Montceau-les-Mines lagerstätte

Montceau-les-Mines lagerstätte
Stratigraphic range: Late Stephanian[1]

The Montceau-les-Mines lagerstätte is a Carboniferous lagerstätte named after and located within the town of Montceau-les-Mines. It preserves numerous flora and fauna similar to those of the Mazon Creek fossil beds in the US, such as temnospondyls, velvet worms, arachnids and more.

Paleobiota

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Panarthropods

Onychophorans

Onychophora
Genus Species Higher taxon Notes Images
Antennipatus A. montceauensis IndeterminateOnychophora Earliest known definite onychophoran known from three specimens. Likely terrestrial.[2]

Arthropods

Arthropoda
Genus Species Higher taxon Notes Images
Alanops

= Liomesaspis birtwelli

A. magnificus Xiphosura

Bellinuridae

Likely capable of volvation[3]
Ameticos A. scolos Opiliones

Dyspnoi

Very similar to modern harvestmen[4]
Macrogyion M. cronus Opiliones

Eupnoi

Very similar to modern harvestmen[4]
Hastocularis H. argus Opiliones

Tetrophthalmi

A basal harvestman[5]
Aphantomartus A. areolatus Trigonotarbida [6]
Trigonotarbus T. sp Trigonotarbida [6]
Idmonarachne I. brasieri Serikodiastida Similar to spiders, but lacked spinnerets[7]
Palaeothele P. montceauensis Araneae

Mesothelae

First mesothele spider known, previously named “Eothele”[8]
Allobuthus A. pescei[9] ScorpionesAnthracoscorpionidae [6]
Coseleyscorpio C. lanceolatus Scorpiones [6]
Schramixerxes S. gerem Euthycarcinoidea Redescribed in 2008[10]
Sottyxerxes S. multiplex Euthycarcinoidea Redescribed in 2008[10]
Amynilyspes A. fatimae Oniscomorpha One of the rarest components of the fauna; only five found in over 20,000 concretions[11][12]
Blanziulus B. parriati Xyloiulidae Likely terrestrial in nature[11]
Arthropleura A. sp Arthropleuridea Specimens from Montceau preserve the first known head anatomy of the genus[13]
Sottyella S. montceauensis Phreatoicidea Found while searching for myriapods[14]
Chabardella C. spinosa Gorgonophontidae Bears spines on its segment margins[14]
Palaeocrangon? cf. P. sp Phreatoicidea Very fragmentary, may not belong to the genus[14]
Palaeocaris P. secretae

P. typus P. retractata

Syncarida Known from thousands of specimens[14][15]
Montcestheria M. orri Spinicaudata Relatively large spinicaudatan, reached around 2 cm length[16]
Euestheria E. feysi Spinicaudata Much smaller than Montcestheria[16]
Carbonita C. ?salteriana Podocopida Unclear whether it belongs to the genus[16]
Anebos A. phrixos Pterygota Interpreted as a stem-orthopteran,[17] yet bears similarities to some megasecopteran larvae?[18]
Phenopterum P. briggsi Grylloblattodea Redescribed alongside a Permian species in the same genus[19]
Montceaupterum M. baillyi Grylloblattodea Oldest member of its family (Euryptilonidae)[20]
Palaeocampa[21] P. anthrax Amphinomida When first described from Mazon Creek, identified as a caterpillar[22]

Annelids

Annelida
Genus Species Higher taxon Notes Images
Palaeocampa P. anthrax Amphinomidae [6]

Mollusks

Mollusca
Genus Species Higher taxon Notes Images
Anthraconaia A. lusitanica [6]

Vertebrates

Vertebrates
Montcellia[23] M. longidentata Nectridea

Urocordylidae

Formerly classed within Sauropleura[24]
Sauravus S. costei

S. spinosus

[6]
Montceaubatrachus M. platyrhynchus Temnospondyli

Amphibamiformes

Bears similarities to Gerobatrachus[25]
Actinodon A. sp [6]
Micromelerpeton M. boyi TemnospondyliMicromelerpetidae [6]
Nyranerpeton N. montceauense TemnospondyliMicromelerpetidae Another species known from the Kladno Formation[25]
Indeterminate Temnospondyli

Archegosauridae?

Originally described as Actinodon[26]
Branchiosaurus B. petrolei Temnospondyli

Branchiosauridae

[6]
Bourbonnella B. sottyi

B. fourrieri

Aeduellidae Likely lived across the tropics during the latest Carboniferous[27]
Platysella P. descusi Aeduellidae
Myxineidus M. gonorum Cyclostomi Debated as to whether the genus is a hagfish[28] or lamprey[29]
Expleuracanthus E. sp. Xenacanthiformes A freshwater xenacanth shark, known from dorsal spines from the "Fish Shale Bed"[30]
Sagenodus S. sp. Dipnoi A fragmentary lungfish probably within the genus Sagenodus[30]
Acanthodes A. sp. Acanthodidae Fragmentary remains of Acanthodes are known from the "Fish Shale Bed" and some nodules[30]
Phlegethontia P. sp. Aistopoda A snake-like lepospondyl tetrapod[31]

Plants

Ferns (Polypodiopsida)

Genus Species Higher taxon Notes Images
Annularia A. mucronata

A. sphenophylloides A. spicata A. stellata

Calamitaceae A form taxon assigned to the leaves of Calamites.[32]
Asterophyllites A. equisetiformis Calamitaceae [32]
Calamites C. cistii

C. cruciatus C. sp.

Calamitaceae A genus of tree-like horsetail closely related to the modern Equisetum.[32]
Calamostachys C. tuberculata Calamitaceae
Sphenophyllostachys S. sp. Sphenophyllales [32]
Sphenophyllum S. angustifolium

S. longifolium S. oblongifolium

Sphenophyllales [32]
Pecopteris P. cyathea

P. feminaeformis P. hemitelioides P. lepidorachis P. miltoni P. platonii P. polymorpha P. pseudo-oreopteridia P. unita P. aff. affinis P. aff. elaverica

P. aff. launayi P. sp.

Marattiaceae A common form of fern leaf[32]

Seed ferns (Pteridospermatophyta)

Genus Species Higher taxon Notes Images
Sphenopteris S. cristata

S. leptophylla S. aff. picandeti

S. sp.

Lyginopteridaceae [32]
Alethopteris A. zeilleri

A. sp.

Alethopteridaceae [32]
Callipteridium C. costei Cyclopteridaceae [32]
Dicksonites D. pluckenetii

D. sterzelii

Callistophytales [32]
Linopterus L. sp. [32]
Neuropteris N. cordata

N. planchardi N. sp.

Neurodontopteridaceae [32]
Odontopteris O. minor

O. reichiana O. subcrenulata

Pteridospermophyta [32]
Pseudomariopteris P. sp. Pteridospermophyta [32]

Conifers (Gymnospermae)

Genus Species Higher taxon Notes Images
Taeniopteris T. jejunata Cycadophyta [32]
Cordaitanthus C. aff. baccifer

C. sp.

Cordaitales [32]
Cordaites C. sp. Cordaitales [32]

Literature (use to expand article's info)

  • M. Laurin: Habitat of early stegocephalians (Chordata, Vertebrata, Sarcopterygii): a little saltier than most paleontologists like?. 2023. doi:10.3897/fr.27.123291
  • V. Perrier, S. Charbonnier: The Montceau-les-Mines Lagerstätte (Late Carboniferous, France). 2014. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2014.03.002
  • M. Lheritier et al.: Fossils from the Montceau-les-Mines Lagerstätte (305 Ma) shed light on the anatomy, ecology and phylogeny of Carboniferous millipedes. 2023.
  • S. Charbonnier, D. Chabard: The nodules from the Late Carboniferous Montceau-les-Mines Lagerstätte, France. In: History of the Collection Sotty 2. In: Annales de Paléontologie. Volume 100, Nr. 2, April–June 2014, S. 99–102. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2013.08.001
  • R. J. Garwood et al.: Carboniferous Onychophora from Montceau-les-Mines, France,and onychophoran terrestrialization. In: Invertebrate Biology. Band 135, Nr. 3, 2016, S. 179–190. doi:10.1111/ivb.12130
  • P. R. Racheboeuf, J. Vannier, L. I. Anderson: A New Three-Dimensionally Preserved Xiphosuran Chelicerate from the Montceau-Les-Mines Lagerstätte (Carboniferous, France). In: Palaeontology. Band 45, 2002, S. 125–147. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00230
  • R. J. Garwood et al.: Almost a spider: a 305-million-year-old fossil arachnid and spider origins. 2016. doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.0125
  • D. Heyler, C. M. Poplin: The Fossils of Montceau-les-Mines. In: Scientific American. Vol. 259, No. 3, 1988, S. 104–111. JSTOR:24989233
  • D. Germain et al.: The presumed hagfish Myxineidus gononorum from the Upper Carboniferous of Montceau-les-Mines (Saône-et-Loire, France). New data obtained by means of Propagation Phase Contrast X-ray Synchrotron Microtomography. In: Annales de Paléontologie. Volume 100, Nr. 2, 2014, S. 131–135. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2013.12.003

References

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