Paedagogus (occupation)
In the ancient Greece, a paidagogos παιδαγωγός (Ancient greek) was a slave entrusted with supervising boys from the age of seven and in Roman Republic, the paedagogus, plural paedagogi or paedagogiani,[1] was a slave or a freedman who taught the sons of Roman citizens[2] the Greek language.[3] In the period of the Roman Empire, the paedagogus became the director of the paedagogium.[3]
There were no public schools in the early Roman Republic so boys were taught to read and write by their parents or by educated paedagogi, usually of Greek origin.[4][5][6]
A representation of a paedagogus was painted as a graffito on the walls of the paedagogium of the Palatine, and it represents his social and cultural formation, which is identified such a slave.[1]
An inscription of the second century dedicated to the Roman emperor Caracalla lists twenty-four paedagogi.[2] In some cases, the title of paedagogus is connected with private elite families.[7][8][9]
Being a paedagogus meant obeying conduct and duty laws.[2]
In the imperial institution, the title of paedagogus refers to the duty of child-attendant or tutor rather than a teacher.[10] The other title of paedagogus refers to a variety of interrelated capacities related to the offspring of the imperial family and aristocracy: disciplina (academic and moral instruction), custodia (companion and protector) and decorum (directives of precepts for public behaviour).[11] There is a third title which appears in three inscriptions and means the director of the paedagogium (praeceptor).[12]
References
- ^ a b Keegan 2013, p. 70.
- ^ a b c Keegan 2013, p. 73.
- ^ a b Lara Peinado, Federico; Cabrero Piquero, Javier; Cordente Vaquero, Félix; Pino Cano, Juan Antonio (2009). Diccionario de instituciones de la Antigüedad (in Spanish) (1ª ed.). Fuenlabrada (Madrid): Ediciones Cátedra (Grupo Anaya, Sociedad Anónima). p. 409. ISBN 9788437626123.
- ^ Lecture 13: A Brief Social History of the Roman Empire by Steven Kreis. Written 11 October 2006. Retrieved 2 April 2007.
- ^ Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 211. ISBN 0-19-512332-8.
- ^ Werner, Paul (1978). Life in Rome in Ancient Times. Geneva: Editions Minerva S.A. p. 31.
- ^ CIL 6.8982-6. Dedication (October, AD 198)
- ^ CIL VI, 7290; CIL VI, 9740.
- ^ Cf. Dig. 33.7.12.32
- ^ Mohler, S. L. (1940). "Slave Education in the Roman Empire". Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 71: 267–273. doi:10.2307/283128. JSTOR 283128.
- ^ Bradley 1991, pp. 37–64.
- ^ Bradley 1991, pp. 71–72.
Bibliography
- Bradley, Keith R. (1991). Discovering the Roman Family: Studies in Roman Social History. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-505857-7.
- Keegan, Peter (2013). "Reading the Pages of the Domus Caesaris: Pueri Delicati, Slave Education, and the Graffiti of the Palatine Paedagogium". In George, Michele (ed.). Roman Slavery and Roman Material Culture. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-4426-4457-1.