List of vulnerable invertebrates

Invertebrate species (IUCN, 2020.1)
  • 17,646 extant species have been evaluated
  • 12,368 of those are fully assessed[a]
  • 8024 are not threatened at present[b]
  • 4328 to 9606 are threatened[c]
  • 410 to 616 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 395 extinct (EX) species[d]
    • 15 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 206 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]

  1. ^ excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. ^ NT, LR/cd, LC.
  3. ^ Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
  4. ^ Chart omits extinct (EX) species

In July 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed 2178 vulnerable invertebrate species.[1] Of all evaluated invertebrate species, 12% are listed as vulnerable. The IUCN also lists 47 invertebrate subspecies as vulnerable.

No subpopulations of invertebrates have been evaluated by the IUCN.

For a species to be assessed as vulnerable to extinction the best available evidence must meet quantitative criteria set by the IUCN designed to reflect "a high risk of extinction in the wild". Endangered and critically endangered species also meet the quantitative criteria of vulnerable species, and are listed separately. See: List of endangered invertebrates, List of critically endangered invertebrates. Vulnerable, endangered and critically endangered species are collectively referred to as threatened species by the IUCN.

Additionally 5278 invertebrate species (29% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[2] While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed".[3]

This is a complete list of vulnerable invertebrate species and subspecies as evaluated by the IUCN.

Nemertea species

  • Nightingale ribbon worm (Katechonemertes nightingaleensis)

There are 879 mollusc species and 18 mollusc subspecies assessed as vulnerable.

There are 828 gastropod species and 16 gastropod subspecies assessed as vulnerable.

Stylommatophora includes the majority of land snails and slugs. There are 339 species and six subspecies in the order Stylommatophora assessed as vulnerable.

Species

Subspecies

  • Anauchen informis informis
  • Anauchen informis parcedentata

Species

Subspecies

  • Hemicycla glyceia silensis

Species

Subspecies

  • Leptaxis simia portosancti
  • Oligolimax musignani
  • Phenacolimax blanci
  • Plutonia albopalliata
  • Plutonia dianae
  • Sardovitrina polloneriana
  • Mastus amenazada
  • Mastus claudia
  • Napaeus boucheti
  • Napaeus elegans
  • Napaeus esbeltus
  • Napaeus lichenicola
  • Napaeus ornamentatus
  • Napaeus roccellicola
  • Napaeus rupicola
  • Napaeus tagamichensis
  • Napaeus taguluchensis
Other Stylommatophora

Species

Subspecies

  • Chlorilis hungerfordiana rufopila
  • Spelaeodiscus triarius tatricus

There are 324 species and seven subspecies in the order Littorinimorpha assessed as vulnerable.

Species

Subspecies

  • Mexipyrgus de carranza snail (Mexipyrgus churinceanus carranzae)
  • Mexipyrgus churinceanus churinceanus
  • Mexipyrgus de escobeda snail (Mexipyrgus churinceanus escobedae)
  • Mexipyrgus de lugo snail (Mexipyrgus churinceanus lugoi)
  • Mexipyrgus de west el Mojarral snail (Mexipyrgus churinceanus mojarralis)
  • Mexipyrgus de east el Mojarral snail (Mexipyrgus churinceanus multilineatus)
  • Mexithauma de cienegas snail (Mexipyrgus churinceanus quadripaludium)
  • Heleobia andecola
  • Heleobia aperta
  • Heleobia aponensis
  • Heleobia galilaea
  • Heleobia ortoni
  • Bithynia badiella
  • Bithynia cettinensis
  • Bithynia graeca
  • Bithynia kobialkai
  • Bithynia pseudemmericia
  • Bithynia quintanai
  • Bithynia yildirimii
  • Congodoma zairensis
  • Gabbia pallidula
  • Pseudobithynia ambrakis
  • Pseudobithynia kirka
  • Sierraia expansilabrum
  • Sierraia leonensis
  • Moitessieria calloti
  • Moitessieria foui
  • Moitessieria guadelopensis
  • Moitessieria juvenisanguis
  • Moitessieria lludrigaensis
  • Moitessieria massoti
  • Moitessieria mugae
  • Moitessieria nezi
  • Paladilhia jamblussensis
  • Paladilhia roselloi
  • Paladilhia umbilicata
  • Palaospeum bessoni
  • Spiralix gloriae
  • Spiralix pequenoensis
  • Acmella sp. nov. 'Ba Tai'
  • Badwater snail (Assiminea infirma)
  • Fijianella calciphila
  • Fijianella cornucopia
  • Fijianella laddi
  • Omphalotropis costulata
  • Omphalotropis longula
  • Omphalotropis rosea
  • Hubendickia pellucida
  • Hydrorissoia munensis
  • Jullienia albaobscura
  • Jullienia costata
  • Jullienia flava
  • Jullienia minima
  • Jullienia prasongi
  • Lacunopsis deiecta
  • Lacunopsis globosa
  • Lacunopsis minutarpiettei
  • Lacunopsis munensis
  • Oncomelania nosophora
  • Pachydrobia bertini
  • Pachydrobia levayi
  • Tricula conica
  • Tricula mahadevensis
Other Littorinimorpha species
  • Cremnoconchus conicus
  • Modoc pebblesnail (Fluminicola modoci)
  • Pseudobenedictia michnoi
  • Stenothyra decollata
  • Stenothyra laotiensis

There are 55 species in the order Sorbeoconcha assessed as vulnerable.

  • Esperiana sangarica
  • Melanopsis subgraellsiana
  • Brotia annamita
  • Brotia citrina
  • Brotia hoabinhensis
  • Brotia laodelectata
  • Brotia paludiformis
  • Brotia solemiana
  • Brotia subgloriosa
  • Brotia wykoffi
  • Potadoma alutacea
  • Potadoma vogeli

Species

Subspecies

Species

Subspecies

  • Gyraulus connollyi exilis

There are 27 species in the order Neogastropoda assessed as vulnerable.

There are 49 species and two subspecies in the class Bivalvia assessed as vulnerable.

There are 37 species and two subspecies in the order Unionoida assessed as vulnerable.

  • Margaritifera middendorffi

Species

Subspecies

  • Lampsilis reeviana reeviana

Species

Subspecies

  • Chambardia wahlbergi guillaini
  • Diplodontites olssoni
  • Scaphula nagarjunai

There are 203 species in the phylum Cnidaria assessed as vulnerable.

  • Millepora foveolata
  • Millepora latifolia

There are 202 species in the class Anthozoa assessed as vulnerable.

There are 199 species in the order Scleractinia assessed as vulnerable.

  • Alveopora allingi
  • Alveopora daedalea
  • Alveopora fenestrata
  • Alveopora gigas
  • Alveopora japonica
  • Alveopora marionensis
  • Alveopora verrilliana
  • Goniopora albiconus
  • Goniopora burgosi
  • Goniopora cellulosa
  • Goniopora planulata
  • Goniopora polyformis
  • Porites aranetai
  • Porites attenuata
  • Porites cocosensis
  • Porites cumulatus
  • Porites horizontalata
  • Porites napopora
  • Porites nigrescens
  • Porites okinawensis
  • Porites rugosa
  • Porites sillimaniana
  • Porites sverdrupi
  • Porites tuberculosa
  • Poritipora paliformis
  • Australogyra zelli
  • Barabattoia laddi
  • Caulastrea connata
  • Caulastrea curvata
  • Caulastrea echinulata
  • Cyphastrea agassizi
  • Cyphastrea hexasepta
  • Cyphastrea ocellina
  • Echinopora ashmorensis
  • Echinopora robusta
  • Favia rosaria
  • Favites spinosa
  • Goniastrea deformis
  • Goniastrea ramosa
  • Leptastrea aequalis
  • Leptoria irregularis
  • Montastraea franksi
  • Montastrea multipunctata
  • Montastrea salebrosa
  • Montastrea serageldini
  • Moseleya latistellata
  • Platygyra yaeyamaensis
  • Echinophyllia costata
  • Mycedium steeni
  • Pectinia africanus
  • Pectinia alcicornis
  • Pectinia lactuca
  • Lamarck's sheet coral (Agaricia lamarcki)
  • Leptoseris incrustans
  • Leptoseris yabei
  • Pachyseris involuta
  • Pachyseris rugosa
  • Pavona bipartita
  • Pavona cactus
  • Pavona danai
  • Cactus coral (Pavona decussata)
  • Pavona diffluens
  • Pavona venosa
Other Scleractinia species

Other Anthozoa species

There are 1080 arthropod species and 29 arthropod subspecies assessed as vulnerable.

There are 47 arachnid species assessed as vulnerable.

Other arachnid species

  • Bamazomus aviculus
  • Melones cave harvestman (Banksula melones)
  • Beierolpium benoiti
  • Seychelles small whip spider (Charinus seychellarum)
  • Seychelles giant scorpion (Chiromachus ochropus)
  • Empire cave pseudoscorpion (Fissilicreagris imperialis)
  • Ibalonius flavopictus
  • Nesowithius seychellesensis
  • Indian Ocean whip spider (Phrynichus scaber)
  • Xenolpium insulare

Maxillopoda includes barnacles, copepods and a number of related animals. There are 71 species in the class Maxillopoda assessed as vulnerable.

There are 47 species in the order Calanoida assessed as vulnerable.

There are 18 species in the order Harpacticoida assessed as vulnerable.

Malacostraca includes crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, woodlice, and many others. There are 307 malacostracan species and 14 malacostracan subspecies assessed as vulnerable.

Species

Subspecies

  • Androniscus stygius dentatus
  • Asellus aquaticus cavernicolus
  • Proasellus pavani orientalis

There are 56 amphipod species and four amphipod subspecies assessed as vulnerable.

Subspecies

  • Hadzia fragilis stochi

Species

Subspecies

  • Niphargus ilidzensis slovenicus
  • Niphargus orcinus orcinus
  • Niphargus stygius stygius

There are 224 decapod species and seven decapod subspecies assessed as vulnerable.

  • Adeleana forcarti
  • Arachnothelphusa melanippe
  • Austrothelphusa tigrina
  • Austrothelphusa valentula
  • Heterothelphusa fatum
  • Johnson's freshwater crab (Irmengardia johnsoni)
  • Liotelphusa quadrata
  • Mainitia mainitensis
  • Mekhongthelphusa kengsaphu
  • Mekhongthelphusa tetragona
  • Nautilothelphusa zimmeri
  • Oziotelphusa biloba
  • Oziotelphusa hippocastanum
  • Oziotelphusa ritigala
  • Oziotelphusa stricta
  • Oziotelphusa wagrakarowensis
  • Parathelphusa balabac
  • Parathelphusa cabayugan
  • Parathelphusa crocea
  • Parathelphusa maindroni
  • Parathelphusa ovum
  • Parathelphusa pantherina
  • Parathelphusa possoensis
  • Perbrinckia fenestra
  • Perbrinckia integra
  • Phricotelphusa callianira
  • Phricotelphusa elegans
  • Phricotelphusa limula
  • Phricotelphusa ranongi
  • Sayamia maehongsonensis
  • Stygothelphusa bidiensis
  • Sundathelphusa minahassae
  • Sundathelphusa rubra
  • Archaetya chacei
  • Atya ortmannioides
  • Atyaephyra strymonensis
  • Caridina ablepsia
  • Caridina acuta
  • Caridina acutirostris
  • Caridina anislaq
  • Caridina batuan
  • Caridina boholensis
  • Caridina breviata
  • Caridina bunyonyiensis
  • Caridina caerulea
  • Caridina camaro
  • Caridina caverna
  • Caridina cavernicola
  • Caridina demenica
  • Caridina dianchiensis
  • Caridina ensifera
  • Caridina feixiana
  • Caridina gordonae
  • Caridina gortio
  • Caridina guangxiensis
  • Caridina leclerci
  • Caridina longidigita
  • Caridina mengae
  • Caridina minidentata
  • Caridina pseudodenticulata
  • Caridina pseudonilotica
  • Caridina samar
  • Caridina sarasinorum
  • Caridina schenkeli
  • Caridina semiblepsia
  • Caridina sodenensis
  • Caridina spelunca
  • Caridina trifasciata
  • Caridina valencia
  • Edoneus erwini
  • Edoneus marulas
  • Edoneus sketi
  • Marosina brevirostris
  • Marosina longirostris
  • Neocaridina brevidactyla
  • Kentucky cave shrimp (Palaemonias ganteri)
  • Paracaridina longispina
  • Parisia deharvengi
  • Parisia macrophora
  • Stygiocaris lancifera
  • Stygiocaris stylifera
  • Troglocaris bosnica
  • Troglocaris kapelana
  • Troglocaris neglecta
  • Troglocaris prasence
  • Typhlatya consobrina
  • Typhlatya elenae
  • Typhlatya garciadebrasi
  • Typhlatya garciai
  • Typhlatya miravetensis
  • Typhlatya taina
  • Typhlocaridina lanceifrons
  • Typhlocaridina liui
  • Typhlocaridina semityphlata

Species

Subspecies

  • Allacanthos pittieri
  • Chaceus ibiricensis
  • Elsalvadoria zurstrasseni
  • Epilobocera haytensis
  • Epilobocera wetherbeei
  • Fredius granulatus
  • Hypolobocera alata
  • Hypolobocera andagoensis
  • Hypolobocera barbacensis
  • Hypolobocera cajambrensis
  • Hypolobocera gracilignatha
  • Hypolobocera rathbuni
  • Hypolobocera rotundilobata
  • Hypolobocera velezi
  • Lindacatalina sumacensis
  • Microthelphusa forcarti
  • Moritschus altaquerensis
  • Moritschus ecuadorensis
  • Neopseudothelphusa fossor
  • Phrygiopilus acanthophallus
  • Potamocarcinus hartmanni
  • Potamocarcinus roatensis
  • Ptychophallus tristani
  • Raddaus mertensi
  • Rodriguezus trujillensis
  • Cryptopotamon anacoluthon
  • Geothelphusa miyakoensis
  • South Australia crab (Geothelphusa nanao)
  • Pingtung crab (Geothelphusa pingtung)
  • Ze concept of crab (Geothelphusa takuan)
  • Taroko crab (Geothelphusa taroko)
  • Wang's crab (Geothelphusa wangi)
  • Wutai crab (Geothelphusa wutai)
  • Indochinamon cua
  • Indochinamon dangi
  • Indochinamon guttum
  • Indochinamon mieni
  • Iomon luangprabangense
  • Isolapotamon bauense
  • Johora counsilmani
  • Johora gapensis
  • Johora johorensis
  • Johora thoi
  • Malayopotamon granulatum
  • Taiwan's South China Sea river crab (Nanhaipotamon formosanum)
  • Nemoron nomas
  • Parapotamon spinescens
  • Potamon bileki
  • Pupamon phrae
  • Sinopotamon ebianense
  • Sinopotamon hanyangense
  • Stelomon erawanense
  • Stelomon kanchanaburiense
  • Stoliczia bella
  • Stoliczia changmanae
  • Stoliczia cognata
  • Stoliczia goal
  • Stoliczia karenae
  • Stoliczia kedahensis
  • Stoliczia leoi
  • Stoliczia pahangensis
  • Stoliczia panhai
  • Stoliczia perlensis
  • Stoliczia tweedei
  • Tiwaripotamon edostilus
  • Leptopalaemon gibbosus
  • Leptopalaemon gudjangah
  • Leptopalaemon magelensis
  • Macrobrachium acanthochirus
  • Macrobrachium acherontium
  • Macrobrachium elegantum
  • Macrobrachium gurudeve
  • Macrobrachium lingyunense
  • Macrobrachium tuxtlaense
  • Troglocubanus calcis
  • Troglocubanus gibarensis
  • Troglocubanus inermis
  • Avotrichodactylus oaxensis
  • Bottiella cucutensis
  • Bottiella medemi
Other decapod species

There are 608 insect species and 15 insect subspecies assessed as vulnerable.

There are 137 species in the order Orthoptera assessed as vulnerable.

  • Howarth's cave cricket (Caconemobius howarthi)
  • Schauinsland's bush cricket (Caconemobius schauinslandi)
  • Kaumana cave cricket (Caconemobius varius)
  • Lanzarote malpais cricket (Hymenoptila lanzarotensis)
  • Metioche luteolus
  • Karpathos glandular cricket (Ovaliptila kinzelbachi)
  • Dodecanese glandular cricket (Ovaliptila nana)
  • Phalangacris phaloricephala
  • Volcanoes cave cricket (Thaumatogryllus cavicola)
  • Kauai thin-footed bush cricket (Thaumatogryllus variegatus)
  • Usambara slant-faced grasshopper (Acrida bara)
  • Uvarov's bird grasshopper (Acridoderes uvarovi)
  • Idaho point-headed grasshopper (Acrolophitus pulchellus)
  • Usambara burrowing grasshopper (Acrotylus apicalis)
  • Usambara forest edge grasshopper (Afrophlaeoba usambarica)
  • Michigan bog grasshopper (Appalachia arcana)
  • Wembere grasshopper (Aulacobothrus popovi)
  • Tanzanian miombo grasshopper (Cardeniopsis regalis)
  • Siskiyou chloealtis grasshopper (Chloealtis aspasma)
  • White-tipped grasshopper (Chorthippus acroleucus)
  • Ufipa blue-winged grasshopper (Chromochokwea fitzgeraldi)
  • Calabrian gold grasshopper (Chrysochraon beybienkoi)
  • Banat grasshopper (Eozubovskya banatica)
  • Udzungwa noble grasshopper (Eupropacris uniformis)
  • Eximacris superbum
  • Three-spotted forest grasshopper (Heteracris trimaculata)
  • Reatine Italian grasshopper (Italohippus modestus)
  • Kilimanjaro drumming grasshopper (Ixalidium sjostedti)
  • Usambara drumming grasshopper (Ixalidium transiens)
  • Long-winged mountain grasshopper (Miramella irena)
  • Romanian mountain grasshopper (Odontopodisma montana)
  • Red-legged mountain grasshopper (Odontopodisma rubripes)
  • Erimanthos [sic?] Mountain grasshopper (Oropodisma erymanthosi)
  • Kyllini Mountain grasshopper (Oropodisma kyllinii)
  • Macedonian mountain grasshopper (Oropodisma macedonica)
  • Tayetos Mountain grasshopper (Oropodisma taygetosi)
  • Turkish Black Sea Coast grasshopper (Rammeihippus turcicus)
  • Almeria sand grasshopper (Sphingonotus almeriense)
  • Tenerife sand grasshopper (Sphingonotus picteti)
  • Rugose sand grasshopper (Sphingonotus rugosus)
  • Eurasian toothed grasshopper (Stenobothrus eurasius)
  • Mute winter katydid (Brinckiella aptera)
  • Karoo winter katydid (Brinckiella karooensis)
  • Mauerberger's winter katydid (Brinckiella mauerbergerorum)
  • Cozia plump bush-cricket (Isophya harzi)
  • Long-tailed plump bush-cricket (Isophya longicaudata)
  • Athos bright bush-cricket (Poecilimon athos)
  • Ikaria bright bush-cricket (Poecilimon ikariensis)
  • Istanbul bright bush-cricket (Poecilimon istanbul)
  • Kadiytsa bright bush-cricket (Poecilimon pechevi)
  • Short-tailed bull bush-cricket (Polysarcus scutatus)
  • East Coast katydid (Pomatonota dregii)
Other Orthoptera species

There are 155 species in the order Hymenoptera assessed as vulnerable.

  • Colletes dimidiatus
  • Colletes moricei
  • Colletes pulchellus
  • Melitta hispanica
  • Melitta kastiliensis

Lepidoptera comprises moths and butterflies. There are 128 species and ten subspecies in the order Lepidoptera assessed as vulnerable.

Species

Subspecies

  • Danaus affinis jimiensis
  • Danaus melanippus keteus
  • Outcast crow (Euploea algea abjecta)
  • Euploea algea eleutho
  • Euploea algea schmeltzi
  • Euploea crameri albomaculata
  • Euploea mulciber elwesii
  • Euploea radamanthus schreiberi
  • Parantica weiskei thalassina
  • Sarangani tiger (Tirumala choaspes tumanana)
  • Canary brimstone (Gonepteryx cleobule)
  • Atewa dotted border (Mylothris atewa)
  • Moroccan green-veined white (Pieris segonzaci)

There are 50 beetle species assessed as vulnerable.

  • Ciervo scarab beetle (Aegialia concinna)
  • Crescent dune scarab beetle (Aegialia crescenta)
  • Ateuchetus semipunctatus
  • Ateuchus squalidus
  • Aulacopris matthewsi
  • Canthon corpulentus
  • Canthon quadripunctatus
  • Clypeodrepanus striatus
  • Ontherus hadros
  • Onthophagus albarracinus
  • Pachysoma aesculapius
  • Pachysoma endroedyi
  • Pachysoma glentoni
  • Pedaridium hirsutum
  • Platyonitis bicuariensis
  • Giuliani's dune scarab beetle (Pseudocotalpa giulianii)
Other beetle species

Odonata includes dragonflies and damselflies. There are 129 species and five subspecies in the order Odonata assessed as vulnerable.

  • Chlorogomphus brevistigma
  • Chlorogomphus gracilis
  • Chlorogomphus nakamurai
  • Chlorogomphus xanthoptera
  • Chloropetalia selysi
  • Watanabeopetalia uenoi
  • Banded jewel (Africocypha centripunctata)
  • Kaleidoscope jewel (Africocypha lacuselephantum)
  • Albertine jewel (Chlorocypha schmidti)
  • Libellago andamanensis
  • Tanzania jewel (Platycypha auripes)
  • Rhinocypha dorsosanguinea
  • Rhinocypha latimacula
  • Mahale jewel (Stenocypha hasta)

Species

Subspecies

  • Erpetogomphus lampropeltis lampropeltis

Species

Subspecies

  • Somalian bluet (Azuragrion somalicum amitinum)
  • Frey's damselfly (Coenagrion hylas freyi)
  • Blackline damselfly (Megalagrion nigrohamatum nigrolineatum)
  • Pseudagrion sublacteum mortoni
  • Thylacine darner (Acanthaeschna victoria)
  • Gynacantha bispina
  • Gynacantha constricta
  • Petaliaeschna flavipes
  • Yemen hawker (Pinheyschna yemenensis)
  • Planaeschna celia
  • Sarasaeschna niisatoi
Other Odonata species

Other arthropod species

See also

References

  1. ^ "IUCN Red List version 2016.1". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
  2. ^ "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  3. ^ "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 January 2016.