Tourism in Uzbekistan

Tourism represents a substantial and fast-growing sector of the economy of Uzbekistan. The government of Uzbekistan under President Shavkat Mirziyoyev has invested heavily in developing tourism as a high-growth potential industry, resulting in an increase in international arrivals from approximately 1 million in 2016 to 7 million in 2023.[1][2]

Uzbekistan's most-visited tourist sites are associated with the history of the Silk Road, particularly the cities of Bukhara, Khiva, and Samarkand. The Registan ensemble in Samarkand, a complex of three madrasahs dating from the 15-17th centuries situated around the city's historic central square, is one of Uzbekistan's most-visited landmarks, attracting more than 1 million visitors in 2022.[3] Uzbekistan is home to seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the historical centres of Bukhara, Samarkand, and Shakhrisabz, the birthplace of Amir Timur; as well as the Ichan Qala (lit. "inner fortress"), the walled centre of Khiva.[4] While most visitors cited interest in Uzbekistan's historical-architectural sites and culture,[5] the government of Uzbekistan and tourism organizations are also working to develop other tourism areas, such as ecotourism and pilgrimage tourism.[6][7]

The government of Uzbekistan continues to invest in both developing tourism-related infrastructure, and marketing Uzbekistan as a tourism destination. The Samarkand International Airport was completely reconstructed in 2022 to triple its capacity,[8] and renovations of the Tashkent International Airport are ongoing as of 2024.[9] Uzbekistan's Ministry of Culture and Tourism has partnered with international media, streaming services, and social media influencers to promote the country's tourism potential.[10]

Visitors by countries

Visitors arriving to Uzbekistan were from the following countries of nationality:

Nationality 2022[11] 2021[12] 2020[13] 2019[14] 2018[15] 2017[16] 2016[17] 2015[18] 2014[19]
Kazakhstan 1,551,100 565,330 424,100 2,261,094 2,456,866 1,783,815 1,412,161 1,285,008 1,163,984
Tajikistan 1,447,800 288,210 337,500 1,473,684 1,700,658 261,861 213,692 246,816 291,167
Kyrgyzstan 1,356,900 652,170 508,000 1,454,907 1,101,477 375,017 174, 845 146,332 119,620
Turkmenistan No data No data 60,600 574,795 245,756 62,483 49,526 55,060 44,925
Russia 567,700 190,490 81,600 455,470 460,166 143,900 119,049 123,153 124,218
Turkey 75,600 44,170 1,400 63,539 74,802 55,238 46,069 40,389 40,563
Afghanistan No data 34,000 No data 62,580 71,067 32,130 24,365 21,995 21,249
China 5,400 No data 7,200 54,293 37,083 19,749 16,765 16,441 14,818
South Korea 19,900 5,750 6,700 35,524 32,700 37,357 31,936 30,489 33,323
India 16,800 10,660 4,700 27,898 22,198 15,829 18,746 19,827 21,707
Germany 17,700 6,910 2,100 27,625 19,056 7,811 6,605 6,122 8,041
Japan No data No data 1,400 24,944 17,237 4,086 3,012 2,306 2,423
France 11,000 No data 1,100 20,390 14,195 5,748 4,889 3,670 6,019
Italy 8,800 No data 900 20,356 14,156 5,162 3,057 2,601 3,520
USA 13,100 5,420 1,800 17,106 12,723 1,525 1,349 1,367 1,454
United Kingdom 10,500 No data 1,400 15,962 8,941 3,256 2,217 1,959 2,043
Ukraine No data 4,700 3,200 14,041 15,573 735 664 2,431 4,763
Israel No data No data 1,000 13,615 10,022 4,155 3,564 3,738 3,414
Iran No data No data 900 13,469 10,573 3,058 5,541 6,654 8,445
Azerbaijan 10,400 No data 2,200 12,367 11,161 4,312 2,989 3,368 3,878
Spain 6,300 No data No data 12,191 7,745 449 353 239 1,552
Belarus No data 4,260 1,600 7,411 16,470 3,011 1,813 1,224 666
Pakistan No data 10,740 1,800 5,791 6,032 3,799 424 390 14
Poland No data No data No data 5,132 3,147 115 182 176 353
Moldova No data No data 1,000 4,601 6,215 33 24 34 70
Australia No data No data No data 4,588 2,549 2 3 4 35
Netherlands No data No data No data 4,504 3,054 30 28 68 96
Malaysia No data No data No data 4,388 2,837 3,164 3,450 2,807 3,922
 Switzerland No data No data No data 3,837 3,115 63 28 47 78
Canada No data No data No data 3,767 1,946
No data
No data
No data
3
Austria No data No data No data 3,216 2,226 29 40 97 138
Belgium No data No data No data 3,044 2,235 48 29 67 79
Georgia No data No data No data 2,916 2,990 129 177 228 135
Indonesia No data No data No data 2,702 1,702 1
No data
No data
No data
UAE No data No data No data 2,423 1,664 5,771 5,880 5,533 5,003
Taiwan No data No data No data 2,131 1,381 1
No data
No data
3
Latvia No data No data No data 1,933 1,478 291 256 413 604
Singapore No data No data No data 1,820 1,804 10
No data
2
No data
Czech Republic No data No data No data 1,804 1,547 128 44 71 1,942
Sweden No data No data No data 1,782 1,092 3
No data
7 12
Armenia No data No data No data 1,740 1,529 9 44 23 16
Norway No data No data No data 1,659 1,168
No data
No data
No data
No data
Thailand No data No data No data 1,637 1,260 1,987 1,459 1,414 1,348
Denmark No data No data No data 1,605 775 2
No data
1 2
Philippines No data No data No data 1,510 635 18
No data
8 402
Lithuania No data No data No data 1,453 873 474 524 804 654
Saudi Arabia No data No data No data 1,382 974 56 266 290 80
Greece No data No data No data 1,211 821 1 3 23 41
Slovakia No data No data No data 1,112 668 20 17 48 55
Bulgaria No data No data No data 1,064 738 17 76 28 64
Hungary No data No data No data 1,047 1,014 23 5 20 39
Bangladesh No data No data No data 1,039 448 9 6 8 18
Statelessness No data No data No data 1,024 2,558
No data
No data
No data
No data
Finland No data No data No data 974 635 3 16 20
No data
Egypt No data No data No data 923 689 4
No data
No data
No data
Romania No data No data No data 920 508 1
No data
No data
17
Portugal No data No data No data 916 683
No data
No data
No data
No data
Estonia No data No data No data 908 421 1 22 28
New Zealand No data No data No data 809 555
No data
1
No data
No data
Serbia No data No data No data 776 654
No data
No data
No data
No data
Mongolia No data No data No data 726 269 92 66 11
No data
Ireland No data No data No data 702 414
No data
No data
No data
No data
Brazil No data No data No data 680 516
No data
No data
No data
No data
Slovenia No data No data No data 542 455 2 1 22 75
Jordan No data No data No data 532 354 12
No data
No data
30
South Africa No data No data No data 431 214
No data
No data
No data
No data
Mexico No data No data No data 421 270
No data
No data
No data
No data
Vietnam No data No data No data 414 269 433 464 237 56
Kuwait No data No data No data 386 302 51
No data
50 55
Syria No data No data No data 331 314
No data
No data
No data
1
Argentina No data No data No data 319 220
No data
No data
1
No data
Iraq No data No data No data 313 195
No data
No data
No data
7
Oman No data No data No data 296 248 9 2
No data
97
Croatia No data No data No data 288 245 6
No data
No data
3
Colombia No data No data No data 235 232
No data
No data
No data
No data
  Nepal No data No data No data 230 143 7
No data
No data
384
Nigeria No data No data No data 216 156
No data
No data
No data
No data
Morocco No data No data No data 213 153
No data
No data
No data
No data
Luxembourg No data No data No data 174 168
No data
No data
No data
11
Sri Lanka No data No data No data 151 123
No data
No data
No data
164
Chile No data No data No data 144 149
No data
No data
No data
No data
Cyprus No data No data No data 139 77
No data
No data
No data
2
Qatar No data No data No data 137 174 76
No data
No data
40
Yemen No data No data No data 132 91
No data
No data
No data
18
Bosnia and Herzegovina No data No data No data 130 91
No data
No data
No data
No data
Algeria No data No data No data 120 156
No data
No data
No data
No data
Tunisia No data No data No data 115 169
No data
No data
No data
No data
Bahrain No data No data No data 111 65
No data
No data
No data
No data
Palestine No data No data No data 108 111
No data
No data
No data
No data
DPRK No data No data No data 102 49
No data
No data
No data
No data
Malta No data No data No data 98 42
No data
No data
No data
North Macedonia No data No data No data 78 47
No data
No data
No data
No data
Cameroon No data No data No data 77 16
No data
No data
No data
No data
Albania No data No data No data 63 33
No data
No data
No data
No data
Myanmar No data No data No data 61 44
No data
No data
No data
No data
Peru No data No data No data 61 35
No data
No data
No data
No data
Brunei No data No data No data 55 15
No data
No data
No data
No data
Iceland No data No data No data 50 28
No data
No data
No data
No data
Ghana No data No data No data 49 17
No data
No data
No data
No data
Sudan No data No data No data 48 47
No data
No data
No data
No data
Cambodia No data No data No data 46 12
No data
No data
No data
No data
Ethiopia No data No data No data 45 25
No data
No data
16
No data
Kenya No data No data No data 44 65
No data
No data
No data
No data
Montenegro No data No data No data 38 25
No data
No data
No data
No data
Ecuador No data No data No data 35 36
No data
No data
No data
No data
Venezuela No data No data No data 34 100
No data
No data
No data
No data
Mauritius No data No data No data 33 17
No data
No data
No data
No data
Saint Kitts and Nevis No data No data No data 32 15
No data
No data
No data
No data
Zimbabwe No data No data No data 32 13
No data
No data
No data
No data
Ivory Coast No data No data No data 31 4
No data
No data
No data
No data
Andorra No data No data No data 29 39
No data
No data
No data
No data
Comoros No data No data No data 29 31
No data
No data
No data
No data
Cuba No data No data No data 29 35
No data
No data
No data
No data
Costa Rica No data No data No data 27 19
No data
No data
No data
No data
Uruguay No data No data No data 26 11
No data
No data
No data
No data
Laos No data No data No data 25 19
No data
No data
No data
No data
Dominica No data No data No data 24 12
No data
No data
No data
No data
Bhutan No data No data No data 21 14
No data
No data
No data
8
Zambia No data No data No data 21 9
No data
No data
No data
No data
Senegal No data No data No data 19 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
Guinea No data No data No data 18 11
No data
No data
No data
No data
Marshall Islands No data No data No data 18 41
No data
No data
No data
No data
Bolivia No data No data No data 17 21
No data
No data
No data
No data
DRC No data No data No data 17 10
No data
No data
No data
No data
Uganda No data No data No data 17 15
No data
No data
No data
1
Kiribati No data No data No data 16 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
Monaco No data No data No data 16 4
No data
No data
No data
No data
Libya No data No data No data 13 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
Tanzania No data No data No data 13 14
No data
No data
No data
No data
El Salvador No data No data No data 12 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
Jamaica No data No data No data 11 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Maldives No data No data No data 11 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
Dominican Republic No data No data No data 10 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Paraguay No data No data No data 10 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
Honduras No data No data No data 9 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
Mali No data No data No data 9 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
São Tomé and Príncipe No data No data No data 9 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
Angola No data No data No data 8 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
Burundi No data No data No data 8 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Fiji No data No data No data 8 5
No data
No data
No data
No data
Panama No data No data No data 8 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
Botswana No data No data No data 7 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Nicaragua No data No data No data 7 5
No data
No data
No data
No data
Eswatini No data No data No data 7 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Mauritania No data No data No data 6 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
Rwanda No data No data No data 6 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
San Marino No data No data No data 6 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
Somalia No data No data No data 6 5
No data
No data
No data
No data
Guatemala No data No data No data 5 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
Trinidad and Tobago No data No data No data 5 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
Burkina Faso No data No data No data 4 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Eritrea No data No data No data 4 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
Guyana No data No data No data 4 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Haiti No data No data No data 4 4
No data
No data
No data
No data
Namibia No data No data No data 4 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
Niger No data No data No data 4 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Chad No data No data No data 3 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Gambia No data No data No data 3 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
Malawi No data No data No data 3 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Vanuatu No data No data No data 3 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Antigua and Barbuda No data No data No data 2 5
No data
No data
No data
No data
Barbados No data No data No data 2 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Djibouti No data No data No data 2 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Benin No data No data No data 2 4
No data
No data
No data
No data
Gabon No data No data No data 2 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Grenada No data No data No data 2 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Netherlands Antilles No data No data No data 2 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Togo No data No data No data 2 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Tokelau No data No data No data 2 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
Turks and Caicos Islands No data No data No data 2 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Bermuda No data No data No data 1 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Cape Verde No data No data No data 1 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Central African Republic No data No data No data 1 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Madagascar No data No data No data 1 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
Mozambique No data No data No data 1 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Saint Helena No data No data No data 1 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Saint Lucia No data No data No data 1 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Surinam No data No data No data 1 0
No data
No data
No data
No data
Vatican No data No data No data 1 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
Bahamas No data No data No data 0 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
French Polynesia No data No data No data 0 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Nauru No data No data No data 0 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
Papua New Guinea No data No data No data 0 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
Sierra Leone No data No data No data 0 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
United States Virgin Islands No data No data No data 0 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
Total 5,232,800 1,881,350 1,504,100 6,748,512 6,432,983 2,847,877 2,157,676 2,034,253 1,938,035

Mountaineering, hiking and rock-climbing

The southeast portion of the country contains the western ends of the Tien Shan mountains, which attract active forms of tourism such as mountaineering and rock climbing. Most well known for its ease of access from Tashkent is the Greater Chimgan Peak (3,309 m) of the Chatkal Range. This place serves as a starting point for many routes of hiking, climbing, horse riding, mountain skiing, and hang-gliding. Uzbekistan has multiple ski and mountain resorts, including Chimgan, which was constructed during the Soviet era, and Amirsoy, which opened in 2019. Both resorts are open for visitors to enjoy during seasons other than winter.[20]

Architectural and historical sights

Samarkand with its Registan, Bibi-Khanym Mosque, Gur-Emir and Shah-i-Zinda, Bukhara with its Po-i-Kalyan Complex, Ark citadel, Samanid Mausoleum and Lyabi Khauz Ensemble, and Khiva with its intact inner city, Ichan Kala, mosques, madrasahs, minarets, walls, and gates, are sites of tourism.

The historical center of Samarkand is a World Heritage Site. Samarkand is home to cultural and architectural landmarks that are preserved as works of Islamic art and architecture. The necropolis of Shah-i-Zinda is a popular tourist attraction.[21] The general conference of UNESCO accepted the decision of inclusion in the list of anniversaries celebrating the 2750th anniversary of Samarkand.[22]

Tashkent contains sights such as the Mausoleum of Sheikh Zaynudin, Bobo, the Sheihantaur and Mausoleum of Zangiata.

Tourism in Khorezm Province and Karakalpakstan

Ancient Khiva is one of the three most important tourism centers in Uzbekistan. The territory of the Khorezm Province and Karakalpakstan is contains many natural, historic, architectural, and archaeological sites. The Khorezm Province itself possesses nearly 300 historic monuments.

One point of interest is the Savitsky Museum in the town of Nukus, which houses a collection of avant-garde art. The museum also has regional collection. A number of ecological tours are organized to the ship cemetery located in the Muynak area along what was once the coastline of the Aral Sea.

In 2005, Khorezm was visited by 43,000 tourists, of whom 19,700 were foreigners. The majority came from France, Germany, Israel, Great Britain, Australia, and Japan. Khiva's visitors were mostly at the age of 50–70 (46%); about 21% of tourists were of the age 30–40. 32% of the visitors to Khorezm were independent travelers who received visa support from local travel agencies.

Wildlife areas in the desert and other attractions on nomadic ways

There is a Kyzyl Kum nature reserve at the flood-land (tugai) drained by the Amu-Darya which has many species of rare animals. In addition, there are many kinds of water birds that migrate the Aral Sea and make their homes around the lake. The region of Aydar Lake allows for tourists to fish, yurt and camel-back ride.

Another reserve Djeyran is located 40 km south of Bukhara.

Another point of interest is Sarmishsay, a gorge located on the southern slopes of the Karatau mountain range, 30–40 km to the northeast of the city of Navoi (Kermine) in Uzbekistan. The area is famous for various ancient monuments of anthropogenic activity concentrated in an area of about 20 km2. This includes flint quarries, mines, old settlements, burial mounds, crypts and petroglyphs, including monuments of the Middle Ages, early Iron Age, Bronze Age and the Stone Age. There are over 4,000 petroglyphs still intact in Sarmishsay. Since ancient times the area has been a sacred zone, where locals performed their sacred ceremonies on holy days.

Religious tourism

Uzbekistan is a country with predominantly Islamic roots. More than 160 Muslim sacred relics are located in the country.

Uzbekistan has numerous sites of significant importance to Islam, including the Mausoleum of Sheikh Zaynudin Bobo, Sheihantaur, the Mausoleum of Zangiata in Tashkent, the Bahauddin Complex in Bukhara, the Bayan-Quli Khan Mausoleum, Saif ed-Din Bokharzi Mausoleum, and many other Sufism-related monuments.

Accessibility of the country

Most travel involves entering and leaving Uzbekistan through Tashkent, the capital city of Uzbekistan. The city is serviced by an international airport, a domestic airport, two Vokzals (railway stations), and numerous bus stations. Tashkent is serviced by Uzbekistan Airways, Korean Air, airBaltic, Asiana Airlines, Turkish Airlines, Transaero, Aeroflot, Czech airlines, Iran air, air Astana, S7 airlines. Seven more airports have international status, these airports are Samarkand, Bukhara Urgench Namangan Airport, Andizhan Airport, Fergana Airport and Nukus Airport. Besides local flights and some regular international flights, almost exclusively to Russia, along with occasional tourist charters to Samarkand, Bukhara, Nukus and Urgench. The tickets for domestic flights can be reserved or purchased outside of the country at Uzbekistan Airways offices or agencies or via a number of online websites. Uzbekistan Airways transported more than 1.7 million passengers in 2005.

At the end of 2005, the Tashkent airport had put in operation a new arrival hall for local airlines, with the addition meeting modern requirements. Its technical equipment allows it to serve up to 600 passengers per day.

See also

References

  1. ^ Cekuta, Robert; Sha, Na (2019). "Tourism Development in Uzbekistan -- Challenges and Opportunities" (PDF). Caspian Policy Center. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  2. ^ kun.uz. "Around 7 million tourists visited Uzbekistan in 2023 – Tourism Committee". Kun.uz. Retrieved 2024-09-22.
  3. ^ "1 million local and foreign tourists visit Samarkand's Registan square". Tashkent Times. Retrieved 2024-09-22.
  4. ^ UNESCO World Heritage Convention. "States parties -- Uzbekistan". Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  5. ^ Jumayev, A. (2020-02-15). "Statistical Analyses of Tourism in Uzbekistan: An Empirical Test of Tourism A-B-C (T-ABC) Model". Bulletin of Science and Practice (in Russian). 6 (2): 193–202. doi:10.33619/2414-2948/51/19. S2CID 212788716.
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  7. ^ Government Portal of the Republic of Uzbekistan. "Tourism types". Retrieved 22 September 2024.
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  9. ^ kun.uz. "New departure hall opened at Tashkent International Airport – Photos". Kun.uz. Retrieved 2024-09-22.
  10. ^ Venkina, Ekaterina (1 Aug 2024). "Uzbekistan going all out to promote itself as a tourist destination". Eurasianet. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
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  12. ^ "XVIII. Tourist Flows". stat.uz. 2023-11-13. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
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  16. ^ "Распределение въехавших в Республику Узбекистан иностранных граждан по странам в 2017 году". stat.uz. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  17. ^ "Распределение по странам числа иностранных лиц, въехавших в Республику Узбекистан в 2016 году". stat.uz. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  18. ^ "Распределение въехавших в Республику Узбекистан иностранных граждан по странам в 2015 году". stat.uz. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  19. ^ "Распределение по странам числа иностранных лиц, въехавших в Республику Узбекистан в 2014 году". stat.uz. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
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  21. ^ "Shah-i-Zinda". 30 April 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  22. ^ "2750th anniversary celebrations of Samarkand held". 27 August 2007. Retrieved 12 January 2023.