List of thelodont genera

Thelodonti is a class of extinct Palaeozoic jawless fishes with distinctive scales instead of large plates of armor. Thelodonts are united in possession of "thelodont scales". This defining character is not necessarily a result of shared ancestry, as it may have been evolved independently by different groups. Thus, the thelodonts are generally thought to represent a polyphyletic group, although there is no firm agreement on this point. On the basis that they are monophyletic, they are reconstructed as being ancestrally marine and invading freshwater on multiple occasions.

Accepted genera

Subclass Thelodonti – Jaekel, 1911^[1] – 55^[2] genera
Name	Species	Range
Amaltheolepis^[3] Ørvig, 1969	Type species: A. winseni Ørvig, 1969 Five other species A. austfjordi Žigaitė et al., 2013 A.? baltica Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1978 A. bystrovi Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1978 A. montiwatsoni Žigaitė et al., 2013 A. terranovi Blom et al., 2022	Pragian–Eifelian Europe
Angaralepis^[4] Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1997	Type species: A. moskalenkoae (Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1978)	Llandovery Siberia
Apalolepis^[5] Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1968	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}	Latest Silurian(?)–Lochkovian^[a] United States
Archipelepis^[6] Märss, 2001	Type species: A. turbinata Soehn, Märss, Caldwell & Wilson, 2001 One other species A. bifurcata Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Late Llandovery–Early Wenlock Canada
Arianalepis^[7] Hairapetian, Roelofs & Trinajstic, 2016	Type species: A. megacostata Hairapetian, Roelofs & Trinajstic, 2016	Late Devonian Australia, Iran
Australolepis^[8] Turner & Dring, 1981	Type species: A. seddoni Turner & Dring, 1981	Givetian–Late Devonian Australia, Iran, Poland
Barlowodus^[9] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: B. excelsus Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002 Two other species B. floralis Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002 B. tridens Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Lochkovian Canada
Boothialepis^[10] Märss, 1999	Type species: B. thorsteinssoni Märss, 1999	Early Devonian Canada
Boreania^[11] Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1985	Type species: B. minima Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1985	Pridoli–Lochkovian United States, Europe^[2]
Canonia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Chattertonodus^[6] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: C. cometoides Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Pridoli Canada
Cometicercus^[12] Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Type species: C. cometoides Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Lochkovian Canada
Drepanolepis^[13] Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Type species: D. maerssae Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Lochkovian Canada
Eestilepis^[6] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: E. prominens Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Wenlock Canada
Erepsilepis^[14] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: E. margaritifera Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Wenlock Canada
Furcacauda^[15] Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Type species: F. heintzae (Dineley & Loeffler, 1976) One other species F. fredholmae Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Lochkovian Canada
Gampsolepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Glacialepis^[16] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: G. corpulenta Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Lochkovian Canada
Goniporus ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Helenolepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Illoganellia^[16] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: I. colossea Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Wenlock Canada
Jesslepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Lanarkia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Larolepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Loganellia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Longodus ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Nethertonodus ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Nikolivia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Niurolepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Noturinia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Nunavutia^[17] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: N. fasciata Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Ludlow Canada
Oeselia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Overia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Paralogania ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Parathelodus ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Pezopallichthys^[18] Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Type species: P. ritchiei Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Wenlock Canada
Phillipsilepis^[19] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: P. crassa Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002 Two other species P. cornuta Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002 P. pusilla Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Wenlock Canada
Phlebolepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Praetrilogania ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Sandivia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Shielia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Skamolepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Sophialepis^[16] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: S. ancorata Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Lochkovian Canada
Sphenonectris^[20] Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Type species: S. turnerae Wilson & Caldwell, 1998	Lochkovian Canada
Stroinolepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Talimaalepis^[21] Žigaitė, 2004	Type species: T. rimae Žigaitė, 2004 One other species T. kadvoiensis (Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1978)	Llandovery–Pridoli Mongolia, Siberia
Talivalia^[22]^[23]^[24] Märs, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002	Type species: T. elongata (Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1978) One other species T. svalbardia Žigaitė et al., 2013	Pridoli–Lower Devonian North America, Europe
Thelodus ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Thulolepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Trimerolepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Turinia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Valiukia ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Valyalepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}
Woodfjordia^[25] Žigaitė et al., 2013	Type species: W. collisa Žigaitė et al., 2013	Emsian^[2] Svalbard
Zueguelepis ,	Type species: {{{type-species}}} {{{type-authority}}}, {{{type-authority-year}}}

^ The range is affected by uncertainties in the position of the Roberts Mountains Formation's Silurian–Devonian boundary.

Other genera

Genera from Märss et al., 2007, not present in the list above.^[26]

Genus	Status
Bystrowia
Cephalopterus
Coelolepides
Coelolepis
Goniophorus
Gonioporus
Katoporodus
Katoporus
Loganella	Preoccupied, synonym of Loganiella^[27]
Logania	Preoccupied, synonym of Loganiella^[27]
Pachylepis	Synonym of Thelodus
Paraturinia
Sigurdia
Thelolepis
Thelolepsis
Turinea
Zuegelepis

References

^ Blom et al. 2023, p. 10.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ferrón et al. 2018, Appendix S1.
^ Blom et al. 2023, p. 10–13.
^ Žigaitė 2013, p. 126, 141.
^ Burrow, Murphy & Turner 2023, p. 2, 23–24.
^ ^a ^b ^c Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 103.
^ Hairapetian, Roelofs & Trinajstic 2016, p. 280.
^ Turner & Ginter 2018, p. 469–470.
^ Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 114–115.
^ Märss 1999, p. 1082–1084.
^ Burrow, Murphy & Turner 2023, p. 2, 22–23.
^ Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 15.
^ Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 16.
^ Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 98.
^ Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 20–22.
^ ^a ^b ^c Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 94.
^ Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 94–95.
^ Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 12.
^ Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 101–103.
^ Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 17–18.
^ Žigaitė 2013, p. 133–137.
^ Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 111.
^ Žigaitė et al. 2013, p. 62.
^ Blom et al. 2023, p. 24.
^ Žigaitė et al. 2013, p. 59.
^ Märss, Turner & Karatajūte-Talimaa 2007, p. 143.
^ ^a ^b Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 90.

Works cited

Blom, Henning; Vaškaninová, Valéria; Karatajūtė-Talimaa, Valentina; Žigaitė, Živilė (2023). "Thelodont scales from the Lower Devonian of Novaya Zemlya Archipelago, Arctic Russia". Spanish Journal of Palaeontology. 38 (1): 9–14. doi:10.7203/sjp.26231.
Burrow, Carole Jan; Murphy, Michael; Turner, Susan (2023). "Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U.S.A." PaleoBios. 40 (4). doi:10.5070/P940454153.
Ferrón, Humberto G.; Martínez-Pérez, Carlos; Turner, Susan; Manzanares, Esther; Botella, Héctor (March 2018). Rahman, Imran (ed.). "Patterns of ecological diversification in thelodonts". Palaeontology. 61 (2): 303–315. Bibcode:2018Palgy..61..303F. doi:10.1111/pala.12347. hdl:10550/85568. ISSN 0031-0239.
Hairapetian, Vachik; Roelofs, Brett P. A.; Trinajstic, Kate M.; Turner, Susan (January 2016). "Famennian survivor turiniid thelodonts of North and East Gondwana". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 423 (1): 273–289. Bibcode:2016GSLSP.423..273H. doi:10.1144/SP423.3. ISSN 0305-8719.
Lukševičs, E.; Lebedev, O.A.; Zakharenko, G.V. (March 2010). "Palaeozoogeographical connections of the Devonian vertebrate communities of the Baltica Province. Part I. Eifelian–Givetian". Palaeoworld. 19 (1–2): 94–107. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2010.02.001.
Märss, T. (December 1999). "A New Late Silurian or Early Devonian Thelodont from the Boothia Peninsula, Arctic Canada". Palaeontology. 42 (6): 1079–1099. Bibcode:1999Palgy..42.1079M. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00111. ISSN 0031-0239.
Märss, Tiiu; Turner, S.; Karatajūte-Talimaa, V. (2007). "Thelodonti". In H.P. Schultze (ed.). Handbook of Palaeoichthyology (PDF) (Agnatha II). Vol. 1B. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
Märss, Tiiu; Wilson, Mark V. H.; Thorsteinsson, Raymond (2002). "New thelodont (Agnatha) and possible chondrichthyan (Gnathostomata) taxa established in the Silurian and Lower Devonian of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago" (PDF). Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, Geology. 51 (2): 88. doi:10.3176/geol.2002.2.02.
Turner, Susan; Ginter, Michał (2018). "Middle Devonian thelodont Australolepis sp. (Thelodonti) from the Skały Formation, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland" (PDF). Acta Geologica Polonica. 68 (3).
Wilson, Mark V. H.; Caldwell, Michael W. (10 April 1998). "The Furcacaudiformes: a new order of jawless vertebrates with thelodont scales, based on articulated Silurian and Devonian fossils from northern Canada". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 18 (1): 10–29. Bibcode:1998JVPal..18...10W. doi:10.1080/02724634.1998.10011031. ISSN 0272-4634.
Žigaitė, Živilė (July 2013). "Endemic thelodonts (Vertebrata: Thelodonti) from the Lower Silurian of central Asia and southern Siberia". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 104 (2): 123–143. Bibcode:2013EESTR.104..123Z. doi:10.1017/S1755691013000467. ISSN 1755-6910.
Žigaitė, Živilė; Karatajūtė-Talimaa, Valentina; Goujet, Daniel; Blom, Henning (March 2013). "Thelodont scales from the Lower and Middle Devonian Andrée Land Group, Spitsbergen". GFF. 135 (1): 57–73. Bibcode:2013GFF...135...57Z. doi:10.1080/11035897.2012.762549. ISSN 1103-5897.

[6] The range is affected by uncertainties in the position of the Roberts Mountains Formation's Silurian–Devonian boundary.

[FOOTNOTEBlomVaškaninováKaratajūtė-TalimaaŽigaitė202310-1] Blom et al. 2023, p. 10.

[FOOTNOTEFerrónMartínez‐PérezTurnerManzanares2018Appendix_S1-2] Ferrón et al. 2018, Appendix S1.

[FOOTNOTEBlomVaškaninováKaratajūtė-TalimaaŽigaitė202310–13-3] Blom et al. 2023, p. 10–13.

[FOOTNOTEŽigaitė2013126,_141-4] Žigaitė 2013, p. 126, 141.

[FOOTNOTEBurrowMurphyTurner20232,_23–24-5] Burrow, Murphy & Turner 2023, p. 2, 23–24.

[FOOTNOTEMärssWilsonThorsteinsson2002103-7] Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 103.

[FOOTNOTEHairapetianRoelofsTrinajstic2016280-8] Hairapetian, Roelofs & Trinajstic 2016, p. 280.

[FOOTNOTETurnerGinter2018469–470-9] Turner & Ginter 2018, p. 469–470.

[FOOTNOTEMärssWilsonThorsteinsson2002114–115-10] Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 114–115.

[FOOTNOTEMärss19991082–1084-11] Märss 1999, p. 1082–1084.

[FOOTNOTEBurrowMurphyTurner20232,_22–23-12] Burrow, Murphy & Turner 2023, p. 2, 22–23.

[FOOTNOTEWilsonCaldwell199815-13] Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 15.

[FOOTNOTEWilsonCaldwell199816-14] Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 16.

[FOOTNOTEMärssWilsonThorsteinsson200298-15] Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 98.

[FOOTNOTEWilsonCaldwell199820–22-16] Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 20–22.

[FOOTNOTEMärssWilsonThorsteinsson200294-17] Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 94.

[FOOTNOTEMärssWilsonThorsteinsson200294–95-18] Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 94–95.

[FOOTNOTEWilsonCaldwell199812-19] Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 12.

[FOOTNOTEMärssWilsonThorsteinsson2002101–103-20] Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 101–103.

[FOOTNOTEWilsonCaldwell199817–18-21] Wilson & Caldwell 1998, p. 17–18.

[FOOTNOTEŽigaitė2013133–137-22] Žigaitė 2013, p. 133–137.

[FOOTNOTEMärssWilsonThorsteinsson2002111-23] Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 111.

[FOOTNOTEŽigaitėKaratajūtė-TalimaaGoujetBlom201362-24] Žigaitė et al. 2013, p. 62.

[FOOTNOTEBlomVaškaninováKaratajūtė-TalimaaŽigaitė202324-25] Blom et al. 2023, p. 24.

[FOOTNOTEŽigaitėKaratajūtė-TalimaaGoujetBlom201359-26] Žigaitė et al. 2013, p. 59.

[FOOTNOTEMärssTurnerKaratajūte-Talimaa2007143-27] Märss, Turner & Karatajūte-Talimaa 2007, p. 143.

[FOOTNOTEMärssWilsonThorsteinsson200290-28] Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson 2002, p. 90.

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