Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to the east, and the disputed territory of Western Sahara to the south. Morocco also claims the Spanish exclaves of Ceuta, Melilla and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, and several small Spanish-controlled islands off its coast. It has a population of approximately 37 million. Islam is both the official and predominant religion, while Arabic and Berber are the official languages. Additionally, French and the Moroccan dialect of Arabic are widely spoken. The culture of Morocco is a mix of Arab, Berber, African and European cultures. Its capital is Rabat, while its largest city is Casablanca.
The region constituting Morocco has been inhabited since the Paleolithic era over 300,000 years ago. The Idrisid dynasty was established by Idris I in 788, and Morocco was subsequently ruled by a series of other independent dynasties, reaching its zenith as a regional power in the 11th and 12th centuries, under the Almoravid and Almohad dynasties, when it controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula and the Maghreb. Centuries of Arab migration to the Maghreb since the 7th century shifted the demographic scope of the region. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Morocco faced external threats to its sovereignty, with Portugal seizing some territory and the Ottoman Empire encroaching from the east. The Marinid and Saadi dynasties otherwise resisted foreign domination, and Morocco was the only North African nation to escape Ottoman dominion. The 'Alawi dynasty, which rules the country to this day, seized power in 1631, and over the next two centuries expanded diplomatic and commercial relations with the Western world. Morocco's strategic location near the mouth of the Mediterranean drew renewed European interest. In 1912, France and Spain divided the country into respective protectorates, reserving an international zone in Tangier. Following intermittent riots and revolts against colonial rule, in 1956, Morocco regained its independence and reunified.
Since independence, Morocco has remained relatively stable. It has the fifth-largest economy in Africa and wields significant influence in both Africa and the Arab world; it is considered a middle power in global affairs and holds membership in the Arab League, the Arab Maghreb Union, the Union for the Mediterranean, and the African Union. Morocco is a unitary semi-constitutional monarchy with an elected parliament. The executive branch is led by the King of Morocco and the prime minister, while legislative power is vested in the two chambers of parliament: the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors. Judicial power rests with the Constitutional Court, which may review the validity of laws, elections, and referendums. The king holds vast executive and legislative powers, especially over the military, foreign policy and religious affairs; he can issue dahirs, decrees which have the force of law, and he can also dissolve the parliament after consulting the prime minister and the president of the constitutional court.
Morocco claims ownership of the non-self-governing territory of Western Sahara, which it has designated its Southern Provinces. In 1975, after Spain agreed to decolonise the territory and cede its control to Morocco and Mauritania, a guerrilla war broke out between those powers and some of the local inhabitants. In 1979, Mauritania relinquished its claim to the area, but the war continued to rage. In 1991, a ceasefire agreement was reached, but the issue of sovereignty remained unresolved. Today, Morocco occupies two-thirds of the territory, and efforts to resolve the dispute have thus far failed to break the political deadlock. (Full article...)
Selected article -
Moha ou Said El Wirrawi (Central Atlas Tamazight: Muḥa u Sεid u-Wirraw; died 5 March 1924) was a Moroccan tribal leader who opposed French rule of the protectorate of Morocco. He formerly served as a caïd of the Moroccan sultans and fought for Sultan Abdelaziz against Bou Hmara in 1905. After the Treaty of Fes and the start of the French protectorate he opposed the French through military action. He participated in several battles with French forces in the Zaian War but was eventually forced into the High Atlas mountains where he died in action in 1924. His followers continued to resist the French over the next ten years. (Full article...)
The following are images from various Morocco-related articles on Wikipedia.
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Image 1Hirak Rif protests (from History of Morocco)
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Image 2Uprisings in Casablanca in July 1907 over the application terms of the Treaty of Algeciras led to the Bombardment of Casablanca. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 3The ancient harbor at the Bou Regreg, taken from Salé facing Rabat (from History of Morocco)
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Image 4A Berber musician wearing two large triangular brooches in southern Morocco (early 20th century photo) (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 5Taburida, a traditional Arab exhibition of horsemanship performed during festivals (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 6Almohads after 1212 (from History of Morocco)
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Image 7The Almoravid Qubba, built by the Almoravids in the 12th century. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 8Moroccan fly mask embroidery (from History of Morocco)
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Image 9Ouds in a shop in Marrakesh (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 11The Almoravid empire at its height stretched from the city of Aoudaghost to the Zaragoza in Al-Andalus (from History of Morocco)
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Image 12Status quo in Western Sahara since 1991 cease-fire: most under Moroccan control ( Southern Provinces), with inner Polisario-controlled areas forming the Sahrawi Arab Republic. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 13Idrisid state, around 820 CE, showing its maximal extent. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 14Roman remains of Volubilis (from History of Morocco)
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Image 15A group performing Gnawa in Zagora, southeastern Morocco (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 16The Id Aissa Agadir near Amtoudi in the Anti-Atlas region (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 17Sultan Abd-al-Aziz with his bicycle in 1901. The young sultan was noted for his capricious spending habits, which exacerbated a major trade deficit. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 18Idrisid dirham, minted at al-'Aliyah ( Fes), Morocco, 840 CE. The coin features the name of Ali: a son-in-law of Muhammad, the fourth Caliph, and an ancestor of the Idrisids.
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Image 19Roman coins excavated in Essaouira, 3rd century. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 20The Almohad empire at its greatest extent, c. 1180–1212 (from History of Morocco)
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Image 21Portrait of his excellency Mohamed Ben Ali abgali with Al sulham, ambassador of the King of Morocco to the court of Saint James. August 1725. (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 22Couscous is traditionally enjoyed on Friday, the holy day in Islam. Garnished with vegetables and chickpeas, it is served communally. (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 23A cannon from the republican era in Salé (from History of Morocco)
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Image 25The Maghreb in the second half of the 19th century (from History of Morocco)
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Image 26The city of Aït Benhaddou photographed in the evening (from History of Morocco)
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Image 27A folio of an 18th-century Moroccan Quran, with a characteristically Maghrebi script used to write surahs 105–114 (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 28Destruction after the Intifada of Fes was quelled by French artillery fire. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 29A Gnawa street performer wearing traditional Gnawi clothing in Rabat's Qasbat al-Widaya (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 30Map of the Wattasid sultanate (dark red) and its vassal states (light red) (from History of Morocco)
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Image 31The Berber entrepot Sijilmassa along the trade routes of the Western Sahara, c. 1000–1500. Goldfields are indicated by light brown shading. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 32The Marinid Sultanate in 1360 (from History of Morocco)
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Image 33Present-day courtyard of the Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque in Fes, established by Fatima al-Fihri in the 9th century (from History of Morocco)
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Image 34Coin minted during the reign of Abu Yaqub Yusuf (from History of Morocco)
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Image 35The assassination of Émile Mauchamp March 1907, which precipitated the French invasion of Oujda and the conquest of Morocco. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 36The Almohads transferred the capital of Al-Andalus to Seville. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 37Al-Boraq, the first high speed rail service on the African continent. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 38Stucco decoration in the Saadian Tombs of Marrakesh (16th century) (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 39Festival Scene: a watercolor by Muhammad Ben Ali Rabati, one of Morocco's first painters (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 40Admiral Abdelkader Perez was sent by Ismail Ibn Sharif as an ambassador to England in 1723. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 41Jewish Wedding in Morocco by Eugène Delacroix, Louvre, Paris (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 42Destruction of Casablanca caused by the 1907 French bombardment. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 43The Manifesto of Independence presented by the Istiqlal Party on 11 January 1944 established Sultan Muhammad V as a symbol of the nationalist struggle. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 45King Hassan II, on his way to Friday prayers in Marrakesh, 1967. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 46Map depicting the staged French pacification of Morocco through to 1934 (from History of Morocco)
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Image 47Extent of the Saadian empire at the beginning of the 17th century (from History of Morocco)
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Image 48Lissan-ul-Maghreb, an early Moroccan newspaper. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 49Moroccan women wearing takshita (1939 photo) (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 50A Moroccan kaftan (from Culture of Morocco)
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Image 51French artillery in Rabat in 1911. The dispatch of French forces to protect the sultan from a rebellion instigated the Agadir Crisis. (from History of Morocco)
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Image 52A window displaying a wrought iron window grill in Asila. The knots are tied with bent metal in the traditional way, rather than soldered. (from Culture of Morocco)
Select [►] to view subcategories
Morocco Buildings and structures in Morocco Organizations based in Morocco
Religions in Morocco
Arab states
Other countries
WikiProject Morocco
WikiProject Africa
Good article -
This is a Good article, an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards.
The Bombardment of Salé was a French naval attack against the Moroccan city of Salé that took place between 26 and 27 November 1851. After seven hours of fighting, the Moroccan artillery suffered severe damage, and the French bombarded the city through the night, damaging the city's infrastructure and the Great Mosque of Salé.
The bombardment occurred outside any state of war, and regarded an incident from 1 April 1851 in which the residents of Salé looted a cache of goods which had been rescued from a capsized French merchant ship. The French requested repayment, the Moroccans did not respond. In late November, a French squadron sailed to the city to demand repayment, else they would bombard the city. The Moroccans did not acquiesce, and both sides prepared for battle. The French opened fire on the morning of 26 November. During seven hours of clashes, the Moroccan artillery of Salé supported by that of Rabat and led by the Abdelhadi Zniber suffered significant damage. The French squadron commanded by Rear Admiral Louis Dubourdieu bombarded the city until the next day, seriously damaging the city's infrastructure, including the Great Mosque which was seriously affected. (Full article...)
Rank
|
City
|
Population (2014 census)[1][2]
|
Region
|
1 |
Casablanca[a] |
3,359,818 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
2 |
Fez[b] |
1,112,072 |
Fès-Meknès
|
3 |
Tangier[c] |
947,952 |
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
|
4 |
Marrakesh[d] |
928,850 |
Marrakesh-Safi
|
5 |
Salé[e] |
890,403 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
6 |
Meknes[f] |
632,079 |
Fès-Meknès
|
7 |
Rabat[g] |
577,827 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
8 |
Oujda |
494,252 |
Oriental
|
9 |
Kenitra |
431,282 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
10 |
Agadir |
421,844 |
Souss-Massa
|
11 |
Tetouan |
380,787 |
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
|
12 |
Temara |
313,510 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
13 |
Safi |
308,508 |
Marrakesh-Safi
|
14 |
Mohammedia |
208,612 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
15 |
Khouribga |
196,196 |
Béni Mellal-Khénifra
|
16 |
El Jadida |
194,934 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
17 |
Beni Mellal |
192,676 |
Béni Mellal-Khénifra
|
18 |
Aït Melloul |
171,847 |
Souss-Massa
|
19 |
Nador |
161,726 |
Oriental
|
20 |
Dar Bouazza |
151,373 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
21 |
Taza |
148,456 |
Fès-Meknès
|
22 |
Settat |
142,250 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
23 |
Berrechid |
136,634 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
24 |
Khemisset |
131,542 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
25 |
Inezgane |
130,333 |
Souss-Massa
|
26 |
Ksar El Kebir |
126,617 |
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
|
27 |
Larache |
125,008 |
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
|
28 |
Guelmim |
118,318 |
Guelmim-Oued Noun
|
29 |
Khenifra |
117,510 |
Béni Mellal-Khénifra
|
30 |
Berkane |
109,237 |
Oriental
|
31 |
Taourirt |
103,398 |
Oriental
|
32 |
Bouskoura |
103,026 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
33 |
Fquih Ben Salah |
102,019 |
Béni Mellal-Khénifra
|
34 |
Dcheira El Jihadia |
100,336 |
Souss-Massa
|
35 |
Oued Zem |
95,267 |
Béni Mellal-Khénifra
|
36 |
El Kelaa Des Sraghna |
95,224 |
Marrakesh-Safi
|
37 |
Sidi Slimane |
92,989 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
38 |
Errachidia |
92,374 |
Drâa-Tafilalet
|
39 |
Guercif |
90,880 |
Oriental
|
40 |
Oulad Teima |
89,387 |
Souss-Massa
|
41 |
Ben Guerir |
88,626 |
Marrakesh-Safi
|
42 |
Tifelt |
86,709 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
43 |
Lqliaa |
83,235 |
Souss-Massa
|
44 |
Taroudant |
80,149 |
Souss-Massa
|
45 |
Sefrou |
79,887 |
Fès-Meknès
|
46 |
Essaouira |
77,966 |
Marrakesh-Safi
|
47 |
Fnideq |
77,436 |
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
|
48 |
Sidi Kacem |
75,672 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
49 |
Tiznit |
74,699 |
Souss-Massa
|
50 |
Tan-Tan |
73,209 |
Guelmim-Es Semara
|
51 |
Ouarzazate |
71,067 |
Drâa-Tafilalet
|
52 |
Souk El Arbaa |
69,265 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
53 |
Youssoufia |
67,628 |
Marrakesh-Safi
|
54 |
Lahraouyine |
64,821 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
55 |
Martil |
64,355 |
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
|
56 |
Ain Harrouda |
62,420 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
57 |
Suq as-Sabt Awlad an-Nama |
60,076 |
Béni Mellal-Khénifra
|
58 |
Skhirat |
59,775 |
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
|
59 |
Ouazzane |
59,606 |
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
|
60 |
Benslimane |
57,101 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
61 |
Al Hoceima |
56,716 |
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
|
62 |
Beni Ansar |
56,582 |
Oriental
|
63 |
M'diq |
56,227 |
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
|
64 |
Sidi Bennour |
55,815 |
Casablanca-Settat
|
65 |
Midelt |
55,304 |
Drâa-Tafilalet
|
66 |
Azrou |
54,350 |
Fès-Meknès
|
67 |
Drargua[h] |
50,946 |
Souss-Massa
|
|
---|
Subdivisions | |
---|
History and archaeology | |
---|
Economy | |
---|
Transport | |
---|
Roads and streets | |
---|
Education |
- Colleges and universities
- Primary and secondary schools
|
---|
Sports | |
---|
Landmarks | |
---|
People |
- See Category:People from Casablanca
|
---|
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- Muhammad Azam Nadwi (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Khaatir (talk · contribs · new pages (10)) started on 2025-07-06, score: 21
- List of Mizrahi Jewish surnames (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by ReyNimrod (talk · contribs · new pages (1)) started on 2025-07-06, score: 104
- Rania Boutiebi (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Schestos (talk · contribs · new pages (25)) started on 2025-07-06, score: 121
- Battle of Khenchela (1838) (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Wassim31dz (talk · contribs · new pages (1)) started on 2025-07-06, score: 31
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- Hind Hasnaoui (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Schestos (talk · contribs · new pages (25)) started on 2025-07-06, score: 152
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- Moroccan Figure Skating Championships (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Bgsu98 (talk · contribs · new pages (14)) started on 2025-07-05, score: 44
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- ^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Casablanca as 3,359,818,[1] which corresponds to the population of Casablanca Prefecture.[2]
- ^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Fez as 1,112,072,[1] which corresponds to the combined population of those parts of Fez Prefecture not within the cercle of Fez Banlieue ("suburbs").[2]
- ^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Tangier as 947,952,[1] which corresponds to the combined population of the four arrondissements of Bni Makada, Charf-Mghogha, Charf-Souani and Tanger-Médina.[2]
- ^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Marrakesh as 928,850,[1] which corresponds to the combined population of the municipality of Méchouar-Kasba and the five arrondissements of Annakhil, Gueliz, Marrakech-Médina, Ménara and Sidi Youssef Ben Ali.[2]
- ^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Salé as 890,403,[1] which corresponds to the combined population of the five arrondissements of Bab Lamrissa, Bettana, Hssaine, Layayda and Tabriquet.[2]
- ^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Meknes as 632,079,[1] which corresponds to the combined population of the municipalities of Meknes, Al Machouar – Stinia, Toulal and Ouislane.[2]
- ^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Rabat as 577,827,[1] which corresponds to the population of Rabat Prefecture.[2]
- ^ The population figure refers only to the urban centre (HCP geographic code 09.001.05.09.3) of the rural commune of Drargua.
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