Hardwood Island
| Geography | |
|---|---|
| Location | Bay of Fundy |
| Coordinates | 45°00′56″N 66°55′41″W / 45.01556°N 66.92806°W |
| Area | 45 to 50 acres (18 to 20 ha)[1][2] |
| Highest elevation | 9 m (30 ft)[3] |
| Administration | |
Canada | |
| Province | New Brunswick |
| County | Charlotte |
| Parish | West Isles Parish |
Hardwood Island (also titled Howard Island,[4] possibly phonetic error) is an undeveloped island in the West Isles Parish of Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada, where the Bay of Fundy enters Passamaquoddy Bay. It is a bedrock-cored forested knoll,[5] with a large beach that is moderately used for camping due to its nearness to the mainland.[1]
The recovery of arrowheads suggest it may have been inhabited or visited by Passamaquoddy natives.[5]
A 1796 deed shows Thomas Pendleton purchased "Hardwood Island" from Thomas Doyle for £150, which is presumed to reference Pendleton's Island rather than this currently-named Hardwood Island.[6]
As Warren Hatheway was unsuccessful in his bid to be granted Bar Island off the northern shore of Deer Island against the wishes of Thomas Farrell, between 1810-1817 he was awarded a grant of six small nearby islets including Hardwood, Simpson Island and Fish Island.[7][8][9]
It was recommended for ecological preservation in 1975 due to a dense avian population including nesting Great Blue Herons, ospreys, eider ducks and herring gulls.[10]
Today it is privately owned with a residence and barn.[11]
It has copper pyrites in chloride slate.[12][13] In 1869 it was subject to exploratory work for mining but it never materialized.[2]
There is a geodetic triangulation station on the highest point.[14]
In December 1985, a study by Parks Canada assessed the island's value as $42,700.[2]
It was one of four islands studied in 1997 for the impact of sea kayaking on the Bay of Fundy environment.[1]
References
- ^ a b c Oxley, Anne C.Irving; Brown, Robert D. (January 2003). "Sustainability of wilderness sea kayaking in the Bay of Fundy, Canada". Ocean & Coastal Management. 46 (1–2): 189–197. Bibcode:2003OCM....46..189O. doi:10.1016/S0964-5691(02)00127-8.
- ^ a b c Parks Canada, "West Isles Feasibility Study....a National Marine Park in the West Isles", December 1985
- ^ Government of Canada, Public Services and Procurement Canada. "Information archivée dans le Web" (PDF). publications.gc.ca.
- ^ Reynolds, Walter F. (1918). "Triangulation in Maine".
- ^ a b “…gathering pebbles on a boundless shore…” — The Rum Beach Site and Intertidal Archaeology in the Canadian Quoddy Region 1, David W. Black
- ^ Pendleton, Everett Hall (April 10, 1956). "Early New England Pendletons; with some account of the three groups who took the name Pembleton, and notices of other Pendletons of later origin in the United States". [South Orange? N.J.] – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick".
- ^ "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick".
- ^ Craven, Paul. "Petty Justice", pg 77 and elsewhere
- ^ Government of Canada, Public Services and Procurement Canada. "Information archivée dans le Web" (PDF). publications.gc.ca.
- ^ Irving, Anne C. "The Influence of Human Impact on Perceptions of Wilderness Among Sea Kayakers, University of Guelph, 1998".
- ^ Bailey, L. W. (Loring Woart), 1839-1925., Report on the mines and minerals of New Brunswick, G.E. Fenety, 1864
- ^ "Journal of the House of Assembly of the provinc... - Canadiana". Journal of the House of Assembly of New Brunswick from February to April, 1864: 66ff.
- ^ "Triangulation in Maine", U.S. Government Printing Office, 1918