Timeline of the Karluks

This is a timeline of the Karluks. The Kara-Khanid Khanate is also included; however, it is disputed whether the Karluks or Yagmas were the dominant group within the khanate.

7th century

Year Date Event
600 Karluks migrate into Tokharistan[1]

8th century

Year Date Event
742 The Karluks, Basmyls, and Uyghurs revolt against the Second Turkic Khaganate and Kutluk Yabgu Khagan is killed[2]
745 Hostilities between the Uyghurs and Karluks force the Karluks to migrate west into Zhetysu[2]
751 Battle of Talas: Karluks switch sides from the Tang dynasty to the Abbasids, resulting in Tang defeat[2]
766 Karluks annex the Turgesh in Zhetysu[3]
791 Karluks attack Beshbalik but are defeated by Uyghurs[4]

9th century

Year Date Event
821 Uyghurs invade Karluk territory and steal considerable booty[4]
839 Nuh ibn Asad of the Samanids attacks the Karluks and captures Sayram[5]
840 Uyghur Khaganate falls and Bilge Kul Qadir Khan of the Karluks declares himself khagan of the Kara-Khanid Khanate[5]
893 Isma'il ibn Ahmad of the Samanids attacks the Karluks and conquers Taraz[5]
Bilge Kul Qadir Khan dies and Bazir Arslan Khan succeeds him

10th century

Year Date Event
920 Bazir Arslan Khan dies and his brother Oghulcak Khan succeeds him
932 The future Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan converts to Islam
940 Oghulcak Khan dies and Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan succeeds him
955 Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan dies and Musa Bughra Khan succeeds him
958 Musa Bughra Khan dies and Suleyman Arslan Khan succeeds him
970 Suleyman Arslan Khan dies and Ali Arslan Khan succeeds him
976 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Ilaq[6]
980 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Kashgar[7]
990 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Sayram (city)[6]
991 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Fergana[8]
992 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Bukhara but immediately loses it again to the Samanids[9]
996 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Chach[9]
997 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Samarkand[9]
998 Ali Arslan Khan dies and Ahmad Arslan Qara Khan succeeds him
999 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Bukhara[6]

11th century

Year Date Event
1006 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Khotan[10]
1008 Kara-Khanid Khanate attacks the Ghaznavids but is defeated[10]
1017 Ahmad Arslan Qara Khan dies and Mansur Arslan Khan succeeds him
Liao dynasty attacks the Kara-Khanid Khanate but is repulsed[11]
1024 Mansur Arslan Khan dies and Muhammad Toghan Khan succeeds him
1020 Ali-Tegin, brother of Yusuf Qadir Khan, seizes Bukhara and occupies Sogdia
1024 Ali-Tegin is defeated Yusuf Qadir Khan but recaptures his former territories after his enemies retreat
1026 Muhammad Toghan Khan dies and Yusuf Qadir Khan succeeds him
1032 Battle of Dabusiyya: Altun Tash of the Ghaznavids attacks Ali-Tegin and the battle ends inconclusively
Yusuf Qadir Khan dies
1034 Ali-Tegin dies and Ebu Shuca Sulayman succeeds him
1042 The Kara-Khanid Khanate splits into eastern and western branches - Ebu Shuca Sulayman continues to control the Eastern Karakhanids while Muhammad Arslan Qara Khan controls the Western Karakhanids
1050 Eastern Karakhanids conquer Kucha and Qiemo[10]
1052 Muhammad Arslan Qara Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Böritigin succeeds him
1056 Ebu Shuca Sulayman of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Muhammad bin Yusuph succeeds him
1057 Muhammad bin Yusuph of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and İbrahim bin Muhammad Khan succeeds him
1059 İbrahim bin Muhammad Khan of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Mahmud succeeds him
1068 Böritigin of the Western Karakhanids dies and Nasr Shams al-Mulk succeeds him
1075 İbrahim bin Muhammad Khan of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Umar succeeds him, and Ebu Ali el-Hasan succeeds him
1080 Nasr Shams al-Mulk of the Western Karakhanids dies and Khidr succeeds him
1081 Khidr of the Western Karakhanids dies and Ahmad succeeds him
1089 Seljuk Empire conquers Bukhara and Samarkand and vassalizes the Kara-Khanid Khanate
Ahmad of the Western Karakhanids is restored to power but is killed by the ulama and Ya'qub Qadir Khan succeeds him
1095 Ya'qub Qadir Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Mas'ud succeeds him
1097 Mas'ud of the Western Karakhanids dies and Sulayman Qadir Tamghach succeeds him, and Mahmud Arslan Khan succeeds him
1099 Mahmud Arslan Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Jibrail Arslan Khan succeeds him

12th century

Year Date Event
1102 Jibrail Arslan Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Muhammad Arslan Khan succeeds him
Ebu Ali el-Hasan of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Ahmad Khan succeeds him
1128 Ahmad Khan of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and İbrahim bin Ahmad succeeds him
1129 Muhammad Arslan Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Nasr succeeds him, and Ahmad Qadir Khan succeeds him
1130 Ahmad Qadir Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Hasan Jalal ad-Dunya succeeds him
Seljuk Empire conquers Samarkand[12]
1132 Hasan Jalal ad-Dunya of the Western Karakhanids dies and Ibrahim Rukn ad-Dunya succeeds him, and Mahmud succeeds him
1133 Qara Khitai conquers Balasagun[13]
1137 Western Karakhanids are defeated by Qara Khitai at Khujand[13]
1141 Battle of Qatwan: The Qara Khitai defeat the Seljuk Empire and vassalizes the Khwarazmian dynasty, the Kingdom of Qocho, and the Kara-Khanid Khanate[13]
Mahmud of the Western Karakhanids dies and Ibrahim Tabghach Khan succeeds him
1156 Ibrahim Tabghach Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Mas'ud Tabghach Khan succeeds him
1158 İbrahim bin Ahmad of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Muhammad bin İbrahim succeeds him
1160 Western Kharakhanids conquer Balkh[14]
1171 Mas'ud Tabghach Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Muhammad Tabghach Khan succeeds him
1178 Muhammad Tabghach Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Ibrahim Arslan Khan succeeds him

13th century

Year Date Event
1204 Qara Khitai and Karakhanid troops aid Khwarazmian dynasty in fighting the Ghurid dynasty[15]
Ibrahim Arslan Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Uthman Ulugh Sultan succeeds him
1205 Yusuph bin Muhammad of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Ebul Feth Muhammad succeeds him
1211 Eastern Karakhanids are eliminated in a revolt in Kashgar
1212 Muhammad II of Khwarezm annexes the Western Karakhanids[15]

References

  1. ^ Bregel 2003, p. 16.
  2. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 18.
  3. ^ Asimov 1998, p. 33.
  4. ^ a b Golden 1992, p. 198.
  5. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 20.
  6. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 22.
  7. ^ Bregel 2003, p. 23.
  8. ^ Davidovich 1998, p. 121.
  9. ^ a b c Davidovich 1998, p. 122.
  10. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 26.
  11. ^ Grousset 2004, p. 133.
  12. ^ Davidovich 1998, p. 131.
  13. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 30.
  14. ^ Bregel 2003, p. 32.
  15. ^ a b Bregel 2003, p. 34.

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