Nuclear power by country

Nuclear power plants operate in 31 countries and generate about a tenth of the world's electricity.[2] Most are in Europe, North America and East Asia. The United States is the largest producer of nuclear power, while France has the largest share of electricity generated by nuclear power, at about 65%.[3]

Some countries operated nuclear reactors in the past but have no operating nuclear power plants at present. Among them, Italy closed all of its nuclear stations by 1990 and nuclear power has since been discontinued because of the 1987 referendums. Lithuania closed its nuclear station at 2009 because it was of the dangerous RBMK reactor type. Kazakhstan phased out nuclear power in 1999 but is planning to reintroduce it possibly by 2035 under referendum.[4] Germany operated nuclear plants since 1960 until the completion of its phaseout policy in 2023. Austria (Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant) and the Philippines (Bataan Nuclear Power Plant) never started to use their first nuclear plants that were completely built.

Sweden and Belgium originally had phase-out policies however they have now moved away from their original plans. The Philippines relaunched their nuclear programme on February 28, 2022 and may try to operate the 1984 mothballed Bataan Plant.[5][6]

As of 2020, Poland was in advanced planning phase for 1.5 GW and planned to have up to 9 GW by 2040.[7] Hong Kong has no nuclear power plants within its boundary, but imports 80% of the electricity generated from Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station located across the border, in which the power company of the territory holds stake.[8][9] In 2021, Iraq declared it was planning to build 8 nuclear reactors by 2030 to supply up to 25% electric power in a grid that was suffering from shortages.[10]

Overview

See also: List of commercial nuclear reactors

Of the 31 countries in which nuclear power plants operate, only France, Slovakia, and Ukraine use them as the source for a majority of the country's electricity supply as of 2024. Other countries have significant amounts of nuclear power generation capacity. By far the largest nuclear electricity producers are the United States with 781,945 GWh of nuclear electricity in 2024, followed by China with 417,518 GWh.[2] As of June 2025, 416 reactors with a net capacity of 376,261 MWe were operational, and 62 reactors with net capacity of 65,040 MWe were under construction.[11] Of the reactors under construction, 29 reactors with 30,847 MWe were in China and 6 reactors with a capacity of 4,768 MWe were in India.[12]

Nuclear power by country[2]
Country Reactors Capacity
(MW) 		Generation
(GWh) 		%
total 		Capacity
factor
In
use 		Suspended Being
built
 World 416 23 62 379,000 2,617,530 8.48% 84.6%
 Argentina 3 0 1 1,641 10,449 7.4% 72.5%
 Armenia 1 0 0 416 2,629 30.8% 72.5%
 Bangladesh 0 0 2 2,160 — — —
 Belarus 2 0 0 2,220 14,735 36.3% 77%
 Belgium 5 0 0 3,908 29,732 57.3% 86.9%
 Brazil 2 0 1 1,884 14,862 2.3% 89.67%
 Bulgaria 2 0 0 2,006 15,110 41.6% 85.1%
 Canada 19 0 0 13,744 81,156 13.4% 68.2%
 China 57 0 29 55,320 417,518 4.7% 90.8%
 Czech Republic 6 0 0 3,963 28,049 40.2% 81.4%
 Egypt 0 0 4 4,400 — — —
 Finland 5 0 0 4,369 31,128 39.1% 84.1%
 France 57 0 0 63,000 364,390 67.3% 74.2%
 Hungary 4 0 0 1,916 15,163 47.1% 90.6%
 India 20 4 6 6,920 49,910 3.3% 84.4%
 Iran 1 0 1 915 6,439 1.7% 78.7%
 Japan 14 19 2 31,679 77,539 5.6% 29.5% [a]
 Mexico 2 0 0 1,552 11,978 4.8% 90.8%
 Netherlands 1 0 0 482 3,385 2.8% 80.3%
 Pakistan 6 0 1 3,262 22,783 16.7% 86.4%
 Romania 2 0 0 1,300 10,044 19.8% 90.7%
 Russia 37 0 4 27,727 202,104 17.8% 85.3%
 Slovakia 5 0 1 2,302 16,958 60.6% 87.8%
 Slovenia 1 0 0 696 5,551 35% 91.1% [b]
 South Africa 2 0 0 1,854 7,835 3.9% 47.6%
 South Korea 26 0 2 25,609 179,407 31.7% 79.6%
 Spain 7 0 0 7,123 52,129 19.9% 88.5% [c]
 Sweden 6 0 0 7,008 48,697 29.1% 82.5%
 Switzerland 4 0 0 2,973 23,033 28.6% 89.3% [d]
 Turkey 0 0 4 4,456 — — —
 Ukraine 15 0 2 13,107 81,126 55.0% 71% [e]
 United Arab Emirates 4 0 0 5,348 36,504 21.8% 89.5%
 United Kingdom 9 0 2 5,883 37,295 12.3% 72.7%
 United States 94 0 0 96,952 781,945 18.2% 92.5%

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Generation Data from 2023 Report
  2. ^ One reactor (Krško Nuclear Power Plant) located within Slovenia is co-owned by and shared between Croatia and Slovenia.
  3. ^ Phase-out planned
  4. ^ Gradual phase-out planned
  5. ^ From 2021 before the Russian invasion

References

  1. ^ "Operational & Long-Term Shutdown Reactors". IAEA. 13 April 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
  2. ^ a b c "Nuclear Share of Electricity Generation in 2024". IAEA. Retrieved 27 June 2025.
  3. ^ "Nuclear Power in France | French Nuclear Energy - World Nuclear Association". www.world-nuclear.org. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  4. ^ "Kazakhstan chooses site for second NPP". Nuclear Engineering International. 9 August 2022.
  5. ^ "Philippines relaunches nuclear energy programme : Nuclear Policies - World Nuclear News".
  6. ^ "Sweden Reverses Nuclear Phase-out Policy".
  7. ^ Wilczek, Maria (16 June 2020). "Construction of Poland's first nuclear power plant to begin in 2026". Notes From Poland. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  8. ^ "Hong Kong fallout from China's reckless nuclear ambitions".
  9. ^ "CLP to increase nuclear power imports 10pc".
  10. ^ "Iraq hopes to build 8 nuclear power reactors by 2030". Brecorder. 15 June 2021. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
  11. ^ "PRIS - Reactor status reports - Under Construction - By Country". pris.iaea.org. Retrieved 27 June 2025.
  12. ^ Nuclear Power Reactors in the World. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. 2023. ISBN 978-92-0-137123-2.

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