List of Bruniales of South Africa

Bruniales is a valid botanic name at the rank of order in the flowering plants. Until recently it was not in use, but a 2008 study suggested that Bruniaceae and Columelliaceae are sister clades.[1] The APG III revision of the APG system, places both families as the only members of the order Bruniales, which is sister to the Apiales, and one of the asterid taxa.[2]

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[3]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[4] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[5]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[6]

One family is represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Bruniaceae

Family: Bruniaceae,[6]

Audouinia

Genus Audouinia:[6]

Berardia

Genus Berardia:[6]

  • Berardia angulata E.Mey. ex Sond. accepted as Brunia angulata (E.Mey. ex Sond.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Berardia dregeana Sond. accepted as Brunia dregeana (Sond.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Berardia laevis E.Mey. ex Sond. accepted as Brunia latebracteata A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Berardia sphaerocephala Sond. accepted as Brunia sphaerocephala (Sond.) A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Berardia trigyna Schltr. accepted as Brunia trigyna (Schltr.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic

Berzelia

Genus Berzelia:[6]

Brunia

Genus Brunia:[6]

Linconia

Genus Linconia:[6]

  • Linconia alopecuroidea L. endemic
  • Linconia cuspidata (Thunb.) Sw. endemic
  • Linconia deusta (Thunb.) Pillans, accepted as Linconia cuspidata (Thunb.) Sw. indigenous
  • Linconia ericoides E.G.H.Oliv. endemic

Lonchostoma

Genus Lonchostoma:[6]

  • Lonchostoma esterhuyseniae Strid, accepted as Brunia esterhuyseniae (Dummer) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Lonchostoma monogynum (Vahl) Pillans, accepted as Brunia monogyna (Vahl) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Lonchostoma myrtoides (Vahl) Pillans, accepted as Brunia myrtoides (Vahl) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Lonchostoma obtusiflorum Wikstr. accepted as Brunia pentandra (Thunb.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Lonchostoma pentandrum (Thunb.) Druce, accepted as Brunia pentandra (Thunb.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Lonchostoma purpureum Pillans, accepted as Brunia purpurea (Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic

Mniothamnea

Genus Mniothamnea:[6]

  • Mniothamnea bullata Schltr. accepted as Brunia bullata (Schltr.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Mniothamnea callunoides (Oliv.) Nied. accepted as Brunia callunoides (Oliv.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic

Nebelia

Genus Nebelia:[6]

  • Nebelia fragarioides (Willd.) Kuntze, accepted as Brunia fragarioides Willd. endemic
  • Nebelia laevis (E.Mey.) Kuntze, accepted as Brunia latebracteata A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Nebelia paleacea (P.J.Bergius) Sweet, accepted as Brunia paleacea P.J.Bergius, endemic
  • Nebelia sphaerocephala (Sond.) Kuntze, accepted as Brunia sphaerocephala (Sond.) A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Nebelia stokoei Pillans, accepted as Brunia powrieae Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Nebelia tulbaghensis Schltr. ex Dummer, accepted as Brunia tulbaghensis (Schltr. ex Dummer) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic

Pseudobaeckea

Genus Pseudobaeckea:[6]

  • Pseudobaeckea africana (Burm.f.) Pillans, accepted as Brunia africana (Burm.f.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Pseudobaeckea cordata (Burm.f.) Nied. accepted as Brunia cordata (Burm.f.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
    • Pseudobaeckea cordata (Burm.f.) Nied. var. monostyla Pillans, accepted as Brunia monostyla (Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. indigenous
  • Pseudobaeckea palustris Schltr. ex Dummer, accepted as Brunia palustris (Schltr. ex Dummer) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Pseudobaeckea stokoei Pillans, accepted as Brunia pillansii Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Pseudobaeckea teres (Oliv.) Dummer, accepted as Thamnea teres (Oliv.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic

Ptyxostoma

Genus Ptyxostoma:[6]

  • Ptyxostoma monogyna Vahl, accepted as Brunia monogyna (Vahl) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Ptyxostoma myrtoides Vahl, accepted as Brunia myrtoides (Vahl) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic

Raspalia

Genus Raspalia:[6]

  • Raspalia angulata (E.Mey. ex Sond.) Nied. accepted as Brunia angulata (E.Mey. ex Sond.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia barnardii Pillans, accepted as Brunia barnardii (Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia dregeana (Sond.) Nied. accepted as Brunia dregeana (Sond.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia globosa (Lam.) Pillans, accepted as Brunia squalida E.Mey. ex Sond. endemic
  • Raspalia microphylla (Thunb.) Brongn. accepted as Brunia microphylla Thunb. endemic
  • Raspalia oblongifolia Pillans, accepted as Brunia oblongifolia (Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia palustris (Schltr. ex Dummer) Pillans, accepted as Brunia palustris (Schltr. ex Dummer) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia palustris (Schltr. ex Kirchn.) Pillans, accepted as Brunia palustris (Schltr. ex Dummer) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia passerinoides C.Presl, accepted as Brunia phylicoides Thunb. endemic
  • Raspalia phylicoides (Thunb.) Arn. accepted as Brunia phylicoides Thunb. endemic
  • Raspalia sacculata (Bolus ex Kirchn.) Pillans, accepted as Brunia sacculata (Bolus ex Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia sacculata (Bolus ex Kirchn.) Pillans, accepted as Brunia sacculata (Bolus ex Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia schlechteri Dummer, accepted as Brunia schlechteri (Dummer) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia staavioides (Sond.) Pillans, accepted as Staavia staavioides (Sond.) A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Raspalia stokoei Pillans, accepted as Brunia thomae Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia trigyna (Schltr.) Dummer, accepted as Brunia trigyna (Schltr.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia variabilis Pillans, accepted as Brunia variabilis (Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Raspalia villosa C.Presl, accepted as Brunia villosa (C.Presl) E.Mey. ex Sond. endemic
  • Raspalia virgata (Brongn.) Pillans, accepted as Brunia virgata Brongn. endemic

Staavia

Genus Staavia:[6]

Thamnea

Genus Thamnea:[6]

  • Thamnea depressa Oliv. endemic
  • Thamnea diosmoides Oliv. accepted as Thamnea unstulata (Thunb.) A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Thamnea gracilis (Kuntze) Oliv. endemic
  • Thamnea hirtella Oliv. endemic
  • Thamnea massoniana Dummer, endemic
  • Thamnea matroosbergensis A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Thamnea teres (Oliv.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Thamnea thesioides Dummer, endemic
  • Thamnea uniflora Sol. ex Brongn. endemic
  • Thamnea unstulata (Thunb.) A.V.Hall, endemic

Tittmannia

Genus Tittmannia:[6]

  • Tittmannia esterhuyseniae Powrie, accepted as Audouinia esterhuyseniae (Powrie) A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Tittmannia hispida Pillans, accepted as Audouinia hispida (Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Tittmannia laevis Pillans, accepted as Audouinia laevis (Pillans) A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Tittmannia laxa (Thunb.) C.Presl, accepted as Audouinia laxa (Thunb.) A.V.Hall, endemic
    • Tittmannia laxa (Thunb.) C.Presl subsp. oliveri (Dummer) Powrie, accepted as Audouinia laxa (Thunb.) A.V.Hall, endemic
    • Tittmannia laxa (Thunb.) C.Presl var. langebergensis Pillans, accepted as Audouinia laxa (Thunb.) A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Tittmannia oliveri Dummer, accepted as Audouinia laxa (Thunb.) A.V.Hall, endemic
  • Tittmannia pruinosa Dummer, accepted as Audouinia laxa (Thunb.) A.V.Hall, endemic

References

  1. ^ Winkworth, Richard C.; Lundberg, Johannes; Donoghue, Michael J. (2008). "Toward a resolution of Campanulid phylogeny, with special reference to the placement of Dipsacales". Taxon. 57 (1): 53–65.
  2. ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  3. ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
  4. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  5. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
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