Squalius carolitertii
| Northern Iberian chub | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Leuciscidae |
| Subfamily: | Leuciscinae |
| Genus: | Squalius |
| Species: | S. carolitertii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Squalius carolitertii (Doadrio, 1988)
| |
| Range of the Northern Iberian chub | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Leuciscus carolitertii Doadrio, 1988 | |
Squalius carolitertii, the Northern Iberian chub,[2] is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. It is found in Portugal and Spain, and known there as the bordallo, escalo or gallego.[3]
Its natural habitats are rivers and intermittent rivers. It is considered Near Threatened by the IUCN.[1]
Taxonomy
Squalius carolitertii was first formally described as Leuciscus carolitertii in 1988 by the Spanish ichthyologist Ignacio Doadrio Villarejo with its type locality given as the Cega River, Rebollo, Segovia in Spain at an elevation of 900 m (3,000 ft).[4] This species is now classified in the genus Squalius, commonly referred to as chubs, which belongs to the subfamily Leuciscinae of the family Leuciscidae.[5]
Etymology
Squalius carolitertii belongs to the genus Squalius, this name was proposed by the French bioogist Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1837 for a subgenus of the genus Leuciscus for the Italian chub (Squalius cephalus), inserting and additional "i" to prevent homonymy with the spurdog genus Squalus. In classical Latin the chub and the spurdog were homonyms as squalus. An alternative explanation was that the name is a latinisation of squaglio, a vernacular name for the Italian chub in Rome and its environs. The specific name, carolitertii, is a latinisation of Carlos III, the King of Spain who founded the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales in Madrid, where Doadrio worked and the holotype was deposited.[6]
Distribution
Squalius carolitertii is a small endemic leusciscid inhabiting the rivers of the Iberian Peninsula across a large area, including the Douro, Mondego, Lima, Minho, and Lérez basins.[7] Recently several researchers have reported this species for the first time from the upper reaches of the Alberche River (a tributary of the Tagus basin in central Spain) and in the Oitavén River (a tributary of the Verdugo River in northwestern Spain).[8]
Diet
S. carolitertii is an omnivorous fish feeding predominantly on aquatic invertebrates, being nymphs of Baetis spp. The most abundant prey, although detritus, is an important food item.[9] Moreover, in S. carolitertii, as in many other fish species, there is normally a change in the diet composition during the life of the fish, and these age-related diet shifts occur at three different levels: (1) frequency of occurrence of detritus decreases with fish age; (2) prey selection varies with fish age; and (3) mean prey size increases as fish size increased.[10]
References
- ^ a b Ford, M. (2024). "Squalius carolitertii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024: e.T61261A137329931. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T61261A137329931.en. Retrieved 2 February 2025.
- ^ Leunda, P. M.; Elvira, B.; Ribeiro, F.; et al. (2009). "International standardization of Common Names for Iberian Endemic Freshwater Fishes" (PDF). Limnetica. 28 (2): 189–202. doi:10.23818/limn.28.15.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Squalius carolitertii". FishBase. February 2025 version.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Squalius". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 20 April 2025.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Leuciscinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 20 April 2025.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf (8 April 2024). "Family LEUCISCIDAE: Subfamily LEUCISCINAE Bonaparte 1835 (European Minnows)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 20 April 2025.
- ^ Doadrio I., ed. (2001). Atlas y libro rojo de los peces continentales de España. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid.
- ^ Perea S.; Garzón P.; González J.L.; Almada V.C.; Pereira A.; Doadrio I. (2011). "New distribution data on Spanish autochthonous species of freshwater fish". Graellsia. 67 (1): 91–102.
- ^ Sánchez-Hernández J. & Cobo F. (2011). "Summer food resource partitioning between four sympatric fish species in Central Spain (River Tormes)". Folia Zoologica. 60 (3): 189–202.
- ^ Sánchez-Hernández J. & Cobo F. (2012). "Ontogenetic dietary shifts and food selection of endemic Squalius carolitertii (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in River Tormes, Central Spain, in summer". Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria. 42 (2): 101–111.
Further reading
"Reading the history of a hybrid fish complex from its molecular record". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 45 (3): 981–996. December 2007. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.05.011. hdl:10400.12/1432.</ref>