Miturgidae
| Long-legged sac spiders Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| Miturga albopunctata | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Simon, 1886 |
| Diversity | |
| 29 genera, 167 species | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Zoridae F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1893 | |
Miturgidae is a family of araneomorph spiders that includes nearly 170 species in 29 genera worldwide.[1] First described by Eugène Simon in 1886,[2] it has been substantially revised, and includes the previous family Zoridae as a synonym,[3] and excludes the family Xenoctenidae.[4] Several genera have also been removed, such as the large genus Cheiracanthium, which was transferred to the Cheiracanthiidae.[5]
Description
Spiders of the Miturgidae family are small-to-medium sized spiders, with most genera possessing a brown and gray band pattern on the spider's body.[6]
Behavior
Miturgidae spiders are nocturnal. They live on the ground or on foliage, where they build a sac-like shelter on vegetation or under rocks or other debris. Mother spiders will deposit and protect her eggs in these shelters.
Genera
As of April 2019, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:[1]
- Argoctenus L. Koch, 1878 — New Zealand, Australia, Papua New Guinea
- Diaprograpta Simon, 1909 — Australia
- Elassoctenus Simon, 1909 — Australia
- Eupograpta Raven, 2009 — Australia
- Hestimodema Simon, 1909 — Australia
- Israzorides Levy, 2003 — Israel
- Mituliodon Raven & Stumkat, 2003 — Timor-Leste, Australia
- Miturga Thorell, 1870 — Australia
- Mitzoruga Raven, 2009 — Australia
- Nuliodon Raven, 2009 — Australia
- Odomasta Simon, 1909 — Australia
- Pacificana Hogg, 1904 — New Zealand
- Palicanus Thorell, 1897 — Asia, Seychelles
- Parapostenus Lessert, 1923 — South Africa, Lesotho
- Prochora Simon, 1886 — Italy, Asia
- Pseudoceto Mello-Leitão, 1929 — Brazil
- Simonus Ritsema, 1881 — Australia
- Syrisca Simon, 1886 — South America, Africa
- Syspira Simon, 1895 — United States, Mexico
- Systaria Simon, 1897 — Asia, Oceania
- Tamin Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 — Indonesia
- Teminius Keyserling, 1887 — North America, South America
- Thasyraea L. Koch, 1878 — Australia
- Tuxoctenus Raven, 2008 — Australia
- Voraptus Simon, 1898 — Africa, Indonesia
- Xantharia Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 — Indonesia
- Zealoctenus Forster & Wilton, 1973 — New Zealand
- Zora C. L. Koch, 1847 — Asia, Europe, North America
- Zoroides Berland, 1924 — New Caledonia
References
- ^ a b c "Family: Miturgidae Simon, 1886". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2019-04-22.
- ^ Simon, E. (1886). "Etudes arachnologiques. 18e Mémoire. XXVI. Matériaux pour servir à la faune des Arachnides du Sénégal. (Suivi d'une appendice intitulé: Descriptions de plusieurs espèces africaines nouvelles)". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 6 (5): 345–396.
- ^ Ramírez, Martín (2014). "The morphology and phylogeny of Dionychan spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 390: 1–374. doi:10.1206/821.1. hdl:11336/18066. S2CID 86146467.
- ^ Wheeler, W. C.; et al. (2017). "The spider tree of life: phylogeny of Araneae based on target-gene analyses from an extensive taxon sampling". Cladistics. 33 (6): 576–616. doi:10.1111/cla.12182. PMID 34724759. S2CID 35535038.
- ^ Murphy, J. A.; Roberts, M. J. (2015). Spider families of the world and their spinnerets. British Arachnological Society.
- ^ Chen, Shyh-hwang; Huang, Wen-Jean (May 2012). The Spider Fauna of Taiwan. National Taiwan Normal University. p. 5. ISBN 9789577526687.
External links