List of banned political parties

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This article provides a list of political parties that were or are currently banned by the countries in which they were or are based. Party bans can be democratic or authoritarian.[1] "Altering the character of the nation" has been referenced as an argument for banning parties.[2] Ethnic party bans are prevalent in parts of Africa.[3]

By country

Argentina

In 1943, Pedro Pablo Ramírez banned all political parties after overthrowing the government.[4]

Algeria

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Algerian Communist Party Arabic: لحزب الشيوعي الجزائري, French: Parti Communiste Algérien Communism, Marxism-Leninism 1962
Algerian National Movement Arabic: لحركة الوطنية الجزائرية, Berber languages: Amussu Aɣelnaw Adzayri, French: Mouvement National Algérien
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Algeria Arabic: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي في الجزائر, romanized: Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-Arabi Al-Ishtiraki fy Aljeza'ir, French: Parti Ba'ath Arabe Socialiste d'Algérie Neo-Ba'athism, Saddamism [5]
Étoile Nord-Africaine (North African Star) Arabic: نجم شمال أفريقيا 1937
Islamic Salvation Front Arabic: الجبهة الإسلامية للإنقاذ, romanized: al-Jabhah al-Islāmiyah lil-Inqādh, French: Front Islamique du Salut Anti-democracy, Islamism, Jihadism, Qutbism 1992
Liberal Social Party French: Parti Social Libéral 1998 [6]
Party of the Socialist Revolution Arabic: حزب الثورة الاشتراكية,French: Parti de la Révolution Socialiste Socialism
Wafaa 2000 [7]

Bangladesh

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Awami League Bengali: বাংলাদেশ আওয়ামী লীগ Big-tent 2025 [8]

Bhutan

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Bhutan People's Party Democratic socialism, Lhotshampa interests 1990 [9]
Communist Party of Bhutan (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist) Communism, Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, republicanism 2003

Brazil

The Brazilian Communist Party was suppressed during the Vargas Era, but were later able to participate in the 1945 and 1947 elections. However, the party was banned by Eurico Gaspar Dutra in May 1947, and all of its elected officials, barring those elected with support from other parties, were removed from office.[10]

Brazilian Integralist Action was banned after the Integralist Uprising in 1938.[11]

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Brazilian Communist Party Communism 1947 [10]
Brazilian Integralist Action Brazilian Integralism 1938 [11]

Bulgaria

All political parties were banned in Bulgaria in 1934.[12]

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Ratniks Nazism 1939 [13]

China

See also: List of political parties in China § Banned parties
Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Zhi Xian Party Chinese: 中国至宪党 Chinese New Left, Chongqing model, Maoism 2013 [14][15]

Egypt

All political parties were banned in 1953, following the 1952 Egyptian revolution, but were allowed to exist in 1976.[16]

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Anti-Coup Alliance Arabic: التحالف الوطني لدعم الشرعية Islamism 2014 [17]
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party - Egypt Region Arabic: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي - مصر, romanized: Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-Arabi Al-Ishtiraki – Misr Neo-Ba'athism, Saddamism
Democratic Movement for National Liberation Arabic: الحركة الديمقراطية للتحرر الوطنى Communism, Marxism, revolutionary socialism 1953 [18]
Egyptian Communist Organisation Arabic: المنظمة الشيوعية المصرية, romanized: al-Munaẓẓamah aš-Šiūʿīah al-Miṣriyyah Communism
Freedom and Justice Party Arabic: حزب الحرية والعدالة, romanized: Ḥizb al-Ḥurriyyah wa-l-ʿAdālah Islamism, mixed economy, social conservatism
Independence Party Arabic: حزب الاستقلال Islamism 2014 [19]
Jewish Anti-Zionist League Arabic: الرابطة الإسرائيلية لمكافحة الصهيونية Anti-colonialism, anti-racism, communism, Jewish anti-Zionism
Liberal Constitutional Party Arabic: حزب الاحرار الدستوريين, romanized: Ḥizb al-aḥrār al-dustūriyyīn Constitutionalism, social liberalism 1952
Muslim Brotherhood Arabic: جماعة الاخوان المسلمين, romanized: jamāʿat al-ʾiḫwān/al-ikhwan/el-ekhwan al-muslimīn Mixed economy, social conservatism, Sunni Islamism
National Democratic Party Arabic: الحزب الوطني الديمقراطي, romanized: Al-Ḥizb Al-Waṭanī Ad-Dīmūqrāṭī Egyptian nationalism, populism 2011
Wafd Party Arabic: حزب الوفد, romanized: Ḥizb al-Wafd, lit. 'Delegation Party' Egyptian nationalism, national liberalism 1953 [16]
Watani Party Arabic: ﺍﻟﺤﺰﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ, romanized: al-Ḥizb al-Waṭanī, lit. 'National Party' Anglophobia, anti-imperialism, Egyptian nationalism 1953 [16]

Eswatini

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Communist Party of Swaziland Communism [20]
Convention for Full Democracy in Swaziland [20]
Ngwane National Liberatory Congress African socialism [20]
Ngwane Socialist Revolutionary Party [20]
People's United Democratic Movement Democratic socialism [20]
Swaziland National Front [20]

Georgia

Name Native Name Ideology Year Banned Notes Reference
Communist Party of Georgia საქართველოს კომუნისტური პარტია Communism
Marxism-Leninism		 1991 [21]
Centrists ცენტრისტები Russophilia 2016 Banned from election [22]

Germany

All political parties were banned in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia after the annexation of Czechoslovakia.[23] During World War II political parties in Luxembourg and Norway were banned following their occupations by Germany.[24][25]

Name Native Name(s) Ideology Year Banned Notes Reference
Socialist Reich Party Sozialistische Reichspartei Deutschlands Neo-Nazism 1952 [26]
Communist Party of Germany Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands Communism 1956 [26]

Greece

Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas banned all political parties in 1936.[27]

Golden Dawn was ruled as a criminal organization in 2020.[28] It was the first party banned in Greece since the end of the Greek junta in 1974.[29] A law passed in 2023 prohibiting parties led by people convicted of crimes from running in elections resulted in Golden Dawn and National Party – Greeks being prohibited from the 2023 Greek legislative election.[30][31]

Name Native Name Ideology Year Banned Year Legalized Notes Reference
Communist Party of Greece Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας Communism
Marxism–Leninism		 1936 1974 Banned by Ioannis Metaxas [32]
Golden Dawn Χρυσή Αυγή Neo-Nazism
Neo-Fascism		 2020 Ruled as a criminal organization [28]
National Party – Greeks Εθνικό Kόμμα – Έλληνες Neo-Fascism 2023 Effectively banned [30]
National Popular Consciousness Εθνική Λαϊκή Συνείδηση Neo-Fascism 2023 Dissolved following an effective ban [33]
Spartans Σπαρτιάτες Neo-Fascism 2024 Banned from running [34]

Hong Kong

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Hong Kong National Party 香港民族黨 Hong Kong independence 2018 [35]

Iran

See also: List of political parties in Iran § Opposition parties active in exile
Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Islamic Iran Participation Front 2010 [36]
Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran Organization 2010 [36]

Iraq

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Islamic Dawa Party [37]

Japan

Douglas MacArthur considered banning the Japanese Communist Party (JCP) on 3 May 1950. Twenty-four members of the JCP's central committee were removed from office in June and its newspaper, Shimbun Akahata, was banned on June 27.[38]

Moldova

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Notes Reference(s)
Șor Party Russophilia, Hard euroscepticism 2023 Banned [39][40]
Chance Political Party Russophilia, Hard euroscepticism 2023 Banned from running [41]
Victory Russophilia, Hard euroscepticism 2024 Banned from campaigning [42]

Nepal

King Tribhuvan of Nepal banned the Communist Party of Nepal.[43] The Nepali Congress, under the leadership of BP Koirala, won the 1959 election, but King Mahendra of Nepal dissolved the House of Representatives on 15 December 1960. The Rastriya Panchayat was formed and all political parties were banned.[44][43][45]

A referendum was held in 1980 to determine whether to maintain the Panchayat system or institute a multi-party system. The Panchayat system was maintained with 54% of the vote.[46] On 6 April 1990, King Birendra of Nepal ended the ban on political parties in response to the 1990 Nepalese revolution and the 1991 election was the first multi-party election since 1960.[47][48]

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Communist Party of Nepal Communism [43]
Nepali Congress Social democracy
Democratic socialism 		[44]

Peru

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
National Alliance of Workers, Farmers, University Students, and Reservists Alianza Nacional de Trabajadores, Agricultores, Universitarios, Reservistas y Obreros Ethnocacerism 2024 [49]

Philippines

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Year legalize Notes Reference(s)
Philippine Communist Party Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930 Communism 1957 1992
Communist Party of the Philippines Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas Communism 1968 1992 [50]
Duterte Youth Duterte Youth Dutertism 2025 Retrospectively banned from running [51]

Russia

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Communist Party of the Soviet Union Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза Communism, Marxism–Leninism 1991 [52]
Communist Party of the RSFSR Коммунистическая партия РСФСР Communism, Marxism–Leninism 1991 [52]
National Salvation Front Фронт национального спасения Corporate Statism, Broad Anti-Yeltsinism 1993 [53]
Russian National Unity Русское национальное единство Neo-Nazism 2003 [54]
National Bolshevik Party Национал-большевистская партия National Bolshevism 2007 [55]
National Socialist Society Национал-социалистическое общество Neo-Nazism 2010 [56]
Slavic Union Славянский союз Neo-Nazism 2010 [57]
National Socialist Worker's Party of Russia Национал-социалистическая рабочая партия России Neo-Nazism 2010 [58]
People's Will Army Армия воли народа Left-wing nationalism, Antisemitism 2011 [54]
Movement Against Illegal Immigration Движение против нелегальной иммиграции Ethnic nationalism 2011 [59]
Russian All-National Union Русский общенациональный союз Orthodox nationalism 2011 [60]
Northern Brotherhood Северное братство Neo-Nazism, Slavic Neopaganism 2012 [61]
Minin and Pozharsky's People's Militia Народное ополчение имени Минина и Пожарского Russian nationalism, Militarism 2015 [62]
Russians Русские Ethnic nationalism 2015 [63]
Volya Воля Conspiracy theorism, Personalism 2016 [54]
Artpodgotovka Артподготовка Populism, Civic nationalism 2017 [54]
Course of Truth and Unity Курсом правды и единения Conspiracy theorism, Occultism 2018 [64]
Bashkort Башҡорт Bashkir nationalism, Separatism 2020 [65]
Nation and Freedom Committee Комитет «Нация и свобода» Russian ultranationalism 2020 [66]
FBK and Navalny Headquarters ФБК и Штабы Навального Liberal democracy, Anti-corruption 2021 [67]
Male State Мужское государство National patriarchy, Racism 2021 [68]
Adat People's Movement Ӏадат халкъан болам Chechen nationalism, Separatism 2022 [69]
All-Tatar Public Center Бөтентатар Иҗтимагый Үзәге Tatar nationalism, Separatism 2022 [70]
People's Self-Defense Народная самооборона Anarcho-communism 2022 [71]
Vesna Весна Liberal democracy 2022 [72]
Oirat-Kalmyk People's Congress Конгресс ойрат-калмыцкого народа Kalmyk nationalism, Separatism 2023 [73]
Freedom of Russia Legion Легион «Свобода России» Anti-Putinism, Far-right[74] 2023 [75]
Russian Volunteer Corps Русский добровольческий корпус Anti-Putinism, Far-right 2023 [76]
Ethnic National Union Этническое национальное объединение Neo-Nazism 2023 [77]

Romania

Prime Minister Patriarch Miron of Romania banned all political parties in 1939.[78]

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Iron Guard Garda de Fier Fascism 1939 [78]

Spain

Batasuna was the first political party banned following the end of Francisco Franco's dictatorship.[79]

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Batasuna Basque nationalism 2003 [79]

Sri Lanka

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Tamil United Liberation Front Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism 1983 [80]

Sudan

Jaafar Nimeiry overthrew the government in 1969, and banned all political parties. He was overthrown by a coup d'état in 1985, and a new government was formed by Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab. He legalized political parties, but they were banned again after Omar al-Bashir overthrew the government.[81][82]

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Sudanese Ba'ath Party Ba'athism [83]
Sudanese Communist Party Communism 1989 [84]
National Congress Party المؤتمر الوطني Islamism 2019 [85]

Thailand

All political parties, except for the Democrat Party, were dissolved following the 2006 coup d'état and their members banned from seeking office for five years.[86] Thai Rak Thai Party members joined the People's Power Party after the TRT was banned and then the Pheu Thai Party after the PPP was banned. Thai Nation Party members joined the Chart Thai Pattana Party after their party was banned.[87]

Legend:   TRT lineage   FFP lineage

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Communist Party of Thailand Communism [88]
Thais Love Thais Party Phak Thai Rak Thai Populism 2007 [89]
Pandin Thai 2007 [90]
Prachatipatai Kaona 2007 [90]
Pattana Chart Thai 2007 [90]
People's Power Party Phak Phalang Prachachon Populism 2008 [90]
Thai Nation Party 2008 [90]
Neutral Democratic Party Phak Matchima Thippathai Populism 2008 [90]
Future Forward Party Phak Anakhot Mai Social democracy 2020 [91]
Move Forward Party Phak Kao Klai Social democracy 2024 [92]

Turkey

Main article: List of illegal political parties in Turkey

All political parties were dissolved following the 1980 coup d'état and other parties were banned after of the many coup d'états in the 20th century.

Legend:   CHP lineage   DP lineage   MP lineage   MNP lineage   HEP tradition

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Progressive Republican Party Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası 1925 [93]
People's Republican Party (Turkey) Ahali Cumhuriyet Fırkası 1931 [93]
Peasants and Villagers Party Çiftçi ve Köylü Partisi 1946 [93]
Islamic Protection Party İslam Koruma Partisi Islamism 1946 [93]
Türkiye Sosyalist Emekçi ve Köylü Partisi Türkiye Sosyalist Emekçi ve Köylü Partisi Socialism 1946 [93]
Democratic Workers' Party Demokrat İşçi Partisi 1950 [93]
Güden Partisi 1951 [93]
Islamic Democratic Party (Turkey) İslam Demokrat Partisi Islamism 1952 [93]
Turkey Socialist Party Türkiye Sosyalist Partisi Socialism 1952 [93]
Nation Party Millet Partisi Nationalism 1954 [93]
Small Party Ufak Parti 1957 [93]
Democrat Party Demokrat Parti Liberal conservatism 1960 [93]
Equality Party Müsavat Partisi 1961 [93]
Homeland Party (1954) Vatan Partisi Marxism-Leninism 1966 [93]
Workers' and Farmers' Party İşçi-Çiftçi Partisi 1968 [93]
Workers' Party of Turkey Türkiye İşçi Partisi Socialism 1971 [93]
Turkey Progressive Idealist Party Türkiye İleri Ülkü Partisi 1971 [93]
National Order Party Millî Nizam Partisi Millî Görüş 1971 [93]
Great Anatolian Party Büyük Anadolu Partisi 1972 [93]
Turkish Labor Party Türkiye Emekçi Partisi 1980 [93]
Justice Party Adalet Partisi Liberal conservatism 1981 [93]
Democratic Party Demokratik Parti Liberal conservatism 1981 [93]
Nation Party Millet Partisi Nationalism 1981 [93]
Nationalist Movement Party Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi Nationalism 1981 [93]
National Salvation Party Millî Selamet Partisi Millî Görüş 1981 [93]
Republican People's Party Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi Kemalism 1981 [93]
Republican Reliance Party Cumhuriyetçi Güven Partisi Kemalism 1981 [93]
National Women's Party of Turkey Türkiye Ulusal Kadınlar Partisi Feminism 1981 [93]
Unity Party of Turkey Türkiye Birlik Partisi Alevi interests 1981 [93]
Socialist Workers' Party of Turkey Türkiye Sosyalist İşçi Partisi Marxism-Leninism 1981 [93]
Homeland Party (1954) (second time) Vatan Partisi Marxism-Leninism 1981 [93]
Workers' Party of Turkey (second time) Türkiye İşçi Partisi Socialism 1981 [93]
Socialist Revolution Party Sosyalist Devrim Partisi Democratic socialism 1981 [93]
Order Party Nizam Partisi 1981 [93]
Workers' and Peasants' Party of Turkey Türkiye İşçi Köylü Partisi Socialism 1981 [93]
Socialist Homeland Party Sosyalist Vatan Partisi Socialism 1981 [93]
Libertarian Nation Party Hürriyetçi Millet Partisi 1981 [93]
Free Democrats Party Hür Demokratlar Partisi 1981 [93]
Turkish Peace Party Türkiye Huzur Partisi 1983 [93]
People's Party (Turkey, 1989) Halk Partisi Kemalism 1991 [93]
United Communist Party of Turkey Türkiye Birleşik Komünist Partisi Marxism-Leninism 1991 [93]
Socialist Party (Turkey, 1988) Sosyalist Parti Socialism 1992 [93]
People's Labour Party Halkın Emek Partisi Kurdish nationalism 1993 [93]
Freedom and Democracy Party Özgürlük ve Demokrasi Partisi Kurdish nationalism 1993 [93]
Democracy Party Demokrasi Partisi Kurdish nationalism 1994 [93]
Welfare Party Refah Partisi Millî Görüş 1998 [93]
Democracy and Change Party Demokrasi ve Değişim Partisi Kurdish nationalism 1995 [93]
Virtue Party Fazilet Partisi Millî Görüş 2001 [93]
People's Democracy Party Halkın Demokrasi Partisi Kurdish nationalism 2003 [93]
Democratic Society Party Demokratik Toplum Partisi Kurdish nationalism 2009 [93]

Ukraine

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet) Комуністична партія України Communism, Marxism–Leninism 1991 [94]
Donetsk Republic Донецкая республика Russian nationalism, Donbas separatism 2007
Eurasian Youth Union Євразійський союз молоді Neo-Eurasianism, Russian irredentism 2011
Russian Unity Русское единство Russian nationalism, Russian irredentism 2014 [95]
Russian Bloc Русский блок Russophilia, Pan-Slavism 2014 [96]
Communist Party of the DPR Коммунистическая партия ДНР Communism, Donbas separatism 2014 (de facto)
New Russia Party Партия «Новороссия» Russian nationalism, Donbas separatism 2014 (de facto)
Communist Party of Ukraine Комуністична партія України Communism, Marxism–Leninism 2015, 2022 [97][98]
Communist Party of Ukraine (renewed) Комуністична партія України (оновлена) Communism, Marxism–Leninism 2015 [99]
Communist Party of Workers and Peasants Комуністична партія робітників і селян Communism, Marxism–Leninism 2015 [99]
Opposition Platform — For Life Опозиційна платформа — За життя Social democracy, Regionalism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
Opposition Bloc Опозиційний блок Social liberalism, Regionalism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
Socialist Party of Ukraine Соціалістична партія України Social democracy, Democratic socialism 2022 [100]
Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine Прогресивна соціалістична партія України Left-wing populism, Pan-Slavism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
Workers Party of Ukraine (Marxist–Leninist) Робітнича партія України (марксистсько-ленінська) Communism, Marxism–Leninism 2022 [101]
Derzhava Держава Socialism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
Union of Left Forces Союз лівих сил Socialism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
Nashi Наші Social conservatism, Regionalism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
Left Opposition Ліва опозиція Left-wing populism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
Volodymyr Saldo Bloc Блок Володимира Сальдо Kherson regionalism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
Socialists Соціалісти Socialism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
One Rus Русь Єдина Russophilia, Putinism 2022 [102]
Happy Ukraine Щаслива Україна Russophilia, Economic liberalism 2022 [103]
Great Ukraine Велика Україна Socialism, Russophilia 2022 [103]
Justice and Development Справедливості та розвитку Chernobyl disaster veterans' interests 2022 [103]
Party of Shariy Партія Шарія Libertarianism, Russophilia 2022 [100]
Party of Regions Партія регіонів Social democracy, Regionalism, Russophilia 2023 [104]
Our Land Наш край Social democracy, Regionalism, Russophilia 2024 [105]

United States

Multiple states, including California, directly banned the Communist Party USA while other states indirectly did so by banning parties that supported overthrowing the government using violence. Communist candidates were removed from the ballot in Arizona and Georgia in 1940, as the secretaries of state ruled that they could not honestly take the oath to uphold the Constitution of the United States.[106] In 1954, the US government passed the Communist Control Act of 1954 which outlawed the party and made membership in the party a criminal offense. Most of those provisions, however, have either been repealed or ruled unconstitutional.

Name Native name(s) Ideology Year banned Reference(s)
Communist Party USA Communism 1954 [107]

See also

References

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  64. ^ https://tass.ru/proisshestviya/6310819 В 2018 году в России запретили деятельность четырех экстремистских организаций
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