2004 United States state legislative elections

For related races, see 2004 United States elections.

2004 United States state legislative elections
November 2, 2004
85 legislative chambers in 44 states
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Republican Democratic
Chambers before 53[a] 44[a]
Chambers after 50[b] 48
Overall change 3 4
Map of upper house elections:
     Democrats gained control      Democrats retained control
     Republicans gained control      Republicans retained control
     Split body formed
     Non-partisan legislature
     No regularly-scheduled elections
Map of lower house elections:
     Democrats gained control      Democrats retained control
     Republicans gained control      Republicans retained control
     Non-partisan legislature
     No regularly-scheduled elections

Elections to state legislatures were held on November 2, 2004, alongside other elections. Elections were held for 85 legislative chambers, with all states but Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, Alabama, Maryland, and Virginia holding elections in at least one house. Michigan and Minnesota held elections for their lower, but not upper houses.[1] Six chambers in three territories and the District of Columbia were up as well.

The 2004 elections created narrow legislative divisions across the country. Both parties flipped seats and chambers across the country, with most Democratic gains coming from the Northeast and West and most Republican gains coming from the South. Over 20 states featured statehouses controlled by fewer than four seats, and nearly 30 states featured divided governments. Both parties took advantage of heavy spending from 527 organizations.[2]

Republicans won control of four chambers from the Democrats. The institution of term limits contributed to the Republican takeover of the Oklahoma House of Representatives for the first time since 1923, and favorable redistricting aided Republicans in winning the Georgia House of Representatives (and a trifecta) for the first time ever.[2] Republicans additionally won the Tennessee Senate, for the time since 1870, and the Indiana House of Representatives.[3][4]

Democrats performed better than Republicans overall at the state-legislative level, despite their defeat in the concurrent presidential election, winning control of eight additional chambers. Favorable redistricting enabled the Democratic takeover of the Montana Legislature and their retaking of control of the North Carolina House of Representatives, which was previously tied.[2] Additionally, they took control of the Washington Senate; the Oregon Senate, which was previously tied; both houses of the Colorado General Assembly for the first time since 1963, and the Vermont House of Representatives. The Iowa Senate became tied after previously being controlled by the Republicans prior to the election.[3][4] Democrats' takeover of the Montana House only came after the Montana Supreme Court declared a Democrat a victor in a contested election that evenly split the chamber. This gave Democrats control of the chamber with the help of incoming governor Brian Schweitzer.[5]

The Democrats also regained the title of holding the most legislative seats across the country, winning one more seat than the Republicans.[4]

Summary table

Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 85 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly-scheduled elections were held for 6,015 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Many legislative chambers held elections for all seats, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber.[6] The chambers not up for election either hold regularly-scheduled elections in odd-numbered years, or have four-year terms and hold all regularly-scheduled elections in presidential midterm election years.

Note that this table only covers regularly-scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly-scheduled elections.

State Upper House[6] Lower House[6]
Seats up Total % up Term Seats up Total % up Term
Alabama 0 35 0 4 0 105 0 4
Alaska 19 20 95 4 40 40 100 2
Arizona 30 30 100 2 60 60 100 2
Arkansas 35 35 100 2/4[c] 100 100 100 2
California 20 40 50 4 80 80 100 2
Colorado 18 35 51 4 65 65 100 2
Connecticut 36 36 100 2 151 151 100 2
Delaware 21 21 100 2/4[c] 41 41 100 2
Florida 40 40 100 2/4[c] 120 120 100 2
Georgia 56 56 100 2 180 180 100 2
Hawaii 25 25 100 2/4[c] 51 51 100 2
Idaho 35 35 100 2 70 70 100 2
Illinois 59 59 100 2/4[c] 118 118 100 2
Indiana 25 50 50 4 100 100 100 2
Iowa 25 50 50 4 100 100 100 2
Kansas 40 40 100 4 125 125 100 2
Kentucky 19 38 50 4 100 100 100 2
Louisiana 0 39 0 4 0 105 0 4
Maine 35 35 100 2 151 151 100 2
Maryland 0 47 0 4 0 141 0 4
Massachusetts 40 40 100 2 160 160 100 2
Michigan 0 38 0 4 110 110 100 2
Minnesota 0 67 0 2/4[c] 134 134 100 2
Mississippi 0 52 0 4 0 122 0 4
Missouri 17 34 50 4 163 163 100 2
Montana 25 50 50 4 100 100 100 2
Nebraska 25[d] 49[d] 51[d] 4 N/A (unicameral)
Nevada 10 21 48 4 42 42 100 2
New Hampshire 24 24 100 2 400 400 100 2
New Jersey 0 40 0 2/4[c] 0 80 0 2
New Mexico 42 42 100 4 70 70 100 2
New York 62 62 100 2 150 150 100 2
North Carolina 50 50 100 2 120 120 100 2
North Dakota 23 47 49 4 47 94 50 4
Ohio 16 33 48 4 99 99 100 2
Oklahoma 24 48 50 4 101 101 100 2
Oregon 15 30 50 4 60 60 100 2
Pennsylvania 25 50 50 4 203 203 100 2
Rhode Island 38 38 100 2 75 75 100 2
South Carolina 46 46 100 4 124 124 100 2
South Dakota 35 35 100 2 70 70 100 2
Tennessee 16 33 48 4 99 99 100 2
Texas 16 31 52 2/4[c] 150 150 100 2
Utah 15 29 52 4 75 75 100 2
Vermont 30 30 100 2 150 150 100 2
Virginia 0 40 0 4 0 100 0 2
Washington 25 49 51 4 98 98 100 2
West Virginia 17 34 50 4 100 100 100 2
Wisconsin 16 33 48 4 99 99 100 2
Wyoming 15 30 50 4 60 60 100 2
Total 1280 1971 65 N/A 4595 5411 85 N/A

Electoral predictions

Analysts expected a high level of competitiveness among chambers held by both parties, although not to the same extent as the 2002 elections, which took place following most states' legislative redistricting. The application of newly enacted term limits in some states was expected to have little effect, with the exception of the Oklahoma House of Representatives, and the close nature of the concurrent presidential election made the effects of potential presidential coattails difficult to predict.[7]

As the election progressed and George W. Bush's chances at winning re-election appeared to increase, outlooks changed on very few legislative chambers. Republicans made minor inroads in states in the South, especially in Oklahoma in the Georgia House of Representatives while Democrats appeared stronger in states in the Northeast and Northwest, such as Vermont and Washington. Due to the presidential election's heavy focus on foreign policy issues such as the Iraq War, the likelihood of coattails reaching all the way down to state legislative races appeared increasingly thin. The majority of state legislative chambers and individual races also remained out of reach for opposition parties due to the prevalence of partisan gerrymandering.[8]

Ratings are designated as follows:

  • "Tossup": Competitive, no advantage
  • "Lean": Competitive, slight advantage
  • "Likely": Not competitive, but opposition could make significant gains
  • "Safe": Not competitive at all
State Chamber Last

election

Rothenberg

Oct. 1, 2004[8]

Result
Alaska Senate R 12–8 Likely R R 12–8
House of Representatives R 27–13 Safe R R 26–14
Arizona Senate R 17–13 Likely R R 18–12
House of Representatives R 38–22 Likely R R 38–22
Arkansas Senate D 27–8 Safe D D 27–8
House of Representatives D 70–30 Safe D D 72–28
California State Senate D 25–15 Safe D D 25–15
State Assembly D 48–32 Safe D D 48–32
Colorado Senate R 18–17 Lean R D 18–17
House of Representatives R 37–28 Likely R D 35–30
Connecticut State Senate D 21–15 Safe D D 24–12
House of Representatives D 94–57 Safe D D 99–52
Delaware Senate D 13–8 Safe D D 13–8
House of Representatives R 29–12 Safe R R 26–15
Florida Senate R 26–14 Safe R R 26–14
House of Representatives R 81–39 Safe R R 84–36
Georgia State Senate R 30–26 Lean R R 34–22
House of Representatives D 107–72–1 Lean D R 99–80–1
Hawaii Senate D 20–5 Safe D D 20–5
House of Representatives D 36–15 Safe D D 41–10
Idaho Senate R 28–7 Safe R R 28–7
House of Representatives R 54–16 Safe R R 57–13
Illinois Senate D 32–26–1 Safe D D 31–27–1
House of Representatives D 66–52 Safe D D 65–53
Indiana Senate R 32–18 Safe R R 33–17
House of Representatives D 51–49 Tossup R 52–48
Iowa Senate R 29–21 Lean R 25–25
House of Representatives R 54–46 Lean R R 51–49
Kansas Senate R 30–10 Safe R R 30–10
House of Representatives R 80–45 Safe R R 83–42
Kentucky Senate R 21–17 Likely R R 22–15
House of Representatives D 65–35 Likely D D 57–43
Maine Senate D 18–17 Tossup D 18–17
House of Representatives D 80–67–3–1 Likely D D 76–73–1–1
Massachusetts Senate D 34–6 Safe D D 34–6
House of Representatives D 135–23–1 Safe D D 137–23
Michigan House of Representatives R 62–48 Likely R R 58–52
Minnesota House of Representatives R 81–53 Safe R R 68–66
Missouri Senate R 20–14 Likely R R 23–11
House of Representatives R 90–73 Likely R R 97–66
Montana Senate R 29–21 Lean R D 27–23
House of Representatives R 53–47 Lean R D 50–50
Nevada Senate R 13–8 Likely R R 12–9
Assembly D 23–19 Lean D D 26–16
New Hampshire Senate R 18–6 Safe R R 16–8
House of Representatives R 278–122 Safe R R 249–151
New Mexico Senate D 24–18 Likely D D 24–18
House of Representatives D 43–27 Safe D D 42–28
New York State Senate R 37–25 Safe R R 35–27
State Assembly D 102–48 Safe D D 104–46
North Carolina Senate D 28–22 Lean D D 29–21
House of Representatives R 61–59[e] Tossup D 63–57
North Dakota Senate R 31–16 Safe R R 32–15
House of Representatives R 66–28 Safe R R 67–27
Ohio Senate R 22–11 Safe R R 22–11
House of Representatives R 62–37 Safe R R 61–38
Oklahoma Senate D 28–20 Lean D D 26–22
House of Representatives D 53–48 Tossup R 57–44
Oregon State Senate 15–15 Lean D (flip) D 17–13
House of Representatives R 35–25 Likely R R 33–27
Pennsylvania State Senate R 29–21 Likely R R 30–20
House of Representatives R 110–93 Likely R R 110–93
Rhode Island Senate D 32–6 Safe D D 33–5
House of Representatives D 63–11–1 Safe D D 59–16
South Carolina Senate R 25–21 Safe R R 26–20
House of Representatives R 73–51 Safe R R 74–50
South Dakota Senate R 26–9 Safe R R 25–10
House of Representatives R 49–21 Safe R R 50–20
Tennessee Senate D 18–15 Lean D R 17–16
House of Representatives D 54–45 Lean D D 53–46
Texas Senate R 19–12 Safe R R 19–12
House of Representatives R 88–62 Safe R R 87–63
Utah State Senate R 22–7 Safe R R 21–8
House of Representatives R 56–19 Safe R R 56–19
Vermont Senate D 19–11 Safe D D 21–9
House of Representatives R 73–70–4–3 Tossup D 83–60–6–1
Washington State Senate R 25–24 Tossup D 26–23
House of Representatives D 52–46 Tossup D 55–43
West Virginia Senate D 24–10 Safe D D 21–13
House of Delegates D 68–32 Safe D D 68–32
Wisconsin Senate R 18–15 Likely R R 19–14
State Assembly R 58–41 Likely R R 60–39
Wyoming Senate R 20–10 Safe R R 23–7
House of Representatives R 45–15 Safe R R 46–14

Maps

  • Upper house seats by party holding majority in each state
  • Lower house seats by party holding majority in each state
  • Net changes to upper house seats after the 2004 elections
         +1 Dem seat      +2 Dem seats      +3–4 Dem seats      +6 Dem seats
         +1 Rep seat      +2 Rep seats      +3 Rep seats
  • Net changes to lower house seats after the 2004 elections
         +1 Dem seat      +2 Dem seats      +3–5 Dem seats      +7–29 Dem seats
         +1 Rep seat      +2 Rep seats      +3–5 Rep seats      +6–25 Rep seats

State summaries

Alaska

All of the seats of the Alaska House of Representatives and half of the Alaska Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.

Alaska Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 12 12
Democratic 8 8
Total 20 20
Alaska House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 27 26 1
Democratic 13 14 1
Total 40 40

Arizona

Main articles: 2004 Arizona Senate election and 2004 Arizona House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Arizona Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Arizona Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 17 18 1
Democratic 13 12 1
Total 30 30
Arizona House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 39 38 1
Democratic 20 22 2
Independent 1 0 1
Total 60 60

Arkansas

All of the seats of the Arkansas House of Representatives and half of the Arkansas Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Arkansas Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 27 27
Republican 8 8
Total 35 35
Arkansas House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 70 72 2
Republican 30 28 2
Total 100 100

California

Main articles: 2004 California State Senate election and 2004 California State Assembly election

All of the seats of the California House of Representatives and half of the California Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

California State Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 25 25
Republican 15 15
Total 40 40
California State Assembly
Party Before After Change
Democratic 48 48
Republican 32 32
Total 80 80

Colorado

All of the seats of the Colorado House of Representatives and half of the Colorado Senate were up for election. Democrats won control of both chambers from the Republicans.

Colorado Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 17 18 1
Republican 18 17 1
Total 35 35
Colorado House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 28 35 7
Republican 37 30 7
Total 65 65

Connecticut

Main articles: 2004 Connecticut State Senate election and 2004 Connecticut House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Connecticut Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Connecticut State Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 21 24 3
Republican 15 12 3
Total 36 36
Connecticut House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 94 99 5
Republican 57 52 5
Total 151 151

Delaware

Main articles: 2004 Delaware Senate election and 2004 Delaware House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Delaware House of Representatives and half of the Delaware Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of the Senate while Republicans maintained control of the House.

Delaware Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 13 13
Republican 8 8
Total 21 21
Delaware House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 29 26 3
Democratic 12 15 3
Total 41 41

Florida

All of the seats of the Florida House of Representatives and half of the Florida Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Florida Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 26 26
Democratic 14 14
Total 40 40
Florida House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 81 84 3
Democratic 35 42 3
Total 120 120

Georgia

All of the seats of the Georgia Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the Senate and won control of the House.

Georgia State Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 34 34
Democratic 22 22
Total 56 56
Georgia House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 74 99 25
Democratic 105 80 25
Independent 1 1
Total 180 180

Hawaii

All of the seats of the Hawaii House of Representatives and half of the Hawaii Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Hawaii Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 20 20
Republican 5 5
Total 25 25
Hawaii House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 36 41 5
Republican 15 10 5
Total 51 51

Idaho

All of the seats of the Idaho Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Idaho Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 28 28
Democratic 7 7
Total 35 35
Idaho House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 54 57 3
Democratic 16 13 3
Total 70 70

Illinois

Main articles: 2004 Illinois Senate election and 2004 Illinois House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Illinois House of Representatives and 2/3rds of the Illinois Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Illinois Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 32 31 1
Republican 26 27 1
Independent 1 1
Total 59 59
Illinois House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 66 65 1
Republican 52 53 1
Total 118 118

Indiana

All of the seats of the Indiana House of Representatives and half of the Indiana Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the Senate and gained control of the House of Representatives.

Indiana Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 32 33 1
Democratic 18 17 1
Total 50 50
Indiana House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 49 52 3
Democratic 51 48 3
Total 100 100

Iowa

Main articles: 2004 Iowa Senate election and 2004 Iowa House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Iowa House of Representatives and half of the Iowa Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the House while the Senate became tied.

Iowa Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 29 25 4
Democratic 21 25 4
Total 50 50
Iowa House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 54 51 3
Democratic 46 49 3
Total 100 100

Kansas

All of the seats of the Kansas Senate and Kansas House of Representatives were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.

Kansas Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 30 30
Democratic 10 10
Total 40 40
Kansas House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 80 83 3
Democratic 45 42 3
Total 125 125

Kentucky

Main articles: 2004 Kentucky Senate election and 2004 Kentucky House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Kentucky House of Representatives and half of the Kentucky Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the Senate and Democrats maintained control of the House of Representatives.

Kentucky Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 22 22[f]
Democratic 16 15 1
Total 38 37 1
Kentucky House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 65 57 8
Republican 35 43 8
Total 100 100

Maine

All of the seats of the Maine Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Maine Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 18 18
Republican 17 17
Total 35 35
Maine House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 80 76 4
Republican 67 73 6
Independent 3 1 2
Green 1 1
Total 151 151

Massachusetts

Main articles: 2004 Massachusetts Senate election and 2004 Massachusetts House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Massachusetts Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Massachusetts Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 33 34 1
Republican 7 6 1
Total 40 40
Massachusetts House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 135 139 4
Republican 23 20 3
Independent 1 1
Total 160 160

Michigan

Main article: 2004 Michigan House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Michigan House of Representatives were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the House.

Michigan House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 62 58 4
Democratic 48 52 4
Total 110 110

Minnesota

Main article: 2004 Minnesota House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Minnesota House of Representatives were up. Republicans maintained control of the House.

Minnesota House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 81 68 13
Democratic (DFL) 53 66 13
Total 134 134

Missouri

All of the seats of the Missouri House of Representatives and half of the Missouri Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Missouri Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 20 23 3
Democratic 14 11 3
Total 34 34
Missouri House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 90 97 7
Democratic 73 66 7
Total 163 163

Montana

Main articles: 2004 Montana Senate election and 2004 Montana House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Montana House of Representatives and half of the Montana Senate were up for election. Democrats flipped control of both chambers.

Montana Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 21 27 6
Republican 29 23 6
Total 50 50
Montana House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 47 50[g] 3
Republican 53 50 3
Total 100 100

Nebraska

Nebraska is the only U.S. state with a unicameral legislature; half of the seats of the Nebraska Legislature were up for election. Nebraska is also unique in that its legislature is officially non-partisan and holds non-partisan elections, although the Democratic and Republican parties each endorse legislative candidates. Republicans maintained control.

Nebraska Legislature
Party Before After Change
Republican 34 32 2
Democratic 13 15 2
Independent 2 2
Total 49 49

Nevada

All of the seats of the Nevada House of Representatives and half of the Nevada Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of the House while Republicans maintained control of the Senate.

Nevada Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 13 12 1
Democratic 8 9 1
Total 21 21
Nevada Assembly
Party Before After Change
Democratic 23 26 3
Republican 19 16 3
Total 42 42

New Hampshire

All of the seats of the New Hampshire House of Representatives and the New Hampshire Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.

New Hampshire Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 18 16 2
Democratic 6 8 2
Total 24 24
New Hampshire House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 278 249 29
Democratic 122 151 29
Total 400 400

New Mexico

Main articles: 2004 New Mexico Senate election and 2004 New Mexico House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the New Mexico Legislature were up for election; Democrats maintained control of both chambers.

New Mexico Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 24 24
Republican 18 18
Total 42 42
New Mexico House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 43 42 1
Republican 27 28 1
Total 70 70

New York

All of the seats of the New York Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the Senate while Democrats maintained control of the Assembly.

New York State Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 37 35 2
Democratic 25 27 2
Total 62 62
New York State Assembly
Party Before After Change
Democratic 102 104 2
Republican 48 46 2
Total 150 150

North Carolina

Main articles: 2004 North Carolina Senate election and 2004 North Carolina House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the North Carolina House of Representatives and half of the North Carolina Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of the Senate and gained control of the House.

North Carolina Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 28 29 1
Republican 22 21 1
Total 50 50
North Carolina House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 59 63 4
Republican 61 57 4
Total 120 120

North Dakota

All of the seats of the North Dakota House of Representatives and half of the North Dakota Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

North Dakota Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 31 32 1
Democratic-NPL 16 15 1
Total 47 47
North Dakota House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 66 67 1
Democratic-NPL 28 27 1
Total 94 94

Ohio

All of the seats of the Ohio House of Representatives and half of the Ohio Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.

Ohio Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 22 22
Democratic 11 11
Total 33 33
Ohio House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 62 61 1
Democratic 37 38 1
Total 99 99

Oklahoma

All of the seats of the Oklahoma House of Representatives and half of the Oklahoma Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of the Senate while Republicans won control of the House.

Oklahoma Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 28 26 2
Republican 20 22 2
Total 48 48
Oklahoma House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 48 57 9
Democratic 53 44 9
Total 101 101

Oregon

All of the seats of the Oregon House of Representatives and half of the Oregon Senate were up for election. Democrats won control of the Senate while Republicans maintained control of the House.

Oregon State Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 15 17 2
Republican 15 13 2
Total 30 30
Oregon House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 35 33 2
Democratic 25 27 2
Total 60 60

Pennsylvania

Main articles: 2004 Pennsylvania Senate election and 2004 Pennsylvania House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives and half of the Pennsylvania Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.

Pennsylvania State Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 29 30 1
Democratic 21 20 1
Total 50 50
Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 109 110 1
Democratic 94 93 1
Total 203 203

Rhode Island

All of the seats of the Rhode Island Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Rhode Island Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 32 33 1
Republican 6 5 1
Total 38 38
Rhode Island House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 63 59 4
Republican 11 16 5
Independent 1 0 1
Total 75 75

South Carolina

All of the seats of the South Carolina Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.

South Carolina Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 26 26
Democratic 20 20
Total 46 46
South Carolina House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 73 74 1
Democratic 51 50 1
Total 124 124

South Dakota

All of the seats of the South Dakota Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

South Dakota Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 26 25 1
Democratic 9 10 1
Total 35 35
South Dakota House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 49 51 2
Democratic 21 19 2
Total 70 70

Tennessee

All of the seats of the Tennessee House of Representatives and half of the Tennessee Senate were up for election. Republicans gained control of the Senate while Democrats maintained control of the House.

Tennessee Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 15 17 2
Democratic 18 16 2
Total 33 33
Tennessee House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 54 53 1
Republican 45 46 1
Total 99 99

Texas

Main articles: 2004 Texas Senate election and 2004 Texas House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Texas House of Representatives and half of the Texas Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Texas Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 19 19
Democratic 12 12
Total 31 31
Texas House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 88 87 1
Democratic 62 63 1
Total 150 150

Utah

All of the seats of the Utah House of Representatives and half of the Utah Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Utah State Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 22 21 1
Democratic 7 8 1
Total 29 29
Utah House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 56 56
Democratic 19 19
Total 75 75

Vermont

All of the seats of the Vermont Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of the Senate and won control of the House.

Vermont Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 19 21 2
Republican 11 9 2
Total 30 30
Vermont House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 69 83 14
Republican 74 60 14
Progressive 4 6 2
Independent 3 1 2
Total 150 150

Washington

Main articles: 2004 Washington State Senate election and 2004 Washington House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Washington House of Representatives and half of the Washington Senate were up for election. Democrats won control of the Senate and maintained control of the House.

Washington State Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 24 26 2
Republican 25 23 2
Total 49 49
Washington House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Democratic 52 55 3
Republican 46 43 3
Total 98 98

West Virginia

Main articles: 2004 West Virginia Senate election and 2004 West Virginia House of Delegates election

All of the seats of the West Virginia House of Delegates and half of the West Virginia Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

West Virginia Senate
Party Before After Change
Democratic 24 21 3
Republican 10 13 3
Total 34 34
West Virginia House of Delegates
Party Before After Change
Democratic 68 68
Republican 32 32
Total 100 100

Wisconsin

All of the seats of the Wisconsin Assembly and half of the Wisconsin Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.

Wisconsin Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 18 19 1
Democratic 15 14 1
Total 33 33
Wisconsin State Assembly
Party Before After Change
Republican 58 60 2
Democratic 41 39 2
Total 99 99

Wyoming

Main articles: 2004 Wyoming Senate election and 2004 Wyoming House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Wyoming House of Representatives and half of the Wyoming Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Wyoming Senate
Party Before After Change
Republican 20 23 3
Democratic 10 7 3
Total 30 30
Wyoming House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Republican 45 46 1
Democratic 15 14 1
Total 60 60

Territorial and federal district summaries

American Samoa

All of the seats of the American Samoa Senate and the American Samoa House of Representatives were up for election. Members of the Senate serve four-year terms, while members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms. Gubernatorial and legislative elections are conducted on a nonpartisan basis in American Samoa.

Guam

All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of Guam were up for election. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term. Democrats lost control of the legislature.

Guam Legislature
Party Before After Change
Democratic 9 6 3
Republican 6 9 3
Total 15 15

Puerto Rico

All of the seats of the Senate of Puerto Rico and the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico are up for election. Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives both serve four-year terms. The New Progressive Party won control of both chambers.

Puerto Rico Senate
Party Before After Change
Popular Democratic 19 11 7
New Progressive 8 15 7
Puerto Rican Independence 1 1
Total 27 27
Puerto Rico House of Representatives
Party Before After Change
Popular Democratic 29 18 11
New Progressive 21 32 11
Puerto Rican Independence 1 1
Total 51 51

Washington, D.C.

The Council of the District of Columbia serves as the legislative branch of the federal district of Washington, D.C. Half of the council seats are up for election. Council members serve four-year terms. Democrats retained supermajority control of the council.

District of Columbia Council
Party Before After Change
Democratic 11 11
Republican 1 1
Independent 1 1
Total 13 13

Notes

  1. ^ a b The Oregon Senate and North Carolina House of Representatives were tied prior to the election. Thus, they are not included in this total.
  2. ^ The Iowa Senate became tied. Thus, it is not included in the final total.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.
  4. ^ a b c These figures represent the seats of Nebraska's unicameral legislature.
  5. ^ Excludes representative Michael P. Decker's temporary stint as a Democrat which tied the chamber for much of the 2003–2004 legislative session.
  6. ^ One elected Republican's seat was declared vacant due to residency issues.[9]
  7. ^ The Democratic Party controlled the chamber by virtue of holding the governor's office.

References

  1. ^ "State legislative elections, 2004".
  2. ^ a b c Prah, Pamela M. (November 15, 2007). "2004 elections set up year of legislative stalemate". stateline.org. Archived from the original on November 7, 2008. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  3. ^ a b Madigan, Erin; Kelderman, Eric (November 5, 2004). "GOP Loses Ground in Statehouse Control". pew.org. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  4. ^ a b c Storey, Tim (2005). "2004 legislative elections". Spectrum: The Journal of State Government. 78 (1): 8 – via Gale Academic OneFile.
  5. ^ Robbins, Jim (December 29, 2004). "Ruling Puts Democrats in Control in Montana". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  6. ^ a b c "2020 Legislative Races by State and Legislative Chamber". National Conference of State Legislatures.
  7. ^ Jacobson, Louis (July 9, 2004). "Handicapping the State Legislatures: A 50-State Preview". The Rothenberg Political Report: 7–10 – via Harvard Dataverse.
  8. ^ a b Jacobson, Louis (October 1, 2004). "Handicapping the State Legislatures: A 50-State Preview". The Rothenberg Political Report: 7–10 – via Harvard Dataverse.
  9. ^ "Democrats win two special elections in Louisville". The Lexington Herald-Leader. February 15, 2006. p. B6.
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