Nymphaea × helvola

Nymphaea × helvola
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Family: Nymphaeaceae
Genus: Nymphaea
Subgenus: Nymphaea subg. Nymphaea
Species:
N. × helvola
Binomial name
Nymphaea × helvola
M.Vilm.[1]

Nymphaea × helvola is an artificial waterlily hybrid of Nymphaea mexicana with Nymphaea tetragona[2][1] or Nymphaea pygmaea,[3][4][5][6] which has been naturalised in India.[7][8]

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Nymphaea × helvola is a rhizomatous,[9] perennial,[10] aquatic[11] herb.[10] The small,[6] dark green,[12] oval[13] to orbiculate leaf with an entire margin[14] is 5[13]–12 cm long,[15] and 7 cm wide.[13] The leaf displays brown to red marbling and spotting.[12]

Generative characteristics

The small,[6] yellow,[14] fragrant,[14][15] 3–4 cm wide flowers[16][12] float on the water surface.[5][12] The sepals are green on the abaxial surface and yellow on the adaxial surface.[13] The flowers have 16–19[13][12] lanceolate,[12] 2 cm long, and 1 cm wide petals.[13] The stamens are yellow.[12]

Taxonomy

It was described by Maurice de Vilmorin in 1891.[1][17] It is placed in the subgenus Nymphaea subg. Nymphaea.[3]

Etymology

The hybrid name helvola means pale yellow.[18][19] The flowers are pale yellow.[11]

Hybridisation

It is a hybrid of Nymphaea mexicana with Nymphaea tetragona[2] or Nymphaea pygmaea.[3][4]

Distribution

It has been naturalised in Tam Dil, Mizoram, India.[7][8][20][21]

Cultivation

It is cultivated in small ponds, small water gardens,[9] and aquaria[6][22] in shallow, 20–25 cm deep water.[16][23]

References

  1. ^ a b c Nymphaea × helvola M.Vilm. (n.d.-b). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77325436-1
  2. ^ a b Schou, J. C., Moeslund, B., Weyer, K. v. d., Wiegleb, G., Lansdown, R. V., Holm, P., Baastrup-Spohr, L., Sand-Jensen, K. (2023). Aquatic Plants of Northern and Central Europe Including Britain and Ireland. p. 71. United States: Princeton University Press.
  3. ^ a b c International Waterlily & Water Gardening Society. (n.d.). Nymphaea “Helvola.” IWGS Plant Database. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://plants.iwgs.org/Home/PlantDetail?taxonID=129329
  4. ^ a b International Waterlily & Water Gardening Society. (n.d.-b). Nymphaea “Pygmaea helvola.” IWGS Plant Database. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://plants.iwgs.org/Home/PlantDetail?taxonID=107796
  5. ^ a b Bisset, P. (2015). The Water Gardening Idea Book: How to Build, Plant, and Maintain Ponds, Fountains, and Basins. United States: Skyhorse Publishing.
  6. ^ a b c d Möllers Deutsche Gärtner-Zeitung. p. 136. (1895). Germany: Ludwig Möller.
  7. ^ a b Singh, K. K., Zirthangmawia, J. C., Usha, K., & Das, K. C. (2018, December). Life-form characteristics and biological spectrum of the aquatic macrophytes in Ṭam Dil, a natural lake in Mizoram. In Mizoram Science Congress 2018 (MSC 2018) (pp. 52-55). Atlantis Press.
  8. ^ a b Singh, K., & Zirthangmawia, J. (2021). Determining the primary productivity of the macrophytes in Tamdil Lake, Mizoram, Northeast India. Sci Technol J, 9, 83-88.
  9. ^ a b Nymphaea “Pygmaea helvola.” (n.d.). Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=261596&isprofile=1&gen=Nymphaea
  10. ^ a b National Gardening Association. (n.d.). Hardy Water Lily (Nymphaea ’Helvola’). Garden.org. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://garden.org/plants/view/194993/Hardy-Water-Lily-Nymphaea-Helvola/
  11. ^ a b Nymphaea “Helvola.” (n.d.). Chicago Botanic Garden. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://www.chicagobotanic.org/plantcollections/plantfinder/nymphaea_helvola--helvola_hardy_waterlily
  12. ^ a b c d e f g Breukel, H. (2010). Nymphaea “Helvola.” Seerosenforum.de Das Portal Der Seerose. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://www.seerosenforum.de/wsSorten/Helvola/Helvola.aspx
  13. ^ a b c d e f Wilstermann-Hildebrand, M. (n.d.). Seerosen aus den Gattungen Nymphaea, Euryale und Viktoria. Heimbiotop. Retrieved June 25, 2025, from https://www.heimbiotop.de/seerosen.html#helvola
  14. ^ a b c Gilman, E. F. (1999, October). Nymphaea x ‘Pygmaea Helvola.’ University of Florida.
  15. ^ a b Nymphaea × helvola. (n.d.). Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/83743/nymphaea-helvola/details
  16. ^ a b Christmann, A. (2008). Gartenteiche. p. 53. Germany: GRÄFE UND UNZER Verlag GmbH.
  17. ^ Nymphaea × helvola M.Vilm. (n.d.). International Plant Names Index. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://www.ipni.org/n/77325436-1
  18. ^ Lord, K. (2021, July 28). Yellow club fungus (Clavulinopsis helvola). The Lawn Man. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from https://thelawnman.co.uk/yellow-club-fungus-clavulinopsis-helvola/
  19. ^ Species: Zimmermannella helvola. (n.d.). LPSN - List of Prokaryotic Names With Standing in Nomenclature. Retrieved June 25, 2025, from https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/zimmermannella-helvola
  20. ^ Singh, K. K., Das, K. C., Usha, K., Mualchin, L., Lalrinpuii, H., Ralte, V., ... & Das, S. (2025). Species diversity, distribution and biomass variability of the macrophyte community in Tamdil Lake, India. Vegetos, 1-11.
  21. ^ Singh, K. K., Singh, K. K., Usha, K., Das, S., & Singh, S. S. (2022). Evaluation of seasonal dynamics of the surface water hydrochemistry using multivariate statistical techniques and aquatic macrophyte productivity in a mountainous lake, Northeast India. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(45), 69048-69067.
  22. ^ Zeitschrift für Bildende Gartenkunst. p. 276. (1897). Germany: Bodo Grundmann.
  23. ^ Hensel, W., Hudak, R., Leute, A., Mayer, J. (2011). Garten - Das Grüne von GU: Gartenpraxis Schritt für Schritt. Germany: GRÄFE UND UNZER Verlag GmbH.