List of mammals of Quebec

This list of mammals in Quebec is based on the "List of vertebrate fauna of Quebec".[1] It includes species that have disappeared in recent history and introduced species. It contains 97 species in nine orders: one species of didelphimorphs, ten species of insectivores, eight species of chiropterans, three species of lagomorphs, 25 species of rodents, 21 species of fissipeds, five species of artiodactyls, seven species of pinnipeds, and 17 species of cetaceans.

This list is focused on wild mammals only. As such, humans, domesticated mammals and exotic pets are not included.

Didelphimorphia

Photo Names
(English / Scientific) 		IUCN Status Notes Range Map
Family Didelphidae
Virginia opossum
Didelphis virginiana 		LC The only marsupial in North America. Poorly adapted to Quebec winters, it can disappear completely from the northern part of its range during harsh winters until individuals from the south recolonize the territory.[2]

Insectivora

Photo Names
(English / Scientific) 		IUCN Status Notes Range Map
Family Soricidae
Cinereus shrew
Sorex cinereus 		LC The most widespread shrew in Quebec and North America.[3][4] Often also the most abundant in the habitats it occupies, particularly in the boreal forest.[2]
Smoky shrew
Sorex fumeus 		LC
Arctic shrew
Sorex arcticus 		LC The distribution of this species corresponds largely to the boreal forest.[4]
Long-tailed shrew
Sorex dispar 		LC This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[5]
Gaspé shrew
Sorex gaspensis 		NE Rare, this shrew is also the only endemic to Canada.[4] In Quebec, it is found in the regions of Gaspésie, Chaudière-Appalaches and Estrie.[6] It is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable.[5]
American water shrew
Sorex palustris 		LC This shrew has an extensive range, but it is not abundant and rarely observed.[3][4]
American pygmy shrew
Sorex hoyi 		LC The smallest mammal in eastern Canada.[2] Although its range is vast, this shrew is rare.[3]
Northern short-tailed shrew
Blarina brevicauda 		LC Common within its range.[3]
Family Talpidae
Hairy-tailed mole
Parascalops breweri 		LC
Star-nosed mole
Condylura cristata 		LC The most northern of the North American moles.[3]

Chiroptera

Photo Names
(English / Scientific) 		IUCN Status Notes Range Map
Family Vespertilionidae
Little brown bat
Myotis lucifugus 		LC COSEWIC considers this species as endangered.[7]
Northern long-eared bat
Myotis septentrionalis 		LC COSEWIC considers this species as endangered.[8]
Eastern small-footed bat
Myotis leibii 		LC This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[5]
Tricolored bat
Perimyotis subflavus 		LC COSEWIC considers this species as endangered.[9] The MFFP considers it likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable.[5]
Silver-haired bat
Lasionycteris noctivagans 		LC Migratory species.[10] This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[5]
Eastern red bat
Lasiurus borealis 		LC Migratory species.[11] This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[5]
Hoary bat
Lasiurus cinereus 		LC Migratory species.[12] This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[5]
Big brown bat
Eptesicus fuscus 		LC

Lagomorpha

Photo Names
(English / Scientific) 		IUCN Status Notes Range Map
Family Leporidae
Eastern cottontail
Sylvilagus floridanus 		LC Expanding in southern Quebec.[2]
Snowshoe hare
Lepus americanus 		LC Introduced to Anticosti Island during the winter of 1902-1903.[13]
Arctic hare
Lepus arcticus 		LC

Rodentia

Photo Names
(English / Scientific) 		IUCN Status Notes Range Map
Family Sciuridae
Eastern chipmunk
Tamias striatus 		LC
Least chipmunk
Tamias minimus 		LC
Groundhog
Marmota monax 		LC
Eastern gray squirrel
Sciurus carolinensis 		LC The Eastern gray squirrel has been introduced to various locations in western North America, England, Scotland, Ireland, Italy and South Africa.[3]
American red squirrel
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus 		LC
Southern flying squirrel
Glaucomys volans 		LC This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[5]
Northern flying squirrel
Glaucomys sabrinus 		LC
Family Castoridae
North American beaver
Castor canadensis 		LC Introduced to Anticosti Island in 1890, in the Haida Gwaii archipelago, in Finland (1937), in the Kamchatka peninsula, in Poland, in Tierra del Fuego (1948), in Argentina and in France (1970s).[13][2][3]
Family Cricetidae
Deer mouse
Peromyscus maniculatus 		LC This species occupies a large part of North America and is abundant. It is found in a great variety of habitats. Its swimming abilities have allowed it to colonize several islands.[3]
White-footed mouse
Peromyscus leucopus 		LC
Southern red-backed vole
Myodes gapperi 		LC
Eastern heather vole
Phenacomys ungava 		LC The taxonomy of this species is subject to controversy. Some consider P. ungava as an integral part of P. intermedius.[3]
Woodland vole
Microtus pinetorum 		LC Present only in southern Estrie and Montérégie. The MFFP considers this species likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable.[4] COSEWIC considers the status of this species as special concern.
Meadow vole
Microtus pennsylvanicus 		LC Extensive distribution. Present throughout Quebec.[3]
Rock vole
Microtus chrotorrhinus 		LC This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[4]
Muskrat
Ondatra zibethicus 		LC Introduced to Anticosti Island in 1930.
Southern bog lemming
Synaptomys cooperi 		LC This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[4]
Northern bog lemming
Synaptomys borealis 		LC
Ungava collared lemming
Dicrostonyx hudsonius 		LC Endemic to the Quebec-Labrador peninsula.
Family Muridae
Brown rat
Rattus norvegicus 		LC Originally from East Asia, the Brown rat has colonized all continents except Antarctica. It is estimated to have appeared in North America around 1750. Distribution in northern regions is fluctuating given that winter cold often decimates populations, but these are constantly renewed with the reintroduction of new individuals via maritime transport.[3]
Black rat
Rattus rattus 		LC Originally from Asia, like the Brown rat, the Black rat has colonized all continents except Antarctica via maritime transport. In Quebec, it is found only in the Port of Montreal where its presence is increasing.
House mouse
Mus musculus 		LC Originally from the Old World, the House mouse was introduced to Canada during the 17th century.
Family Dipodidae
Meadow jumping mouse
Zapus hudsonius 		LC
Woodland jumping mouse
Napaeozapus insignis 		LC
Family Erethizontidae
North American porcupine
Erethizon dorsatum 		LC

Carnivora

Photo Names
(English / Scientific) 		IUCN Status Notes Range Map
Family Canidae
Coyote
Canis latrans 		LC In constant expansion since European colonization.[3] The first mention in Quebec comes from Luskville in the municipality of Pontiac in 1944.[14][15]
Gray wolf
Canis lupus 		LC COSEWIC considers the Eastern wolf (C. l. lycaon) as threatened. Formerly present throughout Quebec, it was decimated from regions south of the St. Lawrence River during the second half of the 19th century.[16][17][18]
Arctic fox
Vulpes lagopus 		LC The Arctic fox has the most insulating fur of all mammals.[19]
Red fox
Vulpes vulpes 		LC
Gray fox
Urocyon cinereoargenteus 		LC COSEWIC considers this species as threatened.[20]
Family Ursidae
American black bear
Ursus americanus 		LC Once abundant on Anticosti Island, the American black bear is now extinct there.[21]
Polar bear
Ursus maritimus 		VU MFFP considers the Polar bear as vulnerable.[4] COSEWIC considers the status of this species as special concern.[22]
Grizzly bear
Ursus arctos 		LC A now extinct population of Grizzly bear once occupied northern Quebec and Labrador until the beginning of the twentieth century.[23]
Family Procyonidae
Raccoon
Procyon lotor 		LC Introduced to the Haida Gwaii archipelago, Prince Edward Island, Grand Manan Island, Europe and Russia.[3]
Family Mustelidae
American marten
Martes americana 		LC Disappeared from Anticosti Island at the beginning of the 20th century.[24]
Fisher
Martes pennanti 		LC
Stoat
Mustela erminea 		LC
Least weasel
Mustela nivalis 		LC This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[4]
Long-tailed weasel
Mustela frenata 		LC
American mink
Neovison vison 		LC Introduced to South America, Europe and Asia.[3]
Wolverine
Gulo gulo 		LC COSEWIC considers the status of the Wolverine as special concern.[25] In Quebec, the range and abundance have greatly diminished from the 19th century.[26]
North American river otter
Lontra canadensis 		LC
Family Mephitidae
Striped skunk
Mephitis mephitis 		LC
Family Felidae
Cougar
Puma concolor 		LC The Cougar is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[4] The population has undergone significant decline in eastern North America, but recently several signs may betray a return of the species.[27][28]
Canada lynx
Lynx canadensis 		LC
Bobcat
Lynx rufus 		LC

Artiodactyla

Photo Names
(English / Scientific) 		IUCN Status Notes Range Map
Family Cervidae
White-tailed deer
Odocoileus virginianus 		LC Introduced to Anticosti Island in 1896.
Moose
Alces americanus 		LC
Woodland caribou
Rangifer tarandus caribou 		NE The status of the subspecies R. t. caribou is not evaluated by the IUCN, but the status of the species R. tarandus is of least concern. The Ministry of Forests, Wildlife and Parks considers the Woodland caribou, forest ecotype as vulnerable, but the Woodland caribou, mountain ecotype, Gaspésie population as threatened.[4] COSEWIC considers the Gaspésie-Atlantic, Eastern migratory and Torngat Mountains populations as endangered and the boreal population as threatened.[29][30][31][32]
Elk
Cervus canadensis 		LC The subspecies C. c. canadensis, now extinct, once occupied southern Quebec until the 1830s. The first specimen of this species described by Johann Christian Erxleben in 1777 came from Quebec.[33][34]
Family Bovidae
Muskox
Ovibos moschatus 		LC Muskoxen were introduced in 1967 in the Kuujjuaq region. Initially captive, they were released to return to the wild from 1973.[35]

Pinnipedia

Photo Names
(English / Scientific) 		IUCN Status Notes Range Map
Family Phocidae
Harbor seal
Phoca vitulina 		LC COSEWIC considers the Lacs des Loups Marins subspecies (P. v. mellonae) as endangered.[36] The MFFP considers the same subspecies as likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable.[4]
Grey seal
Halichoerus grypus 		LC
Harp seal
Pagophilus groenlandicus 		LC
Hooded seal
Cystophora cristata 		VU
Ringed seal
Pusa hispida 		LC
Bearded seal
Erignathus barbatus 		LC
Family Odobenidae
Walrus
Odobenus rosmarus 		VU The MFFP considers this species as likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable.[4] COSEWIC considers the status of the Central Arctic and Low Arctic population (O. r. rosmarus) as special concern. A population once occupied the coastal waters of the Maritimes and the Gulf of St. Lawrence until the 1800s but was hunted to extinction.[37][38]

Cetacea

Photo Names
(English / Scientific) 		IUCN Status Notes Range Map
Family Phocoenidae
Harbour porpoise
Phocoena phocoena 		LC This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP and COSEWIC considers it as special concern.[39]
Family Delphinidae
Atlantic white-sided dolphin
Lagenorhynchus acutus 		LC
White-beaked dolphin
Lagenorhynchus albirostris 		LC
Short-beaked common dolphin
Delphinus delphis 		LC
Long-finned pilot whale
Globicephala melas 		LC
Killer whale
Orcinus orca 		DD COSEWIC considers the Northwest Atlantic and Eastern Arctic population as special concern.[40]
Family Monodontidae
Beluga whale
Delphinapterus leucas 		LC The Ministry of Forests, Wildlife and Parks considers the St. Lawrence Estuary population as threatened and the Eastern Hudson Bay and Ungava Bay populations as likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable.[4] COSEWIC considers the St. Lawrence Estuary, Eastern Hudson Bay and Ungava Bay populations as threatened.[41][42][43]
Narwhal
Monodon monoceros 		NT COSEWIC considers the status of this species as special concern.[44]
Family Ziphiidae
Northern bottlenose whale
Hyperoodon ampullatus 		DD COSEWIC considers the Scotian Shelf population as endangered and the Davis Strait, Baffin Bay and Labrador Sea population as special concern.[45][46]
Family Physeteridae
Sperm whale
Physeter macrocephalus 		VU
Family Balaenopteridae
Common minke whale
Balaenoptera acutorostrata 		LC
Fin whale
Balaenoptera physalus 		VU This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP[4] and COSEWIC considers the Atlantic population as special concern.[47]
Sei whale
Balaenoptera borealis 		EN
Blue whale
Balaenoptera musculus 		EN This species is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP. COSEWIC considers the Atlantic population as endangered.[48]
Humpback whale
Megaptera novaeangliae 		LC
Family Balaenidae
North Atlantic right whale
Eubalaena glacialis 		EN The North Atlantic right whale is likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable by the MFFP.[4] Population recovery is hindered by human-caused mortality.[49]
Bowhead whale
Balaena mysticetus 		LC COSEWIC considers the Eastern Canada and Western Greenland population as special concern.[50]

References

  1. ^ "MFFP - Vertebrate fauna of Quebec". www3.mffp.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  2. ^ a b c d e Prescott, Jacques (2013). Mammifères du Québec et de l'est du Canada (in French). ISBN 978-2-89435-652-4.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Naughton, Donna (2016). Histoire naturelle des mammifères du Canada (in French). Musée canadien de la nature. ISBN 978-2-89762-099-8.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Desrosiers, Nathalie; Jutras, Jacques (2002). Atlas des micromammifères du Québec (in French). Société de la faune et des parcs du Québec, Direction du développement de la faune. ISBN 2-550-39486-0.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "Liste des espèces désignées comme menacées". www3.mffp.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs (MFFP). Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  6. ^ Cameron, Austin W (1958). "Mammals of Anticosti Island". Mammals of the islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. National Museum of Canada. Bulletin. Vol. 154. Ottawa: Superintendent of Publications, Queen's printer.
  7. ^ "Species profile (Little brown myotis) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  8. ^ "Species profile (Northern myotis) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  9. ^ "Species profile (Tricolored bat) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  10. ^ "MFFP - Wildlife species threatened or vulnerable in Quebec - Silver-haired bat". www3.mffp.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-12.
  11. ^ "MFFP - Wildlife species threatened or vulnerable in Quebec - Eastern red bat". www3.mffp.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-12.
  12. ^ "MFFP - Wildlife species threatened or vulnerable in Quebec - Hoary bat". www3.mffp.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-12.
  13. ^ a b Zhang, Ya-Ping; Wu, Dong-Dong; Li, Hai-Peng; Yao, Yong-Gang (2018). "Out of Southern East Asia of the Brown Rat Revealed by Large-Scale Genome Sequencing". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 35 (1): 149–158. doi:10.1093/molbev/msx276. ISSN 0737-4038.
  14. ^ Larivière, Serge; Crête, Michel (1992). Causes et conséquences de la colonisation du Québec par le coyote (Canis latrans) (in French). Québec: Ministère du Loisir, de la Chasse et de la Pêche. ISBN 978-2-550-26428-6.
  15. ^ Young, Stanley Paul; Jackson, Hartley H T (1951). The clever coyote (1st ed.). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Company. p. 32. The National Museum has secured a specimen from near Luskville, Gatineau County, Quebec, taken Oct. 29, 1944, apparently the first record for Quebec.
  16. ^ "Species profile (Eastern wolf) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  17. ^ Peterson, Randolph L (1966). The mammals of Eastern Canada. Toronto: Oxford University Press. p. 200.
  18. ^ Jolicoeur, Hélène; Hénault, Michel (2002). Répartition géographique du loup et du coyote au sud du 52e parallèle et estimation de la population de loups du Québec (in French). Québec: Direction du développement de la faune. ISBN 978-2-550-39485-3.
  19. ^ Prestrud, Pål (1991). "Adaptations by the Arctic Fox (Alopex lagopus) to the Polar Winter". Arctic. 44 (2): 132–138. doi:10.14430/arctic1529. ISSN 0004-0843. JSTOR 40511073.
  20. ^ "Species profile (Grey fox) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  21. ^ Côté, Steeve D; de Bellefeuille, Sonia (2006). "Disparition de la population d'ours noirs de l'île d'Anticosti : le cerf de Virginie serait-il coupable ?". Le Naturaliste canadien (in French). 130 (1): 51–55. ISSN 0028-0798.
  22. ^ "Species profile (Polar bear) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  23. ^ "Species profile (Grizzly bear Ungava population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  24. ^ Newsom, William Monypeny (1937). "Mammals on Anticosti Island". Journal of Mammalogy. 18 (4). American Society of Mammalogists: 435–442. ISSN 0022-2372. JSTOR 1374333.
  25. ^ "Species profile (Wolverine) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-08.
  26. ^ Moisan, Michèle (1996). Rapport sur la situation du carcajou (Gulo gulo) au Québec (PDF) (in French). Québec: Ministère de l'environnement et de la faune, Direction de la faune et des habitats. ISBN 978-2-550-30644-3.
  27. ^ "Cougar". www3.mffp.gouv.qc.ca (in French). MFFP - Wildlife species threatened or vulnerable in Quebec. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  28. ^ Le Duing, Lang; et al. (2013). "Genetic Confirmation of Cougars (Puma concolor) in Eastern Canada". Northeastern Naturalist. 20 (3): 383–396. doi:10.1656/045.020.0302. ISSN 1092-6194.
  29. ^ "Species profile (Caribou Gaspésie-Atlantic population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  30. ^ "Species profile (Caribou Eastern migratory population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  31. ^ "Species profile (Caribou Torngat Mountains population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  32. ^ "Species profile (Caribou Boreal population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  33. ^ Toweill, Dale E; Thomas, Jack Ward; Metz, Daniel P (2002). "Distribution: Past and Present". North American elk: ecology and management. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-58834-018-4.
  34. ^ "Elk". www3.mffp.gouv.qc.ca (in French). MFFP - Vertebrate fauna of Quebec. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  35. ^ Le Henaff, Didier (1985). "Introduction du bœuf musqué, Ovibos moschatus, au Nouveau-Québec et état actuel des populations en liberté". Canadian Field-Naturalist (in French). 99 (1): 103–104. ISSN 0008-3550.
  36. ^ "Species profile (Harbour seal Lacs des Loups Marins subspecies) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  37. ^ "Species profile (Atlantic walrus Central Arctic and Low Arctic population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  38. ^ "Species profile (Atlantic walrus Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Gulf of St. Lawrence population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  39. ^ "Species profile (Harbour porpoise Northwest Atlantic population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  40. ^ "Species profile (Killer whale Northwest Atlantic and Eastern Arctic population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  41. ^ "Species profile (Beluga whale St. Lawrence Estuary population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  42. ^ "Species profile (Beluga whale Eastern Hudson Bay population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  43. ^ "Species profile (Beluga whale Ungava Bay population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  44. ^ "Species profile (Narwhal) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  45. ^ "Species profile (Northern bottlenose whale Scotian Shelf population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  46. ^ "Species profile (Northern bottlenose whale Davis Strait, Baffin Bay and Labrador Sea population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. COSEWIC. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  47. ^ "Species profile (Fin whale Atlantic population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  48. ^ "Species profile (Blue whale Atlantic population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  49. ^ Corkeron, Peter; et al. (2018). "The recovery of North Atlantic right whales, Eubalaena glacialis, has been constrained by human-caused mortality". Royal Society Open Science. 5 (11). doi:10.1098/rsos.180892. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 6281934.
  50. ^ "Species profile (Bowhead whale Eastern Canada and Western Greenland population) - Species at Risk Public Registry". species-registry.canada.ca. Retrieved 2018-12-15.

This article was translated from Liste des mammifères au Québec.


See also

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.