Portal:Colombia

The Colombia Portal

Republic of Colombia
República de Colombia  (Spanish)
Location of Colombia (dark green)

in South America (grey)

CapitalBogotá
4°35′N 74°4′W / 4.583°N 74.067°W / 4.583; -74.067
ISO 3166 codeCO

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Peru and Ecuador to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest. Colombia is divided into 32 departments. The Capital District of Bogotá is also the country's largest city hosting the main financial and cultural hub. Other major urban areas include Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Ibagué, Villavicencio and Bucaramanga. It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers (440,831 sq mi) and has a population of around 52 million. Its rich cultural heritage—including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a colony, fusing cultural elements brought by immigration from Europe and the Middle East, with those brought by the African diaspora, as well as with those of the various Indigenous civilizations that predate colonization. Spanish is the official language, although Creole, English and 64 other languages are recognized regionally.

Colombia has been home to many indigenous peoples and cultures since at least 12,000 BCE. The Spanish first landed in La Guajira in 1499, and by the mid-16th century, they had colonized much of present-day Colombia, and established the New Kingdom of Granada, with Santa Fe de Bogotá as its capital. Independence from the Spanish Empire is considered to have been declared in 1810, with what is now Colombia emerging as the United Provinces of New Granada. After a brief Spanish reconquest, Colombian independence was secured and the period of Gran Colombia began in 1819. The new polity experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation (1858) and then the United States of Colombia (1863), before becoming a centralised republic—the current Republic of Colombia—in 1886. With the backing of the United States and France, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903, resulting in Colombia's present borders. Beginning in the 1960s, the country has suffered from an asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict and political violence, both of which escalated in the 1990s. Since 2005, there has been significant improvement in security, stability, and rule of law, as well as unprecedented economic growth and development. Colombia is recognized for its healthcare system, being the best healthcare in Latin America according to the World Health Organization and 22nd in the world. Its diversified economy is the third-largest in South America, with macroeconomic stability and favorable long-term growth prospects.

Colombia is one of the world's seventeen megadiverse countries; it has the highest level of biodiversity per square mile in the world and the second-highest level overall. Its territory encompasses Amazon rainforest, highlands, grasslands and deserts. It is the only country in South America with coastlines (and islands) along both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Colombia is a key member of major global and regional organizations including the UN, the WTO, the OECD, the OAS, the Pacific Alliance and the Andean Community; it is also a NATO Global Partner and a major non-NATO ally of the United States. (Full article...)

Selected article -

View of Valledupar in the basin

The Cesar-Ranchería Basin (Spanish: Cuenca Cesar-Ranchería) is a sedimentary basin in northeastern Colombia. It is located in the southern part of the department of La Guajira and northeastern portion of Cesar. The basin is bound by the Oca Fault in the northeast and the Bucaramanga-Santa Marta Fault in the west. The mountain ranges Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and the Serranía del Perijá enclose the narrow triangular intermontane basin, that covers an area of 11,668 square kilometres (4,505 sq mi). The Cesar and Ranchería Rivers flow through the basin, bearing their names.

The basin is of importance for hosting the worldwide tenth biggest and largest coal mine of Latin America, Cerrejón. The coals are mined from the Paleocene Cerrejón Formation, that also has provided several important paleontological finds, among others Titanoboa cerrejonensis, with an estimated length of 14 metres (46 ft) and a weight of 1,135 kilograms (2,502 lb), the biggest snake discovered to date, the giant crocodylians Cerrejonisuchus improcerus, Anthracosuchus balrogus and Acherontisuchus guajiraensis, and the large turtles Carbonemys cofrinii, Puentemys mushaisaensis and Cerrejonemys wayuunaiki. Various genera of flora, as Aerofructus dillhoffi, Menispermites cerrejonensis, M. guajiraensis, Montrichardia aquatica, Petrocardium cerrejonense and P. wayuuorum, Stephania palaeosudamericana and Ulmoidicarpum tupperi among others, have been found in the Cerrejón Formation, the sediments of which are interpreted as representing the first Neotropic forest in the world. Mean annual temperature has been estimated to have been between 28.5 and 33 °C (83.3 and 91.4 °F) and yearly precipitation ranging from 2,260 to 4,640 millimetres (89 to 183 in) per year. (Full article...)

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Categories

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Colombia
Colombia-related lists
Buildings and structures in Colombia
Culture of Colombia
Economy of Colombia
Education in Colombia
Geography of Colombia
Government of Colombia
Health in Colombia
History of Colombia
Organisations based in Colombia
Colombian people
Politics of Colombia
Society of Colombia
Colombia stubs

Selected biography -

Manuel de Trujillo y Torres (November 1762 – July 15, 1822) was a Colombian publicist and diplomat. He is best known for being received as the first ambassador of Colombia by U.S. President James Monroe on June 19, 1822. This act represented the first U.S. recognition of a former Spanish colony's independence.

Born in Spain, he lived as a young adult in the colony of New Granada (present-day Colombia). After being implicated in a conspiracy against the monarchy he fled in 1794, arriving in the United States in 1796. From Philadelphia he spent the rest of his life advocating for independence of the Spanish colonies in the Americas. Working closely with newspaper editor William Duane he produced English- and Spanish-language articles, pamphlets and books. (Full article...)

Did you know (auto-generated)

  • ... that Puerto Rican singer Young Miko composed "Classy 101" in Los Angeles and had never met Colombian singer Feid before he recorded the song with her?
  • ... that in local Afro-Colombian and Catholic tradition, residents of Guapi sing and dance while sailing the Virgin Mary down their coconut-candlelit river to church every Christmas Eve?
  • ... that as part of illegal wildlife trading, Oophaga solanensis frogs are bought for US$3 in their native Colombia and sold for up to US$1,000 overseas?
  • ... that people of the Zenú culture built canals in the La Mojana wetland area of Colombia long before Spanish arrival?
  • ... that none of the actors in Poppy Garden, a film depicting a father and son's struggle for survival during the Colombian conflict, had previously acted in a film?
  • ... that Ana María Ochoa was born in Colombia, studied in British Columbia, and taught at Columbia?

General images

The following are images from various Colombia-related articles on Wikipedia.

Selected picture

Largest cities

 
 
Largest cities or towns in Colombia
According to the 2018 Census[2]
Rank Name Department Pop. Rank Name Department Pop.
1 Bogotá Distrito Capital 7,387,400 11 Ibagué Tolima 492,554
2 Medellín Antioquia 2,382,399 12 Villavicencio Meta 492,052
3 Cali Valle del Cauca 2,172,527 13 Santa Marta Magdalena 455,299
4 Barranquilla Atlántico 1,205,284 14 Valledupar Cesar 431,794
5 Cartagena Bolívar 876,885 15 Manizales Caldas 405,234
6 Cúcuta Norte de Santander 685,445 16 Montería Córdoba 388,499
7 Soacha Cundinamarca 655,025 17 Pereira Risaralda 385,838
8 Soledad Atlántico 602,644 18 Neiva Huila 335,994
9 Bucaramanga Santander 570,752 19 Pasto Nariño 308,095
10 Bello Antioquia 495,483 20 Armenia Quindío 287,245
  1. ^ "ARC" stands for "Armada Nacional de la República de Colombia."
  2. ^ "Largest cities" (PDF). Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadistica (DANE). Retrieved 10 February 2020.

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Wikiprojects

WikiProject Colombia WikiProject Colombian Departments

Things you can do

If you are interested in helping with this portal, please join WikiProject Colombia or one of its child projects:

  • WikiProject Colombian Departments
Article requests

History (High priority)

  • Pact of Benidorm (1956)
  • Chiquita papers [1]
  • Various events and aspects of the Colombian War of Independence are red linked on this template: Template:Campaignbox Colombian War of Independence
  • Various events and aspects of the Colombian conflict are red linked on this template:Template:Campaignbox Colombian conflict
  • Lleras printing press

Events

Years in

1957-1984
  • 1957 in Colombia
  • 1958 in Colombia
  • 1959 in Colombia
  • 1960 in Colombia
  • 1961 in Colombia
  • 1962 in Colombia
  • 1963 in Colombia
  • 1964 in Colombia
  • 1965 in Colombia
  • 1966 in Colombia
  • 1967 in Colombia
  • 1968 in Colombia
  • 1969 in Colombia
  • 1970 in Colombia
  • 1971 in Colombia
  • 1972 in Colombia
  • 1973 in Colombia
  • 1974 in Colombia
  • 1975 in Colombia
  • 1976 in Colombia
  • 1977 in Colombia
  • 1978 in Colombia
  • 1979 in Colombia
  • 1980 in Colombia
  • 1981 in Colombia
  • 1982 in Colombia
  • 1983 in Colombia
  • 1984 in Colombia

Society

  • Social structure of Colombia - Colombian middle class - Colombian upper class - Colombian working class - Colombian lower class
  • Administradora de riesgos profesionales
  • Corabastos large wet market in Bogotá
  • Plaza de Mercado Paloquemao or Paloquemao Fruit Market in Bogotá [6]
  • India Catalina Awards held since 1984 within the Cartagena Film Festival
  • Inequality in Colombia
  • Marriage in Colombia
  • Irreligion in Colombia
  • Danza del pilón

Censuses

  • Census in Colombia
1770-2005 Colombian censuses
  • 2005 Colombian census[7][8]
  • 1993 Colombian census
  • 1985 Colombian census Wikimedia pdf copy of census
  • 1973 Colombian census
  • 1964 Colombian census
  • 1951 Colombian census[9]
  • 1938 Colombian census
  • 1928 Colombian census
  • 1918 Colombian census
  • 1912 Colombian census
  • 1905 Colombian census
  • 1870 Colombian census
  • 1864 Colombian census
  • 1851 Colombian census
  • 1843 Colombian census
  • 1835 Colombian census
  • 1825 Colombian census
  • 1770 Colombian census

Note: all censuses excluding 2018 (the 18th) are missing, including a main article about them. Sources: [10] [11]

Ethnic groups

  • Pacabuy
  • Passé people

Schools

See: List of universities in Colombia and its Spanish version

  • Autonomous University of Colombia
  • University College of Cundinamarca
  • ECCI University
  • Catholic University of Manizales
  • Superior College of Public Administration
  • International University of the American Tropics
  • EAN University
  • Sinú University
  • National Open and Distance University
  • University College of Cundinamarca
  • International University Foundation of the American Tropics
  • University of America
  • Catholic University of Manizales
  • Universidad Antonio Nariño
  • Autonomous University of Manizales

Sports

  • Colombia women's national ice hockey team

People (Medium priority)

See also: Wikipedia:WikiProject Women in Red/Missing articles by nationality/Colombia for Women

  • Jorge Cock Quevedo [12]
  • William Montes - politician, former senator and chamber rep.
  • Carlos Bernal Pulido [13][14] - current 2nd Vice President of Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (see article)
  • María Claudia Pulido - former (17 August 2020 – June 2021) acting Executive Secretary of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (see article)
  • Enrique Penalosa Camargo Colombian ambassador to the UN, Minister of Agriculture, and father of Enrique Peñalosa
  • Max Alejandro Flórez Rodríguez lawyer, former magistrate of the Superior Council of Judicature
  • Francisco Galán (ex-guerilla) the only person under the Commanders and leaders section of the Colombian conflict infobox that does not have an article. Legal name is Gerardo Antonio Bermúdez Sánchez, but is better known under his nombre de guerra.

Physical geography

  • Cayos de Este Sudeste
  • List of Colombian departments by elevation - A comprehensive list, like the equivalent article for the U.S., should include each department's high point, low point, the elevation range between the highest point and lowest point, and the average elevation.
  • Special District of Bogotá
  • Valleys and Plateaus of Colombia
  • Uramita Fault System

Rivers

  • Atacuari River
  • Yaguas River

Parks

for national parks of Colombia with Spanish articles, see Categoría:Parques nacionales de Colombia
for parks in Bogotá with Spanish articles, see Categoría:Parques de Bogotá

  • Chicó Museum
  • Río Puré National Park
  • Alto Fragua-Indi Wasi National Park
  • Cahuinarí National Park
  • Catatumbo Barí National Park
  • Cordillera de los Picachos National Park

Subdivisons

  • Junta Administradora Local

Metropolitan areas (officially defined)

See Metropolitan areas of Colombia

  • Greater Bucaramanga
  • Greater Pereira
  • Greater Valledupar

Media (Medium Priority)

  • Aló (magazine)
  • Credencial (magazine)
  • Diners (magazine)
  • Semanario Voz Newspaper of the PCC (est. 1957)
  • El Mosaico Magazine (1858-1872)

Government and political affairs (High priority)

  • Chambacú Affair
  • Demobilization process
  • Extradition Treaty (?)
  • Kidnapping of Íngrid Betancourt
  • Ralito Pact
  • Santa Fe de Ralito Agreement
  • Independence Heros of Colombia
  • Ospinopastranismo
  • Colombian judicial crisis
  • Water rationing in Bogotá

Ministries, Agencies, and Programs

  • Territorial Credit Institute
  • List of ministries of Colombia
  • Territorial Focus Development Program (PDET)
  • Ministry of Public Works (Colombia) (1905-1993)
  • Ministry of Mines and Petroleum (Colombia) (1940-1974)

Department Assemblies

see: List of Colombian Department Assemblies

Department Assemblies
  • Department Assembly of Amazonas
  • Department Assembly of Antioquia
  • Department Assembly of Arauca
  • Department Assembly of Atlántico
  • Department Assembly of Bolívar
  • Department Assembly of Boyacá
  • Department Assembly of Caldas
  • Department Assembly of Caquetá
  • Department Assembly of Casanare
  • Department Assembly of Cauca
  • Department Assembly of Cesar
  • Department Assembly of Chocó
  • Department Assembly of Córdoba
  • Department Assembly of Cundinamarca
  • Department Assembly of La Guajira
  • Department Assembly of Guainía
  • Department Assembly of Guaviare
  • Department Assembly of Huila
  • Department Assembly of Magdalena
  • Department Assembly of Meta
  • Department Assembly of Nariño
  • Department Assembly of Norte de Santander
  • Department Assembly of Putumayo
  • Department Assembly of Quindío
  • Department Assembly of Risaralda
  • Department Assembly of San Andrés and Providencia
  • Department Assembly of Santander
  • Department Assembly of Sucre
  • Department Assembly of Tolima
  • Department Assembly of Vaupés
  • Department Assembly of Vichada

Political parties/alliances

2018 Colombian parliamentary election 2015 Colombian regional and municipal elections

Embassies (Low priority)

Embassies
  • Embassy of Algeria, Bogotá (Q100269333)
  • Embassy of Argentina, Bogotá (Q79604096)
  • Embassy of Australia, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Austria, Bogotá (Q104694076)
  • Embassy of Azerbaijan, Bogotá (Q110845115)
  • Embassy of Belarus, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Belgium, Bogotá (Q104530761)
  • Embassy of Bolivia, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Brazil, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Canada, Bogotá (Q104370635)
  • Embassy of Chile, Bogotá
  • Embassy of China, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Costa Rica, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Cuba, Bogotá
  • Embassy of the Czech Republic, Bogotá (Q107030760)
  • Embassy of Denmark, Bogotá
  • Embassy of the Dominican Republic, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Ecuador, Bogotá
  • Embassy of El Salvador, Bogotá (Q73436843)
  • Embassy of Egypt, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Finland, Bogotá
  • Embassy of France, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Germany, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Guatemala, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Haiti, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Hungary, Bogotá (Q63852485)
  • Embassy of Honduras, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Ireland, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Italy, Bogotá (Q105022183)
  • Embassy of India, Bogotá < currently a redirect (Q73092900)
  • Embassy of Iran, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Jamaica, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Japan, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Lebanon, Bogotá (Q110736916)
  • Embassy of Order of Malta, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Mexico, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Morocco, Bogotá
  • Embassy of New Zealand, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Netherlands, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Norway, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Nicaragua, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Panama, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Paraguay, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Peru, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Poland, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Portugal, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Qatar, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Romania, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Russia, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Sahrawi Republic, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Saudi Arabia, Bogotá
  • Embassy of South Korea, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Spain, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Sweden, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Switzerland, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Turkey, Bogotá < currently a redirect
  • Embassy of United Arab Emirates, Bogotá
  • Embassy of United States, Bogotá
  • Embassy of United Kingdom, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Uruguay, Bogotá
  • Embassy of Venezuela, Bogotá

Elections

general sources:

Presidential
  • 1811 Colombian presidential election
  • 1813 Colombian presidential election
  • 1821 Colombian presidential election
  • 1836-37 Colombian presidential election
  • 1840-41 Colombian presidential election
  • 1844-45 Colombian presidential election
  • 1863 Colombian presidential election
Legislature
  • 1813 Colombian general election
  • 1820 Colombian parliamentary election
  • 1831 Colombian Constituent Assembly election
  • 1838 Colombian parliamentary election
  • 1867 Colombian parliamentary election
  • 1892 Colombian parliamentary election
Local
  • 1991 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 1992 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 1994 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 1997 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 2000 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 2003 Colombian regional and municipal elections

Economy

  • Family Compensation Fund

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