Portal:Tornadoes
The Tornadoes Portal
Tornadoes are violently rotating columns of air that are in contact with the Earth and either a cumulonimbus or a cumulus cloud. Tornadoes are often referred to as twisters, whirlwinds, or cyclones. While most tornadoes attain winds of less than 110 miles per hour (180 km/h), are about 250 feet (80 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers), the wind speeds in the most intense tornadoes can reach 300 miles per hour (480 km/h), are more than two miles (3 km) in diameter, and stay on the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100 km). Various types of tornadoes include the multiple vortex tornado, landspout, and waterspout. Other tornado-like phenomena that exist in nature include the gustnado, dust devil, fire whirl, and steam devil. Most tornadoes occur in North America (in the United States and Canada), concentrated in a region nicknamed the Tornado Alley. Tornadoes also occur in South America, South Africa, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.
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The tornado outbreak of November 30 – December 2, 2018 was a late-season tornado outbreak that occurred across portions of the West South Central states and Midwestern United States. As a potent shortwave trough moved across the southern portions of the country, it was met with ample moisture return and destabilization, resulting in widespread severe thunderstorms that produced damaging winds, hail, and tornadoes. The event began late on November 30 in Oklahoma, spreading east and resulting in one fatality in Aurora, Missouri. Several tornadic supercells moved across portions of Illinois on December 1, and resulted in 29 confirmed tornadoes. This outbreak was the largest December tornado event on record in Illinois history, surpassing the December 1957 tornado outbreak sequence. The most significant tornado of the event was an EF3 that impacted Taylorville, Illinois, damaging or destroying hundreds of structures and injuring 22 people. (Full article...)
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This is a list of all tornadoes that were confirmed by local offices of the National Weather Service in the United States in May 2009. (Full article...)
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- Note: An EF2 tornado from Canada crossed into the United States, where that portion of the track was rated EF1. (Full article...)
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2025 tornado activity
A multi-day period of significant tornado activity along with significant derechos occurred across the Midwestern United States and the Mississippi Valley as well as an additional tornado in the Canadian province of Quebec. From May 19–27, 2024, two derechos occurred and tornadoes were reported across large portions of the Central United States, with multiple particularly dangerous situation (PDS) watches issued across the sequence. On May 19, strong tornadoes occurred with isolated supercells in Colorado and Oklahoma while a derecho produced widespread wind damage and weak tornadoes across Kansas into the early morning of May 20. Limited tornadic activity took place on May 20, but another outbreak along with widespread damage struck mainly Iowa and Wisconsin on May 21. Five fatalities were confirmed with a large, violent, long-tracked EF4 tornado that went through Greenfield, Iowa. Scattered to widespread severe weather and tornadoes occurred over the next two days, including an EF2 tornado that injured 30 people on the west side of Temple, Texas. Another derecho formed in southwestern Nebraska late on May 23 and moved eastward, producing widespread wind damage and weak tornadoes through Nebraska and Iowa and northwestern Illinois before withering away in the northern part of the state during the morning of May 24.
A nocturnal outbreak occurred during the overnight hours of May 25 into May 26. An isolated supercell in northern Texas produced multiple tornadoes, including a low-end EF3 tornado that passed near Valley View, Texas, killing seven people. Another longer-lived supercell moved through northeastern Oklahoma and across northern Arkansas, producing several tornadoes along with straight-line winds of 100 mph (160 km/h). Two fatalities were confirmed from an EF3 tornado that struck Claremore, Oklahoma along with areas near Pryor. Later, it produced a very large EF3 tornado near Decatur, Arkansas, which became the largest tornado ever recorded in Arkansas. Another EF3 tornado killed four people near Olvey and Pyatt while an additional tornadic death occurred with yet another EF3 tornado that passed near Yellville and through Briarcliff. Another supercell in southern Missouri produced a low-end EF3 tornado that passed near Morehouse and through Sikeston, killing two people indirectly. May 26 would be the most active day of severe weather; several rounds of squall lines and tornadic supercells moved through the Mid-Mississippi and the Ohio Valleys, producing widespread wind damage, large hail, and tornadoes. This included a very destructive, intense high-end EF3 tornado that prompted the issuance of four tornado emergencies across areas that had been previously impacted by the 2021 Western Kentucky tornado. One person was killed by this tornado. Severe weather activity became more isolated and scattered on May 27, marking the end of the outbreak sequence.
In all, 248 tornadoes occurred during the outbreak sequence; 20 (+1 indirect) people were killed by tornadoes while 10 other people died due to non-tornadic events as well. Over 240 people were injured. (Full article...)
Tornado anniversaries
July 8
- 1680 – The earliest event in North America confirmed to be a tornado struck Cambridge, Massachusetts, snapping trees, unroofing a barn, and killing one person.
- 2015 – An F4 tornado struck Dolo and Mira in Veneto, Italy, killing one person and injuring 72. About 500 structures were damaged or destroyed. The tornado destroyed masonry structures, including a 17th-century hotel.
July 9
- 1938 – An F4 tornado destroyed 17 buildings, including 7 homes and a church, in Andover, South Dakota, killing 17 people and injuring 18. Another F4 tornado leveled three farms (which at least one completely swept away) near White, South Dakota.
- 2018 – An EF2 tornado moved through a trailer park on the south side of Watford City, North Dakota, destroying 122 trailers, RVs, and other structures. A newborn infant was killed and 28 other people were injured.
July 10
- 1968 – An F4 tornado (rated T8 on the TORRO scale) hit Pforzheim, Germany, damaging more than 2300 structures, several of which were completely destroyed, and destroying 126 hectares (310 acres) of forest. Two people died and 200 others were injured as a direct result of the tornado, and another died in an accident during repair work. An F3 (T7) tornado injured three people in Uberach, France.
- 1989 – A tornado outbreak brought strong tornadoes to parts of New York and New England. An F4 tornado devastated parts of Hamden and New Haven, Connecticut, destroying 350 homes and 40 businesses and injuring 40 people. Damage totaled $100 million, equivalent to $214 million in 2023. Another F4 injured 20 people in or near Carlisle, New York. An F2 tornado severely damaged homes and destroyed warehouses in Watertown, Oakville, and Waterbury, Connecticut, injuring 70 people.
Did you know…
- ...that the 2013 Moore tornado that struck Moore and Newcastle, Oklahoma, is the most recent EF5 tornado as of July 2025?
- ...that the 2021 South Moravia tornado, an IF4 tornado with winds between 207–260 mph (333–418 km/h), was the strongest tornado to hit the Czech Republic in modern history?
- ...that five of the six people killed in the 2011 Cullman–Arab tornado were members of the same family?
- ...that Picher, Oklahoma, was hit so hard by a tornado in 2008 that it would become a ghost town in 2015?
- ...that the 2022 Andover tornado injured only three people, despite damaging more than 1,000 buildings?
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The scope of WikiProject Severe weather is to write articles about severe weather, namely thunderstorms and tornadoes. Their talk page is located here.
WikiProject Weather is the main hub for all articles that are weather-related. WikiProject Weather strives to improve articles in a variety of weather topics, including Tropical Cyclones, Severe Weather, General meteorology, Non-tropical Storms, Climate, Floods, Droughts and wildfires, Meteorological instruments and data, Meteorological Biographies, and Space Weather. If you would like to help, please visit the project talk page.
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