List of insect-borne diseases

This article contains a list of insect-borne diseases. They can take the form of parasitic worms, bacteria, protozoa, viruses, or the insects directly acting as a parasite.

Insect-borne diseases

Mosquitoes

Mosquitoes are vectors for a large number of diseases, the large majority being viral in nature. Mosquito-borne viruses fall into four major groups: Bunyavirales, Flaviviridae, Reoviridae, and Togaviridae. They can present as either arbovirus encephalitis or viral hemorrhagic fevers.

Viral diseases
Group Presentation Disease Primary vector
Bunyavirales Arbovirus encephalitis Batai virus
Bunyavirales Arbovirus encephalitis Bwamba Fever
Bunyavirales Arbovirus encephalitis California encephalitis
Bunyavirales Arbovirus encephalitis Jamestown Canyon encephalitis
Bunyavirales Arbovirus encephalitis La Crosse encephalitis Aedes triseriatus (eastern tree hole mosquito)[1]
Bunyavirales Arbovirus encephalitis Oropouche fever
Bunyavirales Arbovirus encephalitis Tahyna virus
Bunyavirales Arbovirus encephalitis Tete virus
Bunyavirales Viral hemorrhagic fever Bunyamwera fever
Bunyavirales Viral hemorrhagic fever Rift Valley fever Culex spp[2]
Flaviviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Japanese encephalitis Culex spp
Flaviviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Murray Valley encephalitis virus Culex spp esp. Culex annulirostris
Flaviviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Rocio viral encephalitis Psorophora ferox and possibly other Culex spp
Flaviviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Saint Louis encephalitis Culex pipiens (northern house mosquito), C. quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito)[2]
Flaviviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Spondweni fever
Flaviviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Usutu virus
Flaviviridae Arbovirus encephalitis West Nile fever
Flaviviridae Viral hemorrhagic fever Dengue fever
Flaviviridae Viral hemorrhagic fever Yellow fever
Flaviviridae Viral hemorrhagic fever Zika fever
Reoviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Banna virus Culex spp
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Barmah Forest virus Vectors include Aedes vigilax and Culex annulirostris
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Chikungunya Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Eastern equine encephalitis Culiseta melanura (black-tailed mosquito)[2][3]
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Mayaro virus disease Haemagogus spp
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis O'nyong'nyong fever anopheline mosquitoes
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Pogosta disease
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Ross River fever Vectors in different areas include: Culex annulirostris (inland), Aedes vigilax (northern coastal regions) and Aedes camptorhynchus (southern coastal regions)
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Semliki Forest virus
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Culex spp esp Aedes albopictus
Togaviridae Arbovirus encephalitis Western equine encephalitis virus Culex tarsalis[4]
Non-viral diseases
Disease type Disease name Infects
Parasitic fly Dermatobia hominis Myiasis humans and other animals, including other primates
Parasitic worm Dirofilariasis humans; hosts include canids
Parasitic worm Lymphatic filariasis (sometimes resulting in elephantiasis) humans
Protozoa Malaria vertebrates

Other insects

Insect Disease type Disease name
Black fly (Simulium) Parasitic worm Mansonelliasis
Black fly (Simulium) Parasitic worm Onchocerciasis (river blindness)
Deer fly (Chrysopsinae) Bacteria Tularemia
Deer fly (Chrysopsinae) Parasitic worm Loa loa filariasis
Flea Bacteria Murine typhus
Flea Bacteria Plague
Flour beetle Parasitic worm Hymenolepis nana (tapeworm)
Kissing bug Protozoa Chagas disease
Louse Bacteria Bacillary angiomatosis
Louse Bacteria Epidemic typhus
Louse Bacteria Relapsing fever
Louse Bacteria Trench fever
Midge (Culicoides) Parasitic worm Mansonelliasis
Midge (Culicoides) Virus Oropouche fever
Sandfly (Phlebotominae) Bacteria Carrion's disease
Sandfly (Phlebotominae) Protozoa Leishmaniasis
Sandfly (Phlebotominae) Virus Adria virus (ADRV)
Sandfly (Phlebotominae) Virus Chandipura vesiculovirus
Sandfly (Phlebotominae) Virus Pappataci fever
Tsetse fly Protozoa African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)

Direct parasites

Type Name
Flea Human flea
Flea Tunga penetrans (Tungiasis)
Fly (myiasis) Cochliomyia hominivorax (screw-worm)
Fly (myiasis) Cordylobia anthropophaga (blow-fly)
Fly (myiasis) Dermatobia hominis (botfly)
Hemiptera Bed bug
Louse Pediculosis capitis (Head louse)
Louse Pediculosis corporis (Body louse)
Louse Pediculosis pubis (Crab louse)

See also

References

  1. ^ Goddard, J (2008). Goddard, Jerome (ed.). Infectious Diseases and Arthropods. Humana Press. p. 21. doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-400-5. ISBN 978-1-60327-400-5. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  2. ^ a b c Goddard 2008, p. 21.
  3. ^ Contigiani, MS; Diaz, LA (2017). "Togaviridae". In Marcondes, C (ed.). Arthropod Borne Diseases. Cham: Springer. pp. 115–135. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13884-8. ISBN 978-3-319-13883-1. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  4. ^ Goddard 2008, p. 54.