Mark M. Phillips
Mark M. Phillips | |
|---|---|
Mark M. Phillips | |
| Born | March 31, 1951 |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | San Diego State University, University of California, Santa Cruz |
| Awards | Gruber Prize in cosmology, 2007 Breakthrough of the Year 1998 AURA Science Award 1997 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics, 2015 |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Astronomy |
| Doctoral advisor | Donald Osterbrock |
Mark M. Phillips (born March 31, 1951) is an American astronomer who works on the observational studies of all classes of supernovae. He has worked on SN 1986G,[1] SN 1987A,[2] the Calán/Tololo Supernova Survey, the High-Z Supernova Search Team, and the Phillips relationship.[3][4] This relationship has allowed the use of Type Ia supernovae as standard candles, leading to the precise measurements of the Hubble constant H0[5][6] and the deceleration parameter q0,[7] the latter implying the existence of dark energy or a cosmological constant in the Universe.
He is the past director of Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory of the National Optical Astronomy Observatory and is the Associate Director and Carnegie Staff Member at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile, part of the Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science.
He received his undergraduate degree in Astronomy from San Diego State University in 1973, and his Ph.D., also in Astronomy & Astrophysics in 1977, from the University of California, Santa Cruz and Lick Observatory where he was a student of Professor Donald Osterbrock. After graduate school, he was a postdoc at CTIO, then at Anglo-Australian Observatory, moving back to Chile in 1982 to become a staff astronomer at CTIO.
In addition to his work on supernovae, he has also worked extensively on the spectroscopic studies of Active Galactic Nuclei.[8] A relation, discovered by Phillips, Jack Baldwin, and Roberto Terlevich, allows for the separation of types of Active Galactic Nuclei and is known as the "Baldwin-Phillips-Terlevich" or BPT relation.[9]
In 2023, the University of California Santa Cruz honored Dr. Phillips as one of two recipients of the Alumni Achievement Award.[10] He was recognized for "...his pioneering supernova research that led to the reversal of a major scientific theory on the trajectory of the universe and for the indelible legacy he has left for aspiring astronomers."
In 2024, Phillips was elected as a Fellow[11] of the American Astronomical Society. In announcing the award, the AAS cited his achievements as: "For pioneering work in supernova physics and establishing Type Ia supernovae as standard candles, which enabled the accurate measurement of the Hubble-Lemaître constant and the discovery of the universe's accelerated expansion and dark energy; for improving the classification of active galaxies; and for years of service to the astronomical community."
References
- ^ Phillips, M. M., et al. 1987, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 99, 592
- ^ Phillips, M. M. et al.1988, Astronomical Journal, 95, 1087
- ^ Phillips, M. M. 1993, Astrophysical Journal Letters,413, 105
- ^ Hamuy, M. et al. 1993, Astronomical Journal, 106, 2392
- ^ Suntzeff, N.B. et al. 1999, Astronomical Journal, 119, 1175
- ^ Freedman, W. et al. 2001, Astrophysical Journal, 553, 47
- ^ Riess, A. et al. 1998, Astronomical Journal, 119, 1009; Perlmutter, S. et al. 1999, Astrophysical Journal, 517, 565
- ^ Baldwin, J. A.; Phillips, M. M.; Terlevich, R., 1981, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 93, 5. "Classification parameters for the emission-line spectra of extragalactic objects"
- ^ "BPT diagram".
- ^ "UCSC Alumni Awards 2023".
- ^ "AAS Names 24 New Fellows for 2025".