Timeline of Clermont-Ferrand

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Early history

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Ancient
Prehistory  
Greek colonies 600 BC – 49 BC
Celtic Gaul   until 50 BC
Roman Gaul 50 BC – 486 AD
Middle Ages
Francia and the Frankish settlement  
Merovingians 481–751
Carolingians 751–987
    West Francia 843–987
Kingdom of France 987–1792
    Direct Capetians 987–1328
    Valois 1328–1498
Early modern
Ancien Régime
Valois-Orléans kings 1498–1515
Valois-Angoulême kings 1515–1589
Bourbon kings 1589–1792
Long 19th century
French Revolution 1789–1799
Kingdom of France 1791–1792
First Republic 1792–1804
First Empire 1804–1814
Restoration 1814–1830
July Monarchy 1830–1848
Second Republic 1848–1852
Second Empire 1852–1870
Third Republic 1870–1940
    Belle Époque 1871–1914
20th century
Third Republic 1870–1940
    Interwar period 1919–1939
        Années folles 1920–1929
 1940–1944
Provisional Republic 1944–1946
Fourth Republic 1946–1958
Fifth Republic 1958–present
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  • 1st C. BCE – Augustonemetum founded at near Nemossos, the ancient capital of the Arverni
  • 2nd C. CE – Augustonemetum has grown into a city, with a population estimated at between 15,000 and 30,000
  • 3rd C. CE
  • 4th C. CE – the settlement is now known as Arvernis, with a population estimated at 700 people; the Roman Catholic diocese of Clermont is established.[1] Five gates are built into the fortifications, while the rest of the Roman city lies in ruins.
  • 5th C. – Abbey of Saint Allyre construction begins.
  • 471/475 – Arvernis besieged by the Visigoths; part of the Visigothic kingdom until the Frankish conquest in 507.
  • 535 – Council of Clermont (535).[2]
  • 549 – Second council of Clermont.[2]
  • 587 – Third council of Clermont.[2][3]

Medieval to early modern

  • 761 – Pepin the Short pillages urbs Arverna and takes its fort, Claremontem Castrum in the Siege of Clermont (761).
  • 848 – first mention of the name Clermont (Clarus Mons) as the name of the city; Arvernis remains in use as alongside Clermont at least until the end of the 9th century.
  • 862 – city destroyed by Vikings and rebuilt under bishop Sigon
  • 898/910 – city again pillaged by Vikings
  • 946 – traditional date for the consecration of the Romanesque cathedral built under bishop Stephen II.
  • 1095 – Council of Clermont: pope gives speech that starts the First Crusade.[2]
  • 12th C. – Basilica of Notre-Dame du Port rebuilt (approximate date).[2]
  • 1130 – Religious council held in Clermont.[2]
  • 13th C. – Construction of gothic-style Clermont Cathedral begins.[2]
  • 1273 – Chapelle des Cordeliers (Clermont-Ferrand) construction begins.
  • 15th C. – Château de Rabanesse construction begins.[4]
  • 1515 – Fontaine d'Amboise (fountain) erected by Jacques d'Amboise.[2]
  • 1623 – 19 June: Birth of Blaise Pascal.
  • 1665 – Grands jours d'Auvergne begin.[2]
  • 1675 – Collège des Jésuites de Clermont-Ferrand building construction begins.[5]
  • 1731 – Towns of Clermont and Montferrand merge to become "Clermont Montferrand."[2]
  • 1747 – Clermont-Ferrand Academy of Sciences, Humanities and Arts founded.[6]
  • 1790 – Clermont-Ferrand becomes part of the Puy-de-Dôme souveraineté.[7]

19th century

  • 1801
    • Cantons of Clermont-Est, Clermont-Nord, Clermont-Sud, and Clermont-Sud-Ouest created[7]
    • Fontaine de la Pyramide erected
  • 1806 – Population: 30,982[7]
  • 1826 – Chamber of Commerce established[8]
  • 1844 – Hôtel de Ville completed.[9]
  • 1855
  • 1858 – Fontaine des Quatre-Saisons (Clermont-Ferrand) installed in the Place de la Rodade
  • 1862 – Clermont-Ferrand Synagogue[11] and Church of Saint Eutropius built
  • 1886 – Population: 46,718[12]
  • 1889 – Michelin et Cie in business[13]
  • 1890 – Clermont-Ferrand tramway initiated
  • 1894 – Société d'histoire naturelle d'Auvergne established[14]
  • 1895 – Fontaine d'Urbain II installed in the Place de la Victoire (Clermont-Ferrand)
  • 1896 – Avenir du Puy-de-Dôme newspaper begins publication[10]

20th century

  • 1906 – Galeries de Jaude (shop) built.
  • 1911 – Population: 65,386.[15]
  • 1919 – La Montagne newspaper begins publication.
  • 1921 – Population: 82,577.[7]
  • 1926 – Population: 111,711.[7]
  • 1940
    • June: City briefly occupied by German forces.[16]
    • July: City becomes temporary seat of government of France, which shortly relocates to Vichy.[16]
  • 1944 – Le Semeur Hebdo begins publication.
  • 1961
    • Gare routière (Clermont-Ferrand) built.
    • Association Montferrand Renaissance founded.[17]
  • 1974 – Jardin botanique de la Charme (garden) created.
  • 1975 – Population: 156,763.[7]
  • 1977 – Islamic community of Clermont-Ferrand established in the former Refuge du Bon Pasteur chapel.[18][19]
  • 1979 – Maison des Congrès et de la Culture (Clermont-Ferrand) in use.
  • 1982
  • 1995 – Radio Campus Clermont-Ferrand begins broadcasting.
  • 1999
    • Polydome convention centre opens.
    • Population: 137,140.[7]

21st century

See also

other cities in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region

References

  1. ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: France". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Britannica 1910.
  3. ^ Charles Daniel (1903). "Conciles particuliers". Manuel des sciences sacrées (in French). Paris: Delhomme & Briguet. (chronological list)
  4. ^ Base Mérimée: Château de Rabanesse, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  5. ^ Base Mérimée: Ancien collège des Jésuites, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  6. ^ Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Clermont-Ferrand, EHESS (in French).
  8. ^ United States Department of Commerce; Archibald J. Wolfe (1915). "List of Chambers". Commercial Organizations in France. USA: Government Printing Office.
  9. ^ "Hôtel de ville de Clermont-Ferrand". Clermont Auvergne Volcans. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
  10. ^ a b A. de Chambure (1914). A travers la presse (in French). Paris: Fert, Albouy & cie.
  11. ^ Base Mérimée: Synagogue, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  12. ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1890. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590527.
  13. ^ History of the Michelin Group (timeline), Michelin, retrieved 30 December 2015
  14. ^ "Sociétés savantes de France (Clermont-Ferrand)" (in French). Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  15. ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
  16. ^ a b Sweets 1986.
  17. ^ "Association Montferrand renaissance". Data.bnf.fr. Bibliothèque nationale de France. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  18. ^ "À Clermont-Ferrand, la chapelle devenue mosquée", Le Figaro (in French), Paris, 11 October 2012
  19. ^ a b "Religion: quand les sœurs prêtaient leur chapelle aux musulmans", Le Parisien (in French), 16 June 2015
  20. ^ "Résultats élections: Clermont-Ferrand", Le Monde (in French), retrieved 11 April 2022

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

in French

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