Vidal Morales y Morales
Vidal Morales | |
|---|---|
| Born | Vidal Morales y Morales April 21, 1848 Havana, Captaincy General of Cuba, Spanish Empire |
| Died | August 27, 1904 Havana, Cuba |
| Nickname | Mommsen of Cuba |
| Nationality | Republic of Cuba |
Vidal Morales y Morales (April 21, 1848 – August 27, 1904) was a Cuban lawyer, writer, and historian.[1]
Biography
Early life and education
Vidal Morales y Morales was born on April 21, 1848, in Havana, Spanish Cuba.[2] He was born into a family distinguished for centuries in Cuban history, possessing vast estates and participating closely in the governance of the island, especially within the Ayuntamiento of Havana. From an early age, he was drawn to the past and serious historical study. His uncle, Dr. Antonio Bachiller y Morales, was the author of Cuba Primitiva.[3]
Morales completed his civil law studies at the University of Havana. He was a pupil of José Ignacio Rodríguez's teachings in Havana.[4] By 1872, he had become a Doctor of Jurisprudence.[5] He was the founding secretary of the Havana College of Lawyers (Spanish: Colegio de Abogados de la Habana) in Havana.[6]
Cuban Anthropological Society
On September 16, 1877, the Anthropological Society of the Island of Cuba (Spanish: Sociedad Antropologica de la Isla de Cuba) elected its new board for 1877–1878, with Morales among the members in attendance.[7] His study of the Cuban autonomy movement appeared in a series of articles titled The Island of Cuba in its Different Constitutional Periods, first published in the Havana magazine El Triunfo in 1879.[3]
In 1882, Vidal Morales y Morales had been in contact with Marcos Jiménez de la Espada to find out if the second volume of La Guerra de Quito had been published.[8]
Royal Economic Society of Friends of the Country
He attended the inauguration of the "Royal Academy of Medical, Physical, and Natural Sciences" (now the Cuban Academy of Sciences) in Havana on May 19, 1886, as a correspondent for the Royal Economic Society of Friends of the Country (Spanish: Sociedad Económica de los Amigos del País).[9]
He donated a volume to the Boston Public Library from Havana, in 1888.[10]
In 1891, Morales wrote his first piece appearing in La Tertulia, a publication of Cuban cultural promotion.[11]
By 1892, the noted biographer Morales was in possession of an unpublished manuscript for José Antonio Saco's autobiography.[12]
U.S. occupation of Cuba
On August 2, 1899, the military governor of Cuba, Leonard Wood, assigned Vidal Morales y Morales to be an associate justice of Pinar del Río Province.[13]
National Archive of Cuba
Appointed the chief of the Archives of Cuba by Gen. Wood on January 25, 1900, he began overseeing the Archivo Nacional de la República de Cuba in February.[14] He was the founder of its bulletin.[15] His extensive knowledge and tireless historical research justly earned him the title of Mommsen of Cuba. Julio Ponce de León, son of Nestor Ponce de León, served as his assistant.[3]
In January 1901, he published Initiators and First Martyrs of the Cuban Revolution (Spanish: Inciadores y Primeros Mártires de la Revolución Cubana) in Havana.[16] The work, grounded in deep research, was a valuable resource for tracing Cuba's early pursuit of enlightenment, liberty, and happiness.[3]
He wrote the historical manual, Notions of Cuban History (Spanish: Nociones de Historia de Cuba), published in 1901.[17] The texts were the leading textbooks on Cuban history in elementary schools. A 1902 manual for Cuba's teacher certification exam included letters by Morales, Manuel Sanguily, Nicolás Heredia, Carlos de la Torre, Manuel Valdés Rodríguez, and Esteban Borrero.[18] It was approved by the Board of Superintendents of Public Schools of the Island of Cuba on November 25, 1903.[19]
When the American government established the National Library of Havana within the Cuartel de la Feurza in 1902, the chief of the Archives of Cuba enriched it with his valuable private historical collection.[20] The collection reflected 25 years of collecting books relating to Cuba and Spanish-American history. It included a 1552 Las Casas from Seville, a 1565 edition of Girolamo Benzoni's The History of the New World, the dreams of José María Heredia y Heredia, and Plácido's poetry.[21] He worked alongside librarian Domingo Figarola-Caneda.[3]
In the early months of 1904, Morales y Morales had publications in the January, February, and March issues of the magazine Cuba Pedagógica.[22] His work Hombres del 68 (English: Men of '68) was also published in 1904.[23]
Death
Morales died at 56 years old in Havana, Cuba, on August 27, 1904.[24]
Further reading
The Vidal Morales y Morales Collection is included in the 'Antonio Bachiller y Morales' Collection at the Biblioteca Nacional José Martí in Havana, Cuba.[25][26]
References
- ^ Santiago. (1981). Cuba: La Universidad.
- ^ "Vidal Morales y Morales". biografiasyvidas.com. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
- ^ a b c d e "The Mommsen Of Cuba". Boston Evening Transcript. January 4, 1905. p. 14.
- ^ McCadden, J., McCadden, H. M. (1969). Father Varela; Torch Bearer from Cuba. United States: United States Catholic Historical Society.
- ^ American Sugar Industry. (1915). United States: R. Palmer.
- ^ Santa Cruz y Mallén, F. X. d. (1940). Historia de familias cubanas. United States: Editorial Hércules.
- ^ Crónica médico-quirúrgica de La Habana. (1877). Cuba: Propaganda Literaria.
- ^ Morales y Morales, V., Jiménez de la Espada, M. (1882). Vidal Morales y Morales se dirige a Marcos Jiménez de la Espada para saber si se ha publicado el tomo segundo de La Guerra de Quito. (n.p.): (n.p.).
- ^ Anales de la Academia de ciencias medicas, físicas y naturales de la Habana: Revista científica. (1886). Cuba: Academia de Ciencias Médicas, Físicas y Naturales de la Habana..
- ^ Document. (1890). United States: City Council.
- ^ Cuadernos de cultura. (1934). Cuba: Ministerio de Educación, Dirección de Cultura.
- ^ Revista cubana. (1892). Cuba: Soler, Alvarez y Comp..
- ^ Annual Reports of the War Department. (1900). United States: U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ^ Annual Report of the Secretary of War. (1901). United States: U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ^ General History of the Caribbean. (1999). United Kingdom: Unesco.
- ^ Wilgus, A. C. (1965). Histories and Historians of Hispanic America. United Kingdom: Cooper Square Publishers.
- ^ The Cuban Republic and José Martí: Reception and Use of a National Symbol. (2006). United Kingdom: Lexington Books.
- ^ Iglesias Utset, M. (2011). A Cultural History of Cuba During the U.S. Occupation, 1898-1902. United States: University of North Carolina Press.
- ^ Alvarez Conde, J. (1951). Carlos de la Torre, su vida y su obra. Cuba: Impr. 'El Siglo XX'.
- ^ "New And Better Havana". Lincoln Journal Star. July 6, 1903. p. 7.
- ^ "Havana Library Is Historic Lure". The Miami Herald. August 11, 1935. p. 26.
- ^ Cuba contemporanea: revista mensual. (1925). Cuba: (n.p.).
- ^ Morales y Morales, V. (1904). Hombres del 68: Rafael Morales y González : contribución al estudio de la historia de la independencia de Cuba. Cuba: Rambla y Bouza.
- ^ Dollero, A. (1916). Cuban Culture. Cuba: Impr. "El Siglo XX" de A. Miranda.
- ^ "Consultation rooms | Biblioteca Nacional de Cuba José Martí". bnjm.cu. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
- ^ Pettway, M. (2019). Cuban Literature in the Age of Black Insurrection: Manzano, Plácido, and Afro-Latino Religion. United States: University Press of Mississippi.