Marion A. Frieswyk
Marion A. Frieswyk | |
|---|---|
| Born | September 17, 1921 |
| Died | August 26, 2021 (aged 99) |
| Other names | Marion Annette Armstrong |
| Occupation(s) | Office of Strategic Services (OSS), CIA |
| Known for | First woman employed in the Map Division’s Cartography Section of the CIA |
| Spouse | Henry Frieswyk[1] |
Marion A. Frieswyk (1921 - 2021) was the first female intelligence cartographer for the Map Division's Cartography Section[2] of the CIA and former member of the Office of Strategic Services.[3] She played a key role in creating cartographic resources for strategic military operations during World War 2. Her work helped to advance mapping as a field and the quality of map production and creation.
Biography
Frieskwyk (maiden name unknown[4]) grew up in upstate New York. Her family owned a pea farm, which they lost during the Great Depression.[3] Her mother worked as a cook. Instead of going to a finishing school, she completed a degree in 1942 at Potsdam State Teachers College with the goal of becoming an elementary teacher.[3] When the United States began mobilizing during World War II, she applied to a summer graduate school course at Clark University, which trained civilian geographers for war-service jobs.[3]
Career
Frieswyk was offered a job in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) by Arthur H. Robinson, who was a well-known geographer of the time.[5][6] When she was recruited, Frieswyk was 21 years old and still a graduate student at Clarks University.[4] Her primary role was to organize intelligence information collected by field agents and produce both 2D and 3D topographic maps. She created maps that were used in the planning for the invasion of Italy, and throughout World War 2 for strategic decision making by the Joint Chiefs of Staff.[5] She is credited for contributing in the development of a unique system of map production that improved map quality and production efficiency.[2]
After the OSS was discontinued in 1945, the CIA was formed. Frieswyk stayed on and was employed as the first female in the Map Division's Cartography Section of the CIA.[4] She worked for the CIA until 1958.[7]
When the OSS was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal in 2016, Frieswyk was one of the 20 OSS veterans who attended in a ceremony in Washington D.C.[4]
Personal life
Marion Frieswyk was married to Henry Frieswyk. He was a co-worker and another graduate student from Clark University.[4] After her retirement in the 1950s, her husband continued to work for the CIA and became the head of its cartography division.[4] He retired in 1980.
References
- ^ "Henry Frieswyk dies at 76". The Washington Post. 7 May 1997. Retrieved 23 February 2025.
- ^ a b "Marion Frieswyk: The First Female Intelligence Cartographer - CIA". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 21 February 2025.
- ^ a b c d Sanders, As told to Katie (6 March 2019). "The Women Whose Secret Work Helped Win World War II". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 21 February 2025.
- ^ a b c d e f Tyner, Judith (2020). Women in American Cartography: An Invisible Social History. Lanham, MD: Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-4985-4829-8.
- ^ a b Clark, Abbi (2 November 2021). "Marion Frieswyk: The First Female Intelligence Cartographer". Grey Dynamics. Retrieved 21 February 2025.
- ^ Ryan, Missy (28 March 2018). "After a long wait, World War II spy service honored for daring acts that helped secure Allied victory". The Washington Post. Retrieved 23 February 2025.
- ^ "Marion A. Frieswyk". Special Forces Roll Of Honour. 17 November 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2025.