List of wars involving Thailand

This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of Thailand, its predecessor states, and by Siamese people, from antiquity to the present day. It also includes wars fought outside Thailand by the Thai military.

  Thai victory
  Thai defeat
  Another result
  Ongoing conflict

Sukhothai Kingdom

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Sukhothai-Champa War (1313)[1]

Location: Champa

Sukhothai Kingdom Kingdom of Champa

Trần dynasty

Champa defensive victory

Ayutthaya Kingdom

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Ayutthaya–Lan Na War
(1441–1474)[2]

Location: Northern Ayutthaya, Southern Lan Na[3]

Ayutthaya Kingdom[4] Kingdom of Lanna[4][5] Stalemate[5]
Burmese–Siamese War (1547–1549)

Location: Upper Tenessarim coast, western and central Siam

Ayutthaya Kingdom Toungoo dynasty Siamese defensive victory
  • The Burmese command decided to withdraw
  • Burma claims to regain Upper Tenasserim down to Tavoy (Dawei)
Burmese–Siamese War (1563–1564)

Location: Ayutthaya, Phitsanulok, Sukhothai

Ayutthaya Kingdom Toungoo dynasty
Vassal Lan Na
Vassal Sukhothai
Burmese victory
  • Ayutthaya becomes a Burmese vassal state
Burmese–Siamese War (1568–1569)

Location: Ayutthaya, Phitsanulok, Kamphaeng Phet and Lan Xang

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Kingdom of Lan Xang
Toungoo dynasty
Vassal Sukhothai
Burmese victory
  • Ayutthaya remains a Burmese vassal state
Burmese–Siamese War (1584–1593)

Location: Ayutthaya Kingdom and lower Tanintharyi Region

Ayutthaya Kingdom Toungoo dynasty Siamese victory
Siamese–Cambodian War (1591–1594)

Location: Cambodia

Ayutthaya Kingdom Cambodia Kingdom Siamese victory
  • Siamese sack of Longvek
Burmese–Siamese War (1593–1600)

Location: Southern and Central Myanmar

Ayutthaya Kingdom Toungoo dynasty Siamese victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1609–1622)

Location: Upper Tenasserim coast

Ayutthaya Kingdom Toungoo dynasty Burmese victory
Spanish-Siam War

(1624–1636)[6][7][8]

Ayutthaya Kingdom

Dutch East India Company

Iberian Union Siamese victory
  • Dutch hegemony on Southeast Asia
  • 150 Spaniards killed
Burmese–Siamese War (1662–1664)

Location: Northern Siam and Tenasserim coast

Ayutthaya Kingdom Toungoo dynasty Inconclusive
Burmese–Siamese War
(1675–1676)

Location: Tenasserim coast

Ayutthaya Kingdom Toungoo dynasty Military stalemate
Anglo-Siamese War
(1687–1688)

Location: Mergui and Coromandel coast

Ayutthaya Kingdom England
East India Company
Inconclusive
  • East India Company fails to blockade the port of Mergui
  • The ports of Siam were closed to East India Company vessels until 1708
  • The East India had resumed trade using foreign-flagged vessels as early as 1705
Siege of Bangkok
(June 1688 - November 13, 1688)

Location: Bangkok, Thailand

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Supported by:
: Dutch East India Company
Kingdom of France
French East India Company
Decisive Siamese victory
  • French negotiated retreat
Burmese–Siamese War
(1700–1701)

Location: Ayutthaya Kingdom

Ayutthaya Kingdom Toungoo dynasty Siamese defensive victory
  • Siam defeats Burmese invasion
Siamese–Vietnamese War (1717)[9][10]

Location: Cambodia

Ayutthaya Kingdom Nguyễn lords Siamese victory
  • Siam gains suzerainty of Cambodia
  • Vietnam annexes several border provinces of Cambodia
Burmese–Siamese War (1759–1760)

Location: Tenasserim, Siam

Ayutthaya Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Inconclusive
  • Burma captures the Tennasserim coast down to TavoyMergui frontier
Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)

Location: Tenasserim coast, Gulf of Siam coast, Suphanburi, Ayutthaya

Ayutthaya Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Burmese victory

Thonburi Kingdom

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results Notable battles
Thonburi reunification of Siam (1767–1771)
[11][12]

Location: Siam

State of Thonburi (Thonburi Kingdom) State of Phimai
State of Phitsanulok
State of Sawangburi
State of Nakhon Si Thammarat
Principality of Banteay Mas
Konbaung dynasty (Burma)
Thonburi victory
Siamese–Vietnamese War (1771–1773)[13][14]

Location: Cambodia, Southern Vietnam

Thonburi Kingdom Nguyễn Lords
Cambodia Kingdom
Hà Tiên polity
Siamese victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1775–1776)

Location: Northern and central Siam, Lan Na

Thonburi Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
Lao–Siamese War (1778–1779)

Location: Khorat Plateau

Thonburi Kingdom
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
Cambodia Kingdom
Kingdom of Vientiane
Kingdom of Champasak
Siamese victory
  • Lao kingdoms of Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak came under Siamese suzerainty.

Rattanakosin Kingdom

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results Notable battles
Siamese–Vietnamese War (1784–1785)

Location: Rạch Gầm River and Xoài Mút River, Southern Vietnam

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Cambodia Kingdom
Nguyễn lords
Hà Tiên Protectorate
Tây Sơn Decisive Tây Sơn Victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1785–1786)

Location: Western Siam

Rattanakosin Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
Tavoy campaign (1788)

Location:Tenasserim Coast

Rattanakosin Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Burmese defensive victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1792–1794)

Location:Tenasserim Coast

Rattanakosin Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Burmese defensive victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1797–1798)

Location: Lanna Kingdom, Northern Thailand

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Lanna Kingdom
Kingdom of Vientiane
Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1802–1805)

Location: Lanna Kingdom, Northern Thailand

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Lanna Kingdom
Kingdom of Vientiane
Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1809–1812)

Location: Phuket

Rattanakosin Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
Cambodian rebellion (1811–1812)

Location: Cambodia, Southern Vietnam

Cambodian pro-Siamese faction
Rattanakosin Kingdom
Cambodian pro-Vietnamese faction
Nguyễn dynasty
Cambodian pro-Vietnamese faction victory

Vietnamese forces restore Ang Chan to the Cambodian throne

Siamese invasion of Kedah
(1821)

Location: Kedah

Rattanakosin Kingdom Kedah Sultanate Siamese victory
  • Exile of Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II[15]
  • Imposition of direct Siamese rule on Kedah
  • Start of the Kedahan resistance[16]
First Anglo-Burmese War
(1824-1826)

Location: Burma, East Bengal, Manipur

British Empire Konbaung dynasty
    Siamese-allied victory
    Lao rebellion (1826–1828)

    Location: Central Laos

    Rattanakosin Kingdom Kingdom of Vientiane
    Kingdom of Champasak
    Military support:
    Nguyễn dynasty[a]
    Siamese victory
    Siamese–Vietnamese War (1831–1835)

    Location: Cambodia, Southern Vietnam

    Rattanakosin Kingdom Nguyễn dynasty Vietnamese victory
    • Cambodia becomes a vassal state of Vietnam
    Cambodian rebellion (1840)

    Location: Cambodia, Cochinchina

    Khmer anti-Vietnamese rebels
    Support:
    Rattanakosin Kingdom
    Nguyễn dynasty Siamese-allied Victory

    Siamese intervention
    Cambodia independence from Vietnam
    Cambodia came under joint Siamese-Vietnamese suzerainty

    Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–1845)

    Location: Cambodia, Southern Vietnam

    Rattanakosin Kingdom
    Khmer anti-Vietnamese rebels
    Nguyễn dynasty Stalemate
    Burmese–Siamese War (1849–1855)

    Location: Kengtung, Trans-Salween region

    Rattanakosin Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Burmese defensive victory
    Haw wars
    (1865–1890)

    Location: Eastern Cambodia,

    Rattanakosin Kingdom Haw Rebels (Red flag and Striped flag bands) Siamese victory
    Franco-Siamese conflict
    (1893)

    Location: French Indochina, Siam

    Kingdom of Siam French Republic French victory;
    Ngiao rebellion(1902)

    Location: Phrae

    Rattanakosin Kingdom Shan (Ngiao) rebels Siamese victory
    World War I
    (1917-1918)

    Location: Europe (Decapitation Boonpeng 1919)

    Allied Powers: Central Powers: Siamese-allied victory
    Siamese occupation of Germany
    (December 1918 – July 1919)

    Location: Rhineland, Germany (Palatinate region, specifically Neustadt area)

    Siam
    (as part of the Allied Occupation of the Rhineland alongside:
    Germany Allied victory in WWI; Siamese objectives achieved
    • Siam successfully conducted its occupation duties as an Allied power within the French zone.
    • Contributed to pressure on Germany leading to the Treaty of Versailles.
    • Participation in Allied victory parades in Paris, London, and Brussels.
    • Enhanced Siam's international standing, leading to the abolition of extraterritoriality by the US (1920), France (1925), and UK (1925).
    • Siam became a founding member of the League of Nations (1920).

    After 1932 revolution

    Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results Notable battles
    Boworadet Rebellion
    (1933)

    Location: Central Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima, Lak Si and Ratchaburi

    Thailand
    People's Party
    Rebel faction led by Prince Boworadet People's Party Victory
    • Suppression of the rebellion, consolidation of power by the People's Party
    Franco-Thai War
    (1940-1941)

    Location: French Indochina

    Thailand Vichy France Thai victory[19]
    Japanese invasion of Thailand
    (1941)

    Location:Thailand

    Thailand Japan Ceasefire

    Thai alliance with Japan

    World War II
    (1941-1945)

    Location: Southeast Asia

    Axis Powers:
    Allied Powers: Allied victory
    Malayan Emergency
    (1948-1960)

    Location: Malay Peninsula, Southeast Asia ( Dusun Nyor Rebellion 1948 )

    Commonwealth forces:
    United Kingdom

    Australia
    New Zealand
    Supported by:
    Thailand
    (Thai–Malaysian border)

    Communist forces:
    Malayan Communist Party

    Supported by:
    China[21][22][23]
    Viet Minh
    (until 1954)
    North Vietnam
    (from 1954)[24][25][26]
    Soviet Union[23][27]
    Indonesia[22][23]

    Thailand-allied victory
    Korean War
    (1950-1953)

    Location: Korean Peninsula, Yellow Sea, Sea of Japan, Korea Strait, China–North Korea border

     South Korea

    United Nations[b]

    Medical support
    Other support
    Other support
    Military stalemate
    Vietnam War
    (1955-1975)

    Location: South Vietnam, North Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, South China Sea, Gulf of Thailand

    North Vietnamese and National Liberation Front victory
    Laotian Civil War
    (1959-1975)

    Location: Kingdom of Laos

    Kingdom of Laos
    Forces Armées Neutralistes
    (from 1962)
    United States
    South Vietnam
    Thailand
    Pathet Lao
    Forces Armées Neutralistes
    (1960–1962)
    Patriotic Neutralists
    (from 1963)
    North Vietnam
    Supported by:
    Pathet Lao and North Vietnamese victory
    Communist insurgency in Thailand
    (1965–1983)

    Location: Thailand (primarily East Thailand)

    Thailand

    Supported by:

    Taiwan (until July 1981)

    United States

    Communist Party of Thailand

    Pathet Lao

    Supported By:

    Khmer Rouge (until 1982)
    Vietnam
    China (from 1979)
    Soviet Union

    Thai government victory
    • Amnesty declared on 23 April 1980 by the Thai government
    • Order 66/2523 signed by Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda
    • Communist insurgency declines and ends in 1984
    Cambodian Civil War
    (1968-1975)

    Location: Cambodia

    Cambodia
    (1967–1970)
    Khmer Republic
    (1970–1975)
    United States
    South Vietnam
    GRUNK (1970–1975)

    North Vietnam
    Việt Cộng

    Khmer Rouge victory
    Communist insurgency in Malaysia
    (1968-1989)

    Location: Malaysian Peninsular and Sarawak

    Anti-communist forces:
    Malaysia[43]
    Thailand[44][45]

    Supported by:
    United Kingdom[46]
    Australia
    New Zealand[47]
    United States
    South Vietnam (until 1975)

    Communist forces:

    Malayan Communist Party[48]

    Communist Party of Thailand (until 1983)
    Supported by:
    China[49][21]
    Soviet Union[49]
    Vietnam (until late 1970s)
    North Kalimantan Communist Party

    Peace agreement reached
    Third Indochina War
    (1978–1991)
    Location: Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, China

    China
    Democratic Kampuchea (until 1979/82)
    CGDK (after 1982)

    Lao royalists
    Hmong insurgents
    FULRO
    Thailand

    Supported by:
    Malaysia
    North Korea
    Romania
    Somalia
    National United Front for the Liberation of Vietnam (1980-1987)

    Vietnam
    Laos
    People's Republic of Kampuchea (until 1989)
    State of Cambodia (from 1989)
    Supported by:
    Albania[52]
    Bulgaria
    Cuba
    Czechoslovakia
    East Germany
    Hungary
    India
    Poland
    Soviet Union
    Derg (1978–1987)
    PDRE (from 1987)
    South Yemen


    Communist Party of Thailand

    • Pak Mai

    Supported by:
    Malayan Communist Party

    1991 Paris Peace Accords[53][54][55]

    Vietnamese border raids in Thailand
    (1979–1989)

    Location: Thai–Cambodian border, Gulf of Thailand

    Thailand
    CGDK[56]

    Supported by:
    China

    Vietnam
    People's Republic of Kampuchea (1979–89)
    State of Cambodia (1989)
    Supported by:
    Soviet Union
    Poland[57]
    Czechoslovakia[58]
    East Germany[59]
    Vietnamese withdrew
    • Destruction of numerous guerrilla bases and refugee camps along the Thai–Cambodian border
    • Isolated outbreaks of open hostility between Vietnamese and Thai troops
    • Withdrawal of Vietnamese troops from the border in 1989
    Thai–Laotian Border War
    (1987-1988)

    Location: Chat Trakan District, Phitsanulok Province, Thailand
    Botene District, Sainyabuli Province, Lao PDR

    Thailand Laos
    Vietnam
    Peace talks in Bangkok
    1999 East Timorese crisis
    (1999-2002)

    Location: East Timor

    East Timor

    International Force:

    • Australia 
    • New Zealand 
    • Thailand
    • Brazil 
    • Canada 
    • Fiji 
    • France 
    • Germany 
    • Ireland 
    • Italy 
    • Jordan 
    • Kenya 
    • Malaysia 
    • Norway 
    • Pakistan 
    • Philippines 
    • Portugal 
    • Singapore 
    • South Korea 
    • United Kingdom 
    • United States [60]
    Insurgents: Conflict ended
    • Defeat of pro-Indonesian militia
    • Stabilisation of East Timor
    Iraq War (2003–2004)
    Location: Iraq
    Invasion phase (2003)
    United States
    United Kingdom
    Australia
    Poland
    Peshmerga
    INC
    Supported by:
    Denmark[61]
    Netherlands[62]
    Italy[63]
    Spain[64]
    Post-invasion
    (2003–11)

    Iraq
    United States
    United Kingdom

    MNF–I
    (2003–09)
    Awakening Council

    Supported by:
    Iran[65][66]


    Iraqi Kurdistan

    Invasion phase (2003)
     Iraq
    Ansar al-Islam[c][67]
    Post-invasion (2003–11)
    Ba'ath loyalists

    Sunni insurgents


    Shia insurgents

    Supported by:
     Iran

    Thailand-allied victory
    South Thailand insurgency
    (2004[70] –present)
    Location: Southern Thailand (Songkhla, Pattani, Yala and Narathiwat)
    Thailand
    RTARF
    RTP
    VDC
    BRN
    RKK
    GMIP
    BIPP
    PULO
    Jemaah Islamiyah[91]
    Former support:
    • Aceh (until 2005)[92]
    • Mayaki Cartel (financial support)[93]

    Islamic State


    Oil smugglers[99][100][101]


    Pirates[102]

    Ongoing
    Cambodian–Thai border dispute
    (2008–2011)

    Location: Thai–Cambodian border

    Thailand Cambodia Conflict ended
    • ICJ decision awards promontory of Preah Vihear to Cambodia[103]

    See also

    Notes

    1. ^ Vietnamese observers totaled 80-100.
    2. ^ On 9 July 1951 troop constituents were: US: 70.4%, ROK: 23.3% other UNC: 6.3%[28]
    3. ^ against both Iraq and the United States

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