Portal:Australia/Anniversaries/December/December 31
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- 1855 – Governor of Victoria Charles Hotham dies aged 48.
- 1935 – The cane toad is introduced into Queensland to control the cane beetle.
- 1964 – Donald Campbell sets a new land speed record at Dumbleyung Lake, Western Australia of 276.33 mph (442 km/h).
- 2005 – Sections of the Trans-Australian Railway near Nurina on the Nullarbor Plain were washed away by flooding, halting passenger and freight services for up to five days.