Nadezhda Kralina

Nadezhda Kralina (18 September 1923 – 25 January 2016) was a Soviet folklorist, literary scholar, and translator. She was a specialist in Udmurt folklore. She held a Candidate of Philological Sciences degree (1951) and was a laureate of the State Prize of the Udmurt ASSR (1986).

She was born in 1923 in the city of Volsk, Saratov Oblast, into a large working-class family. In 1929, the family moved to the city of Balakovo, where her father worked at a ship repair plant.

In June 1941, after graduating from high school, she enrolled in the Volsk Teacher's Institute, but the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War prevented her from beginning her studies. She worked at the Balakovo district industrial complex, and in 1942, after moving to be with her older brother in Izhevsk, she worked at the "Medvedevo" sovkhoz—an auxiliary farm for the Izhstal Plant—and later as a work assigner at the plant.

In the autumn of 1942, she was admitted without exams to the philological faculty of the Izhevsk Pedagogical Institute, where she was elected by the students as the institute's Komsomol leader.

In the spring of 1943, the Udmurt Regional Committee of the Komsomol sent her as a komsorg to the construction of the Izhevsk–Balezino railway. In October 1943, at the age of 20, she was accepted as a member of the VKP(b).

After the war, having completed her studies in the spring of 1946, she worked for two years as a teacher in the secondary school of the village of Karakulino, becoming the youngest teacher there and the only one with a higher education.

In 1948, she entered the postgraduate program at the M. N. Pokrovsky Leningrad Pedagogical Institute (now Herzen University), while simultaneously teaching at the Leningrad Institute of Foreign Languages.

In 1951, she defended her dissertation on the topic "The Problem of National Character in the Works of G. R. Derzhavin."

From 1952 to 1963, she was the head of the literature and folklore sector at the Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

From 1963 to 1985, she was a lecturer and associate professor in the department of Russian and foreign literature at Udmurt State University.

She did not defend her doctoral dissertation, although it was ready, on the topic of "Udmurt Folklore." Her postgraduate students included future literary scholars P. K. Pozdeev and D. A. Yashin.

She was a member of the Union of Soviet Writers from 1959 and was elected as a delegate to the IV and VI Congresses of Writers of the RSFSR (1975, 1985).

From the mid-1960s, for more than ten years, she headed the Udmurt branch of the Soviet Peace Fund. She was twice elected as a deputy of the Izhevsk City Council.

After retiring in 1984, she continued her scientific activities and translation work, participating in the preparation of collections.

She died in 2016.

She was a laureate of the State Prize of the Udmurt ASSR (1986) "for the literary adaptation of the text and the compilation of the book 'Myths, Legends, and Tales of the Udmurt People' ".

She was awarded the Medal "Veteran of Labour", the Jubilee Medal "50 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War", and the Honorary Medal (1971) of the Soviet Peace Fund.

She was awarded honorary diplomas from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Udmurt ASSR, the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR, the Ministry of Education of the Udmurt ASSR, and the Honorary Badge of the Central Committee of the Komsomol (1968).

She authored works on the folklore and literature of the Udmurt people, including scientific articles, publications of folklore works, and individual books.

For the book "Myths, Legends, and Tales of the Udmurt People," she was awarded the State Prize of the Udmurt ASSR in 1986.

She translated many works by Udmurt writers into Russian, including the novel "By the Ludzinka River" by T. A. Arkhipov, the novel-trilogy "Bow to the Earth" by G. K. Perevoshchikov, and others.

She authored the autobiographical novella "The Road That Became a Destiny" about the construction of the Izhevsk–Balezino railway in the rear during the Great Patriotic War.

• Klabukov, A. N.; Kralina, N. P. (1954). Удмурт калык выжыкылъёс. Izhevsk: Udmurt Book Publishing. p. 168.
• Kralina, N. P. (1957). История Удмуртской советской литературы: Краткий очерк. Izhevsk: Udmurtskaya Pravda. p. 34.
• Kralina, N. P. (1960). Пословицы, поговорки удмуртского народа. Izhevsk: Udmurt Book Publishing. p. 208.
• Kralina, N. (1961). Сто сказок удмуртского народа. Izhevsk: Udmurt Book Publishing. p. 311.
• Kralina, N. P. (1970). Лопшо Педунь смеется: удмуртские народные сказки. Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. p. 45.
  • Kralina, N. P. (2009). Лопшо Педунь смеётся: удмуртские народные сказки. Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. p. 30.
• Kralina, N. P.; Pozdeev, P. (1971). Ватка но Калмез: Легенды и предания. Izhevsk. p. 163.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Kralina, N. P. (1977). Мудрый Иван и богатый поп: Удмуртская народная сказка. Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. p. 24.
• Kralina, N. P. (1976). Удмуртские народные сказки. Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. p. 322.
  • Kralina, N. P. (2003). Удмуртские народные сказки (2nd, revised ed.). Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. p. 141.
  • Kralina, N. P. (2008). Удмуртские народные сказки, мифы и легенды (3rd, revised ed.). Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. p. 159.
  • Kralina, N. P. (2016). Удмуртские народные сказки (4th, revised ed.). Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. p. 222.
• Kralina, N. (1986). Мифы, легенды и сказки удмуртского народа. Ustinov: Udmurtiya. p. 202.
  • Kralina, N. (1995). Мифы, легенды и сказки удмуртского народа (2nd ed.). Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. p. 202.
  • Kralina, N. P. (2015). Мифы, легенды и сказки удмуртского народа. Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. p. 123.
• Kralina, N. P. (2003). Дорога, ставшая судьбой: Повесть. Izhevsk. p. 266.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

• "Кралина Надежда Петровна". Archival Service of Udmurtia.
• "Кралина Надежда Петровна". Archival Service of the Udmurt Republic, official site.
• "Хранительница. Исполнилось 90 лет Н. П. Кралиной". Udmurt University newspaper (23 (176)). 1 October 2013.
• Ermakov, Foma Kuzmich (1989). Кралина Надежда Петровна. Izhevsk: Udmurtiya. pp. 229–230. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
• Uvarov, A. N. (2006). Кралина Надежда Петровна (2nd, expanded and revised ed.). Izhevsk. pp. 67–68. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• "Кралина Надежда Петровна".