Visa requirements for Bruneian citizens

Visa requirements for Bruneian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states which are imposed on citizens of Brunei.

As of 2025, Bruneian citizens have visa-free or visa on arrival access to 164 countries and territories, ranking the Bruneian passport 18th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

Brunei is the first country whose citizens may travel without a visa to all of the permanent member countries of the UN Security Council (China, France, Russia, United Kingdom and United States). Brunei is also a part of ASEAN and has visa-free access to these countries and vice versa.

Citizens holding regular passports of Brunei, Grenada, Mauritius and the Seychelles are the only countries whose citizens may travel without a visa to China, Russia, Schengen Area and the United Kingdom.

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
Afghanistan Visa required[2]
Albania Visa not required[3] 90 days
Algeria Visa required[4]
Andorra Visa not required[5] 90 days
Angola Visa required[6]
Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[7] 30 days
Argentina Visa required[8]

The AVE (High Speed Travel) is open to Bruneian citizens holding valid, current ordinary passports traveling to Argentina for tourism. To do so, they must hold a valid category B2/J/B1/O/P (P1-P2-P3)/E/H-1B visa issued by the United States of America.[9]

Armenia eVisa[10][11] 120 days
Australia Electronic Travel Authority[12] 90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period is granted.
Austria Visa not required[13] 90 days
Azerbaijan eVisa[14][15] 30 days
Bahamas Visa not required[16] 3 months
Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[17] 14 days
  • May also be obtained online in the form of an e-Visa.
Bangladesh Visa required[18] 30 days
Barbados Visa not required[19] 6 months
Belarus Visa required[20]
  • Visas are issued on arrival at the Minsk International Airport if the support documents were submitted not later than 3 business days before expected date of arrival.[21]
  • In the case of transit visas, these may be obtained on arrival with a hotel confirmation, return ticket and visa to a 3rd country for a maximum validity of 2 calendar days.[22]
Belgium Visa not required[23] 90 days
Belize Visa not required[24]
Benin eVisa[25][26] 30 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
Bhutan eVisa[27][28]
Bolivia Online Visa / Visa on arrival[29] 30 days[30]
Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[31] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period.
Botswana Visa not required[32] 90 days
Brazil Visa required[33]
Bulgaria Visa not required[34] 90 days
Burkina Faso Visa required[35]
Burundi Visa on arrival[36] 1 month
Cambodia Visa not required[37] 14 days
Cameroon eVisa[38][39]
  • Holders of a pre-arranged approval issued by "Le Delegue General de la Surete" can obtain a visa on arrival.
Canada Visa not required[40] 6 months
  • eTA required if arriving by air.
Cape Verde Visa on arrival[41] 30 days
Central African Republic Visa required[42]
Chad Visa required[43]
Chile Visa required[44]
China Visa not required[45] 30 days
Colombia Visa not required[46] 90 days
  • 90 days – extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period.
Comoros Visa on arrival[47] 45 days
Republic of the Congo Visa required[48]
Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[49][50] 7 days
Costa Rica Visa not required[51] 90 days
Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[52][53] 3 months
  • Must be arriving at Port Bouet Airport and hold an International Certificate of Vaccination.
Croatia Visa not required[54] 90 days
Cuba Tourist Card required[55] 90 days
  • Can be extended up to 90 days with a fee.
Cyprus Visa not required[56] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
Czech Republic Visa not required[57] 90 days
Denmark Visa not required[58] 90 days
Djibouti eVisa[59][60] 90 days
Dominica Visa not required[61] 6 months
Dominican Republic Visa not required[62] 30 days
Ecuador Visa not required[63] 90 days
Egypt Visa on arrival[64] 30 days
El Salvador Visa not required[65] 180 days
Equatorial Guinea eVisa[66][67]
Eritrea Visa required[68]
Estonia Visa not required[69] 90 days
Eswatini Visa not required[70] 30 days
Ethiopia eVisa[71][72] up to 90 days
Fiji Visa not required[73] 4 months
Finland Visa not required[74] 90 days
France Visa not required[75] 90 days
Gabon eVisa[76][77] 90 days
Gambia Visa not required[78] 90 days
Georgia Visa not required[79] 1 year
Germany Visa not required[80] 90 days
Ghana Visa required[81]
Greece Visa not required[82] 90 days
Grenada Visa not required[83] 3 months
Guatemala Visa not required[84] 90 days
Guinea eVisa[85][86] 90 days
Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[87] 90 days
Guyana Visa required[88]
Haiti Visa not required[89] 3 months
Honduras Visa not required[90] 90 days
Hungary Visa not required[91] 90 days
Iceland Visa not required[92] 90 days
India eVisa[93] 30 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 31 designated airports[Note 1] or 5 designated seaports.[Note 2][94]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[95]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[96]
Indonesia Visa not required[97] 30 days
Iran Visa not required[98][99] 15 days
Iraq eVisa[100][101]
Ireland Visa not required[102] 90 days
Israel Admission Refused[103] Brunei Does Not Recognize Israel As A Sovereign State, Also Does Not Accept Israeli Passport And Brunei Passport Are Not Vaild Travel To Israel.
Italy Visa not required[104] 90 days
Jamaica Visa not required[105] 180 days
Japan Visa not required[106] 15 days
Jordan eVisa / Visa on arrival[107][108] 30 days Extension of stay is possible for up to 60 days
Kazakhstan eVisa[109][110]
Kenya Electronic Travel Authorisation[111][112] 90 days
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee is USD 32.50.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
Kiribati Visa not required[113] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 12-month period.
North Korea Visa required[114]
South Korea Electronical Travel Authorization[115][116] 30 days
  • Bruneian citizens can enter South Korea as a short term visit (e.g., tours, visiting relatives or friends, attending simple meetings) up to 90 days without a visa, though you should remain aware of the quarantine requirements. You must also have an onward or return ticket. It is illegal to work on a tourist visa, whether as a teacher or in any other capacity.[117]
  • You must be in possession of a Korea Electronic Travel Authorization (K-ETA) to enter Korea visa-free. You can complete your K-ETA application up to 24 hours before boarding your flight and it will be valid for 3 years from the date of approval. There is a small, non-refundable charge.[117]
Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[118] 3 months
Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[119] 60 days
Laos Visa not required[120] 14 days
Latvia Visa not required[121] 90 days
Lebanon Visa required[122]
Lesotho Visa not required[123] 90 days
Liberia Visa required[124]
Libya eVisa[125][126]
Liechtenstein Visa not required[127] 90 days
Lithuania Visa not required[128] 90 days
Luxembourg Visa not required[129] 90 days
Madagascar Visa on arrival[130] 60 days
Malawi Visa not required[131] 30 days
Malaysia Visa not required[132] 30 days
Maldives Free visa on arrival[133] 30 days
Mali Visa required[134]
Malta Visa not required[135] 90 days
Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[136] 90 days
Mauritania Visa on arrival[137]
Mauritius Visa not required[138] 90 days
Mexico Visa required[139]
  • Visa is not required for Holders of a valid visa of Canada, US, UK or a Schengen State and Permanent residence of Canada, Chile, Colombia, Schengen State, Japan, UK, US[140]
  • Entry may be refused by immigration officials for individuals who were previously denied a US visa, even if holding a valid Mexican visa.
Micronesia Visa not required[141] 30 days
Moldova Visa not required[142] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
Monaco Visa not required[143] 90 days
Mongolia eVisa[144][145] 30 days
Montenegro Visa not required[146] 90 days
Morocco Visa required[147]
Mozambique eVisa / Visa on arrival[148][149] 30 days
Myanmar Visa not required[150] 14 days
Namibia Visa required[151]
Nauru Visa required[152]
  Nepal Online Visa / Visa on arrival[153] 90 days[154]
Netherlands Visa not required[155] 90 days
New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority[156] 3 months
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[157]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[158] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[157]
Nicaragua Visa not required[159] 90 days
Niger Visa required[160]
Nigeria eVisa[161][162] 90 days
  • Holders of written e-visa approval issued by Immigration Authority Headquarters in Abuja, can obtain a visa on arrival.
North Macedonia Visa not required[163] 90 days
Norway Visa not required[164] 90 days
Oman Visa not required / eVisa[165][166] 14 days / 30 days
  • Issued free of charge.
Pakistan ETA / Online Visa[167][168] 30 days / 3 months
  • Pakistan e-Visa fee is free.[169]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business and tourism purposes.[170][171]
Palau Free visa on arrival[172] 30 days
Panama Visa not required[173] 90 days
Papua New Guinea eVisa[174][175] 60 days
Paraguay Visa required[176]
Peru Visa not required[177] 183 days
Philippines Visa not required[178] 30 days
Poland Visa not required[179] 90 days
Portugal Visa not required[180] 90 days
Qatar Visa not required[181] 30 days
Romania Visa not required[182] 90 days
Russia Visa not required[183] 14 days
  • For a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180 day period.
Rwanda Visa not required[184] 30 days
Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[185] 3 months
Saint Lucia Visa not required[186] 6 weeks
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[187] 1 month
Samoa Visa not required[188] 60 days
San Marino Visa not required[189] 90 days
São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[190][191]
Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[192][193] 90 days
Senegal Visa on arrival[194] 90 days
Serbia Visa required[195]
Seychelles Electronic Border System[196][197] 3 months
  • Application can be submitted up to 30 days before travel.
  • Visitors must upload a reservation confirmation(s) for each visitor's location of stay in Seychelles.
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  • Payment of the fee (EUR 10) by credit or debit card.
  • Valid for one journey only and it expires once exit the country.
Sierra Leone eVisa / Visa on arrival[198][199] 3 months / 30 days
Singapore Visa not required[200] 30 days
Slovakia Visa not required[201] 90 days
Slovenia Visa not required[202] 90 days
Solomon Islands Free Visitor's permit on arrival[203] 3 months
Somalia Visa on arrival[204] 30 days
South Africa Visa required[205]
South Sudan eVisa[206][207]
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
Spain Visa not required[208] 90 days
Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[209][210] 60 days / 30 days
  • The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6-month period.[211]
  • Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa):
  • e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee.
  • If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
Sudan Visa required[212]
Suriname Visa not required[213][214] 90 days
  • An entrance fee of USD 50 or EUR 50 must be paid online prior to arrival.[215]
  • Multiple entry e-Visa is also available.[216]
Sweden Visa not required[217] 90 days
 Switzerland Visa not required[218] 90 days
Syria eVisa[219][220]
Tajikistan Visa not required[221] 30 days
Tanzania Visa not required[222] 90 days
Thailand Visa not required[223] 60 days
Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[224] 30 days
Togo eVisa[225][226] 15 days
Tonga Free visa on arrival[227] 31 days
Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[228]
Tunisia Visa not required[229] 3 months
Turkey Visa not required[230] 30 days
Turkmenistan Visa required[231]
Tuvalu Visa on arrival[232] 1 month
Uganda eVisa[233][234] 3 months
Ukraine Visa not required[235] 30 days
United Arab Emirates Visa not required[236] 30 days
United Kingdom Visa not required[237] 6 months
United States Visa Waiver Program[238][239] 90 days
Uruguay Visa required[241]
Uzbekistan Visa not required[242] 30 days
Vanuatu Visa not required[243] 30 days
Vatican City Visa not required[244]
Venezuela Visa required[245]
Vietnam Visa not required[246] 14 days
Yemen Visa on arrival[247] 1 month
Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[248][249] 90 days
Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[250] 30 days

Territories and disputed areas

Visa requirements for Bruneian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
Abkhazia Visa required[251]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: EUR 25 for Orthodox visitors, EUR 35 for non-Orthodox visitors, EUR 18 for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[252][253]
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[254]
UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[255] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
Faroe Islands Visa not required[256]
Gibraltar Visa not required[257]
Guernsey Visa not required[258]
Isle of Man Visa not required[259]
Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[260] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[261]
Jersey Visa not required[262]
Kosovo Visa not required 90 days[263]
South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[264][265]
Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[266][267]
Africa
British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[268]
Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[269]
Mayotte Visa not required[270]
Réunion Visa not required[270]
Ascension Island eVisa[271][272] 3 months within any year period.
Saint Helena Visitor's Pass required Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[273]
Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[274]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[275][276]
Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[277]
Asia
Hong Kong Visa not required 90 days[278]
India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[279][280][281][282][283][284]
Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[285]
Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[286]
Macao Visa not required 14 days[287]
Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[288]
North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
Palestine Visa not required[289] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[290]
Taiwan Visa not required[291] 14 days (valid until 31 July 2025)
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[292][293][294]
Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[295][296]
Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[297]
Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana'a or Aden.[298]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Anguilla Visa not required 3 months[299]
Aruba Visa not required 90 days[300][301]
Bermuda Visa not required 90 days.[302]
Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required 90 days[303][304]
British Virgin Islands Visa not required 30 days, extensions possible[305]
San Andrés and Leticia Tourist Card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[306]
Cayman Islands Visa not required 60 days[307]
Curacao Visa not required 3 months[308]
French West Indies Visa not required 90 days. French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.[309]
Greenland Visa not required[256]
Margarita Island Visa required All visitors are fingerprinted.[310]
Montserrat Visa not required 6 months[311][312]
Puerto Rico Electronic Authorization[313]
Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[270]
Sint Maarten Visa not required 90 days[314][315]
Turks and Caicos Islands Visa required[316]
U.S. Virgin Islands Electronic Authorization[317]
South America
French Guiana Visa not required[318]
Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[319]
Oceania
American Samoa Electronic authorization[320] 30 days
Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[321]
Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[322]
Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days[323]
Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[324]
French Polynesia Visa not required[325] 90 days
Guam Visa not required[326] 45 days
New Caledonia Visa not required[270] 90 days
Niue Visa not required[327] 30 days
Northern Mariana Islands Visa not required[328] 45 days
Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee USD 35 or tax of USD 5 if not going ashore.[329][330][331]
United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[332][333][334][335][336][337][338]
Wallis and Futuna Visa not required[270] 90 days
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Falkland Islands Visa required[339] British Overseas Territory visa is required.
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[340][341]
Antarctica Special permits required for British Antarctic Territory, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[342][343][344][345][346][347][348][349][350][351][352][353]

APEC Business Travel Card

Holders of an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) travelling on business do not require a visa to the following countries:[354]

1 - Up to 180 days
2 - Up to 90 days
3 - Up to 90 days in a period of 180 days
4 - Up to 60 days

The card must be used in conjunction with a passport and has the following advantages:[355]

  • No need to apply for a visa or entry permit to APEC countries, as the card is treated as such (except by Canada and United States)
  • Undertake legitimate business in participating economies
  • Expedited border crossing in all member economies, including transitional members

Non-visa restrictions

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[356] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic

The African countries of Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[357] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[358]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[359][360]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[361][362] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[363]

Some countries, such as Japan,[364] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[365] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[366] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[367] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[368] Philippines,[369] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[370]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[371] and South Africa.

Maximum passport age

Countries of the Schengen area require non-EU passports to be less than 10 years old upon entry.[372] A number of holders of British passports, which until September 2018 could be issued with a validity period of up to 10 years and nine months if the previous passport was not expired, were unable to travel to the EU subsequent to Brexit due to this restriction.[373]

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[374] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[375]

Israeli stamps

Kuwait,[376] Lebanon,[377] Libya,[378] and Yemen[379] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Biometric identification by country

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[380]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[381][382] Argentina,[383] Brunei, Cambodia,[384] China,[385] Ethiopia,[386] Ghana, Guinea,[387] India, Japan,[388][389] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[390] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[391] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[392] Singapore, South Korea,[393] Taiwan, Thailand,[394] Uganda,[395] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[396][397][398] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[399]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[400] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[401][402]

See also

References and Notes

References
  1. ^ "Global Passport Ranking".
  2. ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  3. ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  4. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  5. ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  6. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  28. ^ "Bhutan eVisa".
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  357. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
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  363. ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  364. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  365. ^ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
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  396. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  397. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  398. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
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  402. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
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