Una, Himachal Pradesh
Una | |
|---|---|
Una Location in Himachal Pradesh, India | |
| Coordinates: 31°28′05″N 76°16′16″E / 31.468°N 76.271°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Himachal Pradesh |
| District | Una |
| Elevation | 369 m (1,211 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 18,722 |
| • Rank | 10 in HP |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| • Other spoken | Punjabi, Pahari |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | HP-19, HP-19AA, HP-20, HP-72 HP-78, HP-80 |
| Website | hpuna |
Una is a City with Municipal Council and district headquarter in Una district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Una sits on the border with Punjab, Una is one of the gateways to Himachal Pradesh. It lies on the bank of River Swan, a tributary of Sutlej.[1]
The city's terrain is a mix of both hilly and plain areas. In fact, the low hilly terrain gradually flattens to merge with the plains, giving Una a tropical climate which gets quite hot in summer months.
Himachal has 5 Shakti Peeths [2]Chintpurni Temple is located in Chintpurni village, about 45 kms north of the city.[3]
Chintpurni Temple, Kila Baba Bedi ji and Pong Dam are major tourist attractions of this area.[4]
Palampur is served by the Una Himachal railway station (UNA), NH 503 and NH 503A connects Palampur, nearest airports are Chandigarh Airport and Kangra Airport (IATA: DHM, ICAO: VIGG).
History
The ancient Una Fort (Kila), which is a historical fort and an ancestral home of the descendants of the first guru of the Sikhs, Guru Nanak.[5] Many Bedi descendants of Lakhmi Das, the younger son of Guru Nanak, reside at Una.[6]
Geography and climate
Una is located at 31°29′N 76°17′E / 31.48°N 76.28°E.[7] It has an average elevation of 369 metres (1,210 feet). The elevation keeps temperatures cooler than surrounding lowlands, however, the area still experiences temperatures up to 45 °C (113 °F).[8]
| Climate data for Una (1991–2020, extremes 1985–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 31.0 (87.8) |
34.2 (93.6) |
39.4 (102.9) |
43.2 (109.8) |
45.2 (113.4) |
45.2 (113.4) |
42.2 (108.0) |
39.0 (102.2) |
38.6 (101.5) |
36.6 (97.9) |
33.4 (92.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
45.2 (113.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 19.7 (67.5) |
23.1 (73.6) |
28.5 (83.3) |
34.3 (93.7) |
38.4 (101.1) |
37.7 (99.9) |
33.9 (93.0) |
32.9 (91.2) |
32.8 (91.0) |
31.5 (88.7) |
27.5 (81.5) |
22.7 (72.9) |
30.2 (86.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.1 (37.6) |
5.8 (42.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
13.4 (56.1) |
18.3 (64.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
21.8 (71.2) |
21.6 (70.9) |
19.8 (67.6) |
13.7 (56.7) |
8.0 (46.4) |
3.5 (38.3) |
13.3 (55.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −5.8 (21.6) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
3.0 (37.4) |
6.7 (44.1) |
8.6 (47.5) |
14.7 (58.5) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
12.3 (54.1) |
5.1 (41.2) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 42.3 (1.67) |
48.3 (1.90) |
38.5 (1.52) |
24.8 (0.98) |
29.7 (1.17) |
109.1 (4.30) |
316.1 (12.44) |
338.0 (13.31) |
136.3 (5.37) |
22.8 (0.90) |
7.3 (0.29) |
19.8 (0.78) |
1,132.8 (44.60) |
| Average rainy days | 2.7 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 6.5 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 5.8 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 52.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 64 | 62 | 53 | 42 | 38 | 49 | 66 | 71 | 65 | 60 | 56 | 59 | 57 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[9][10][11] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
According to the 2011 Census of India, Una town had a population of 18,722 with 9,851 males and 8,871 females.[13] The literacy rate was 86.21%, higher than the state average of 82.80%.[13] The male literacy and female literacy rates were 88.84 and 83.29% respectively. There were 1,954 children below the age of six years. The sex ratio and child sex ratio of the town stood at 901 and 918 respectively.[13] Punjabi and Pahari are the main spoken languages.
Transport
Una serves as a major gateway to south-western Himachal Pradesh, with strategic road and rail connectivity and inland routes to Manali, Dharamshala, Shimla, Chamba, and beyond via National Highway 503 and National Highway 503A.[14] to several important towns in Himachal and Punjab.[15]
Road
Una is well connected to Delhi, Chandigarh, Amritsar, Dharamshala, Manali, Chamba, and Shimla via Himachal Road Transport Corporation (HRTC) services.[16]
These include Super Luxury, Luxury, Super Fast, and Ordinary buses. The town also has an Inter-State Bus Terminal (ISBT) and a network of private buses and taxis.
Rail
Una Himachal Railway Station (station code: UHL) is the only broad-gauge terminus in the region. Commissioned in 1990, it lies ~1.5 km from the ISBT and connects to New Delhi (via Vande Bharat Express and Jan Shatabdi Express), Amb Andaura (via Himachal Express), Chandigarh, and long-distance destinations like Hazur Sahib Nanded and Sabarmati and some other trains connected it with Ambala Cantt Junction.
Air
• Gaggal (Kangra) Domestic Airport (114 km)
• Chandigarh International Airport (127 km)
Tourism & Culture
Ecotourism Presence: Una hosts a local chapter of the Ecotourism Society of Himachal Pradesh, promoting sustainable tourism and conservation initiatives.[17]
Kila Baba Bedi ji: Una fort built in Afghani and Indian architectural style, known to be the ancestral place of the First Sikh Guru, Guru Nanak.[18]
Pong Dam: A dam and a wildlife sanctuary, major attarction amongst tourists.[19]
Notable religious sites include[20]
Chintpurni Temple: A revered Shakti Peeth. This is one of the most famous temples in the Una district of Himachal Pradesh. It is situated on the Dharamshala-Hoshiarpur road. It is visited by thousands of devotees, mostly from Himachal Pradesh and Punjab. Chintpurni temple, as the name suggests, is devoted to the Supreme Goddess Durga.
Kutlehar Fort: Also known as the Forts of Solasingi, is a group of forts in the Una district of Himachal Pradesh.
Dera Baba Gurbarbhag Singh at Mairi:[21] It is situated in village Mairi, which is 42 Km away from the Una city.
Dera Baba Shri Chand Ji Mandir at Pubowal: This famous and beautiful religious place is devoted to Baba Shri Chand ji the founder of Udasin Samparday and the elder son of Shri Guru Nanak dev ji situated 17Km away from the district Una headquarters in Pubowal village of Haroli tehsil. This place was founded in 1980 by Sant Santosh Dass Ji in his childhood at the age of 9 years. Thousands of devotees visit here to get blessings of Dhan Dhan Baba Shri Chand ji maharaj. This place is spreading awareness about the Gurubani and Naam since 1980.
References
- ^ "Ecotourism Society of Himachal Pradesh | UNA". himachalecotourism.in. Retrieved 21 May 2025.
- ^ "Shakti Peeth In Himachal Pradesh". 28 February 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
- ^ "Una". Una. Retrieved 22 June 2025.
- ^ "Una". Una. Retrieved 22 June 2025.
- ^ "Kila Baba Sahib Singh Ji Bedi Una Sahib". HP Tours. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
- ^ Mann, Gurinder Singh (3 May 2001). "Figure 1. Current Residence of Sikh Gurus' Descendants". The Making of Sikh Scripture. Oxford University Press. p. 8. ISBN 9780198029878.
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Una
- ^ "India heatwave temperatures pass 50 Celsius". Phys.org. 2 June 2019. Retrieved 2 June 2019.
- ^ "Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
- ^ "Station: Una Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 775–776. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M73. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
- ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ a b c "Una Population Census 2011". Census 2011 India. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ "National Highways in Himachal Pradesh" (PDF). Himachal Pradesh Public Works Department. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
- ^ "How to Reach | District Una, Government of Himachal Pradesh | India". Retrieved 21 June 2025.
- ^ "Himachal Road Transport Corporation". hrtchp.com. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
- ^ "Ecotourism Society of Himachal Pradesh | Ecotourism Society of Himachal Pradesh". himachalecotourism.in. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
- ^ "Kila Baba Sahib Singh Ji bedi Una Sahib". Una. Retrieved 22 June 2025.
- ^ "Pong Dam". Una. Retrieved 22 June 2025.
- ^ "About District | District Una, Government of Himachal Pradesh | India". Retrieved 21 June 2025.
- ^ "DERA BABA BARBHAG SINGH – MAIRI | District Una, Government of Himachal Pradesh | India". Retrieved 2 November 2023.