Winter Nelis pear

The Winter Nelis pear, also known as Bonne De Malines, is a deciduous pear tree growing to 8 m depending on rootstock, and is sparse and spreading in form. It is not frost tender. Its flowers are self-sterile and a pollinator tree is required that flowers at a similar time (its flowering group is D or 4).^[2] It is a late-season dessert pear picked in late autumn for use in early to mid-winter. The fruit are medium in size and have outstanding storage properties for a pear, easily keeping for a couple of months. Hoggs Fruit Manual (1880s) describes it as one of the richest flavoured pears, flesh being yellowish, fine-grained, buttery and melting, with a rich, sugary and vinous flavour and a fine aroma.^[3] The pear is suitable for both raw and cooked applications, alongside its impressive storage capacities^[4] this makes it an ideal pear for the home gardener. The pear is named after the Flemish nobleman Jan-Karel de Nelis (1748–1834), who raised it from seed in the early 1800s. It was introduced to England in 1818 and to the United States in 1823^[5][6]

In 1869, Edward Berwick planted the first commercial pear orchard on the Berwick Manor and Orchard in Carmel Valley, California, specializing in the Winter Nelis pear.^[7]