Uhangri Formation

Uhangri Formation
Stratigraphic range: Campanian[1]
TypeGeological formation
Unit ofHaenam Group
UnderliesHwangsan Tuff
OverliesAndesitic Tuff
Thickness400 meters
Lithology
PrimarySandstone
OtherShale
Location
Coordinates34°36′N 126°24′E / 34.6°N 126.4°E / 34.6; 126.4
Approximate paleocoordinates38°30′N 115°00′E / 38.5°N 115.0°E / 38.5; 115.0
RegionHaenam, Jeollanam-do
CountrySouth Korea
Type section
Named forUhangri, Haenam
Uhangri Formation (South Korea)

The Uhangri Formation (Korean: 우항리층; Hanja: 牛項里層; RR: Uhangni-cheung), located at the Haenam, Jeollanam-do, South Korea is a non-marine geological formation known with epiclastic fluvio-lacustrine sequence with minor volcaniclastics.[2] Ichnofossils are found in the upper part of the Uhangri Formation, and they are associated with ripple marks, indicating the part of the formation was the shallow lake margin.[3]

Fossil contents

Ichnofossils

Pterosaur, dinosaur, and bird tracks are preserved in situ, nearby the Haenam Uhangri Dinosaur Museum. Unnamed tracks of theropods, sauropods and ornithopods are known from the Uhangri Formation.[4] Star-shaped dinosaur trackway with an unknown trackmaker has been discovered and described. It is unsure whether it represents manus-only trackway made by a sauropod trackmaker during swimming,[5][6] or undertracks made by an ornithopod trackmaker.[7]

Ichnofossils of the Uhangri Formation
Genus Species Presence Description Images
Haenamichnus[3] H. uhangriensis Site P2 Pes size 350mm, consistent with gigantic azhdarchid pterosaurs. Pad impressions present on pes.
H. isp. Site P1, Site P4 and Site P9 Pes size 200-220mm, consistent with azhdarchid pterosaurs wingspan of 5-6m. Length of the trackway from Site P9 is 7.3 meters long, representing the longest pterosaur trackway.
Hwangsanipes[8] H. choughi Ornithuromorph bird tracks with webbings.
Uhangrichnus[8] U. chuni Ornithuromorph bird tracks without webbings.
Caririchnium C. isp. Ornithopod tracks
Lithographus[9] L. hieroglypichus Arthropod tracks, associated with burrows and a resting trace. Possibly made by Dragonfly nymphs.[10]

Ostracods

Ostracods of the Uhangri Formation[11]
Genus Species Presence Description Images
Cypridea C. sp.
Candona C. sp.
Eucythere E. sp.

Paleoflora

Plants of the Uhangri Formation[12]
Genus Species Presence Description Images
Cupressinoxylon C. uhangriense
Taxodioxylon T. cf. nihongii

See also

References

  1. ^ Kim, C.B.; Kim, J.M.; Huh, M. (2008). "Age and stratification of dinosaur eggs and clutches from Seonso Formation, South Korea" (PDF). Journal of the Korean Earth Science Society. 29 (5): 386–395. doi:10.5467/JKESS.2008.29.5.386.
  2. ^ Chun, Seung Soo; Chough, Sung Kwun (April 1995). "The Cretaceous Uhangri Formation, SW Korea: lacustrine margin facies". Sedimentology. 42 (2): 293–322. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1995.tb02104.x.
  3. ^ a b Hwang, Koo-Geun; Huh, Min; Lockley, Martin G.; Unwin, David M.; Wright, Joanna L. (July 2002). "New pterosaur tracks (Pteraichnidae) from the Late Cretaceous Uhangri Formation, southwestern Korea" (PDF). Geological Magazine. 139 (4): 421–435. doi:10.1017/S0016756802006647.
  4. ^ Huh, Min; Hwang, Koo Geun; Paik, In Sung; Chung, Chull Hwan; Kim, Bo Seong (June 2003). "Dinosaur tracks from the Cretaceous of South Korea: Distribution, occurrences and paleobiological significance". Island Arc. 12 (2): 132–144. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1738.2003.00386.x.
  5. ^ Lee, Yuong-Nam; Huh, Min (2002). "Manus-only sauropod tracks in the Uhangri Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Korea and their paleobiological implications" (PDF). Journal of Paleontology. 76 (3): 558-564. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2002)0762.0.CO;2.
  6. ^ Lee, Yuong-Nam; Lee, Hang-Jae (2006). "A sauropod trackway in Donghae-Myeon, Goseong county, south Gyeongsang province, Korea and its plaeobiological implications of Uhangri manus-only sauropod tracks" (PDF). Journal of the Paleontological Society of Korea. 22 (1): 1-14.
  7. ^ Hwang, Koo-Geun; Lockley, Martin G.; Huh, Min; Paik, In Sung (13 February 2008). "A reinterpretation of dinosaur footprints with internal ridges from the Upper Cretaceous Uhangri Formation, Korea". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 258 (1): 59–70. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.10.029.
  8. ^ a b Yang, Seong‐Young; Lockley, Martin G.; Greben, Rebecca; Erickson, Bruce R.; Lim, Seong‐Kyu (April 1995). "Flamingo and duck‐like bird tracks from the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary: Evidence and implications". Ichnos. 4 (1): 21–34. doi:10.1080/10420949509380111.
  9. ^ Minter, Nicholas J.; Lockley, Martin G.; Huh, Min; Hwang, Koo-Geun; Kim, Jeong Yul (2012). "Lithographus, an Abundant Arthropod Trackway from the Cretaceous Haenam Tracksite of Korea". Ichnos. 19 (1–2): 115–120. Bibcode:2012Ichno..19..115M. doi:10.1080/10420940.2011.625756. S2CID 129177512.
  10. ^ Jung, Jongyun; Huh, Min; Choi, Byung-Do (29 February 2020). "A comparative study on tracemaker of arthropod trace fossils in the Uhangri Formation, Haenam, Korea". Journal of the Geological Society of Korea. 56 (1): 3–16. doi:10.14770/jgsk.2020.56.1.3.
  11. ^ Choi, Byung-Do; Wang, Yaqiong (2025). "Cretaceous non-marine ostracod faunas of South Korea: Synthesis of taxonomy, biostratigraphy and paleoecology". Cretaceous Research. 168. 106070. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2024.106070.
  12. ^ Kim, Jeong Yul; Huh, Min (2018). Dinosaurs, Birds, and Pterosaurs of Korea: A Paradise of Mesozoic Vertebrates (PDF). Springer Nature. ISBN 978-981-10-6998-7.
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