Nioŭda
| Nioŭda | |
|---|---|
| Native name | Нёўда (Belarusian) |
| Location | |
| Country | Belarus |
| Region | Grodno Region |
| District | Novogrudok District, Karelichy District |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • coordinates | 53°32′50″N 25°48′49″E / 53.5472°N 25.8136°E |
| • elevation | above 264.7 m |
| Mouth | Servech |
• coordinates | 53°31′50″N 26°09′59″E / 53.5306°N 26.1664°E |
• elevation | above 139.3 m |
| Length | 39 km |
| Basin size | 240 km² |
| Discharge | |
| • location | mouth |
| • average | 1.7 m³/s |
| Basin features | |
| River system | Servech / Neman / Baltic Sea |
Nioŭda (Belarusian : Нёўда) is a river in Belarus, flowing through the Novogrudok District and Karelichy District of the Grodno Region, a left tributary of the Servech. The length of the river is 39 km, and its drainage basin area is 240 km². The average annual water discharge at the mouth is 1.7 m³/s.[1]
The source of the river is located near the village of Nioŭda (Novogrudok District), 6 km south of the center of the city of Navahrudak. It flows from its source to the southeast, then turns to the east and northeast. The upper course runs through the Novogrudok District, after which the river flows into the Karelichy District.
The river flows within the Navahrudak Upland through hilly terrain intersected by deep ravines and gullies. The valley is predominantly trapezoidal, 2-3 km wide, with steep slopes up to 30 m high. The floodplain is flat, marshy in places, covered with shrubs, with a width of 100–150 m. The riverbed is very winding; from the village of Okolitsa to the mouth, it has been channelized. It receives runoff from drainage channels.[1]
The main tributaries are Kramovka, Agnesha (left); Zemchatka (right).
The river valley is densely populated; the river flows through several villages and hamlets: Zalesovtsy, Rodogoshcha, Valevka (Novogrudok District); Segda, Zarechye, Savashi (Karelichy District).
It flows into the Servech near the village of Berezovets, 5 km southeast of the center of Karelichy.
Name
M. Rudnitsky derived the name of the river Nioŭda from the Slavic ni and *vьda.[2]
V. Zhuchkevich considered that the name Nioŭda originated from the Finnish root nevo - "swamp", with the formant -da also being typical for Finno-Ugric names.[3]
V. Toporov believed that the name Nioŭda has a Baltic, Yotvingian origin and, along with other hydronyms ending in -da (Golda, Grivda, Segda, Sokolda, Yaselda), belongs to the Neman-Bug-Dnieper watershed region. He derived the element -da from the Baltic *uda "water".[4] Even earlier, in 1923, the Lithuanian linguist K. Būga proposed this direction for the interpretation of these regional hydronyms.[5]
Notes
- ^ a b Priroda Belorussii: Populyarnaya entsiklopediya. Minsk: BelSE im. P. Brovki. 1989. ISBN 5-85700-001-7.
- ^ Rudnicki, M. (1959). Prasłowiańszczyzna Lechia - Polska. Poznań. p. 189-190.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Zhuchkevich, V. A. (1974). Kratkiy toponimicheskiy slovar' Belorussii. Minsk: Izd. BGU. p. 253.
- ^ Toporov, V.N. (1962). Lingvisticheskiy analiz gidronimov Verkhnego Podneprov'ya. Moscow. p. 169-170.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Būga, K. (1923). "Jotvingių žemės upių vardų galūnė -da". Tauta ir žodis. 1: 100.
Literature
- Priroda Belorussii: Populyarnaya entsiklopediya. Minsk: BelSE im. P. Brovki. 1989. p. 599. ISBN 5-85700-001-7.