%
Florida 15	Dave Weldon	Republican	1994	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Bill Posey (Republican) 53.1% ▌Stephen Blythe (Democratic) 42.0% ▌Frank Zilaitis (Independent) 3.9% ▌Trevor Lowing (Independent) 1.0%
Florida 16	Tim Mahoney	Democratic	2006	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌Y Tom Rooney (Republican) 60.1% ▌Tim Mahoney (Democratic) 39.9%
Florida 17	Kendrick Meek	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Kendrick Meek (Democratic) Uncontested
Florida 18	Ileana Ros-Lehtinen	Republican	1989	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (Republican) 57.9% ▌Annette Taddeo (Democratic) 42.1%
Florida 19	Robert Wexler	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Robert Wexler (Democratic) 66.2% ▌Edward Lynch (Republican) 27.2% ▌Ben Graber (Independent) 6.6%
Florida 20	Debbie Wasserman Schultz	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Debbie Wasserman Schultz (Democratic) 77.5% ▌Margaret Hostetter (Ind. Republican) 22.5%
Florida 21	Lincoln Díaz-Balart	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lincoln Díaz-Balart (Republican) 57.9% ▌Raul Martinez (Democratic) 42.1%
Florida 22	Ron Klein	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ron Klein (Democratic) 54.7% ▌Allen West (Republican) 45.3%
Florida 23	Alcee Hastings	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Alcee Hastings (Democratic) 82.1% ▌Marion Thorpe (Republican) 17.8%
Florida 24	Tom Feeney	Republican	2002	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Suzanne Kosmas (Democratic) 57.2% ▌Tom Feeney (Republican) 41.1% ▌Gaurav Bhola (Independent) 1.7%
Florida 25	Mario Díaz-Balart	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mario Díaz-Balart (Republican) 53.1% ▌Joe Garcia (Democratic) 46.9%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Georgia 1	Jack Kingston	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jack Kingston (Republican) 66.5% ▌Bill Gillespie (Democratic) 33.5%
Georgia 2	Sanford Bishop	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Sanford Bishop (Democratic) 68.9% ▌Lee Ferrell (Republican) 31.1%
Georgia 3	Lynn Westmoreland	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lynn Westmoreland (Republican) 65.7% ▌Stephen Camp (Democratic) 34.3%
Georgia 4	Hank Johnson	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Hank Johnson (Democratic) 99.9%
Georgia 5	John Lewis	Democratic	1986	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Lewis (Democratic) 99.9%
Georgia 6	Tom Price	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tom Price (Republican) 68.5% ▌Bill Jones (Democratic) 31.5%
Georgia 7	John Linder	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Linder (Republican) 62.0% ▌Doug Heckman (Democratic) 38.0%
Georgia 8	Jim Marshall	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Marshall (Democratic) 57.2% ▌Rick Goddard (Republican) 42.8%
Georgia 9	Nathan Deal	Republican	1992[b]	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Nathan Deal (Republican) 75.5% ▌Jeff Scott (Democratic) 24.5%
Georgia 10	Paul Broun	Republican	2007 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Paul Broun (Republican) 60.7% ▌Bobby Saxon (Democratic) 39.3%
Georgia 11	Phil Gingrey	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Phil Gingrey (Republican) 68.2% ▌Hugh Gammon (Democratic) 31.8%
Georgia 12	John Barrow	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Barrow (Democratic) 66.0% ▌John Stone (Republican) 34.0%
Georgia 13	David Scott	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y David Scott (Democratic) 69.0% ▌Deborah Honeycutt (Republican) 31.0%

See Non-voting delegates, below.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Hawaii 1	Neil Abercrombie	Democratic	1986 (special) 1988 (lost renomination) 1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Neil Abercrombie (Democratic) 77.1% ▌Steve Tataii (Republican) 19.1% ▌Li Zhao (Libertarian) 3.8%
Hawaii 2	Mazie Hirono	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mazie Hirono (Democratic) 76.1% ▌Roger B. Evans (Republican) 20.4% ▌Shaun Stenshol (Independent) 1.9% ▌Jeff Mallan (Libertarian) 1.7%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Idaho 1	Bill Sali	Republican	2006	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Walt Minnick (Democratic) 50.6% ▌Bill Sali (Republican) 49.4%
Idaho 2	Mike Simpson	Republican	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Simpson (Republican) 71.0% ▌Debbie Holmes (Democratic) 29.0%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Illinois 1	Bobby Rush	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bobby Rush (Democratic) 85.9% ▌Antoine Members (Republican) 14.1%
Illinois 2	Jesse Jackson Jr.	Democratic	1995	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jesse Jackson Jr. (Democratic) 89.4% ▌Anthony Williams (Republican) 10.6%
Illinois 3	Dan Lipinski	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dan Lipinski (Democratic) 73.3% ▌Michael Hawkins (Republican) 21.4% ▌Jerome Pohlen (Green) 5.3%
Illinois 4	Luis Gutiérrez	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Luis Gutiérrez (Democratic) 80.6% ▌Daniel Cunningham (Republican) 11.5% ▌Omar Lopez (Green) 7.9%
Illinois 5	Rahm Emanuel	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rahm Emanuel (Democratic) 73.9% ▌Tom Hanson (Republican) 22.0% ▌Alan Augustson (Green) 4.1%
Illinois 6	Peter Roskam	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Peter Roskam (Republican) 57.6% ▌Jill Morgenthaler (Democratic) 42.4%
Illinois 7	Danny K. Davis	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Danny K. Davis (Democratic) 85.0% ▌Steve Miller (Republican) 15.0%
Illinois 8	Melissa Bean	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Melissa Bean (Democratic) 60.7% ▌Steve Greenberg (Republican) 39.3%
Illinois 9	Jan Schakowsky	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jan Schakowsky (Democratic) 74.7% ▌Michael Younan (Republican) 22.0% ▌Morris Shanfield (Green) 3.3%
Illinois 10	Mark Kirk	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mark Kirk (Republican) 52.6% ▌Dan Seals (Democratic) 47.4%
Illinois 11	Jerry Weller	Republican	1994	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Debbie Halvorson (Democratic) 58.4% ▌Marty Ozinga (Republican) 34.5% ▌Jason Wallace (Green) 7.1%
Illinois 12	Jerry Costello	Democratic	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jerry Costello (Democratic) 71.1% ▌Tim Richardson (Republican) 25.0% ▌Rodger Jennings (Green) 3.9%
Illinois 13	Judy Biggert	Republican	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Judy Biggert (Republican) 53.6% ▌Scott Harper (Democratic) 43.7% ▌Steve Alesch (Green) 2.7%
Illinois 14	Bill Foster	Democratic	March 8, 2008 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bill Foster (Democratic) 57.7% ▌Jim Oberweis (Republican) 42.3%
Illinois 15	Tim Johnson	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tim Johnson (Republican) 64.2% ▌Steve Cox (Democratic) 35.8%
Illinois 16	Donald Manzullo	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Donald Manzullo (Republican) 60.9% ▌Bob Abboud (Democratic) 36.1% ▌Scott Summers (Green) 3.0%
Illinois 17	Phil Hare	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Phil Hare (Democratic) 99.8%
Illinois 18	Ray LaHood	Republican	1994	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Aaron Schock (Republican) 58.9% ▌Colleen Callahan (Democratic) 37.9% ▌Sheldon Schafer (Green) 3.2%
Illinois 19	John Shimkus	Republican	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Shimkus (Republican) 64.5% ▌Daniel Davis (Democratic) 33.4% ▌Troy Dennis (Green) 2.1%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Indiana 1	Pete Visclosky	Democratic	1984	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Pete Visclosky (Democratic) 70.9% ▌Mark Leyva (Republican) 27.2% ▌Jeff Duensing (Libertarian) 1.9%
Indiana 2	Joe Donnelly	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joe Donnelly (Democratic) 67.1% ▌Luke Puckett (Republican) 30.2% ▌Mark Vogel (Libertarian) 2.7%
Indiana 3	Mark Souder	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mark Souder (Republican) 55.0% ▌Mike Montagano (Democratic) 39.7% ▌ William Larsen (Libertarian) 5.3%
Indiana 4	Steve Buyer	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Steve Buyer (Republican) 59.9% ▌Nels Ackerson (Democratic) 40.1%
Indiana 5	Dan Burton	Republican	1982	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dan Burton (Republican) 65.5% ▌Mary Etta Ruley (Democratic) 34.5%
Indiana 6	Mike Pence	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Pence (Republican) 63.9% ▌Barry Welsh (Democratic) 33.4% ▌George Holland (Libertarian) 2.7%
Indiana 7	André Carson	Democratic	March 11, 2008 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y André Carson (Democratic) 65.1% ▌Gabrielle Campo (Republican) 34.9%
Indiana 8	Brad Ellsworth	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Brad Ellsworth (Democratic) 64.7% ▌Greg Goode (Republican) 35.3%
Indiana 9	Baron Hill	Democratic	1998 2004 (defeated) 2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Baron Hill (Democratic) 57.8% ▌Mike Sodrel (Republican) 38.4% ▌D. Eric Schansberg (Libertarian) 3.8%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Iowa 1	Bruce Braley	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bruce Braley (Democratic) 64.6% ▌David Hartsuch (Republican) 35.4%
Iowa 2	David Loebsack	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y David Loebsack (Democratic) 57.2% ▌Mariannette Miller-Meeks (Republican) 38.8% ▌Wendy Barth (Green) 2.2% ▌Brian White (Independent) 1.8%
Iowa 3	Leonard Boswell	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Leonard Boswell (Democratic) 56.4% ▌ Kim Schmett (Republican) 42.1% ▌Frank Forrestal (Socialist Workers) 1.5%
Iowa 4	Tom Latham	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tom Latham (Republican) 60.6% ▌Becky Greenwald (Democratic) 39.4%
Iowa 5	Steve King	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Steve King (Republican) 59.8% ▌Rob Hubler (Democratic) 37.4% ▌Victor Vara (Independent) 2.8%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Kansas 1	Jerry Moran	Republican	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jerry Moran (Republican) 81.8% ▌James Bordonaro (Democratic) 13.2% ▌Kathleen Burton (Reform) 2.7% ▌Jack Warner (Libertarian) 2.1%
Kansas 2	Nancy Boyda	Democratic	2006	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌Y Lynn Jenkins (Republican) 50.6% ▌Nancy Boyda (Democratic) 46.2% ▌Leslie Martin (Reform) 1.6% ▌Robert Garrard (Libertarian) 1.5%
Kansas 3	Dennis Moore	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dennis Moore (Democratic) 56.4% ▌Nick Jordan (Republican) 39.6% ▌Joe Bellis (Libertarian) 2.8% ▌Roger Tucker (Reform) 1.0%
Kansas 4	Todd Tiahrt	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Todd Tiahrt (Republican) 63.4% ▌Donald Betts Jr. (Democratic) 32.3% ▌Susan Ducey (Reform) 2.2% ▌Steven Rosile (Libertarian) 1.9%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Kentucky 1	Ed Whitfield	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ed Whitfield (Republican) 64.3% ▌Heather Ryan (Democratic) 35.7%
Kentucky 2	Ron Lewis	Republican	1994	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Brett Guthrie (Republican) 52.6% ▌David Boswell (Democratic) 47.4%
Kentucky 3	John Yarmuth	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Yarmuth (Democratic) 59.4% ▌Anne Northup (Republican) 40.6%
Kentucky 4	Geoff Davis	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Geoff Davis (Republican) 63.0% ▌Michael Kelly (Democratic) 37.0%
Kentucky 5	Hal Rogers	Republican	1980	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Hal Rogers (Republican) 84.1% ▌Jim Holbert (Independent) 15.9%
Kentucky 6	Ben Chandler	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ben Chandler (Democratic) 64.7% ▌Jon Larson (Republican) 35.3%

Note: In Louisiana's 2nd and 4th districts, primary runoffs were held November 4, 2008 and the general election for both of these races were held December 6, 2008.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Louisiana 1	Steve Scalise	Republican	2008 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Steve Scalise (Republican) 65.7% ▌Jim Harlan (Democratic) 34.3%
Louisiana 2	William Jefferson	Democratic	1990	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌Y Joseph Cao (Republican) 49.5% ▌William Jefferson (Democratic) 46.8% ▌Malik Rahim (Green) 2.8% ▌Gregory Kahn (Libertarian) 0.8%
Louisiana 3	Charlie Melançon	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charlie Melançon (Democratic) Uncontested
Louisiana 4	Jim McCrery	Republican	1988	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y John C. Fleming (Republican) 48.1% ▌Paul Carmouche (Democratic) 47.7% ▌Chester Kelly (Independent) 3.5% ▌Gerard Bowen (Independent) 0.7%
Louisiana 5	Rodney Alexander	Republican	2002[c]	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rodney Alexander (Republican) Uncontested
Louisiana 6	Don Cazayoux	Democratic	2008 (special)	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌Y Bill Cassidy (Republican) 48.1% ▌Don Cazayoux (Democratic) 40.3% ▌Michael L. Jackson (Ind. Democratic) 11.6%
Louisiana 7	Charles Boustany	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charles Boustany (Republican) 61.9% ▌Don Cravins Jr. (Democratic) 34.3% ▌Peter Vidrine (Constitution) 3.8%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maine 1	Tom Allen	Democratic	1996	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator. Democratic hold.	▌Y Chellie Pingree (Democratic) 54.9% ▌Charlie Summers (Republican) 45.1%
Maine 2	Mike Michaud	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Michaud (Democratic) 67.4% ▌John Frary (Republican) 32.6%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maryland 1	Wayne Gilchrest	Republican	1990	Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic gain.	▌Y Frank Kratovil (Democratic) 49.1% ▌Andy Harris (Republican) 48.3% ▌Richard James Davis (Libertarian) 2.5%
Maryland 2	Dutch Ruppersberger	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dutch Ruppersberger (Democratic) 71.9% ▌Richard Matthews (Republican) 24.8% ▌Lorenzo Gaztanaga (Libertarian) 3.2%
Maryland 3	John Sarbanes	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Sarbanes (Democratic) 69.7% ▌Tom Harris (Republican) 30.1%
Maryland 4	Donna Edwards	Democratic	June 17, 2008 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Donna Edwards (Democratic) 85.8% ▌Peter James (Republican) 12.9% ▌Thibeaux Lincecum (Libertarian) 1.1%
Maryland 5	Steny Hoyer	Democratic	1981	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Steny Hoyer (Democratic) 73.6% ▌Collins Bailey (Republican) 24.0% ▌Darlene H. Nicholas (Libertarian) 2.3%
Maryland 6	Roscoe Bartlett	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Roscoe Bartlett (Republican) 57.8% ▌Jennifer Dougherty (Democratic) 38.8% ▌Gary Hoover (Libertarian) 3.3%
Maryland 7	Elijah Cummings	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Elijah Cummings (Democratic) 79.5% ▌Michael Hargadon (Republican) 18.6% ▌Ronald M. Owens-Bey (Libertarian) 1.8%
Maryland 8	Chris Van Hollen	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chris Van Hollen (Democratic) 75.1% ▌Steve Hudson (Republican) 21.7% ▌Gordon Clark (Green) 2.2% ▌Ian Thomas (Libertarian) 0.8%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts 1	John Olver	Democratic	1991	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Olver (Democratic) 72.8% ▌Nate Bech (Republican) 27.0%
Massachusetts 2	Richard Neal	Democratic	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Richard Neal (Democratic) Uncontested
Massachusetts 3	Jim McGovern	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim McGovern (Democratic) Uncontested
Massachusetts 4	Barney Frank	Democratic	1980	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Barney Frank (Democratic) 68.0% ▌Earl Sholley (Republican) 25.3% ▌Susan Allen (Independent) 6.6%
Massachusetts 5	Niki Tsongas	Democratic	2007	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Niki Tsongas (Democratic) Uncontested
Massachusetts 6	John F. Tierney	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John F. Tierney (Democratic) 70.4% ▌Richard Baker (Republican) 29.5%
Massachusetts 7	Ed Markey	Democratic	1976	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ed Markey (Democratic) 75.6% ▌John Cunningham (Republican) 24.2%
Massachusetts 8	Mike Capuano	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Capuano (Democratic) Uncontested
Massachusetts 9	Stephen Lynch	Democratic	2001	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Stephen Lynch (Democratic) Uncontested
Massachusetts 10	Bill Delahunt	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bill Delahunt (Democratic) Uncontested

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Michigan 1	Bart Stupak	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bart Stupak (Democratic) 65.0% ▌Tom Casperson (Republican) 32.7 Others ▌Jean Marie Treacy (Green) 0.8% ▌Dan Grow (Libertarian) 0.8% ▌Joshua Warren (US Taxpayers) 0.6%
Michigan 2	Pete Hoekstra	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Pete Hoekstra (Republican) 62.4% ▌Fred Johnson (Democratic) 34.8% ▌Dan Johnson (Libertarian) 1.6% ▌Ronald Graeser (US Taxpayers) 1.2%
Michigan 3	Vern Ehlers	Republican	1993	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Vern Ehlers (Republican) 61.1% ▌Henry Sanchez (Democratic) 35.4% ▌Erwin Haas (Libertarian) 3.4%
Michigan 4	David Lee Camp	Republican	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y David Lee Camp (Republican) 61.9% ▌Andrew Concannon (Democratic) 35.7% ▌John Emerick (US Taxpayers) 1.2% ▌Allitta Hren (Libertarian) 1.1%
Michigan 5	Dale E. Kildee	Democratic	1976	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dale E. Kildee (Democratic) 70.4% ▌Matt Sawicki (Republican) 27.0% ▌Leonard Schwartz (Libertarian) 1.4% ▌Ken Mathenia (Green) 1.3%
Michigan 6	Fred Upton	Republican	1986	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Fred Upton (Republican) 58.9% ▌Don Cooney (Democratic) 38.6% ▌Greg Merle (Libertarian) 1.5% ▌Edward Pinkney (Green) 1.1%
Michigan 7	Tim Walberg	Republican	2006	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Mark Schauer (Democratic) 48.8% ▌Tim Walberg (Republican) 46.5% ▌Lynn Meadows (Green) 3.0% ▌Ken Proctor (Libertarian) 1.8%
Michigan 8	Mike Rogers	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Rogers (Republican) 56.5% ▌Robert D. Alexander (Democratic) 40.2% ▌Will Tyler White (Libertarian) 1.2% ▌Aaron Stuttman (Green) 1.1% ▌George Zimmer (US Taxpayers) 1.0%
Michigan 9	Joe Knollenberg	Republican	1992	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Gary Peters (Democratic) 52.1% ▌Joe Knollenberg (Republican) 42.6% ▌Jack Kevorkian (Independent) 2.6% ▌Adam Goodman (Libertarian) 1.4% ▌Doug Campbell (Green) 1.4%
Michigan 10	Candice Miller	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Candice Miller (Republican) 66.3% ▌Robert Denison (Democratic) 31.2% ▌Neil Stephenson (Libertarian) 1.3% ▌Candace Caveny (Green) 1.2%
Michigan 11	Thad McCotter	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Thad McCotter (Republican) 51.4% ▌Joseph Larkin (Democratic) 45.4% ▌John Tatar (Libertarian) 1.7% ▌Erik Shelley (Green) 1.5%
Michigan 12	Sander Levin	Democratic	1982	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Sander Levin (Democratic) 72.1% ▌Bert Copple (Republican) 23.9% ▌John Vico (Libertarian) 1.5% ▌Les Townsend (US Taxpayers) 1.3% ▌Bill Opalicky (Green) 1.2%
Michigan 13	Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (Democratic) 74.1% ▌Edward Gubics (Republican) 19.1% ▌George Corsetti (Green) 4.2% ▌Gregory Creswell (Libertarian) 2.6%
Michigan 14	John Conyers Jr.	Democratic	1964	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Conyers Jr. (Democratic) 92.4% ▌Rick Secula (Libertarian) 4.4% ▌Clyde Shabazz (Green) 3.2%
Michigan 15	John D. Dingell Jr.	Democratic	1955	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John D. Dingell Jr. (Democratic) 70.7% ▌John Lynch (Republican) 25.0% ▌Aimee Smith (Green) 2.2% ▌Greg Stempfle (Libertarian) 1.2% ▌James Wagner (US Taxpayers) 1.0%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Minnesota 1	Tim Walz	DFL	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tim Walz (DFL) 62.5% ▌Brian Davis (Republican) 32.9% ▌Gregory Mikkelson (Independence) 4.5%
Minnesota 2	John Kline	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Kline (Republican) 57.3% ▌Steve Sarvi (DFL) 42.6%
Minnesota 3	Jim Ramstad	Republican	1990	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Erik Paulsen (Republican) 48.5% ▌Ashwin Madia (DFL) 40.9% ▌David Dillon (Independence) 10.6%
Minnesota 4	Betty McCollum	DFL	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Betty McCollum (DFL) 68.4% ▌Ed Matthews (Republican) 31.3%
Minnesota 5	Keith Ellison	DFL	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Keith Ellison (DFL) 70.9% ▌Barb Davis White (Republican) 22.0% ▌Bill McGaughey (Independence) 6.9%
Minnesota 6	Michele Bachmann	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Michele Bachmann (Republican) 46.4% ▌Elwyn Tinklenberg (DFL) 43.4% ▌Bob Anderson (Independence) 10.0%
Minnesota 7	Collin Peterson	DFL	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Collin Peterson (DFL) 72.2% ▌Glen Menze (Republican) 27.7%
Minnesota 8	Jim Oberstar	DFL	1974	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Oberstar (DFL) 67.7% ▌Michael Cummins (Republican) 32.2%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Mississippi 1	Travis Childers	Democratic	May 13, 2008 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Travis Childers (Democratic) 54.5% ▌Greg Davis (Republican) 43.9% ▌Wally Pang (Independent) 1.1% ▌John Wages Jr. (Green) 0.6%
Mississippi 2	Bennie Thompson	Democratic	1993	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bennie Thompson (Democratic) 69.1% ▌Richard Cook (Republican) 30.9%
Mississippi 3	Chip Pickering	Republican	1996	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Gregg Harper (Republican) 62.5% ▌Joel Gill (Democratic) 37.5%
Mississippi 4	Gene Taylor	Democratic	1989	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Gene Taylor (Democratic) 74.5% ▌John McCay (Republican) 25.5%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Missouri 1	Lacy Clay	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lacy Clay (Democratic) 86.9% ▌Robb Cunningham (Libertarian) 13.1%
Missouri 2	Todd Akin	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Todd Akin (Republican) 62.3% ▌Bill Haas (Democratic) 35.4% ▌Thomas Knapp (Libertarian) 2.3%
Missouri 3	Russ Carnahan	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Russ Carnahan (Democratic) 66.4% ▌Chris Sander (Republican) 30.4% ▌Kevin Babcock (Libertarian) 1.8% ▌Cindy Redburn (Constitution) 1.4%
Missouri 4	Ike Skelton	Democratic	1976	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ike Skelton (Democratic) 65.9% ▌Jeff Parnell (Republican) 34.1%
Missouri 5	Emanuel Cleaver	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Emanuel Cleaver (Democratic) 64.4% ▌Jacob Turk (Republican) 35.6%
Missouri 6	Sam Graves	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Sam Graves (Republican) 59.4% ▌Kay Barnes (Democratic) 36.9% ▌Dave Browning (Libertarian) 3.7%
Missouri 7	Roy Blunt	Republican	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Roy Blunt (Republican) 67.8% ▌Richard Monroe (Democratic) 28.1% ▌Kevin Craig (Libertarian) 2.2% ▌Travis Maddox (Constitution) 1.9%
Missouri 8	Jo Ann Emerson	Republican	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jo Ann Emerson (Republican) 71.4% ▌Joe Allen (Democratic) 26.2% ▌Branden McCullough (Libertarian) 1.6% ▌Richard Smith (Constitution) 0.8%
Missouri 9	Kenny Hulshof	Republican	1996	Incumbent retired to run for Governor. Republican hold.	▌Y Blaine Luetkemeyer (Republican) 50.0% ▌Judy Baker (Democratic) 47.5% ▌Tamara Millay (Libertarian) 2.5%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Montana at-large	Denny Rehberg	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Denny Rehberg (Republican) 64.2% ▌John Driscoll (Democratic) 32.4% ▌Mike Fellows (Libertarian) 3.4%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Nebraska 1	Jeff Fortenberry	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jeff Fortenberry (Republican) 70.4% ▌Max Yashirin (Democratic) 29.6%
Nebraska 2	Lee Terry	Republican	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lee Terry (Republican) 51.9% ▌Jim Esch (Democratic) 48.1%
Nebraska 3	Adrian Smith	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Adrian Smith (Republican) 76.9% ▌Jay Stoddard (Democratic) 23.1%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Nevada 1	Shelley Berkley	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Shelley Berkley (Democratic) 67.6% ▌Kenneth Wegner (Republican) 28.4% ▌Caren Alexander (Independent American) 2.0% ▌Raymond Duensing (Libertarian) 2.0%
Nevada 2	Dean Heller	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dean Heller (Republican) 51.8% ▌Jill Derby (Democratic) 41.4% ▌John Everhart (Independent American) 3.4% ▌Sean Patrick Morse (Libertarian) 1.7% ▌Craig Bergland (Green) 1.6%
Nevada 3	Jon Porter	Republican	2002	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Dina Titus (Democratic) 47.4% ▌Jon Porter (Republican) 42.3% ▌Jeffrey Reeves (Independent) 4.3% ▌Joseph Silvestri (Libertarian) 2.9% ▌Floyd Fitzgibbons (Independent American) 2.0% ▌Bob Gianquinta (Green) 1.1%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Hampshire 1	Carol Shea-Porter	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Carol Shea-Porter (Democratic) 51.7% ▌Jeb Bradley (Republican) 45.8% ▌Robert Kingsbury (Libertarian) 2.4%
New Hampshire 2	Paul Hodes	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Paul Hodes (Democratic) 56.4% ▌Jennifer Horn (Republican) 41.4% ▌Chester Lapointe II (Libertarian) 2.1%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Jersey 1	Rob Andrews	Democratic	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rob Andrews (Democratic) 72.4% ▌Dale Glading (Republican) 26.0% Others ▌Matthew Thieke (Green) 0.7% ▌Margaret Chapman (Independent) 0.4% ▌Everitt Williams (Independent) 0.3% ▌Alvin Lindsay (Independent) 0.2%
New Jersey 2	Frank LoBiondo	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Frank LoBiondo (Republican) 59.1% ▌David Kurkowski (Democratic) 39.1% Others ▌Jason Grover (Green) 0.6% ▌Peter Boyce (Constitution) 0.5% ▌Gary Stein (Independent) 0.5% ▌Constantino Rozzo (Socialist) 0.2%
New Jersey 3	Jim Saxton	Republican	1984	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y John Adler (Democratic) 52.1% ▌Chris Myers (Republican) 47.9%
New Jersey 4	Chris Smith	Republican	1980	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chris Smith (Republican) 66.2% ▌Joshua Zeitz (Democratic) 32.6% ▌Steven Welzer (Green) 1.2%
New Jersey 5	Scott Garrett	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Scott Garrett (Republican) 55.9% ▌Dennis Shulman (Democratic) 42.4% ▌Ed Fanning (Green) 1.7%
New Jersey 6	Frank Pallone	Democratic	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Frank Pallone (Democratic) 66.9% ▌Robert McLeod (Republican) 31.6% ▌Herbert Tarbous (Independent) 1.4%
New Jersey 7	Mike Ferguson	Republican	2000	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Leonard Lance (Republican) 50.2% ▌Linda Stender (Democratic) 42.2% ▌Michael Hsing (Independent) 5.6% ▌Dean Greco (Independent) 1.1% ▌Thomas Abrams (Independent) 0.9%
New Jersey 8	Bill Pascrell	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bill Pascrell (Democratic) 71.1% ▌Rollie Straten (Republican) 28.2% ▌Derek DeMarco (Libertarian) 0.7%
New Jersey 9	Steve Rothman	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Steve Rothman (Democratic) 69.5% ▌Vince Micco (Republican) 31.0% ▌Michael Perrone (Independent) 0.5%
New Jersey 10	Donald M. Payne	Democratic	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Donald M. Payne (Democratic) 98.9% ▌Michael Taber (Socialist Workers) 1.1%
New Jersey 11	Rodney Frelinghuysen	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rodney Frelinghuysen (Republican) 61.8% ▌Tom Wyka (Democratic) 37.0% ▌Chandler Tedholm (Independent) 1.2%
New Jersey 12	Rush Holt Jr.	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rush Holt Jr. (Democratic) 63.1% ▌Alan Bateman (Republican) 35.3% ▌David Corsi (Independent) 1.6%
New Jersey 13	Albio Sires	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Albio Sires (Democratic) 75.4% ▌Joseph Turula (Republican) 21.7% ▌Julio Fernandez (Independent) 2.3% ▌Louis Vernotico (Independent) 0.6%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Mexico 1	Heather Wilson	Republican	1998	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator. Democratic gain.	▌Y Martin Heinrich (Democratic) 55.7% ▌Darren White (Republican) 44.3%
New Mexico 2	Steve Pearce	Republican	2002	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator. Democratic gain.	▌Y Harry Teague (Democratic) 56.0% ▌Edward Tinsley (Republican) 44.0%
New Mexico 3	Tom Udall	Democratic	1998	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator. Democratic hold.	▌Y Ben Ray Lujan (Democratic) 56.7% ▌Daniel East (Republican) 30.5% ▌Carol Miller (Independent) 12.8%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New York 1	Tim Bishop	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tim Bishop (Democratic) 58.4% ▌Lee Zeldin (Republican) 41.6%
New York 2	Steve Israel	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Steve Israel (Democratic) 66.9% ▌Frank Stalzer (Republican) 33.1%
New York 3	Peter T. King	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Peter T. King (Republican) 63.9% ▌Graham Long (Democratic) 36.1%
New York 4	Carolyn McCarthy	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Carolyn McCarthy (Democratic) 64.0% ▌Jack Martins (Republican) 36.0%
New York 5	Gary Ackerman	Democratic	1983	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Gary Ackerman (Democratic) 70.7% ▌Elizabeth Berney (Republican) 27.4% ▌Jun Policarpio (Conservative) 1.9%
New York 6	Gregory Meeks	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Gregory Meeks (Democratic) Uncontested
New York 7	Joe Crowley	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joe Crowley (Democratic) 84.7% ▌William Britt (Republican) 15.3%
New York 8	Jerry Nadler	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jerry Nadler (Democratic) 80.5% ▌Grace Lin (Republican) 19.5%
New York 9	Anthony Weiner	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Anthony Weiner (Democratic) 93.3% ▌Alfred F. Donohue Jr. (Conservative) 6.7%
New York 10	Edolphus Towns	Democratic	1982	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Edolphus Towns (Democratic) 94.2% ▌Salvatore Grupico (Republican) 5.8%
New York 11	Yvette Clarke	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Yvette Clarke (Democratic) 92.8% ▌Hugh Carr (Republican) 6.4% ▌Cartrell Gore (Conservative) 0.8%
New York 12	Nydia Velázquez	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Nydia Velázquez (Democratic) 90.0% ▌Allan Romaguera (Republican) 10.0%
New York 13	Vito Fossella	Republican	1997	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Michael McMahon (Democratic) 60.9% ▌Robert Straniere (Republican) 33.3% ▌Timothy Cochrane (Conservative) 3.1% ▌Carmine Morano (Independence) 2.7%
New York 14	Carolyn Maloney	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Carolyn Maloney (Democratic) 79.8% ▌Robert Heim (Republican) 19.0% ▌Isaiah Matos (Libertarian) 1.2%
New York 15	Charles Rangel	Democratic	1970	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charles Rangel (Democratic) 89.2% ▌Edward Daniels (Republican) 7.9% ▌Craig Schley (Independent) 1.9% ▌Martin Koppel (Socialist Workers) 1.1%
New York 16	José E. Serrano	Democratic	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y José E. Serrano (Democratic) 96.6% ▌Ali Mohamed (Republican) 3.4%
New York 17	Eliot Engel	Democratic	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Eliot Engel (Democratic) 79.9% ▌Robert Goodman (Republican) 20.1%
New York 18	Nita Lowey	Democratic	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Nita Lowey (Democratic) 68.5% ▌James Russell (Republican) 31.5%
New York 19	John J. Hall	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John J. Hall (Democratic) 58.7% ▌Kieran Michael Lalor (Republican) 41.3%
New York 20	Kirsten Gillibrand	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Kirsten Gillibrand (Democratic) 62.1% ▌Sandy Treadwell (Republican) 37.9%
New York 21	Michael McNulty	Democratic	1988	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Paul Tonko (Democratic) 62.1% ▌James Buhrmaster (Republican) 35.0% ▌Phillip Steck (Independence) 2.9%
New York 22	Maurice Hinchey	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Maurice Hinchey (Democratic) 66.3% ▌George Phillips (Republican) 33.7%
New York 23	John M. McHugh	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John M. McHugh (Republican) 65.3% ▌Michael Oot (Democratic) 34.7%
New York 24	Mike Arcuri	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Arcuri (Democratic) 52.0% ▌Richard L. Hanna (Republican) 48.0%
New York 25	James T. Walsh	Republican	1988	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Dan Maffei (Democratic) 54.8% ▌Dale Sweetland (Republican) 41.9% ▌Howie Hawkins (Green) 3.3%
New York 26	Thomas M. Reynolds	Republican	1998	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Chris Lee (Republican) 55.0% ▌Alice Kryzan (Democratic) 40.5% ▌Jonathan Powers (Working Families) 4.5%
New York 27	Brian Higgins	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Brian Higgins (Democratic) 74.4% ▌Daniel Humiston (Republican) 22.6% ▌Harold Schroeder (Conservative) 3.0%
New York 28	Louise Slaughter	Democratic	1986	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Louise Slaughter (Democratic) 78.0% ▌David Crimmen (Republican) 22.0%
New York 29	Randy Kuhl	Republican	2004	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Eric Massa (Democratic) 51.0% ▌Randy Kuhl (Republican) 49.0%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
North Carolina 1	G. K. Butterfield	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y G. K. Butterfield (Democratic) 70.3% ▌Dean Stephens (Republican) 29.7%
North Carolina 2	Bob Etheridge	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bob Etheridge (Democratic) 66.9% ▌Dan Mansell (Republican) 31.3% ▌Will Adkins (Libertarian) 1.8%
North Carolina 3	Walter B. Jones Jr.	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Walter B. Jones Jr. (Republican) 65.9% ▌Craig Weber (Democratic) 34.1%
North Carolina 4	David Price	Democratic	1986 1994 (defeated) 1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y David Price (Democratic) 63.3% ▌B.J. Lawson (Republican) 36.7%
North Carolina 5	Virginia Foxx	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Virginia Foxx (Republican) 58.4% ▌Roy Carter (Democratic) 41.6%
North Carolina 6	Howard Coble	Republican	1984	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Howard Coble (Republican) 67.0% ▌Teresa Sue Bratton (Democratic) 33.0%
North Carolina 7	Mike McIntyre	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike McIntyre (Democratic) 68.8% ▌Will Breazeale (Republican) 31.2%
North Carolina 8	Robin Hayes	Republican	1998	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Larry Kissell (Democratic) 55.4% ▌Robin Hayes (Republican) 44.6%
North Carolina 9	Sue Myrick	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Sue Myrick (Republican) 62.4% ▌Harry Taylor (Democratic) 35.9% ▌Andy Grum (Libertarian) 1.7%
North Carolina 10	Patrick McHenry	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Patrick McHenry (Republican) 57.6% ▌Daniel Johnson (Democratic) 42.4%
North Carolina 11	Heath Shuler	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Heath Shuler (Democratic) 62.0% ▌Carl Mumpower (Republican) 35.8% ▌Keith Smith (Libertarian) 2.2%
North Carolina 12	Mel Watt	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mel Watt (Democratic) 71.6% ▌Ty Cobb (Republican) 28.4%
North Carolina 13	Brad Miller	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Brad Miller (Democratic) 65.9% ▌Hugh Webster (Republican) 34.1%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
North Dakota at-large	Earl Pomeroy	Democratic-NPL	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Earl Pomeroy (Democratic–NPL) 62.0% ▌Duane Sand (Republican) 38.0%

See Non-voting delegates, below.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Ohio 1	Steve Chabot	Republican	1994	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Steve Driehaus (Democratic) 52.4% ▌Steve Chabot (Republican) 47.5%
Ohio 2	Jean Schmidt	Republican	2005	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jean Schmidt (Republican) 44.8% ▌Victoria Wulsin (Democratic) 37.5% ▌David Krikorian (Independent) 17.7%
Ohio 3	Mike Turner	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Turner (Republican) 63.3% ▌Jane Mitakides (Democratic) 36.7%
Ohio 4	Jim Jordan	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Jordan (Republican) 65.2% ▌Mike Carroll (Democratic) 34.8%
Ohio 5	Bob Latta	Republican	2007	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bob Latta (Republican) 64.1% ▌George Mays (Democratic) 35.9%
Ohio 6	Charlie Wilson	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charlie Wilson (Democratic) 62.3% ▌Dick Stobbs (Republican) 32.8% ▌Dennis Spisak (Green) 4.9%
Ohio 7	Dave Hobson	Republican	1990	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Steve Austria (Republican) 58.2% ▌Sharen Neuhardt (Democratic) 41.8%
Ohio 8	John Boehner	Republican	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Boehner (Republican) 67.9% ▌Nick von Stein (Democratic) 32.1%
Ohio 9	Marcy Kaptur	Democratic	1982	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Marcy Kaptur (Democratic) 74.4% ▌Bradley Leavitt (Republican) 25.6%
Ohio 10	Dennis Kucinich	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dennis Kucinich (Democratic) 57.0% ▌Jim Trakas (Republican) 39.1% ▌Paul Conroy (Libertarian) 3.9%
Ohio 11	Vacant			Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D) died August 20, 2008. Democratic hold. Successor was also elected the same day to finish the current term.	▌Y Marcia Fudge (Democratic) 85.2% ▌Thomas Pekarek (Republican) 14.7%
Ohio 12	Pat Tiberi	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Pat Tiberi (Republican) 54.8% ▌David Robinson (Democratic) 42.2% ▌Steven Linnabary (Libertarian) 3.0%
Ohio 13	Betty Sutton	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Betty Sutton (Democratic) 64.5% ▌David Potter (Republican) 35.4%
Ohio 14	Steve LaTourette	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Steve LaTourette (Republican) 58.3% ▌William O'Neill (Democratic) 38.7% ▌David Macko (Libertarian) 2.9%
Ohio 15	Deborah Pryce	Republican	1992	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Mary Jo Kilroy (Democratic) 45.9% ▌Steve Stivers (Republican) 45.2% ▌Mark Michael Noble (Libertarian) 4.6% ▌Don Elijah Eckhart (Independent) 4.3%
Ohio 16	Ralph Regula	Republican	1972	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y John Boccieri (Democratic) 55.4% ▌Kirk Schuring (Republican) 44.6%
Ohio 17	Tim Ryan	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tim Ryan (Democratic) 78.2% ▌Duane Grassell (Republican) 21.8%
Ohio 18	Zack Space	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Zack Space (Democratic) 59.9% ▌Fred Dailey (Republican) 40.1%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Oklahoma 1	John Sullivan	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Sullivan (Republican) 66.2% ▌Georgianna Oliver (Democratic) 33.8%
Oklahoma 2	Dan Boren	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dan Boren (Democratic) 70.5% ▌Raymond Wickson (Republican) 29.5%
Oklahoma 3	Frank Lucas	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Frank Lucas (Republican) 69.7% ▌Frankie Robbins (Democratic) 23.6% ▌Forrest Michael (Independent) 6.7%
Oklahoma 4	Tom Cole	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tom Cole (Republican) 66.0% ▌Blake Cummings (Democratic) 29.2% ▌David E. Joyce (Independent) 4.8%
Oklahoma 5	Mary Fallin	Republican	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mary Fallin (Republican) 65.9% ▌Stephen L. Perry (Democratic) 34.1%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Oregon 1	David Wu	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y David Wu (Democratic) 71.5% ▌Joel Haugen (Independent) 17.5% ▌Scott Semrau (Constitution) 4.3% ▌H. Joe Tabor (Libertarian) 3.3% ▌Chris Henry (Pacific Green) 2.1%
Oregon 2	Greg Walden	Republican	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Greg Walden (Republican) 69.5% ▌Noah Lemas (Democratic) 25.8% ▌Tristin Mock (Pacific Green) 2.8% ▌Richard Hake (Constitution) 1.7%
Oregon 3	Earl Blumenauer	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Earl Blumenauer (Democratic) 74.5% ▌Delia Lopez (Republican) 20.8% ▌Michael Meo (Pacific Green) 4.4%
Oregon 4	Peter DeFazio	Democratic	1986	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Peter DeFazio (Democratic) 82.3% ▌Jaynee Germond (Constitution) 12.9% ▌Mike Beilstein (Pacific Green) 3.9%
Oregon 5	Darlene Hooley	Democratic	1996	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Kurt Schrader (Democratic) 54.3% ▌Mike Erickson (Republican) 38.3% ▌Sean Bates (Independent) 2.0% ▌Douglas Patterson (Constitution) 2.0% ▌Alex Polikoff (Pacific Green) 1.6% ▌Steve Milligan (Libertarian) 1.4%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Pennsylvania 1	Bob Brady	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bob Brady (Democratic) 90.8% ▌Mike Muhammad (Republican) 9.2%
Pennsylvania 2	Chaka Fattah	Democratic	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chaka Fattah (Democratic) 88.9% ▌Adam Lang (Republican) 11.1%
Pennsylvania 3	Phil English	Republican	1994	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Kathy Dahlkemper (Democratic) 51.2% ▌Phil English (Republican) 48.8%
Pennsylvania 4	Jason Altmire	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jason Altmire (Democratic) 55.9% ▌Melissa Hart (Republican) 44.1%
Pennsylvania 5	John E. Peterson	Republican	1996	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Glenn Thompson (Republican) 56.7% ▌Mark McCracken (Democratic) 41.0% ▌James Fryman (Libertarian) 2.2%
Pennsylvania 6	Jim Gerlach	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Gerlach (Republican) 52.1% ▌Bob Roggio (Democratic) 47.9%
Pennsylvania 7	Joe Sestak	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joe Sestak (Democratic) 59.6% ▌Craig Williams (Republican) 40.4%
Pennsylvania 8	Patrick Murphy	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Patrick Murphy (Democratic) 56.8% ▌Tom Manion (Republican) 41.6% ▌Tom Lingenfelter (Independent) 1.6%
Pennsylvania 9	Bill Shuster	Republican	2001	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bill Shuster (Republican) 63.9% ▌Tony Barr (Democratic) 36.1%
Pennsylvania 10	Chris Carney	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chris Carney (Democratic) 56.3% ▌Chris Hackett (Republican) 43.7%
Pennsylvania 11	Paul Kanjorski	Democratic	1984	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Paul Kanjorski (Democratic) 51.6% ▌Lou Barletta (Republican) 48.4%
Pennsylvania 12	John Murtha	Democratic	1974	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Murtha (Democratic) 57.9% ▌William Russell (Republican) 42.1%
Pennsylvania 13	Allyson Schwartz	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Allyson Schwartz (Democratic) 62.8% ▌John McDermott (Constitution) 2.7%
Pennsylvania 14	Michael F. Doyle	Democratic	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Michael F. Doyle (Democratic) 91.3% ▌Titus North (Green) 8.7%
Pennsylvania 15	Charlie Dent	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charlie Dent (Republican) 58.6% ▌Sam Bennett (Democratic) 41.4%
Pennsylvania 16	Joe Pitts	Republican	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joe Pitts (Republican) 55.8% ▌Bruce Slater (Democratic) 39.4% ▌John Murphy (Independent) 3.9% ▌Daniel Frank (Constitution) 0.9%
Pennsylvania 17	Tim Holden	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tim Holden (Democratic) 63.7% ▌Toni Gilhooley (Republican) 36.3%
Pennsylvania 18	Tim Murphy	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tim Murphy (Republican) 64.1% ▌Steve O'Donnell (Democratic) 35.9%
Pennsylvania 19	Todd Platts	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Todd Platts (Republican) 66.6% ▌Phil Avillo (Democratic) 33.4%

See Non-voting delegates, below.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Rhode Island 1	Patrick J. Kennedy	Democratic	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Patrick J. Kennedy (Democratic) 68.6% ▌Jonathan Scott (Republican) 24.3% ▌Kenneth Capalbo (Independent) 7.1%
Rhode Island 2	Jim Langevin	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Langevin (Democratic) 70.1% ▌Mark Zaccaria (Republican) 29.9%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Carolina 1	Henry E. Brown Jr.	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Henry E. Brown Jr. (Republican) 51.9% ▌Linda Ketner (Democratic) 47.9%
South Carolina 2	Addison G. Wilson	Republican	2001 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Addison G. Wilson (Republican) 53.7% ▌Robert Miller (Democratic) 46.2%
South Carolina 3	J. Gresham Barrett	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y J. Gresham Barrett (Republican) 64.7% ▌Jane Ballard Dyer (Democratic) 35.2%
South Carolina 4	Bob Inglis	Republican	1992 1998 (retired) 2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bob Inglis (Republican) 60.1% ▌Paul Corden (Democratic) 36.9% ▌C. Faye Walters (Green) 2.4%
South Carolina 5	John Spratt	Democratic	1982	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Spratt (Democratic) 61.6% ▌Albert F. Spencer (Republican) 37.0% ▌Frank Waggoner (Constitution) 1.3%
South Carolina 6	Jim Clyburn	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Clyburn (Democratic) 67.5% ▌Nancy Harrelson (Republican) 32.5%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Dakota at-large	Stephanie Herseth Sandlin	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (Democratic) 67.6% ▌Chris Lien (Republican) 32.4%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Tennessee 1	David Davis	Republican	2006	Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold.	▌Y Phil Roe (Republican) 71.8% ▌Rob Russell (Democratic) 24.5% ▌Joel Goodman (Independent) 1.7% ▌James Reeves (Independent) 1.1% ▌Thomas Owens (Independent) 0.8%
Tennessee 2	Jimmy Duncan	Republican	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jimmy Duncan (Republican) 78.1% ▌Bob Scott (Democratic) 21.9%
Tennessee 3	Zach Wamp	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Zach Wamp (Republican) 69.4% ▌Doug Vandagriff (Democratic) 27.4% ▌Jean Howard-Hill (Independent) 1.8% ▌Ed Choate (Independent) 1.4%
Tennessee 4	Lincoln Davis	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lincoln Davis (Democratic) 58.8% ▌Monty Lankford (Republican) 37.8% ▌James Anthony Gray (Independent) 1.9% ▌Kevin Ragsdale (Independent) 1.5%
Tennessee 5	Jim Cooper	Democratic	1982 1994 (retired) 2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Cooper (Democratic) 65.9% ▌Gerard Donovan (Republican) 31.0% ▌Jon Jackson (Independent) 2.0% ▌John Miglietta (Green) 1.2%
Tennessee 6	Bart Gordon	Democratic	1984	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bart Gordon (Democratic) 74.4% ▌Chris Baker (Independent) 25.6%
Tennessee 7	Marsha Blackburn	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Marsha Blackburn (Republican) 68.6% ▌Randy Morris (Democratic) 31.4%
Tennessee 8	John Tanner	Democratic	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Tanner (Democratic) Uncontested
Tennessee 9	Steve Cohen	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Steve Cohen (Democratic) 87.9% ▌Jake Ford (Independent) 4.9% ▌Dewey Clark (Independent) 4.4% ▌Mary Wright (Independent) 2.8%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Texas 1	Louie Gohmert	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Louie Gohmert (Republican) 87.6% ▌Roger Owen (Independent) 12.4%
Texas 2	Ted Poe	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ted Poe (Republican) 88.9% ▌Craig Wolfe (Libertarian) 11.1%
Texas 3	Sam Johnson	Republican	1991	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Sam Johnson (Republican) 59.7% ▌Tom Daley (Democratic) 38.0% ▌Christopher J. Claytor (Libertarian) 2.2%
Texas 4	Ralph Hall	Republican	1980[d]	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ralph Hall (Republican) 68.8% ▌Glenn Melancon (Democratic) 29.3% ▌Fred Annett (Libertarian) 1.9%
Texas 5	Jeb Hensarling	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jeb Hensarling (Republican) 83.6% ▌Ken Ashby (Libertarian) 16.4%
Texas 6	Joe Barton	Republican	1984	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joe Barton (Republican) 62.0% ▌Ludwig Otto (Democratic) 35.6% ▌Max Koch (Libertarian) 2.4%
Texas 7	John Culberson	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Culberson (Republican) 55.9% ▌Michael Skelly (Democratic) 42.4% ▌Drew P. Parks (Libertarian) 1.7%
Texas 8	Kevin Brady	Republican	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Kevin Brady (Republican) 72.6% ▌Kent Hargett (Democratic) 24.8% ▌Brian Stevens (Libertarian) 2.7%
Texas 9	Al Green	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Al Green (Democratic) 93.6% ▌Brad Walters (Libertarian) 6.4%
Texas 10	Michael McCaul	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Michael McCaul (Republican) 53.9% ▌Larry Joe Doherty (Democratic) 43.1% ▌Matt Finkel (Libertarian) 3.0%
Texas 11	Mike Conaway	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Conaway (Republican) 88.3% ▌John Strohm (Libertarian) 11.7%
Texas 12	Kay Granger	Republican	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Kay Granger (Republican) 67.6% ▌Tracey Smith (Democratic) 30.6% ▌Shiloh Sidney Shambaugh (Libertarian) 1.8%
Texas 13	Mac Thornberry	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mac Thornberry (Republican) 77.6% ▌Roger Waun (Democratic) 22.4%
Texas 14	Ron Paul	Republican	1976 (special) 1976 (defeated) 1978 1984 (retired) 1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ron Paul (Republican) Uncontested
Texas 15	Rubén Hinojosa	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rubén Hinojosa (Democratic) 65.7% ▌Eddie Zamora (Republican) 31.9% ▌Gricha Raether (Libertarian) 2.3%
Texas 16	Silvestre Reyes	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Silvestre Reyes (Democratic) 82.1% ▌Mette Baker (Libertarian) 10.3% ▌Ben Mendoza (Independent) 7.6%
Texas 17	Chet Edwards	Democratic	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chet Edwards (Democratic) 53.0% ▌Rob Curnock (Republican) 45.5% ▌Gardner Osborne (Libertarian) 1.5%
Texas 18	Sheila Jackson Lee	Democratic	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Sheila Jackson Lee (Democratic) 77.3% ▌John Faulk (Republican) 20.3% ▌Mike Taylor (Libertarian) 2.3%
Texas 19	Randy Neugebauer	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Randy Neugebauer (Republican) 72.4% ▌Dwight Fullingim (Democratic) 24.9% ▌Chip Peterson (Libertarian) 2.6%
Texas 20	Charlie González	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charlie González (Democratic) 71.9% ▌Robert Litoff (Republican) 25.2% ▌Michael Idrogo (Libertarian) 2.9%
Texas 21	Lamar S. Smith	Republican	1986	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lamar S. Smith (Republican) 80.0% ▌James Arthur Strohm (Libertarian) 20.0%
Texas 22	Nick Lampson	Democratic	1996 2004 (defeated) 2006	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌Y Pete Olson (Republican) 52.4% ▌Nick Lampson (Democratic) 45.4% ▌John Wieder (Libertarian) 2.2%
Texas 23	Ciro Rodriguez	Democratic	1997 (special) 2004 (lost renomination) 2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ciro Rodriguez (Democratic) 55.8% ▌Lyle Larson (Republican) 41.9% ▌Lani Connolly (Libertarian) 2.3%
Texas 24	Kenny Marchant	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Kenny Marchant (Republican) 56.0% ▌Tom Love (Democratic) 41.1% ▌David Casey (Libertarian) 2.9%
Texas 25	Lloyd Doggett	Democratic	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lloyd Doggett (Democratic) 65.8% ▌George Morovich (Republican) 30.4% ▌Jim Stutsman (Libertarian) 3.7%
Texas 26	Michael C. Burgess	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Michael C. Burgess (Republican) 60.2% ▌Ken Leach (Democratic) 36.4% ▌Stephanie Weiss (Libertarian) 3.4%
Texas 27	Solomon P. Ortiz	Democratic	1982	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Solomon P. Ortiz (Democratic) 57.9% ▌Willie Vaden (Republican) 38.4% ▌Robert Powell (Libertarian) 3.7%
Texas 28	Henry Cuellar	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Henry Cuellar (Democratic) 68.7% ▌Jim Fish (Republican) 29.2% ▌Ross Lynn Leone (Libertarian) 2.1%
Texas 29	Gene Green	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Gene Green (Democratic) 74.6% ▌Eric Story (Republican) 23.9% ▌Joel Grace (Libertarian) 1.5%
Texas 30	Eddie Bernice Johnson	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Eddie Bernice Johnson (Democratic) 82.5% ▌Fred Wood (Republican) 15.9% ▌Jarrett R. Woods (Libertarian) 1.6%
Texas 31	John Carter	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Carter (Republican) 60.3% ▌Brian Ruiz (Democratic) 36.6% ▌Barry Cooper (Libertarian) 3.1%
Texas 32	Pete Sessions	Republican	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Pete Sessions (Republican) 57.2% ▌Eric Roberson (Democratic) 40.6% ▌Alex Bischoff (Libertarian) 2.2%

See Non-voting delegates, below.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Utah 1	Rob Bishop	Republican	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rob Bishop (Republican) 64.9% ▌Morgan Bowen (Democratic) 30.5% ▌Kirk Pearson (Constitution) 2.4% ▌Joseph Geddes Buchman (Libertarian) 2.2%
Utah 2	Jim Matheson	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Matheson (Democratic) 63.4% ▌Bill Dew (Republican) 34.5% ▌Matthew Arndt (Libertarian) 1.3% ▌Dennis Ray Emery (Constitution) 0.8%
Utah 3	Chris Cannon	Republican	1996	Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold.	▌Y Jason Chaffetz (Republican) 65.6% ▌Bennion L. Spencer (Democratic) 28.3% ▌Jim Noorlander (Constitution) 6.1%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Vermont at-large	Peter Welch	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌▌Y Peter Welch (Democratic & Republican) 83.2% ▌Mike Bethel (Independent) 4.8% ▌Jerry Trudell (Energy Independence) 3.6% ▌Thomas James Herman (Vermont Progressive) 3.0% ▌Cris Ericson (Marijuana) 2.6% ▌Jane Newton (Liberty Union) 1.7%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Virginia 1	Rob Wittman	Republican	2007	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rob Wittman (Republican) 56.6% ▌Bill Day (Democratic) 41.8% ▌Nathan Larson (Libertarian) 1.5%
Virginia 2	Thelma Drake	Republican	2004	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Glenn Nye (Democratic) 52.4% ▌Thelma Drake (Republican) 47.5%
Virginia 3	Robert C. Scott	Democratic	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Robert C. Scott (Democratic) 97.0%
Virginia 4	Randy Forbes	Republican	2001	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Randy Forbes (Republican) 59.6% ▌Andrea Miller (Democratic) 40.2%
Virginia 5	Virgil Goode	Republican	1996[e]	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Tom Perriello (Democratic) 50.1% ▌Virgil Goode (Republican) 49.9%
Virginia 6	Bob Goodlatte	Republican	1992	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bob Goodlatte (Republican) 61.6% ▌Sam Rasoul (Democratic) 36.6% ▌Janice Lee Allen (Independent) 1.7%
Virginia 7	Eric Cantor	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Eric Cantor (Republican) 62.7% ▌Anita Hartke (Democratic) 37.1%
Virginia 8	Jim Moran	Democratic	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Moran (Democratic) 67.9% ▌Mark Ellmore (Republican) 29.7% ▌J. Ron Fisher (Independent Green) 2.1%
Virginia 9	Rick Boucher	Democratic	1982	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rick Boucher (Democratic) 97.1%
Virginia 10	Frank Wolf	Republican	1980	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Frank Wolf (Republican) 58.8% ▌Judy Feder (Democratic) 38.8% ▌Neeraj Nigam (Independent) 2.2%
Virginia 11	Thomas M. Davis	Republican	1994	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Gerry Connolly (Democratic) 54.7% ▌Keith Fimian (Republican) 43.0% ▌Joseph Oddo (Independent Green) 2.0%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Washington 1	Jay Inslee	Democratic	1992 1994 (defeated) 1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jay Inslee (Democratic) 67.8% ▌Larry Ishmael (Republican) 32.2%
Washington 2	Rick Larsen	Democratic	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rick Larsen (Democratic) 62.4% ▌Rick Bart (Republican) 37.6%
Washington 3	Brian Baird	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Brian Baird (Democratic) 64.0% ▌Michael Delavar (Republican) 36.0%
Washington 4	Doc Hastings	Republican	1994	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Doc Hastings (Republican) 63.1% ▌George Fearing (Democratic) 36.9%
Washington 5	Cathy McMorris Rodgers	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Cathy McMorris Rodgers (Republican) 65.3% ▌Mark Mays (Democratic) 34.7%
Washington 6	Norm Dicks	Democratic	1976	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Norm Dicks (Democratic) 66.9% ▌Doug Cloud (Republican) 33.1%
Washington 7	Jim McDermott	Democratic	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim McDermott (Democratic) 83.6% ▌Steve Beren (Republican) 16.4%
Washington 8	Dave Reichert	Republican	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dave Reichert (Republican) 52.8% ▌Darcy Burner (Democratic) 47.2%
Washington 9	Adam Smith	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Adam Smith (Democratic) 65.5% ▌James Postma (Republican) 34.5%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
West Virginia 1	Alan Mollohan	Democratic	1982	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Alan Mollohan (Democratic) 99.9%
West Virginia 2	Shelley Moore Capito	Republican	2000	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Shelley Moore Capito (Republican) 57.1% ▌Anne Barth (Democratic) 42.9%
West Virginia 3	Nick Rahall	Democratic	1976	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Nick Rahall (Democratic) 66.9% ▌Marty Gearheart (Republican) 33.1%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Wisconsin 1	Paul Ryan	Republican	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Paul Ryan (Republican) 64.0% ▌Marge Krupp (Democratic) 34.7% ▌Joseph Kexel (Libertarian) 1.3%
Wisconsin 2	Tammy Baldwin	Democratic	1998	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tammy Baldwin (Democratic) 69.3% ▌Peter Theron (Republican) 30.6%
Wisconsin 3	Ron Kind	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ron Kind (Democratic) 63.2% ▌Paul Stark (Republican) 34.4% ▌Kevin Barrett (Libertarian) 2.3%
Wisconsin 4	Gwen Moore	Democratic	2004	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Gwen Moore (Democratic) 87.6% ▌Michael LaForest (Independent) 11.5%
Wisconsin 5	Jim Sensenbrenner	Republican	1978	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jim Sensenbrenner (Republican) 79.6% ▌Robert R. Raymond (Independent) 20.2%
Wisconsin 6	Tom Petri	Republican	1979	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tom Petri (Republican) 63.7% ▌Roger Kittelson (Democratic) 36.2%
Wisconsin 7	Dave Obey	Democratic	1969	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Dave Obey (Democratic) 60.8% ▌Dan Mielke (Republican) 39.1%
Wisconsin 8	Steve Kagen	Democratic	2006	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Steve Kagen (Democratic) 54.0% ▌John Gard (Republican) 45.9%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Wyoming at-large	Barbara Cubin	Republican	1994	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Cynthia Lummis (Republican) 52.6% ▌Gary Trauner (Democratic) 42.8% ▌W. David Herbert (Libertarian) 4.4%

District	Incumbent			This race
	Delegate	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
American Samoa at-large	Eni Faleomavaega	Democratic	1988	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Eni Faleomavaega (Democratic) 60.4% ▌Amata Coleman Radewagen (Republican) 35.0% ▌Rosie F. Tago Lancaster (Independent) 4.6%
District of Columbia at-large	Eleanor Holmes Norton	Democratic	1990	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Eleanor Holmes Norton (Democratic) 92.3% ▌Maude Hills (Green) 6.8%
Guam at-large	Madeleine Bordallo	Democratic	2002	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Madeleine Bordallo (Democratic) Uncontested
Northern Mariana Islands at-large	New seat			New seat. New delegate elected. Independent gain.	▌Y Gregorio Sablan (Independent) 24.5% ▌Pedro Tenorio (Republican) 20.7% ▌John Gonzales (Independent) 18.7% ▌Juan Lizama (Independent) 17.3% ▌Luis Cristostimo (Independent) 9.5% ▌David Cing (Democratic) 2.9% ▌Felipe Atalig (Independent) 2.5% ▌Chong Won (Independent) 2.4% ▌John Davis (Independent) 1.5%
Puerto Rico at-large	Luis Fortuño	New Progressive/ Republican	2004	Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Puerto Rico. New resident commissioner elected. New Progressive hold. Democratic gain.	▌Y Pedro Pierluisi (PNP/Democratic)[58] 53.1% ▌Alfredo Salazar (PPD/Democratic) 42.5% ▌Carlos Alberto Velazquez Lopez (PPPR) 2.4% ▌Jessica Martinez (PIP) 2.0%
U.S. Virgin Islands at-large	Donna Christian-Christensen	Democratic	1996	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Donna Christian-Christensen (Democratic) 99.6%

• 2008 United States elections
  • 2008 United States gubernatorial elections
  • 2008 United States presidential election
  • 2008 United States Senate elections
• 110th United States Congress
• 111th United States Congress

• "House Competitive Race Charts". The Cook Political Report.
• "House: Races to Watch". CQ Politics. Archived from the original on December 13, 2007.
• "2008 House Ratings". The Rothenberg Political Report.
• "House Outlook". Larry Sabato's Crystal Ball.
• United States Election 2008 Web Archive from the U.S. Library of Congress

• Hispanic Americans in Congress
• This Nation
• Congressional Pictorial Directory