Timeline of Braunschweig

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Braunschweig (Brunswick), Germany.

Part of a series on the
History of Germany
Topics
Early history
Middle Ages
Early Modern period
Unification
German Reich
German Empire1871–1918
World War I1914–1918
Weimar Republic1918–1933
Nazi Germany1933–1945
World War II1939–1945
Contemporary Germany
1945–1949/1952
Expulsion of Germans1944–1950
1949–1990
1990
Modern historysince 1990

Prior to 19th century

  • 861 - According to legend, Braunschweig founded by Bruno of Saxony.[1]
  • 955 - Area of city expanded.[2]
  • 1031 - St. Magni (Braunschweig) church consecrated.[1]
  • 1145 - Riddagshausen Abbey founded.
  • 1160s - Henry the Lion makes Braunschweig his residence.
  • 1166 - Brunswick Lion statue created.[3]
  • 1175
  • 1188 - Gospels of Henry the Lion created.
  • 1190s - St. Martini (Braunschweig) church construction begins.[1]
  • 1194 - Brunswick Cathedral built.[1]
  • 1194 - 6 August: Henry the Lion dies.
  • 1200s
    • St. Katharinen (Braunschweig) church construction begins.
    • Braunschweig joins the Hanseatic League.[4]
    • Schoduvel (carnival) is celebrated.[5]
  • 1245 - Großes Waisenhaus BMV (nursing home and orphanage) established.
  • 1293–94 - Schicht der Gildemeister (civil unrest)
  • 1304 - Bartholomäuskapelle (Braunschweig) on Schützenstraße (Braunschweig) first mentioned.
  • 1307 - Gewandhaus (Braunschweig) guildhall/exchange first mentioned.
  • 1312 - Rüningen gristmill first mentioned.
  • 1370s - Große Schicht (civil unrest)
  • 1390
  • 1396 - Altstadtrathaus (Braunschweig) (city hall) building expanded.[7]
  • 1408 - Altstadtmarktbrunnen (fountain) installed in the Altstadtmarkt (Braunschweig).[7]
  • 1410s
    • Liberei (library) built.
    • Braunschweiger Pfaffenkrieg (conflict between city council and churches)
  • 1411 - Faule Mette cannon created.
  • 1415 - Martino-Katharineum Braunschweig secondary school established.
  • 1420 - St. Andreas (Braunschweig) church built (approximate date).[1]
  • 1432 - The Princes of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel move their Residenz from Braunschweig to Wolfenbüttel.[8]
  • 1434 - Aegidienkirche (church) built (approximate date).[1]
  • 1445–46 - Schicht der „ungehorsamen Bürger“ (civil unrest)
  • 1451 - Brüdernkirche (Braunschweig) (church) built.[1]
  • 1487–89 - Ludeke Hollants Schicht (civil unrest)
  • 1498 - Braunschweiger Messe (fair) established.[3]
  • 1509 - Printing press in operation.[9]
  • 1520s - Protestant Reformation in Braunschweig.
  • 1524 - Huneborstelsches Haus built.[3]
  • 1531–32 - Braunschweig joins Schmalkaldic League.
  • 1534 - Alte Waage (Braunschweig) built.
  • 1551 - Population: 16,192.
  • 1567 - Haus zur Hanse built.
  • 1573 - Veltheimsches Haus built on the Burgplatz (Braunschweig).[3]
  • 1627 - Hofbrauhaus Wolters (brewery) established.
  • 1643 - Ehemaliges Rüninger Zollhaus (customs house) built.[3]
  • 1663 - Trial and execution of Anna Roleffes.
  • 1671 - Siege of Braunschweig by Rudolph Augustus, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
  • 1690 - Opernhaus am Hagenmarkt (opera house and theatre) opens.[3]
  • 1745
  • 1753 - Brunswick Palace established as the new ducal residence.[7]
  • 1754 - Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum and State Natural History Museum open.[1]
  • 1761 - First Battle of Ölper
  • 1768 - Birth of Caroline of Brunswick future wife of George IV.
  • 1769 - Schloss Richmond (castle) built.
  • 1772 - 13 March: Premiere of Lessing's play Emilia Galotti.
  • 1773 - Population: 23,385.
  • 1790s - Braunschweig fortifications dismantled (approximate date).[1]
  • 1791 - Lange Brücke (Braunschweig) (bridge) rebuilt.
  • 1799 - Friedrich Vieweg (publisher) moves to Braunschweig.

19th century

20th century

1900–1945

1946–1999

21st century

  • 2001 - Happy Rizzi House built in the Ackerhof.
  • 2006 - 6 December: Synagoge (Braunschweig) opens.
  • 2007 - 6 May: Rebuilt Brunswick Palace opens.
  • 2010 - RegioStadtBahn Braunschweig light rail project cancelled.
  • 2013 - Population: 247,227.
  • 2014 - Ulrich Markurth becomes mayor.

Images

  • Braunschweig on the Ebstorf Map, circa 1300
  • City Hall and fountain, installed 1408 (photo circa 1865)
  • Braunschweig in 1492
  • Braunschweig in the 16th century, from the Civitates orbis terrarum by Georg Braun and Frans Hogenberg.
  • Braunschweig in 1550.
  • Braunschweig in 1610.
  • Programme for premiere of Goethe's Faust, 1829
  • Brunswick Palace set on fire, 7 September 1830
  • Altstadtmarkt in 1834, by Domenico Quaglio the Younger.
  • Fair in 1840.
  • Kohlmarkt in 1894.
  • Braunschweig around 1900.
  • Braunschweig on the night of 15 October 1944
  • Braunschweig in 2011.

See also

Other cities in the state of Lower Saxony:(de)

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Britannica 1910.
  2. ^ Overall 1870.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Stadtgeschichte: Stadtchronik Braunschweig" [City History: Chronology of Braunschweig] (in German). Stadt Braunschweig. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  4. ^ Moderhack, Richard (1997). Braunschweiger Stadtgeschichte (in German). Braunschweig: Wagner. pp. 50–52. ISBN 3-87884-050-0.
  5. ^ Søndergaard, Leif. "Carnival is Festival: Dances as Entertainment". Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  6. ^ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
  7. ^ a b c Baedeker 1910.
  8. ^ Moderhack 1997, pp. 60–69
  9. ^ Henri Bouchot [in French] (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co.
  10. ^ Gerhard Schildt: Von der Restauration zur Reichsgründungszeit, in Horst-Rüdiger Jarck / Gerhard Schildt (eds.), Die Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Jahrtausendrückblick einer Region, Braunschweig 2000, pp. 753–766
  11. ^ E. Oppermann (1911): Landeskunde des Herzogtums Braunschweig. Geschichte und Geographie. Braunschweig: E. Appelhans, p. 64.
  12. ^ Neubauer, Jürgen / Salewsky, Dieter (1988): 150 Jahre 1. Deutsche Staatseisenbahn Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel. Braunschweig: Joh. Heinr. Meyer Verlag. ISBN 3-926701-05-6.
  13. ^ "Germany". International Banking Directory. New York: Bankers Publishing Company. 1922. hdl:2027/hvd.hb1sji.
  14. ^ "Stadtarchiv: Geschichte des Archivs" (in German). Stadt Braunschweig. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  15. ^ "Germany: States of Germany: Brunswick". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1873. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590360.
  16. ^ Ciarán Fahey (19 June 2014). "Fußball: The History of a German Obsession". Societäts-Medien. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  17. ^ "Germany: States of Germany: Brunswick". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1883. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590410.
  18. ^ "German Empire: States of Germany: Brunswick". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1890. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590527.
  19. ^ "German Empire". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1894. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590535.
  20. ^ "German Empire". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1899. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.
  21. ^ Henning Steinführer, Gerd Biegel (eds.): 1913 – Braunschweig zwischen Monarchie und Moderne. Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2015, ISBN 978-3-944939-12-4.
  22. ^ Moderhack 1997, pp. 193–194
  23. ^ Rother 1990, pp. 27–30
  24. ^ Rother 1990, pp. 67–72
  25. ^ Hans-Ulrich Ludewig (2000): Der Erste Weltkrieg und die Revolution (1914–1918/19), in: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck / Gerhard Schildt (eds.), Die Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Jahrtausendrückblick einer Region, Braunschweig 2000, pp. 935–943
  26. ^ "Germany". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
  27. ^ Rother 1990, p. 244
  28. ^ "Braunschweiger Schloss / SS-Junkerschule". Vernetztes-gedaechtnis.de. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  29. ^ "Akademie für Jugendführung". Vernetztes-gedaechtnis.de. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  30. ^ a b Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 269. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
  31. ^ "Entbindungsheim für Ostarbeiterinnen". Vernetztes-gedaechtnis.de. Retrieved 12 July 2015.
  32. ^ a b "Braunschweig (Troop Supply Camp)". KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  33. ^ a b "Braunschweig (Büssing-NAG)". KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  34. ^ a b "Braunschweig-Vechelde". KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  35. ^ a b "Braunschweig (SS Riding School)". KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  36. ^ Braunschweig-Weststadt - größtes Wohnbauprojekt in unserer Region (in German). Retrieved on 3 September 2017.
  37. ^ "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

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in German

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