Portal:Brazil


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Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh-largest by population, with over 212 million people. The country is a federation composed of 26 states and a Federal District, which hosts the capital, Brasília. Its most populous city is São Paulo, followed by Rio de Janeiro. Brazil has the most Portuguese speakers in the world and is the only country in the Americas where Portuguese is an official language.

Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 kilometers (4,655 mi). Covering roughly half of South America's land area, it borders all other countries and territories on the continent except Ecuador and Chile. Brazil encompasses a wide range of tropical and subtropical landscapes, as well as wetlands, savannas, plateaus, and low mountains. It contains most of the Amazon basin, including the world’s largest river system and most extensive virgin tropical forest. Brazil has diverse wildlife, a variety of ecological systems, and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats. The country ranks first among 17 megadiverse countries, with its natural heritage being the subject of significant global interest, as environmental degradation (through processes such as deforestation) directly affect global issues such as climate change and biodiversity loss.

Brazil was inhabited by various indigenous peoples prior to the landing of Portuguese explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500. It was claimed and settled by Portugal, which imported enslaved Africans to work on plantations. Brazil remained a colony until 1815, when it was elevated to the rank of a united kingdom with Portugal after the transfer of the Portuguese court to Rio de Janeiro. Prince Pedro of Braganza declared the country's independence in 1822, establishing the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Brazil's first constitution in 1824 established a bicameral legislature, now called the National Congress, and enshrined principles such as freedom of religion and the press, but retained slavery, which was gradually abolished throughout the 19th century until its final abolition in 1888. Brazil became a presidential republic following a military coup d'état in 1889. An armed revolution in 1930 put an end to the First Republic and brought Getúlio Vargas to power. While initially committing to democratic governance, Vargas assumed dictatorial powers following a self-coup in 1937, marking the beginning of the Estado Novo. Democracy was restored after Vargas' ousting in 1945. An authoritarian military dictatorship emerged in 1964 with support from the United States and ruled until 1985, after which civilian governance resumed. Brazil's current constitution, enacted in 1988, defines it as a democratic federal republic.

Brazil is a regional and middle power and rising global power. It is an emerging, upper-middle income economy and newly industrialized country, with one of the 10 largest economies in the world in both nominal and PPP terms, the largest economy in Latin America and the Southern Hemisphere, and the largest share of wealth in South America. With a complex and highly diversified economy, Brazil is one of the world's major or primary exporters of various agricultural goods, mineral resources, and manufactured products. Due to its rich culture and history, the country ranks thirteenth in the world by number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Brazil is a founding member of the United Nations, the G20, BRICS, G4, Mercosur, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States, and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries; it is also an observer state of the Arab League and a major non-NATO ally of the United States. (Full article...)

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  • Location of Fernando de Noronha, the island group to which Noronhomys was endemic.

    Noronhomys vespuccii, also known as Vespucci's rodent, is an extinct rat species from the islands of Fernando de Noronha off northeastern Brazil. Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci may have seen it on a visit to Fernando de Noronha in 1503, but it subsequently became extinct, perhaps because of the exotic rats and mice introduced by the first explorers of the island. Numerous but fragmentary fossil remains of the animal, of uncertain but probably Holocene age, were discovered in 1973 and described in 1999.

    Noronhomys vespuccii was a fairly large rodent, larger than the black rat (Rattus rattus). A member of the family Cricetidae and subfamily Sigmodontinae, it shares several distinctive characters with Holochilus and related genera within the tribe Oryzomyini, including high-crowned molars with simplified crown features and the presence of several ridges on the skull which help anchor the chewing muscles. Although a suite of traits suggest that Holochilus is its closest relative, it is distinctive in many ways and is therefore classified in a separate genus, Noronhomys. Its close relatives, including Holochilus and Lundomys, are adapted to a semiaquatic lifestyle, spending much of their time in the water, but features of the Noronhomys bones suggest that it lost its semiaquatic lifestyle, after arrival at its remote island. (Full article...)
  • Brazil sent a delegation to compete at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan from 7–22 February 1998. The delegation consisted of a single athlete Marcelo Apovian, who competed in alpine skiing. Making his second Olympic appearance, he finished his only event, the men's super-G in 37th place, last among those who finished the race. (Full article...)

  • Adult in the Caetés forest, 2022

    The cherry-throated tanager (Nemosia rourei) is a critically endangered bird native to the Atlantic Forest in Brazil. Since its description in 1870, based on a shot specimen, there had been no confirmed sightings for more than 100 years, and by the end of the 20th century, it was thought that the species was already extinct. The cherry-throated tanager was rediscovered in 1998 on a private fazenda in the state of Espírito Santo, and soon after on two other sites in the same state, though it disappeared from the fazenda after 2006. By the end of 2023, 20 individuals were known and the total population was estimated to be fewer than 50 birds. The main threat to its survival is the large-scale destruction of the old-growth rainforest that it requires, and in 2018 it was estimated that the species was restricted to a total area of just 31 km2 (12 sq mi).

    The cherry-throated tanager belongs to the tanager family Thraupidae. It is thought to be most closely related to the only other member of its genus, the hooded tanager, though this has yet to be confirmed by genetic analysis. It has striking gray, black, and white plumage, with a distinctive red throat patch that tapers towards the breast. The yellow or dark amber eyes contrast with a black face mask. Its call is clear and far-carrying. A social species, it lives in flocks that comprise up to eight birds and have large home ranges, in one case about 420 hectares (1,000 acres). Its diet consists of invertebrates such as ants and caterpillars, preferably picked from the horizontal, lichen-covered branches of large trees; the birds have also been observed feeding on fruit. The birds breed once a year, building a cup nest of beard lichen and spider web. Known nests have contained two or three eggs, and other members of the flock may help the breeding pair to feed the chicks. (Full article...)

  • The 2008 Brazilian Grand Prix (formally the Formula 1 Grande Prêmio do Brasil 2008) was a Formula One motor race held on 2 November 2008 at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace, Interlagos, in São Paulo, Brazil. It was the eighteenth and final race of the 2008 Formula One World Championship. Ferrari driver Felipe Massa won the 71-lap race from pole position; this was the last of Massa's 11 Grand Prix wins. Fernando Alonso finished second in a Renault, and Massa's teammate Kimi Räikkönen finished third.

    Massa started the race alongside Toyota driver Jarno Trulli. Massa's teammate Räikkönen began from third next to McLaren driver Lewis Hamilton. Rain fell minutes before the race, delaying the start, and as the track dried Massa established a lead of several seconds. More rain late in the race made the last few laps treacherous for the drivers, but could not prevent Massa from winning the Grand Prix. Sebastian Vettel of Toro Rosso finished in fourth place behind Alonso and Räikkönen. Hamilton passed Toyota's Timo Glock in the final corners of the race to finish fifth, securing him the points needed to take the Drivers' Championship. (Full article...)

  • Más Notícias (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈmaz noˈtʃisiɐs]; English: "Bad News") is an oil painting created by the Brazilian artist Rodolfo Amoedo in 1895. Housed at the National Museum of Fine Arts in Rio de Janeiro, it depicts a woman seated in an armchair, gazing forward and meeting the viewer's eyes. The painting is characterized by its blend of realistic painting techniques and emerging movements in Brazil, such as symbolism and modernism; this synthesis of diverse influences has led this work to be recognized within the history of Brazilian art.

    Presented at the Second General Exhibition of the National School of Fine Arts (Escola Nacional de Belas Artes; ENBA), Amoedo's work was regarded as diverging from the canons of more conventional and academic painting. It was praised by critics for introducing new artistic currents to Brazil, which had already gained recognition in Europe, where the artist had spent time years before the painting's debut. The work was also noted for its exploration of feminine psychology through art. (Full article...)

  • Andrade at the 2023 Artistic Gymnastics World Cup in Paris

    Rebeca Rodrigues de Andrade (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁeˈbɛkɐ ʁoˈdɾiɡiz dʒi ɐ̃ˈdɾadʒi]; born 8 May 1999) is a Brazilian artistic gymnast. Having won a total of six Olympic and nine World medals, she is the most decorated Brazilian and Latin American gymnast of all time, as well as the most decorated Brazilian Olympian in any discipline. In the all-around, she is the 2022 World champion, a two-time Olympic silver medalist (2020, 2024), the 2023 World silver medalist, and the 2021 Pan American champion. On vault, she is the 2020 Olympic gold medalist, the 2024 Olympic silver medalist, a two-time World Champion (2021, 2023), and the 2023 Pan American Games champion. In the floor exercise, she is the 2024 Olympic gold medalist, 2023 World silver medallist, and 2022 World bronze medallist. She led the Brazilian team to its first ever team medals at the 2023 World Championships (silver) and the 2024 Olympics (bronze), as well as the gold medal at the 2021 Pan American Championships.

    Andrade is the first Brazilian female gymnast to medal at an Olympic Games and only the second Brazilian woman to win a gold medal at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. Andrade is one of only 11 female gymnasts to have medalled on every event in the history of World Championships, and one of only three gymnasts to have done so in the 21st century, alongside Simone Biles and Aliya Mustafina. (Full article...)

  • The Revolt of the Lash (Portuguese: Revolta da Chibata) was a naval mutiny in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in late November 1910. It was the direct result of the use of whips ("lashes") by white naval officers when punishing Afro-Brazilian and mixed-race enlisted sailors.

    At the beginning of the new century rising demand for coffee and rubber enabled Brazilian politicians to attempt to transform their country into an international power. A key part of this would come from modernizing the Brazilian Navy, which had been neglected since the 1899 coup, by purchasing battleships of the new "dreadnought" type. Social conditions in the Brazilian Navy, however, did not keep pace with this new technology. Elite white officers were in charge of mostly black and mixed-race crewmen, many of whom had been forced into the navy on long-term contracts. These officers frequently inflicted corporal punishment on the crewmen for major and minor offenses alike despite the practice's ban in most other countries and in the rest of Brazil. (Full article...)

  • The jaguar (Panthera onca) is a large cat species and the only living member of the genus Panthera that is native to the Americas. With a body length of up to 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) and a weight of up to 158 kg (348 lb), it is the biggest cat species in the Americas and the third largest in the world. Its distinctively marked coat features pale yellow to tan colored fur covered by spots that transition to rosettes on the sides, although a melanistic black coat appears in some individuals. The jaguar's powerful bite allows it to pierce the carapaces of turtles and tortoises, and to employ an unusual killing method: it bites directly through the skull of mammalian prey between the ears to deliver a fatal blow to the brain.

    The modern jaguar's ancestors probably entered the Americas from Eurasia during the Early Pleistocene via the land bridge that once spanned the Bering Strait. Today, the jaguar's range extends from the Southwestern United States across Mexico and much of Central America, the Amazon rainforest and south to Paraguay and northern Argentina. It inhabits a variety of forested and open terrains, but its preferred habitat is tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest, wetlands and wooded regions. It is adept at swimming and is largely a solitary, opportunistic, stalk-and-ambush apex predator. As a keystone species, it plays an important role in stabilizing ecosystems and in regulating prey populations. (Full article...)

  • Frontispiece to volume 1 by Josiah Wood Whymper, entitled "Adventure with Curl-Crested Toucans". The image is misleading as Bates was not carrying a gun when he encountered the birds.

    The Naturalist on the River Amazons, subtitled A Record of the Adventures, Habits of Animals, Sketches of Brazilian and Indian Life, and Aspects of Nature under the Equator, during Eleven Years of Travel, is an 1863 book by the British naturalist Henry Walter Bates about his expedition to the Amazon basin. Bates and his friend Alfred Russel Wallace set out to obtain new species and new evidence for evolution by natural selection, as well as exotic specimens to sell. He explored thousands of miles of the Amazon and its tributaries, and collected over 14,000 species, of which 8,000 were new to science. His observations of the coloration of butterflies led him to discover Batesian mimicry.

    The book contains an evenly distributed mixture of natural history, travel, and observation of human societies, including the towns with their Catholic processions. Only the most remarkable discoveries of animals and plants are described, and theories such as evolution and mimicry are barely mentioned. Bates remarks that finding a new species is only the start; he also describes animal behaviour, sometimes in detail, as for the army ants. He constantly relates the wildlife to the people, explaining how the people hunt, what they eat and what they use as medicines. The book is illustrated with drawings by leading artists including E. W. Robinson, Josiah Wood Whymper, Joseph Wolf and Johann Baptist Zwecker. (Full article...)

  • Prince Bernhard's titi monkey (Plecturocebus bernhardi), also called the zog-zog monkey, is a species of titi monkey in the genus Plecturocebus, first described in 2002. It is named after Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands. They have varying coloration of gray, black, and agouti, with dark orange in certain regions. They are endemic to Brazil, found mostly in disturbed forest environments. While officially listed as least-concern by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), they may, in fact, be at-risk due to human-caused deforestation. (Full article...)
  • Admirável Chip Novo is the debut studio album by Brazilian artist Pitty. It was released on 3 April 2003 through the independent label Deckdisc. After stepping away from her role as vocalist for the hardcore punk band Inkoma, Pitty continued composing new songs but had no immediate plans to record them. In 2002, she was approached by producer and Deckdisc executive Rafael Ramos, who requested a cassette tape of her compositions featuring her voice and acoustic guitar. After reviewing the material, he signed her to the label under a multi-album deal. Pitty traveled to Rio de Janeiro to work on the album with musicians such as Joe, Peu Sousa, and Duda Machado. The album features 11 original tracks, all written solely by Pitty except for one co-written song. Musically, it blends hard rock and alternative rock, with lyrics that critique social norms and consumerism.

    Admirável Chip Novo received mixed reviews from music critics, who praised it as a strong debut project. At the 2004 Latin Grammy Awards, the album was nominated for Best Brazilian Rock Album. Commercially, it became the album through which Pitty was "discovered" and gained nationwide recognition in Brazil. It was certified platinum, recognizing over 200,000 copies sold. (Full article...)
  • Transgender history in Brazil comprises the history of transgender (transsexual, third gender, and travesti) people in Brazil and their struggles and organization from the pre-colonial period to the modern day. Before Brazil's colonization, indigenous peoples respected various transmasculine and transfeminine third genders; colonization included public executions of trans people and the systematic imposition of the Western gender binary. In the late 1800s, there were repeated arrests of black travestis and occasional sensationalized news reports of travestis. By the 1920s there were popular drag queens and in the 1950s travestis became popular stars in the theater and revue shows. From the 1960s onward, LGBT periodicals publicly discussed the issues facing travestis and transsexuals.

    The military dictatorship in Brazil (1964–1985) carried out mass targeted arrests and media censorship of travestis. Many emigrated to Paris and the majority who remained were pressured into sex work. In the latter half of the dictatorship, censorship loosened and travestis began to re-enter the theatre and organize openly. After the dictatorship, mass arrests continued along with extrajudicial killings by the military and vigilante groups. The homosexual rights movement distanced itself from travestis for respectability. In 1992, the first political travesti organization was created and began advocating for HIV care and against police brutality. Over the next decade, more trans organizations were created and began to partner with gay and lesbian organizations. (Full article...)
  • The 1937 Brazilian coup d'état (Portuguese: Golpe de Estado no Brasil em 1937), also known as the Estado Novo coup, was a military coup in Brazil led by President Getúlio Vargas with the support of the Armed Forces on 10 November 1937.

    Vargas had risen to power in 1930 with the backing of the military, following a revolution that ended a decades-old oligarchy. Vargas ruled as provisional president until the National Constituent Assembly election in 1934. Under a new constitution, Vargas became the constitutional president of Brazil, but following a 1935 communist insurrection, speculation grew over a potential self-coup. Candidates for the 1938 presidential election appeared as early as late 1936. Vargas could not seek re-election, but he and his allies were unwilling to abandon power. Despite loosening political repression after the communist revolt, strong sentiment for a dictatorial government remained, and increasing federal intervention in state governments would pave the way for a coup to take place. (Full article...)
  • Arise is the fourth studio album by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura, released in 1991 by Roadrunner Records. Released after their breakthrough album, Beneath the Remains (1989), Arise represents the band's experiments with that album's death/thrash style, and presents the band's first incursions with industrial music, hardcore punk and Latin percussion.

    Upon its release, the album received widespread acclaim in the heavy metal press, and yielded multiple singles. The tour that supported the album was the group's longest at that time, totaling 220 shows in 39 countries from 1991–1992. During the touring, the album went gold in Indonesia, becoming the band's first music industry certification. By the tour's end, Arise had achieved platinum sales worldwide. (Full article...)
  • Sarcófago was a Brazilian extreme metal band formed in 1985. They were fronted by Sepultura's original singer, Wagner Lamounier, and Geraldo Minelli.

    The front cover of the band's debut album, I.N.R.I., is regarded as a great influence on black metal's corpse paint style make-up. That record is also considered one of the "first wave" albums that helped shape the genre. (Full article...)

  • The 2000 Rio 200 was a Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART) auto race held at the trapezoid-shaped Emerson Fittipaldi Speedway , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on April 30, 2000. It was the third race of the 2000 CART season, the fifth (and last) running of the event, and the first round of the year to be held outside of the United States. The 108-lap race was won by Patrick Racing driver Adrián Fernández after he started from sixteenth. Jimmy Vasser of Chip Ganassi Racing finished second with Team Green's Paul Tracy third.

    Tagliani set the fastest overall lap time in qualifying to start the race from pole position. He led for a total of 76 laps, more than any driver. However, Tagliani lost traction in his car on the 100th lap and spun in the second corner, promoting Fernández to the lead. The race ended under caution and no overtaking was permitted after Tagliani spun for a second time at the end of lap 105. Fernández thus won the race, his first of the season, and the sixth of his career. There were five cautions and eight lead changes among five different drivers during the course of the event. (Full article...)

  • Gugelmin at the 1991 United States Grand Prix

    Maurício Gugelmin (born 20 April 1963) is a Brazilian former racing driver and businessman, who competed in Formula One from 1988 to 1992, and CART from 1993 to 2001.

    Born and raised in Joinville, Gugelmin began competitive kart racing aged seven, winning several regional and national titles. He progressed to Formula Ford in 1982, dominating the British and European championships. Gugelmin then won the 1985 British Formula Three Championship, further winning the Macau Grand Prix to emulate Ayrton Senna two years prior. Gugelmin signed for March in 1988, making his Formula One debut at his home Grand Prix in Brazil. In his rookie season, he scored points finishes at the British and Hungarian Grands Prix, driving the Adrian Newey-designed 881. Retaining his seat for 1989, Gugelmin achieved his only career podium finish at the season-opening Brazilian Grand Prix. After two further seasons at the re-branded Leyton House—including a non-classified championship finish in 1991—Gugelmin moved to Jordan for his 1992 campaign, but was unable to score points again and departed at the end of the season. (Full article...)

  • Destroyed homes following the earthquake

    The 1986 João Câmara earthquake (Portuguese: Sismo de João Câmara de 1986) struck on 30 November 1986 at 02:19 Brasília Time with a moment magnitude of 5.1 near the town of João Câmara, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The event was felt over a large area of northeastern Brazil, including the cities of Natal and Mossoró. It took place in a more seismically active part of Brazil, where deformation of land at the Brasiliano orogeny between the São Francisco and São Luís cratons formed a series of fault zones in between 1 billion to 538.8 million years ago. The 1986 João Câmara earthquake occurred on one of these fault zones while accompanied by a lengthy series of earthquakes which consisted more than 1,000 recorded events. This mainshock was preceded by a series of foreshocks that began in August and was followed by a series of aftershocks which continued until 1990. Widespread damage to buildings at João Câmara occurred and thousands of people were displaced. The earthquake is widely remembered as one of the most significant events in Brazil's history. (Full article...)
  • The Man of the Hole (c. 1960s – c. July 2022), or the Tanaru Indian, was an Indigenous person who lived alone in the Amazon rainforest in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. He was the sole inhabitant of the Tanaru Indigenous Territory, a protected Indigenous territory demarcated by the Brazilian government in 2007.

    It is not known what language the Man of the Hole spoke, what his people called themselves, or what his name was, although it may have been Tupian. He was the last surviving member of his people following their genocide by Brazilian settlers in the 1970s–1990s and chose to remain isolated until his death in 2022. Living primarily by hunting and gathering and moving frequently, he left behind a deep hole of unknown purpose in each of his former homes, giving rise to his nickname. After surviving a further attack by armed ranchers in 2009, he was found dead in his home in August 2022. (Full article...)

  • USS Orizaba (ID–1536) departing New York via the North River for France in World War I (1918)

    USS Orizaba (ID-1536/AP-24) was a transport ship for the United States Navy in both World War I and World War II. She was the sister ship of Siboney but the two were not part of a ship class. In her varied career, she was also known as USAT Orizaba in service for the United States Army, and as SS Orizaba in interwar civilian service for the Ward Line, and as Duque de Caxias (U-11) as an auxiliary in the Brazilian Navy after World War II.

    Orizaba made 15 transatlantic voyages for the navy carrying troops to and from Europe in World War I with the second-shortest average in-port turnaround time of all navy transports. The ship was turned over to the War Department in 1919 for use as army transport USAT Orizaba. After her service in World War I ended, Orizaba reverted to the Ward Line, her previous owners. The ship was briefly engaged in transatlantic service to Spain and then engaged in New York–Cuba–Mexico service until 1939, when the ship was chartered to United States Lines. While Orizaba was in her Ward Line service, American poet Hart Crane leapt to his death from the rear deck of the liner off Florida in April 1932. (Full article...)

  • Martha Watts (February 13, 1848 – December 30, 1909) was an American missionary and school teacher who established four educational facilities in Brazil. Educated in Kentucky at the Louisville Normal School, she was in the first graduating class in the early 1870s and became a teacher, working in the public schools. After joining the Broadway Methodist Church in 1874, Watts joined a youth missionary society and founded a Sunday school class. In 1881, after applying to the Women's Board of Foreign Missions, she was accepted as the second woman from the United States to act as a foreign missionary and was the first woman to be sent to Brazil.

    Arriving in the state of São Paulo in 1881, Watts' mission was to establish a school in Piracicaba. Within months, though she only had one student, Watts had opened the Colégio Piracicabano and began by recruiting a French teacher, Marie Rennotte, in 1882. At the time, most educational materials had been translated into French, as it was the universal language of education. The two women worked together to design an innovative co-educational learning environment, which offered courses in languages, literature, mathematics, philosophy, and the natural and physical sciences. Though criticized by conservative sectors of society and the Catholic Church, Watts gained powerful supporters, including prominent progressive politicians, lawyers, masons, and abolitionists. By the 1890s, the school method and curricula had gained wide support, the student body had grown substantially, and their methods were being implemented throughout the state. (Full article...)

  • Cavalera Conspiracy at the Norway Rock Festival, 2010

    Cavalera Conspiracy is a Brazilian-American heavy metal supergroup from Phoenix, Arizona, founded by Brazilian brothers Max (vocals, rhythm guitar) and Igor Cavalera (drums, percussion), who are widely known as former members of Sepultura, and the only two constant members of the band. The band originally formed in 2007 as Inflikted but changed its name for legal reasons. The group's creation marked the end of a 10-year feud between the Cavalera brothers who founded Sepultura in the early 1980s. In 2022, they adopted the name Cavalera in order to release re-recorded editions of classic Sepultura albums, which were released in 2023.

    Following the brothers' falling out, Max Cavalera had formed a new band, Soulfly, and Igor had recorded four studio albums with Sepultura before leaving the band in January 2006. In July 2006, Max received an unexpected call from his brother, and by the end of the conversation, Max had invited Igor to visit him in Phoenix, Arizona, to perform in a Soulfly show. Igor joined Soulfly in concert and performed two Sepultura songs. After the show, Max suggested they begin a new project, and Igor accepted. To complete the band, Max chose Soulfly guitarist Marc Rizzo and Joe Duplantier (Gojira) as bass guitarist. The group then recorded their debut album at Undercity Studios in Los Angeles with engineer and co-producer Logan Mader in July 2007. Named after the band's original moniker, Inflikted was released through Roadrunner Records on March 25, 2008. Cavalera Conspiracy has released three more albums since then: Blunt Force Trauma (2011), Pandemonium (2014) and Psychosis (2017). (Full article...)

  • Catarina approaching Brazil as a Category 1 hurricane on 27 March

    Hurricane Catarina, or Cyclone Catarina (Portuguese pronunciation: [kataˈɾinɐ]) was an extraordinarily rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone that became the only hurricane-strength storm on record in the South Atlantic Ocean. Catarina made landfall in Southern Brazil at peak intensity, with the equivalent of Category 2 hurricane-force sustained winds, on 28 March 2004.

    The storm developed out of a stationary cold-core upper-level trough on 12 March. Almost a week later, on 19 March, a disturbance developed along the trough and traveled towards the west-southwest until 22 March when a ridge stopped the forward motion of the disturbance. The disturbance was in an unusually favorable environment with a slightly below-average wind shear and above-average sea surface temperatures. The combination of the two led to a slow transition from an extratropical cyclone to a subtropical cyclone by 24 March. The storm continued to obtain tropical characteristics and became a tropical storm the next day while the winds steadily increased. The storm attained wind speeds of 121 km/h (75 mph)—equivalent to a low-end Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale—on 26 March. At that time, it was unofficially named Catarina and was also the first hurricane-strength tropical cyclone ever recorded in the Southern Atlantic Ocean. Abnormally favorable conditions persisted, resulting in Catarina intensifying further, and it would peak with 1-minute sustained winds of 160 km/h (100 mph) on 28 March. The center of the storm made landfall between the cities of Passo de Torres and Balneário Gaivota, Santa Catarina soon after. Catarina rapidly weakened upon landfall and dissipated later that day. (Full article...)

  • The 1995 Brazilian Grand Prix (formally the XXIV Grande Prêmio do Brasil) was a Formula One motor race held on 26 March 1995 at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace, São Paulo, Brazil. It was the first round of the 1995 Formula One World Championship. Michael Schumacher of the Benetton team won the 71-lap race from second position. David Coulthard finished second in a Williams car, with Gerhard Berger third in a Ferrari. Damon Hill, who started the race from pole position, spun out while leading on lap 30 with an apparent gearbox problem, which was later found to be a suspension failure. Schumacher's win came despite Benetton encountering steering problems with his car during Friday practice, leading to him crashing heavily and necessitating steering component changes for the rest of the event. Despite Schumacher's victory, Hill proved to be faster during the race and seemed to be on course for a comfortable victory before his sudden retirement.

    Other notable performances came from Berger, who took the final podium position despite being delayed during one of his routine pit stops due to a problem with a loose wheel nut, from Mika Häkkinen, who finished fourth for the McLaren team despite its new car proving to be uncompetitive in pre-season testing, and from Mika Salo, who drove strongly in the first half of the race to run third in his first Grand Prix for the Tyrrell team, only to suffer from a cramp and drop back to seventh place at the finish. Behind Häkkinen, the other points-scoring finishers were Jean Alesi in the second Ferrari and Mark Blundell, who drove the second McLaren. Blundell was standing in for regular driver Nigel Mansell in the second McLaren until the team could produce a wider chassis in which to accommodate him, as the car's initial cockpit design had proved to be too narrow for him to drive comfortably. (Full article...)
  • Brainstorm (Portuguese: Bicho de Sete Cabeças) is a 2000 drama film directed by Laís Bodanzky based on the autobiographical book Canto dos Malditos by Austregésilo Carrano Bueno. The film was made through a partnership between Brazilian and Italian studios and starred Rodrigo Santoro, Othon Bastos and Cassia Kiss. The film tells the story of Neto, a young man who is admitted to a psychiatric hospital after his father discovers he is a user of marijuana. There, Neto is subjected to abuse. In addition to abuse by psychiatric hospitals, the film deals with the issues of drugs and relationships between fathers and sons.

    Bodanzky read Carrano's book in 1996 and, impressed by the theme, assigned Luiz Bolognesi to adapt it into a film and transpose its setting from the 1970s to the 1990s. In addition to keeping the film in the present, Bodanzky chose to make it a documentary-style film to create greater impact on the viewer. Bolognesi began writing in 1997 with the freedom to make changes to the original story. The film was shot in early 2000 in São Paulo, and was edited and finalized in Italy. (Full article...)

Interesting articles –

Romulo Barral attempting a triangle choke on Gabriel Vella at the 2009 World Jiu-Jitsu Championship

Brazilian jiu-jitsu (Portuguese: jiu-jitsu brasileiro [ʒiw ˈʒitsu bɾaziˈlejɾu, ʒu -]), often abbreviated to BJJ, is a self-defense system, martial art, and combat sport based on grappling, ground fighting, and submission holds. It is primarily a ground-based fighting style and focuses on taking one's opponent down to the ground, gaining a dominant position, and using a number of techniques to force them into submission via joint locks, chokeholds, or compression locks. It has its roots in jujutsu, judo and catch wrestling.

Brazilian jiu-jitsu was first developed around 1925 by Brazilian brothers Carlos, Oswaldo, Gastão Jr., and Hélio Gracie, after Carlos was taught Kodokan judo and Catch Wrestling in 1917 by either Mitsuyo Maeda, a travelling Japanese judoka, or one of Maeda's students Jacyntho Ferro. Later on the Gracie family developed their own self-defense system which they named Gracie jiu-jitsu. BJJ eventually came to be its own defined combat sport through the innovations, practices, and adaptation of Gracie jiu-jitsu and judo, and has become one of the essential martial arts for modern MMA. (Full article...)

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The Brazilian monitor Piauí was the fourth ship of the Pará-class river monitors built for the Brazilian Navy during the Paraguayan War in the late 1860s. Piauí passed the fortifications at Humaitá in July 1868 and provided fire support for the army for the rest of the war. The ship was assigned to the Mato Grosso Flotilla after the war. Piauí was scrapped in 1893. (Full article...)

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Manuel Dias de Abreu (January 4, 1892 – January 30, 1962) was a Brazilian physician and scientist, the inventor of abreugraphy, a rapid radiography of the lungs for screening tuberculosis. He is considered one of the most important Brazilian physicians, side by side with Carlos Chagas, Vital Brazil and Oswaldo Cruz. (Full article...)

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Guarita Beach is a Brazilian beach in the state of the Rio Grande do Sul. It is a beach resorts that stretches for 23 kilometers of maritime edge of Torres, it borders with Santa Catarina and has access ways to the BR-101 and the RS-389. It is 197 kilometers from Porto Alegre and 280 kilometers from Florianópolis.

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2008 Brazilian Grand Prix • Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil • Brazilian cruiser Bahia • Blue whale • Empire of Brazil • 1937 Brazilian coup d'état • Pedro Álvares Cabral • Chagas disease • Cherry-throated tanager • Drymoreomys • Euryoryzomys emmonsae • Fôrça Bruta • Giant otter • Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 • Joaquim José Inácio, Viscount of Inhaúma • Jaguar • Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná • Lundomys • Princess Maria Amélia of Brazil • Master System • Brazilian battleship Minas Geraes • Minas Geraes-class battleship • Noronha skink • Noronhomys • USS Orizaba • José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco • Pedro I of Brazil • Pedro II of Brazil • Pedro Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil • Brazilian battleship São Paulo • Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias • Sonic After the Sequel • Manuel Marques de Sousa, Count of Porto Alegre • South American dreadnought race • Suicidal Tour • Thalassodromeus • Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies • Uruguayan War • 2014 FIFA World Cup final

2016 Summer Olympics medal table • List of World Heritage Sites in Brazil • List of international goals scored by Pelé • List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Norte • Sepultura discography

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1986 João Câmara earthquake • 1995 Brazilian Grand Prix • 2000 Brazilian Grand Prix • 2000 Rio 200 • 2010 Brazilian Grand Prix • 2010 São Paulo Indy 300 • 2012 Brazilian Grand Prix • 2014 Brazilian Grand Prix • 2015 Brazilian Grand Prix • A Puro Dolor • Abraham Weintraub–Wikipedia controversy • Actinote zikani • Admirável Chip Novo • Rebeca Andrade • Archaeological interest of Pedra da Gávea • Arise (Sepultura album) • Clube Atlético Mineiro • Azure-shouldered tanager • Bomba Patch • Disappearance of Bruno Borges • Brainstorm (2000 film) • Brazil v Germany (2014 FIFA World Cup) • Brazil at the 1994 Winter Olympics • Brazil at the 1998 Winter Olympics • Brazil at the 2014 Winter Paralympics • Brazilian military junta of 1930 • Gisele Bündchen • Candomblé • Capybara • Adelir Antônio de Carli • Carlos Bandeirense Mirandópolis hoax • Hélio Castroneves • Dorival Caymmi • Cê • César Cielo • Clube Atlético Mineiro in international club football • Clube da Esquina (album) • Cavalera Conspiracy • Diego Costa • Philippe Coutinho • Dejaría Todo • Diptychophora galvani • Fortress of Humaitá • Fruta Fresca • Ganga Bruta • Gilberto Gil • Maurício Gugelmin • Hilda Hilst • Hurricane Catarina • Jorge Ben (album) • Le langaige du Bresil • Josiane Lima • Mitsuyo Maeda • RMS Magdalena (1948) • Man of the Hole • Mango Yellow • Marquinhos • Laura Matsuda • Jailson Mendes • Más Notícias • The Naturalist on the River Amazons • Legacy of Pedro II of Brazil • Early life of Pedro II of Brazil • Pelé • Brazilian monitor Piauí • Platine War • Prince Bernhard's titi monkey • Marie Rennotte • Revolt of the Lash • Revolution of the Ganhadores • Rio de Janeiro bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics • Samba rock • Sarcófago • State University of Campinas • TAM Airlines Flight 3054 • TV Bahia • Taubaté pregnancy hoax • Tectoy • Transgender history in Brazil • Tribalistas (2002 album) • Umbanda • Alessandra Vieira • Vinicius and Tom • Martha Watts • World War II

  • 200 anos do Senado Federal (53454234104)
  • Achacha fruits and seed
  • Amanhecer no Hercules --
  • Bananaquits
  • Bare-faced curassow (Crax fasciolata) female head
  • Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Aparecida, 2007
  • Bertha Lutz 1925
  • Black skimmer (Rynchops niger) in flight
  • Brazil 16thc map
  • Buteo magnirostris -Goias -Brazil-8
  • Campo flicker (Colaptes campestris) female
  • Carmen Miranda in That Night in Rio (1941)
  • Cattle tyrant (Machetornis rixosa) on Capybara
  • Cobra-papagaio - Bothrops bilineatus - Ilhéus - Bahia
  • Dias Gomes (sem data) - Restoration
  • Dilma Rousseff - foto oficial 2011-01-09
  • Discovery of the Land1
  • ESTADOS UNIDOS LEVAM OURO NA GINÁSTICA FEMININA POR EQUIPES DOS JOGOS OLÍMPICOS RIO 2016 (28849586476) (cropped)
  • Fernanda Lima in 2012
  • Forte de Santo Antônio--Farol da Barra Salvador Bahia Vista Aérea 2021-0149
  • Gibão de couro
  • Green kingfisher (Chloroceryle americana) male 3
  • Hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) head
  • Hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) in flight
  • Hydrochoeris hydrochaeris in Brazil in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 09
  • Jabiru (Jabiru mycteria) 2
  • Jaguar (Panthera onca palustris) male Three Brothers River 2
  • Jorge Amado, gtfy.00010
  • Lençóis Maranhenses 2018
  • Lime - whole and halved
  • Maria I, Queen of Portugal - Giuseppe Troni, atribuído (Turim, 1739-Lisboa, 1810) - Google Cultural Institute
  • Nicolaes Visscher - Pharnambuci (Pernambuco, Brazil)
  • Oil platform P-51 (Brazil)
  • Pedro Américo - D. Pedro II na abertura da Assembléia Geral
  • Pedro II of Brazil - Brady-Handy
  • Pedro II of Brazil by Nadar
  • Proclamação da República by Benedito Calixto 1893
  • Red-and-green macaw (Ara chloropterus) juvenile
  • Red-legged seriema (Cariama cristata) head
  • Retrato da D. Amélia de Beauharnais - Google Art Project
  • Roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris) immature 2
  • Saffron finch (Sicalis flaveola) male
  • Savanna hawk (Buteogallus meridionalis)
  • Schopfkarakara
  • Senador Tancredo Neves
  • Southern rough-winged swallow (Stelgidopteryx ruficollis ruficollis)
  • Sugarloaf Sunrise 2
  • Teatro Municipal de São Paulo 8
  • Toco Toucan (Ramphastos toco) - 48153967707
  • Tropical kingbird (Tyrannus melancholicus)
  • Wood stork (Mycteria americana) and Yacare caiman
  • Yacare caiman (Caiman yacare) 2
  • Yellow-billed cardinal (Paroaria capitata) juvenile
  • Yellow-billed cardinal (Paroaria capitata)

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