Kana ligature

kana gojūon
warayamahanatasakaa
wiri(yi)mihinichishikii
(wu)ruyumufunutsusukuu
were(ye)mehenetesekee
woroyomohonotosokoo
n
Kana modifiers and marks
Multi-moraic kana

In the Japanese writing system kana ligatures (Japanese: 合略仮名, Hepburn: gōryaku-gana) are ligatures in the kana writing system, both hiragana and katakana. Kana such as koto (ヿ; from 事) and shite (𬼀; from 為) are not kana ligatures, but polysyllabic kana.

Hardly any kana ligatures or polysyllabic kana are represented in standard character encodings.

History

These characters were widely used until a spelling reform of 1900 decreed that each sound (mora) would be represented by one (kana) character. They were not represented in computer character encodings until JIS X 0213:2000 (JIS2000) added yori and koto.

List

Hiragana ligature

historical/Hepburn image character Unicode origin
かしこ/kashiko - - 𛀚しこ
こと/koto - - こと[1][2]
ごと/goto ゙ - - ごと[1][2]
さま/sama - - さ𛃅[3][4]
- -
まゐらせさふらふ/mairasesōrō - - 参らせ候ふ
- -
より/yori ゟ U+309F より[3][4][2]

Polysyllabic hiragana

historical/Hepburn image character Unicode origin
なり/nari 𬼂 U+2CF02 也[3][2][5][6]

Katakana ligature

historical/Hepburn image character Unicode origin
トイフ/toyū - - ト云[3][7][8][9]
トキ/toki - - トキ[3][7][8][1][2][9]
トテ/tote - - トテ[3]
トモ/tomo 𪜈 U+2A708 トモ[3][7][8][1][2]
ドモ/domo 𪜈゙ ドモ
ヨリ/yori - - ヨリ[7][8][9]

Polysyllabic katakana

historical/Hepburn image character Unicode origin
イフ/yū - - 云
コト/koto ヿ U+30FF 事[3][7][8]
シテ/shite 𬼀 U+2CF00 為[7][8]
トキ/toki - - 時[7][8][9]
ナリ/nari 𬻿 U+2CEFF 也[7][8][9]

In Unicode

Character information
Preview
Unicode name HIRAGANA DIGRAPH YORI KATAKANA DIGRAPH KOTO CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A708 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2CEFF CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2CF00 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2CF02
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 12447 U+309F 12543 U+30FF 173832 U+2A708 184063 U+2CEFF 184064 U+2CF00 184066 U+2CF02
UTF-8 227 130 159 E3 82 9F 227 131 191 E3 83 BF 240 170 156 136 F0 AA 9C 88 240 172 187 191 F0 AC BB BF 240 172 188 128 F0 AC BC 80 240 172 188 130 F0 AC BC 82
UTF-16 12447 309F 12543 30FF 55401 57096 D869 DF08 55411 57087 D873 DEFF 55411 57088 D873 DF00 55411 57090 D873 DF02
Numeric character reference ゟ ゟ ヿ ヿ 𪜈 𪜈 𬻿 𬻿 𬼀 𬼀 𬼂 𬼂

See also

Look up 合略仮名 in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References

  1. ^ a b c d 普通日本文典 落合直文ほか 1893年
  2. ^ a b c d e f 和漢の文典 : 雅俗対照
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h 日本大文典. 第1編 P.42-45 落合直文 1894年
  4. ^ a b ことばの泉 : 日本大辞典 (21版) P.3 落合直文 1904年
  5. ^ 児玉幸多『くずし字解読辞典〔普及版〕』東京堂出版 1993年 ほか
  6. ^ 田島毓堂「法華経為字和訓考—資料編（三）—」名古屋大学文学部研究論集 1990年
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h 國語學大系 第七巻 文字(一) P.302-303 福井久蔵 1939年
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h 仮字本末 伴信友 1850年
  9. ^ a b c d e 操觚便覧藤井乙男編 1899年
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.