Political party strength in Minnesota

The following table indicates the party of elected officials in the U.S. state of Minnesota:

The table also indicates the historical party composition in the:

For years in which a United States presidential election was held, the table indicates which party's nominees received the state's electoral votes.

Not all legislative vacancies are depicted on this table.[a] For additional detail, find the appropriate legislative session at List of Minnesota state legislatures.

Pre-statehood (1849–1857)

Year Executive offices Territorial Legislature United States Congress
Governor Territorial Secretary Attorney General Auditor Treasurer Terr. Senate Terr. House Delegate
1849 Alexander Ramsey (W)[b] Charles K. Smith (W) Lorenzo A. Babcock (W) Jonathan E. McKusick (W) Calvin A. Tuttle (W) 6D, 2W, 1? 12D, 4W, 2? Henry Hastings Sibley (D)[c]
1850
1851 Alexander C. Wilkin (W) 8D, 7?, 3W
5D, 4?, 2W
1852 Abraham Van Vorhes (W) 7D, 2W 10D, 5?, 3W
1853 Willis A. Gorman (D)[d] Joseph Rosser (D) LaFayette Emmett (D) Socrates Nelson (D) George W. Prescott (D) 13D, 3W, 2? Henry M. Rice (D)[c]
1854 Julius Georgii (D) Charles E. Leonard (D) 9D 13D, 5W
1855 13D, 4?, 1R
1856 9D, 4?, 2R 18D, 12R, 9?
8D, 4?, 2R 19D, 11R, 9?
6D, 4?, 2R
1857 Samuel Medary (D)[e] Charles L. Chase (D) George W. Armstrong (D) 6D, 5R, 4? 20R, 18D William W. Kingsbury (D)[c]
20R, 19D
19R, 19D
20R, 19D
20D, 17R 43D, 37R

1858–2002

Year Executive offices State Legislature Judicial United States Congress Electoral
votes
Governor Lt. Governor Secretary
of State 		Attorney
General 		Auditor Treasurer State Senate State House Clerk of the
Supreme Court 		U.S. Senator
(Class I)		 U.S. Senator
(Class II)		 U.S.
House
1858 Henry Hastings Sibley (D) William Holcombe (D) Francis Baasen (D) Charles H. Berry (D) William F. Dunbar (D) George W. Armstrong (D) 20D, 17R 43D, 37R Jacob J. Noah (D) Henry M. Rice (D) James Shields (D) 2D
1859 19D, 18R[f] 49R, 31D[f] Morton S. Wilkinson (R) 2R
1860 Alexander Ramsey (R)[g] Ignatius L. Donnelly (R)[h] James H. Baker (R) Gordon E. Cole (R) Charles Scheffer (R) 23R, 13D, 1I 58R, 22D Lincoln/
Hamlin (R) Y
1861 Charles McIlrath (R) 19R, 2D 40R, 2D Andrew J. Van Vorhes (R)
1862 David Blakeley (R) 16R, 5D 30R, 10D, 2UD
1863 Henry A. Swift (R)[i] 29R, 12D, 1UD
Henry A. Swift (R)[i] vacant Alexander Ramsey (R)
1864 Stephen Miller (R) Charles D. Sherwood (R) 17R, 4D 27R, 11D, 4UD George F. Potter (R)[j] Lincoln/
Johnson (NU) Y
1865 32R, 10D Daniel Sheldon Norton (R)[k]
1866 William Rainey Marshall (R) Thomas H. Armstrong (R) William J. Colvill (R) 16R, 5D 29R, 13D
1867 17R, 5D 37R, 9D, 1? Sherwood Hough (R)[l]
1868 Henry C. Rogers (R) Francis R. E. Cornell (R) Emil D. Munch (R) 15R, 7D 34R, 13D Grant/
Colfax (R) Y
1869 16R, 6D 38R, 9D 1R, 1D
1870 Horace Austin (R) William H. Yale (R) Hans Mattson (R) William Windom (R)[m]
1871 14R, 8D 27R, 20D Ozora P. Stearns (R) 2R
William Windom (R)[n]
1872 Samuel P. Jennison (R) William Seeger (R)[o] 29R, 12D 73R, 33D Grant/
Wilson (R) Y
1873 Orlan P. Whitcomb (R) Edwin W. Dyke (R)[p] 31R, 10D 79R, 27D 3R
1874 Cushman K. Davis (R) Alphonso Barto (R) George P. Wilson (R) Edwin W. Dyke (D)[q] 28R, 13D 58R, 48D
1875 21R, 18D, 2I 54R, 48D, 4I Samuel J. R. McMillan (R)
1876 John S. Pillsbury (R) James Wakefield (R) John S. Irgens (R) William Pfaender (R) 27R, 14D 74R, 32D Sam Nichols (R)[r] Hayes/
Wheeler (R) Y
1877 26R, 15D 77R, 29D
1878 29R, 12D 66R, 40D
1879 23R, 16D, 2GB[s] 73R, 30D, 3GB[s] 2R, 1D
1880 Charles A. Gilman (R) Frederick Von Baumbach (R) Charles M. Start (R)[h] Charles Kittelson (R) Garfield/
Arthur (R) Y
1881 William John Hahn (R)[t] 29R, 11D, 1? 87R, 15D, 1? Alonzo J. Edgerton (R)[m] 3R
1882 Lucius Frederick Hubbard (R) William W. Braden (R) William Windom (R)
1883 36R, 10D, 1I 72R, 28D, 2I, 1? Dwight M. Sabin (R) 5R
1884 Blaine/
Logan (R) N
1885 30R, 17D 70R, 33D
1886
1887 Andrew Ryan McGill (R) Albert E. Rice (R) Hans Mattson (R) Moses E. Clapp (R) Joseph Bobleter (R) 30R, 16D, 1FA 66R, 34D, 3FA John David Jones (R)[u] Cushman K. Davis (R)[k] 3D, 2R
1888 Harrison/
Morton (R) Y
1889 William Rush Merriam (R) 89R, 9D, 3I, 2FA William D. Washburn (R) 5R
1890
1891 Gideon S. Ives (R) Frederick P. Brown (R) Adolph Biermann (D) 25R, 16D, 13P[v] 52D, 43R, 19FA[w] Charles P. Holcomb (R) 3D, 1R, 1P
1892 Harrison/
Reid (R) N
1893 Knute Nelson (R)[g] David Marston Clough (R) Henry W. Childs (R) 71R, 41D, 2Pop 4R, 2D, 1Pop
1894
1895 David Marston Clough (R)[x] Frank A. Day (R) Albert Berg (R) Robert C. Dunn (R) August T. Koerner (R) 46R, 5Pop, 3D 95R, 10D, 9Pop Darius F. Reese (R)[y] Knute Nelson (R)[k] 7R
1896 McKinley/
Hobart (R) Y
1897 John L. Gibbs (R) 90R, 13Pop, 11D
1898
1899 John Lind (D)[z] Lyndon A. Smith (R) Wallace B. Douglas (R)[aa] 44R, 18D, 1I 93R, 25D, 1I
1900 McKinley/
Roosevelt (R) Y
Charles A. Towne (D)[m]
1901 Samuel Rinnah Van Sant (R) Peter E. Hanson (R) Julius H. Block (R) 96R, 17D, 6Pop Moses E. Clapp (R)
1902
1903 Ray W. Jones (R) Samuel G. Iverson (R) 52R, 11D 104R, 15D C. A. Pidgeon (R)[h] 8R, 1D
1904 William J. Donahower (R)[m] Roosevelt/
Fairbanks (R) Y
1905 John Albert Johnson (D)[k] Edward T. Young (R) 109R, 10D 9R
1906
1907 Adolph Olson Eberhart (R) Julius A. Schmahl (R) Clarence C. Dinehart (R)[k] 43R, 19D, 1Pop 102R, 14D, 3Proh 8R, 1D
1908 Taft/
Sherman (R) Y
1909 Adolph Olson Eberhart (R)[x] Edward Everett Smith[i] George T. Simpson (R) 94R, 22D, 3Proh
1910 Elias S. Pettijohn (R)[m] Irving A. Caswell (R)[t][ab]
1911 Samuel Y. Gordon (R) Walter J. Smith (R)[h] 42R, 19D, 2I 88R, 26D, 4Proh, 1IR, 1Soc
1912 Lyndon A. Smith (R)[k] Roosevelt/
Johnson (Prog) N
1913 Joseph A. A. Burnquist (R) 98R, 20D, 1 Proh, 1Soc
1914
1915 Winfield Scott Hammond (D)[k] J. A. O. Preus (R) Conservative
majority[ac] 		Conservative
majority[ac] 		9R, 1D
1916 Joseph A. A. Burnquist (R)[x] George H. Sullivan[i] Arthur C. Gooding (R)[m] Hughes/
Fairbanks (R) N
1917 Thomas Frankson (R) Henry Rines (R)[h] Frank B. Kellogg (R)
1918 Clifford L. Hilton (R)[t][aa]
1919 Herman J. Mueller (R)[ad] 9R, 1FL
1920 Harding/
Coolidge (R) Y
1921 J. A. O. Preus (R) Louis L. Collins (R) Mike Holm (R)[k] Ray P. Chase (R) 10R
1922
1923 Grace F. Kaercher (R) Henrik Shipstead (FL) Magnus Johnson (FL) 8R, 2FL
1924 Coolidge/
Dawes (R) Y
1925 Theodore Christianson (R) William I. Nolan (R)[h] Edward W. Stark (R)[m] Thomas D. Schall (R)[k] 7R, 3FL
1926
1927 Albert F. Pratt (R)[m][k] Julius A. Schmahl (R) 8R, 2FL
1928 G. Aaron Youngquist (R)[t][h] Hoover/
Curtis (R) Y
1929 Charles Edward Adams (R)[i] Henry N. Benson (R)[t] 9R, 1FL
1930
1931 Floyd B. Olson (FL)[k] Henry M. Arens (FL) Stafford King (R)[h]
1932 Roosevelt/
Garner (D) Y
1933 Konrad K. Solberg (FL) Harry H. Peterson (FL)[aa] Liberal
majority 		5FL, 3R, 1D
1934
1935 Hjalmar Petersen (FL) Conservative
majority 		Russell O. Gunderson (FL)[ae] Elmer A. Benson (FL)[m] 5R, 3FL, 1D
1936 Hjalmar Petersen (FL)[i] William B. Richardson (R)[af] William S. Ervin (FL)[m] Guy V. Howard (R)
1937 Elmer A. Benson (FL) Gottfrid Lindsten (FL) C. A. Halverson (FL) Liberal
majority 		Ernest Lundeen (FL)[k] 5FL, 3R, 1D
1938
1939 Harold Stassen (R)[h] C. Elmer Anderson (R) Joseph A. A. Burnquist (R) Julius A. Schmahl (R) Conservative
majority 		Grace F. Kaercher (R) 7R, 1D, 1FL
1940 Roosevelt/
Wallace (D) Y
1941 Henrik Shipstead (R) Joseph H. Ball (R)[m] 8R, 1FL
1942 Arthur E. Nelson (R)
1943 Edward J. Thye (R)
Edward J. Thye (R)[x] Archie H. Miller (R)[i] Joseph H. Ball (R)
1944 Roosevelt/
Truman (D) Y
1945 C. Elmer Anderson (R) 7R, 2DFL[ag]
1946
1947 Luther Youngdahl (R)[h] Edward J. Thye (R) 8R, 1DFL
1948 Truman/
Barkley (D) Y
1949 Hubert Humphrey (DFL)[ah] 5R, 4DFL
1950
1951 C. Elmer Anderson (R)[x] vacant Val Bjornson (R) 51C, 16L 87C, 44L
1952 H. H. Chesterman[m] Eisenhower/
Nixon (R) Y
Virginia Paul Holm (R)[t]
1953 Ancher Nelsen (R)[ai] 52C, 15L 85C, 46L
1954 Donald O. Wright (R)[i]
1955 Orville Freeman (DFL) Karl Rolvaag (DFL) Joseph L. Donovan (DFL) Miles Lord (DFL)[h] Arthur Hansen (DFL) 48C, 19L 66L, 65C Frank Larkin (DFL) 5DFL, 4R
1956
1957 Val Bjornson (R) 70L, 61C [aj]
1958
1959 43C, 24L 72L, 59C Eugene McCarthy (DFL) 5R, 4DFL
1960 Walter Mondale (DFL)[t][g] Kennedy/
Johnson (D) Y
1961 Elmer L. Andersen (R)[ak] 6R, 3DFL
1962
1963 Karl Rolvaag (DFL)[ak] Sandy Keith (DFL) 80C, 54L, 1I 4R, 4DFL
1964 Johnson/
Humphrey (D) Y
Robert W. Mattson Sr. (DFL)[m] Walter Mondale (DFL)[t][ah]
1965 44C, 23L 78C, 56L, 1I
1966
1967 Harold LeVander (R) James B. Goetz (R) Douglas M. Head (R) 45C, 22L 93C, 42L 5R, 3DFL
1968 Humphrey/
Muskie (D) N
1969 William J. O'Brien (R)[m] 85C, 50L
1970
1971 Wendell Anderson (DFL)[g] Rudy Perpich (DFL) Arlen Erdahl (R) Warren Spannaus (DFL) Rolland Hatfield (R) 34C, 33L 70C, 65L Hubert Humphrey (DFL)[k] 4R, 4DFL
1972 Nixon/
Agnew (R) Y
1973 37DFL, 30R 77DFL, 57R
1974 36DFL, 31R[3]
1975 Joan Growe (DFL) Bob Mattson (DFL) Jim Lord (DFL) 38DFL, 28IR,[al] 1I 104DFL, 30IR 5DFL, 3R
1976 103DFL, 31IR[4] Carter/
Mondale (D) Y
Rudy Perpich (DFL)[i] Alec G. Olson (DFL)[i] Wendell Anderson (DFL)[m][h]
1977 49DFL, 18IR 104DFL, 30IR 4DFL, 4R
1978 48DFL, 19IR[3] 99DFL, 35IR[am] Muriel Humphrey (DFL)[m]
1979 Al Quie (IR) Lou Wangberg (IR) Arne Carlson (IR) 47DFL, 20IR 67DFL, 67IR[an] David Durenberger (IR) Rudy Boschwitz (IR)[ao]
1980 45DFL, 22IR[3] 68DFL, 66IR[ap] Carter/
Mondale (D) N
1981 70DFL, 64IR 5R, 3DFL
1982 44DFL, 23IR[3]
1983 Rudy Perpich (DFL) Marlene Johnson (DFL) Skip Humphrey (DFL) Robert W. Mattson Jr. (DFL) 42DFL, 25IR 77DFL, 57IR 5DFL, 3R
1984 76DFL, 58IR[4] Mondale/
Ferraro (D) N
1985 42DFL, 24IR, 1I[aq] 69IR, 65DFL
1986 43DFL, 24IR[ar]
1987 Michael McGrath (DFL) 47DFL, 20IR 83DFL, 51IR
1988 46DFL, 21IR[3] 82DFL, 52IR[4] Dukakis/
Bentsen (D) N
1989 44DFL, 23IR[3] 81DFL, 53IR
1990 80DFL, 54IR[4]
1991 Arne Carlson (IR) Joanell Dyrstad (IR) Mark Dayton (DFL) 46DFL, 21IR Paul Wellstone (DFL)[k] 6DFL, 2R
1992 78DFL, 56IR[4] Clinton/
Gore (D) Y
1993 45DFL, 22IR 87DFL, 47IR
1994 84DFL, 50IR
1995 Joanne Benson (IR) Judi Dutcher (IR) 43DFL, 24IR 71DFL, 63IR Rod Grams (R)
1996 42DFL, 25R 69DFL, 65R[4]
1997 42DFL, 24R, 1I 70DFL, 64R
1998
1999 Jesse Ventura (Ref) Mae Schunk (Ref) Mary Kiffmeyer (R) Mike Hatch (DFL) Carol C. Johnson (DFL) 40DFL, 26R, 1I 71R, 63DFL
2000 Jesse Ventura (IPM)[7] Mae Schunk (IPM) Judi Dutcher (DFL)[as] 41DFL, 25R, 1I[at] 70R, 63DFL, 1I[au] Gore/
Lieberman (D) N
2001 39DFL, 27R, 1IPM 69R, 65DFL Mark Dayton (DFL) 5DFL, 3R
2002 70R, 64DFL[4]
Dean Barkley (IPM)[m]

2003–present

Year Executive offices State Legislature United States Congress Electoral
votes
Governor Lt. Governor Secretary
of State 		Attorney
General 		Auditor State Senate State House U.S. Senator
(Class I) 		U.S. Senator
(Class II) 		U.S.
House
2003 Tim Pawlenty (R) Carol Molnau (R) Mary Kiffmeyer (R) Mike Hatch (DFL) Patricia Anderson (R) 35DFL, 31R, 1IPM 81R, 53DFL Mark Dayton (DFL) Norm Coleman (R) 4DFL, 4R
2004 Kerry/
Edwards (D) N
2005 68R, 66DFL
2006 37DFL, 29R, 1IPM[3]
2007 Mark Ritchie (DFL) Lori Swanson (DFL) Rebecca Otto (DFL) 44DFL, 23R 85DFL, 49R Amy Klobuchar (DFL) 5DFL, 3R
44DFL, 22R[av]
2008 Obama/
Biden (D) Y
45DFL, 22R[aw] 85DFL, 48R, 1IR[ax]
2009 46DFL, 21R[3] 87DFL, 47R Al Franken (DFL)[h]
2010
2011 Mark Dayton (DFL) Yvonne Prettner Solon (DFL) 37R, 30DFL 72R, 62DFL 4DFL, 4R
2012
2013 39DFL, 28R 73DFL, 61R 5DFL, 3R
2014
2015 Tina Smith (DFL)[g] Steve Simon (DFL) 72R, 62DFL
2016 73R, 61DFL[4] Clinton/
Kaine (D) N
2017 34R, 33DFL 77R, 57DFL
2018 Michelle Fischbach (R)[i] 33R, 33DFL Tina Smith (DFL)[t]
2019 Tim Walz (DFL) Peggy Flanagan (DFL) Keith Ellison (DFL) Julie Blaha (DFL) 35R, 32DFL[ay] 75DFL, 59R[az]
2020 Biden/
Harris (D) Y
2021 34R, 31DFL, 2I[ba] 70DFL, 64R[bb] 4DFL, 4R
2022 69DFL, 64R, 1I[bc]
2023 34DFL, 33R 70DFL, 64R
2024 Harris/
Walz (D) N
2025 67R, 66DFL[bd]
67R, 67DFL[be]
67R, 66DFL[bf]
Key to party colors and abbreviations for members of the U.S. Congress and other politicians or officials
Alaskan Independence (AKIP)
Know Nothing (KN)
American Labor (AL)
Anti-Jacksonian (Anti-J)
National Republican (NR)
Anti-Administration (AA)
Anti-Masonic (Anti-M)
Conservative (Con)
Covenant (Cov)
Democratic (D)
Democratic–Farmer–Labor (DFL)
Democratic–NPL (D-NPL)
Dixiecrat (Dix),
States' Rights (SR)
Democratic-Republican (DR)
Farmer–Labor (FL)
Federalist (F)
Pro-Administration (PA)
Free Soil (FS)
Fusion (Fus)
Greenback (GB)
Independence (IPM)
Independent Democrat (ID)
Independent Republican (IR)
Jacksonian (J)
Liberal (Lib)
Libertarian (L)
National Union (NU)
Nonpartisan League (NPL)
Nullifier (N)
Opposition Northern (O)
Opposition Southern (O)
Populist (Pop)
Progressive (Prog)
Prohibition (Proh)
Readjuster (Rea)
Republican (R)
Silver (Sv)
Silver Republican (SvR)
Socialist (Soc)
Union (U)
Unconditional Union (UU)
Vermont Progressive (VP)
Whig (W)
Independent (I)
Nonpartisan (NP)
  1. ^ Many vacancies are brief, don't occur during the legislative year, do not change party balance, or are otherwise non-notable. These have been omitted for the sake of brevity.
  2. ^ Territorial governor appointed by President Zachary Taylor.
  3. ^ a b c Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives from Minnesota Territory.
  4. ^ Territorial governor appointed by President Franklin Pierce.
  5. ^ Territorial governor appointed by President James Buchanan.
  6. ^ a b Although legislators were elected, it was determined that an 1858-59 session was unnecessary due to the protracted length of the 1857-58 session; hence, these legislators never convened and were never sworn in.
  7. ^ a b c d e Resigned to become U.S. Senator.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Resigned.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Succeeded to office following death or resignation of previous officeholder.
  10. ^ Lost renomination.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Died in office.
  12. ^ Lost renomination.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Appointed by governor to fill vacancy.
  14. ^ Resigned to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
  15. ^ Resigned following impeachment but before trial by Minnesota Senate.[1]
  16. ^ Appointed by governor to fill vacancy in early 1873. Later elected to office in his own right as a Democrat.
  17. ^ Dyke did not win the endorsement of the Republican Party in 1873, but sought the Democratic endorsement and won with it.
  18. ^ Lost renomination.
  19. ^ a b Due to a constitutional amendment, effective with the election of 1878, terms for senators became four years and terms for representatives became two years.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i Appointed to fill the remainder of the previous officeholder's term. Later elected in their own right.
  21. ^ Lost renomination.
  22. ^ Elected a Republican President Pro Tempore, John B. Sanborn, and organized the chamber.
  23. ^ A coalition of Democrats and members of the Farmers' Alliance organized the chamber and elected an Alliance Speaker, Ezra T. Champlin.[2]
  24. ^ a b c d e Succeeded to office following death or resignation of previous officeholder. Later elected to office in his or her own right.
  25. ^ Lost renomination.
  26. ^ Had also been endorsed by the Populists/
    Silver Republicans.
  27. ^ a b c Resigned following appointment to Minnesota Supreme Court.
  28. ^ Lost renomination.
  29. ^ a b After a constitutional amendment in 1912, the Minnesota Legislature was nonpartisan until 1973. It went into effect in 1915 Legislators caucused as "conservatives" and "liberals," roughly equivalent to Republicans and Democrats/Farmer Laborites.
  30. ^ Lost renomination.
  31. ^ Lost renomination.
  32. ^ Served as acting lieutenant governor; never took the oath of office.
  33. ^ The Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party merged into the Minnesota Democratic Party in 1944.
  34. ^ a b Resigned to become Vice President of the United States.
  35. ^ Resigned to become administrator of the Rural Electrification Administration.
  36. ^ Constitutional amendment passed in 1956 making the clerk an appointed, nonpartisan position.
  37. ^ a b A recount and subsequent litigation lasting 139 days delayed Karl Rolvaag's inauguration as governor.
  38. ^ From 1975 until 1995, the Republican Party of Minnesota was called the Independent–Republican Party of Minnesota.
  39. ^ A series of special elections and party switches led to the composition in the 1978 session.[4]
  40. ^ With the split chamber, a power-sharing agreement was negotiated. A Republican Speaker, Rod Searle, was elected, but Democrats received control of most committees. The tie was broken when a Republican, Robert Pavlak, was expelled from the chamber on May 19, 1979 on a party-line vote due to a legal and ethical violations. The agreement of shared-power held through the end of the year's session two days later, despite the Democrats' 67-66 majority.[5][6]
  41. ^ Appointed by governor to fill vacancy, having already been elected to next full term.
  42. ^ A special election was held for Pavlak's seat in District 67A. A Democrat, Frank J. Rodriguez, Jr., was elected, giving the Democrats a constitutional majority. With that, they reorganized the chamber under their control in the 1980 session.[5][4]
  43. ^ A party switch from Republican to Independent by Charles Berg led to the composition in the 1985 session.[3]
  44. ^ A party switch from Independent to DFL by Charles Berg led to the composition in the 1986 session.[3]
  45. ^ Dutcher switched parties in 2000.
  46. ^ A series of special elections and party switches led to the composition in the 2000 session.[4]
  47. ^ A party switch from Republican to Independent by Doug Reuter led to the composition in the 2000 session.[4]
  48. ^ In December 2007, Republican Tom Neuville resigned to accept a District Court appointment.
  49. ^ In January 2008, Democrat Kevin Dahle was elected in a special election to succeed Republican Tom Neuville.
  50. ^ In July 2008, Republican incumbent Ron Erhardt became an independent.
  51. ^ A seat flipped from Democratic to Republican in February through a special election.[8]
  52. ^ Four Republicans announced on December 8, 2018, they would not join the Republican caucus in the 91st Legislature and would instead form their own caucus, the "New House Republican Caucus."[9]
  53. ^ Tom Bakk and David Tomassoni were re-elected as Democrats in the 2020 election, but switched to Independent immediately after.
  54. ^ Five Republicans do not caucus with the Republican minority, see note [an]
  55. ^ In addition to the five Republicans that do not caucus with the Republic Minority, representative John Thompson was expelled from the Democratic-Farmer-Labor caucus
  56. ^ The result of the 2024 House election in District 40B was annulled, giving Republicans a temporary majority. A special election was held to fill the seat.
  57. ^ Elected a Republican speaker.
  58. ^ Following the assassination of DFL leader Melissa Hortman, Republicans regained the majority.

See also

References

  1. ^ Nordby, Mary Jane Morrison. Foreword by Jack (2002). The Minnesota state constitution : a reference guide. Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Press. p. 10. ISBN 0-313-28411-3.
  2. ^ "Speakers of the Minnesota House of Representatives, 1849-present - Minnesota Legislative Reference Library". www.lrl.mn.gov. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Party Control of the Minnesota Senate - Minnesota Legislative Reference Library". www.leg.mn.gov.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Party Control of the Minnesota House of Representatives - Minnesota Legislative Reference Library". www.leg.mn.gov.
  5. ^ a b Loepp, Daniel (1999). Sharing the balance of power : an examination of shared power in the Michigan House of Representatives, 1993-94. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 24. ISBN 0472097024. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
  6. ^ "Journal of the House" (PDF). Minnesota Legislature. Minnesota State Legislature. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
  7. ^ "Ventura Leaving Reform Party". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2021-06-05.
  8. ^ Van Oot, Torey. "Republican Jason Rarick wins Minnesota Senate seat vacated by Democrat". Star Tribune. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
  9. ^ Bakst, Brian (December 8, 2018). "Renegade House members split from GOP caucus". Minnesota Public Radio. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
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