List of countries by life expectancy

This list of countries and territories by life expectancy provides a comprehensive list of countries alongside their respective life expectancy figures. The data is differentiated by sex, presenting life expectancies for males, females, and a combined average. In addition to sovereign nations, the list encompasses several non-sovereign entities and territories. The figures serve as an indicator of the quality of healthcare in the respective countries and are influenced by various factors, including the prevalence of diseases such as HIV/AIDS.

This article introduces the concept of Healthy life expectancy (HALE), which denotes the average number of years a person is expected to live in "full health". There are challenges in comparing life expectancies across countries due to disparities in data reporting and collection standards. The primary source of the most recent data presented is the World Bank Group's 2022 report.

Methodology

The life expectancy is shown separately for males and for females, as well as a combined figure. Several non-sovereign entities and territories are also included in this list.

The figures reflect the quality of healthcare in the countries listed, as well as other factors including HIV infections.

From the start of the 21st century, estimates of healthy life expectancy (HALE), the average number of years that a person can expect to live in "full health", are also produced.[2][3]

Comparing life expectancies across countries can be difficult, due to poor reporting in some countries and different local standards in collecting statistics.

This is especially true for healthy life expectancy, the definition of which may change over time, even within a country. For example, Canada is a country with a fairly high overall life expectancy at 81.63 years. This number decreases to 75.5 years for Indigenous people in Canada.[4] This discrepancy is echoed in most quality of life metrics across Canada.

United Nations (2023)

Estimations are by the analytical agency of the UN.[1] Only countries with populations over 50,000 are listed. Due to this criterion, the table does not include such countries as Monaco (LE 86.37 years, population 39,000), San Marino (LE 85.71 years, population 34,000), and Saint Barthélemy (LE 84.29 years, population 11,000). The values are rounded. All calculations were made with raw data.

These values are used to calculate the Human Development Index.

UN: Estimate of life expectancy for various ages in 2023

Location links in this table are "Demographics by LOCATION" links.

UN: Estimate of life expectancy for various ages in 2023
Locations Life expectancy for population in general Life expectancy for male Life expectancy for female Sex gap
at birth bonus
0→15
at 15 bonus
15→65
at 65 bonus
65→80
at 80 at birth at 15 at 65 at 80 at birth at 15 at 65 at 80 at birth at 15 at 65 at 80
 Hong Kong 85.51 0.21 70.72 2.47 23.19 3.27 11.45 82.84 68.06 21.21 10.26 88.13 73.33 25.21 12.54 5.29 5.27 4.00 2.27
 Japan 84.71 0.24 69.96 2.54 22.49 3.45 10.95 81.69 66.93 19.98 9.27 87.74 72.98 24.85 12.20 6.05 6.05 4.87 2.93
 South Korea 84.33 0.30 69.63 1.69 21.32 4.14 10.45 81.19 66.51 18.63 8.40 87.16 72.44 23.55 11.68 5.96 5.93 4.92 3.27
 French Polynesia 84.07 0.58 69.65 1.85 21.50 3.72 10.23 81.78 67.37 19.58 8.88 86.50 72.07 23.48 11.37 4.73 4.70 3.90 2.48
 Andorra 84.04 0.58 69.62 1.85 21.47 3.72 10.19 82.10 67.68 19.81 9.03 86.11 71.70 23.18 11.16 4.01 4.02 3.36 2.13
 Switzerland 83.95 0.36 69.31 2.20 21.51 3.46 9.97 82.01 67.38 20.05 9.08 85.83 71.17 22.83 10.63 3.82 3.80 2.78 1.54
 Australia 83.92 0.35 69.27 2.38 21.65 3.35 10.00 82.10 67.45 20.32 9.14 85.74 71.08 22.93 10.74 3.64 3.62 2.62 1.60
 Singapore 83.74 0.27 69.00 2.87 21.87 3.87 10.74 81.24 66.51 20.03 9.66 86.24 71.50 23.53 11.50 5.00 4.99 3.50 1.84
 Italy 83.72 0.26 68.98 2.33 21.31 3.46 9.77 81.57 66.84 19.67 8.77 85.75 70.99 22.76 10.50 4.18 4.15 3.09 1.73
 Spain 83.67 0.29 68.96 2.58 21.54 3.57 10.11 80.96 66.26 19.48 8.96 86.31 71.58 23.40 10.94 5.35 5.32 3.92 1.98
 Réunion 83.55 0.60 69.14 3.10 22.24 3.67 10.91 80.53 66.16 20.37 9.88 86.33 71.89 23.83 11.60 5.80 5.73 3.46 1.72
 France 83.33 0.39 68.72 3.31 22.03 3.58 10.61 80.43 65.85 20.00 9.41 86.09 71.44 23.78 11.45 5.66 5.59 3.78 2.04
 Norway 83.31 0.25 68.56 2.19 20.75 3.53 9.28 81.75 67.02 19.58 8.37 84.85 70.07 21.84 10.02 3.10 3.05 2.27 1.65
 Malta 83.30 0.78 69.08 2.35 21.42 3.98 10.41 81.27 66.86 19.36 8.83 85.26 71.26 23.35 11.61 3.99 4.40 3.98 2.79
 Guernsey 83.27 0.64 68.91 2.00 20.91 3.91 9.82 81.01 66.65 19.03 8.55 85.58 71.20 22.77 10.88 4.56 4.55 3.75 2.33
 Sweden 83.26 0.24 68.50 2.42 20.92 3.71 9.63 81.44 66.69 19.55 8.69 85.10 70.33 22.23 10.40 3.66 3.64 2.69 1.71
 Macau 83.08 0.29 68.37 2.33 20.70 3.05 8.75 80.83 66.22 19.24 7.92 85.25 70.43 22.19 9.47 4.42 4.21 2.95 1.55
 United Arab Emirates 82.91 0.54 68.45 1.57 20.01 3.21 8.23 81.98 67.56 19.39 7.64 84.20 69.70 20.72 8.86 2.23 2.14 1.33 1.22
 Iceland 82.69 0.16 67.85 2.92 20.77 3.52 9.29 80.98 66.22 19.82 8.72 84.51 69.57 21.73 9.80 3.52 3.35 1.91 1.08
 Canada 82.63 0.46 68.09 3.39 21.48 3.84 10.32 80.43 65.92 20.03 9.36 84.83 70.25 22.81 11.08 4.40 4.33 2.77 1.72
 Martinique 82.56 0.84 68.41 3.07 21.47 4.07 10.54 79.25 65.14 19.30 9.44 85.62 71.41 23.43 11.36 6.36 6.28 4.14 1.92
 Israel 82.41 0.40 67.81 3.05 20.86 3.87 9.73 80.18 65.62 19.65 9.22 84.59 69.95 21.93 10.12 4.41 4.33 2.28 0.89
 Ireland 82.41 0.31 67.72 2.77 20.49 3.91 9.41 80.37 65.71 19.06 8.45 84.48 69.76 21.88 10.20 4.11 4.04 2.82 1.76
 Qatar 82.37 0.51 67.88 1.73 19.61 3.96 8.57 81.61 67.17 18.94 7.96 83.37 68.83 20.43 9.31 1.76 1.67 1.49 1.35
 Portugal 82.36 0.32 67.68 3.20 20.88 3.73 9.61 79.44 64.77 18.97 8.63 85.12 70.41 22.52 10.29 5.68 5.64 3.55 1.66
 Bermuda 82.31 0.26 67.56 3.25 20.81 4.01 9.82 78.86 64.18 18.01 8.02 85.74 70.92 23.36 11.12 6.89 6.73 5.36 3.10
 Luxembourg 82.23 0.81 68.03 2.93 20.96 3.67 9.63 80.57 66.17 19.39 8.65 83.84 69.86 22.39 10.33 3.27 3.68 3.00 1.68
 Netherlands 82.16 0.37 67.53 2.58 20.11 3.83 8.94 80.54 65.93 18.82 8.05 83.74 69.08 21.30 9.64 3.20 3.15 2.48 1.59
 Belgium 82.11 0.37 67.48 3.01 20.50 4.15 9.65 79.86 65.25 18.83 8.66 84.33 69.67 22.01 10.37 4.47 4.41 3.19 1.71
 New Zealand 82.09 0.54 67.63 3.15 20.77 3.64 9.42 80.41 65.97 19.72 8.86 83.77 69.29 21.79 9.89 3.36 3.32 2.06 1.03
 Guadeloupe 82.05 0.80 67.85 4.10 21.95 4.17 11.11 78.13 64.05 19.50 9.28 85.53 71.18 23.97 12.36 7.40 7.13 4.47 3.08
 Austria 81.96 0.34 67.29 2.83 20.12 4.17 9.29 79.54 64.91 18.45 8.34 84.32 69.62 21.61 9.98 4.78 4.71 3.16 1.64
 Denmark 81.93 0.33 67.26 2.59 19.85 4.20 9.06 80.02 65.36 18.39 8.13 83.86 69.17 21.25 9.80 3.84 3.80 2.85 1.68
 Finland 81.91 0.28 67.19 3.13 20.32 3.92 9.24 79.17 64.45 18.36 8.07 84.67 69.93 22.11 10.09 5.50 5.48 3.75 2.02
 Greece 81.86 0.35 67.20 2.71 19.92 4.62 9.53 79.29 64.65 18.24 8.64 84.33 69.66 21.41 10.19 5.04 5.00 3.16 1.55
 Puerto Rico 81.69 0.55 67.24 3.63 20.88 4.63 10.51 78.03 63.59 18.61 9.24 85.24 70.79 22.92 11.52 7.21 7.19 4.31 2.27
 Cyprus 81.65 0.33 66.97 2.16 19.14 4.48 8.62 79.64 64.98 17.64 7.76 83.67 68.97 20.57 9.28 4.03 3.99 2.93 1.51
 Slovenia 81.60 0.24 66.85 2.93 19.78 4.43 9.21 78.90 64.17 17.87 8.18 84.34 69.54 21.47 9.86 5.44 5.37 3.59 1.67
 Germany 81.38 0.34 66.72 3.10 19.82 4.24 9.06 79.02 64.38 18.18 8.24 83.76 69.07 21.33 9.66 4.74 4.69 3.16 1.42
 United Kingdom 81.30 0.40 66.70 3.50 20.19 4.11 9.30 79.36 64.79 18.95 8.58 83.21 68.57 21.34 9.88 3.85 3.78 2.40 1.30
 Bahrain 81.28 0.66 66.94 2.61 19.55 4.46 9.01 80.67 66.39 19.10 8.50 81.99 67.59 20.04 9.54 1.31 1.20 0.94 1.04
 Chile 81.17 0.52 66.68 3.91 20.59 4.52 10.11 79.24 64.79 19.59 9.66 83.08 68.56 21.49 10.46 3.84 3.77 1.89 0.81
 Maldives 81.04 0.47 66.51 1.94 18.46 4.47 7.92 79.69 65.19 17.38 7.31 82.82 68.27 19.82 8.65 3.13 3.08 2.44 1.34
 Isle of Man 81.00 1.31 67.31 3.25 20.56 4.21 9.78 78.93 65.29 19.16 8.84 83.13 69.38 21.93 10.55 4.21 4.08 2.77 1.71
 Costa Rica 80.80 0.73 66.53 4.21 20.74 4.07 9.81 78.13 63.89 19.21 8.75 83.42 69.11 22.09 10.60 5.29 5.23 2.88 1.84
 Taiwan 80.56 0.40 65.96 4.22 20.18 3.90 9.08 77.63 63.04 18.50 8.18 83.61 68.99 21.77 9.82 5.98 5.96 3.27 1.65
 Kuwait 80.41 0.82 66.22 2.13 18.35 4.05 7.40 79.25 65.13 17.63 6.83 81.85 67.60 19.06 7.95 2.59 2.47 1.43 1.12
 Cayman Islands 80.36 0.22 65.58 5.05 20.64 4.19 9.82 77.98 63.18 18.76 8.69 82.87 68.11 22.51 10.79 4.89 4.93 3.75 2.11
 Faroe Islands 80.18 0.68 65.86 2.40 18.26 4.65 7.91 78.17 63.96 16.83 7.12 82.50 68.06 19.86 8.64 4.33 4.10 3.03 1.52
 Oman 80.03 1.01 66.04 2.48 18.53 4.63 8.16 78.49 64.58 17.35 7.47 81.88 67.82 19.72 8.77 3.39 3.24 2.37 1.30
 Czech Republic 79.83 0.28 65.11 3.54 18.66 4.81 8.47 77.00 62.29 16.71 7.56 82.64 67.90 20.32 9.03 5.64 5.60 3.61 1.47
 Jersey 79.71 0.91 65.61 2.81 18.43 4.81 8.23 77.72 63.60 16.80 7.25 81.76 67.69 20.04 9.06 4.04 4.09 3.24 1.81
 Albania 79.60 0.89 65.49 3.27 18.76 4.48 8.24 77.73 63.64 17.87 7.76 81.45 67.31 19.61 8.67 3.72 3.67 1.74 0.91
 Panama 79.59 1.49 66.09 4.49 20.58 4.49 10.06 76.65 63.23 18.64 8.89 82.56 68.95 22.35 10.94 5.90 5.72 3.71 2.05
 United States 79.30 0.57 64.88 5.12 20.00 4.61 9.61 76.86 62.47 18.67 8.87 81.85 67.38 21.22 10.17 4.99 4.91 2.55 1.30
 Estonia 79.15 0.26 64.41 4.39 18.80 5.21 9.02 74.90 60.21 15.85 7.77 83.04 68.23 20.90 9.55 8.14 8.03 5.05 1.78
 New Caledonia 78.77 1.02 64.78 4.35 19.14 3.50 7.64 76.28 62.40 17.93 6.94 81.29 67.18 20.27 8.17 5.01 4.78 2.34 1.23
 Saudi Arabia 78.73 0.67 64.41 3.80 18.21 4.93 8.13 77.10 62.81 17.18 7.49 81.16 66.80 19.51 8.78 4.06 3.99 2.33 1.29
 Poland 78.63 0.35 63.98 4.71 18.70 5.36 9.06 74.88 60.23 16.43 8.05 82.35 67.70 20.52 9.60 7.48 7.47 4.09 1.55
 Croatia 78.58 0.37 63.95 3.63 17.58 5.10 7.68 75.41 60.78 15.45 6.46 81.69 67.05 19.39 8.42 6.28 6.27 3.94 1.96
 Slovakia 78.34 0.51 63.85 4.31 18.16 5.27 8.43 75.02 60.56 16.06 7.70 81.58 67.06 19.83 8.81 6.56 6.50 3.77 1.11
 Uruguay 78.14 0.61 63.75 5.19 18.94 5.90 9.84 74.19 59.82 16.02 7.72 81.92 67.51 21.31 11.06 7.73 7.69 5.29 3.34
 Cuba 78.08 0.57 63.66 4.57 18.23 5.90 9.13 75.67 61.30 16.74 8.41 80.52 66.02 19.60 9.70 4.85 4.71 2.87 1.29
 Kosovo 78.03 0.78 63.81 3.13 16.94 5.38 7.32 75.80 61.62 15.45 6.61 80.12 65.85 18.24 7.82 4.31 4.22 2.79 1.22
 China 77.95 0.73 63.69 3.77 17.45 5.06 7.52 75.20 60.97 15.55 6.45 80.93 66.61 19.34 8.40 5.72 5.64 3.79 1.95
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 77.85 0.48 63.33 4.05 17.38 5.91 8.29 74.42 59.93 14.83 6.32 80.90 66.35 19.27 9.27 6.48 6.42 4.44 2.95
 Lebanon 77.82 1.59 64.41 3.23 17.64 5.17 7.81 75.74 62.40 16.09 6.86 79.73 66.25 18.98 8.40 3.99 3.85 2.89 1.53
 Jordan 77.81 1.21 64.02 3.31 17.32 5.31 7.64 75.71 61.99 15.73 6.67 80.19 66.32 19.01 8.42 4.48 4.33 3.28 1.75
 Peru 77.74 1.38 64.11 5.42 19.54 5.19 9.73 75.41 61.88 18.12 8.60 80.12 66.40 20.90 10.72 4.71 4.52 2.78 2.12
 Colombia 77.72 1.13 63.85 4.53 18.38 4.43 7.80 74.95 61.15 16.86 6.79 80.45 66.49 19.70 8.53 5.50 5.34 2.84 1.75
 Iran 77.65 1.17 63.83 3.76 17.59 4.39 6.98 75.79 61.99 16.79 6.43 79.63 65.76 18.36 7.42 3.84 3.76 1.57 1.00
 Antigua and Barbuda 77.60 0.86 63.46 4.94 18.41 5.37 8.78 74.55 60.42 16.01 7.02 80.29 66.14 20.33 9.88 5.75 5.71 4.32 2.86
 Sri Lanka 77.48 0.57 63.05 3.96 17.01 5.60 7.62 74.24 59.86 15.00 6.77 80.59 66.11 18.71 8.16 6.35 6.26 3.71 1.39
 Argentina 77.39 0.93 63.32 4.79 18.11 5.65 8.76 74.81 60.76 16.20 7.66 79.88 65.77 19.72 9.44 5.07 5.01 3.51 1.78
 North Macedonia 77.39 0.53 62.92 3.58 16.50 5.68 7.18 75.11 60.67 15.01 6.26 79.57 65.05 17.74 7.75 4.46 4.38 2.74 1.49
 Ecuador 77.39 1.12 63.51 5.24 18.75 4.58 8.34 74.66 60.86 17.25 7.32 80.14 66.17 20.10 9.09 5.47 5.32 2.86 1.77
 Guam 77.21 1.14 63.35 6.95 20.29 5.63 10.92 73.44 59.62 18.10 9.42 81.42 67.50 22.44 12.16 7.98 7.88 4.33 2.74
 Turkey 77.16 1.36 63.52 4.06 17.58 5.18 7.75 74.53 60.85 15.57 6.41 79.86 66.26 19.46 8.78 5.33 5.40 3.89 2.37
 Montenegro 77.09 0.40 62.48 4.33 16.82 5.75 7.57 73.73 59.16 14.54 6.08 80.31 65.67 18.71 8.45 6.58 6.52 4.17 2.37
 Hungary 77.02 0.37 62.40 4.76 17.16 5.84 8.00 73.71 59.11 15.04 7.26 80.19 65.52 18.78 8.37 6.48 6.41 3.74 1.10
 French Guiana 76.98 0.90 62.88 3.83 16.70 5.30 7.01 74.13 60.22 15.11 6.18 79.99 65.67 18.40 7.73 5.86 5.45 3.29 1.55
 Curaçao 76.80 0.97 62.77 4.08 16.86 5.70 7.56 72.46 58.58 13.90 5.78 80.82 66.61 19.23 8.55 8.37 8.03 5.33 2.77
 Serbia 76.77 0.44 62.21 4.52 16.73 6.30 8.03 73.50 58.96 14.51 6.59 80.04 65.45 18.71 9.06 6.54 6.49 4.20 2.46
 Malaysia 76.66 0.73 62.39 5.21 17.60 6.42 9.02 74.27 60.05 16.37 8.36 79.37 65.04 18.85 9.59 5.10 4.98 2.48 1.23
 Tunisia 76.51 0.99 62.50 3.88 16.39 5.70 7.09 73.92 59.98 14.88 6.41 79.15 65.07 17.79 7.57 5.23 5.09 2.91 1.16
 Thailand 76.41 0.90 62.31 7.29 19.61 5.05 9.65 72.16 58.15 17.79 8.87 80.86 66.66 21.19 10.21 8.70 8.51 3.40 1.34
 Aruba 76.35 1.26 62.61 3.79 16.40 4.78 6.17 73.70 60.02 14.81 5.20 78.78 64.97 17.71 6.78 5.08 4.95 2.90 1.58
 Algeria 76.26 1.82 63.09 3.29 16.38 5.58 6.96 74.89 61.83 15.39 6.39 77.70 64.41 17.37 7.45 2.80 2.58 1.98 1.05
 Latvia 76.19 0.35 61.54 5.95 17.49 5.78 8.27 71.56 56.87 14.55 7.13 80.47 65.86 19.50 8.74 8.91 8.98 4.95 1.61
 Barbados 76.18 0.90 62.08 4.57 16.65 5.11 6.76 73.63 59.59 15.01 5.72 78.61 64.45 18.09 7.51 4.98 4.85 3.09 1.79
 Cape Verde 76.06 0.99 62.05 4.61 16.65 5.39 7.05 72.86 58.89 14.92 6.21 79.21 65.14 17.88 7.46 6.35 6.25 2.96 1.25
 Mayotte 76.05 0.99 62.05 4.13 16.18 5.79 6.97 74.09 60.17 14.94 6.45 78.33 64.22 17.66 7.62 4.25 4.05 2.72 1.17
 Lithuania 76.03 0.33 61.35 6.03 17.38 5.83 8.21 71.22 56.57 14.38 7.09 80.67 65.96 19.48 8.70 9.46 9.40 5.10 1.61
 Romania 75.94 0.54 61.48 5.38 16.86 5.68 7.55 72.40 57.96 14.97 7.14 79.56 65.07 18.39 7.79 7.16 7.11 3.42 0.64
 Brazil 75.85 1.17 62.02 5.77 17.79 4.97 7.77 72.76 59.01 16.39 7.13 78.98 65.06 19.03 8.23 6.22 6.05 2.64 1.10
 Armenia 75.68 0.84 61.53 4.66 16.19 5.93 7.12 71.39 57.25 13.86 6.16 79.45 65.26 17.84 7.61 8.07 8.01 3.97 1.45
 Bulgaria 75.64 0.53 61.16 5.38 16.54 5.82 7.36 72.16 57.68 14.47 6.73 79.21 64.74 18.25 7.72 7.05 7.06 3.78 0.99
 U.S. Virgin Islands 75.47 0.70 61.17 4.96 16.13 6.07 7.20 70.51 56.34 13.16 5.53 81.35 66.88 19.43 8.68 10.84 10.55 6.27 3.15
 Brunei 75.33 0.88 61.21 4.98 16.19 5.95 7.14 73.33 59.24 14.83 6.53 77.56 63.40 17.57 7.68 4.23 4.17 2.74 1.15
 Morocco 75.31 1.50 61.81 4.15 15.96 5.91 6.87 73.17 59.77 14.51 6.08 77.60 64.00 17.43 7.48 4.43 4.23 2.93 1.41
 Grenada 75.20 1.41 61.62 5.86 17.48 6.45 8.92 72.36 58.81 15.32 7.50 78.36 64.73 19.67 9.97 6.00 5.92 4.35 2.47
 Mexico 75.07 1.10 61.17 6.52 17.70 5.60 8.29 72.24 58.40 17.04 8.38 77.81 63.84 18.26 8.23 5.57 5.44 1.22 −0.15
 Nicaragua 74.95 1.25 61.20 5.56 16.75 5.28 7.04 72.31 58.62 15.44 6.33 77.42 63.58 17.77 7.48 5.11 4.96 2.33 1.15
 Mauritius 74.93 1.22 61.14 6.34 17.48 6.13 8.61 71.94 58.22 16.16 8.06 78.18 64.32 18.71 9.05 6.25 6.10 2.55 0.99
 Bangladesh 74.67 2.44 62.11 5.41 17.52 5.99 8.51 73.03 60.61 16.61 7.97 76.37 63.65 18.42 8.94 3.34 3.03 1.81 0.97
 Vietnam 74.59 2.00 61.58 5.79 17.37 5.65 8.02 69.88 57.17 14.73 6.34 79.26 65.86 19.41 8.91 9.39 8.69 4.67 2.57
 Bahamas 74.55 1.08 60.63 7.14 17.77 6.32 9.09 70.91 57.02 15.66 7.60 78.19 64.21 19.67 10.26 7.28 7.19 4.01 2.66
 Georgia 74.50 0.81 60.31 5.85 16.16 6.17 7.32 69.57 55.42 13.38 5.39 79.11 64.86 18.16 8.30 9.54 9.44 4.78 2.91
 Belarus 74.43 0.25 59.69 6.50 16.19 5.94 7.13 69.53 54.80 13.43 6.22 79.06 64.30 18.01 7.46 9.53 9.49 4.58 1.24
 Azerbaijan 74.43 1.50 60.93 4.44 15.38 6.19 6.57 71.56 58.15 13.80 5.90 77.13 63.53 16.63 6.95 5.57 5.38 2.83 1.05
 Kazakhstan 74.40 0.87 60.27 5.98 16.26 6.09 7.35 70.11 56.05 13.84 6.30 78.39 64.18 17.87 7.76 8.28 8.13 4.03 1.46
 Paraguay 73.84 1.44 60.29 5.96 16.25 6.21 7.46 70.89 57.42 14.73 6.62 76.95 63.29 17.65 8.07 6.07 5.87 2.92 1.46
 Dominican Republic 73.72 2.47 61.19 5.94 17.13 6.18 8.31 70.53 58.11 15.25 6.98 76.97 64.31 18.81 9.24 6.44 6.19 3.56 2.26
 North Korea 73.64 1.76 60.40 5.60 15.99 5.63 6.63 71.46 58.38 14.88 5.95 75.74 62.31 16.84 6.97 4.29 3.93 1.96 1.02
 Suriname 73.63 1.41 60.04 6.85 16.89 6.40 8.28 70.46 56.93 14.72 6.85 76.83 63.16 18.67 9.20 6.38 6.23 3.94 2.35
 Belize 73.57 0.89 59.45 5.97 15.42 6.59 7.01 70.93 56.87 14.26 6.75 76.50 62.31 16.65 7.25 5.57 5.44 2.39 0.50
 Trinidad and Tobago 73.49 1.36 59.85 6.49 16.34 5.54 6.89 70.38 56.81 14.84 6.18 76.68 62.96 17.61 7.32 6.30 6.14 2.77 1.14
 Ukraine 73.42 0.62 59.04 8.83 17.87 7.01 9.88 66.90 52.52 14.74 8.37 80.20 65.81 19.91 10.48 13.30 13.29 5.17 2.11
World 73.17 3.29 61.46 6.11 17.57 5.75 8.31 70.55 58.91 16.01 7.43 75.89 64.09 18.98 8.96 5.34 5.18 2.97 1.53
 Russia 73.15 0.43 58.59 8.54 17.12 6.46 8.58 67.26 52.70 14.37 7.54 79.04 64.44 18.88 8.98 11.78 11.74 4.51 1.44
 Bhutan 72.97 1.92 59.89 4.92 14.81 6.40 6.21 71.31 58.37 13.84 5.79 74.97 61.72 15.90 6.63 3.66 3.35 2.05 0.84
 Tonga 72.89 0.98 58.87 6.54 15.41 6.54 6.96 69.37 55.40 13.51 6.14 76.41 62.32 17.18 7.53 7.04 6.92 3.66 1.39
 Honduras 72.88 1.35 59.23 5.85 15.09 6.58 6.67 70.35 56.78 13.57 5.99 75.50 61.75 16.51 7.14 5.16 4.96 2.95 1.15
 Seychelles 72.86 1.21 59.07 6.12 15.19 6.58 6.78 69.94 56.21 13.57 6.03 76.52 62.66 16.87 7.22 6.58 6.45 3.30 1.18
 Saint Lucia 72.70 1.47 59.17 5.83 15.00 6.61 6.61 69.31 55.87 13.21 5.86 76.30 62.66 16.64 7.11 6.99 6.79 3.43 1.25
 Guatemala 72.60 1.79 59.39 6.76 16.15 5.49 6.64 70.31 57.22 15.46 6.19 74.88 61.53 16.77 7.01 4.57 4.30 1.32 0.82
 Venezuela 72.51 1.62 59.14 7.39 16.53 5.36 6.89 68.72 55.42 14.92 6.21 76.50 63.02 17.92 7.34 7.78 7.60 3.00 1.14
 Uzbekistan 72.39 1.21 58.60 6.17 14.77 6.35 6.12 69.45 55.72 12.94 5.41 75.40 61.54 16.33 6.50 5.95 5.83 3.40 1.09
 Iraq 72.32 1.95 59.27 5.33 14.60 6.51 6.11 70.43 57.53 13.54 5.64 74.06 60.83 15.41 6.38 3.63 3.30 1.88 0.74
 Syria 72.12 2.08 59.20 5.67 14.88 6.39 6.27 69.83 57.00 13.66 5.69 74.41 61.38 15.97 6.69 4.58 4.38 2.31 1.00
 El Salvador 72.10 1.03 58.13 8.00 16.12 5.91 7.04 67.52 53.57 14.63 6.33 76.26 62.25 17.25 7.49 8.74 8.69 2.62 1.15
 India 72.00 2.29 59.29 6.15 15.44 7.09 7.53 70.52 57.75 14.76 7.29 73.60 60.95 16.10 7.71 3.08 3.19 1.34 0.42
 Tajikistan 71.79 2.37 59.16 5.22 14.38 6.73 6.12 69.57 57.18 13.20 5.62 73.98 61.09 15.43 6.46 4.40 3.91 2.23 0.84
 Mongolia 71.73 1.07 57.81 7.42 15.23 6.56 6.79 67.24 53.37 13.03 5.96 76.43 62.43 16.98 7.32 9.19 9.05 3.96 1.36
 Samoa 71.70 1.39 58.09 6.65 14.74 6.84 6.57 69.86 56.30 13.41 5.94 73.66 59.99 16.02 7.00 3.80 3.68 2.61 1.05
 Kyrgyzstan 71.68 1.40 58.08 6.01 14.09 6.78 5.87 68.18 54.69 12.47 5.27 75.25 61.51 15.44 6.25 7.07 6.82 2.97 0.98
 Egypt 71.63 1.53 58.16 5.16 13.33 7.13 5.46 69.49 56.10 12.13 5.06 73.81 60.25 14.34 5.70 4.32 4.14 2.21 0.64
 Jamaica 71.48 1.62 58.10 6.41 14.51 6.83 6.34 68.97 55.72 13.38 5.93 73.99 60.47 15.50 6.65 5.02 4.75 2.12 0.72
 Vanuatu 71.48 1.53 58.01 6.42 14.43 6.82 6.25 69.44 56.01 13.25 5.87 73.93 60.42 15.90 6.87 4.48 4.41 2.65 1.00
 Western Sahara 71.39 2.35 58.73 5.60 14.33 6.65 5.98 69.69 57.28 13.45 5.64 73.55 60.63 15.31 6.35 3.86 3.35 1.87 0.71
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 71.23 1.28 57.51 7.29 14.80 6.79 6.59 68.66 54.89 13.36 6.00 74.31 60.66 16.41 7.10 5.65 5.77 3.05 1.10
 Moldova 71.20 1.12 57.32 7.38 14.70 7.25 6.95 66.57 52.73 12.26 5.39 75.53 61.59 16.35 7.61 8.97 8.86 4.09 2.22
 Indonesia 71.15 1.76 57.91 6.54 14.44 6.91 6.36 69.04 55.89 13.09 5.76 73.27 59.92 15.63 6.73 4.23 4.03 2.54 0.98
 Dominica 71.13 2.67 58.80 5.43 14.23 6.88 6.10 68.21 56.01 12.88 5.55 74.55 62.07 15.72 6.52 6.33 6.06 2.84 0.96
 Cambodia 70.67 2.33 58.00 7.20 15.20 6.35 6.55 68.01 55.65 14.23 6.12 73.19 60.16 15.86 6.81 5.18 4.52 1.63 0.69
 Solomon Islands 70.53 1.66 57.19 6.51 13.70 7.01 5.71 69.22 55.99 13.04 5.48 71.98 58.52 14.40 5.95 2.77 2.52 1.36 0.47
 Nepal 70.35 2.26 57.61 6.25 13.86 6.93 5.79 68.83 56.23 13.12 5.51 71.84 58.94 14.55 6.00 3.00 2.71 1.44 0.50
 Guyana 70.18 2.00 57.18 8.15 15.33 7.60 7.93 66.51 53.64 13.44 6.86 73.94 60.78 17.01 8.68 7.44 7.14 3.57 1.81
 Turkmenistan 70.07 3.10 58.17 5.97 14.14 6.90 6.04 66.87 55.26 12.57 5.41 72.84 60.56 15.01 6.23 5.97 5.30 2.44 0.82
 Greenland 70.06 1.66 56.71 7.93 14.64 6.72 6.36 68.09 54.93 14.01 6.02 72.44 58.89 15.43 6.64 4.35 3.96 1.42 0.62
 Philippines 69.83 2.25 57.09 6.94 14.02 7.10 6.12 66.89 54.26 12.51 5.47 72.82 59.93 15.23 6.42 5.93 5.67 2.71 0.94
 São Tomé and Príncipe 69.72 1.23 55.95 8.38 14.33 7.24 6.57 66.24 52.45 12.54 5.82 73.73 59.97 16.12 7.06 7.49 7.52 3.58 1.24
 Libya 69.34 3.79 58.12 7.28 15.41 6.41 6.82 68.27 56.97 14.18 6.31 70.42 59.29 16.60 7.28 2.15 2.32 2.43 0.97
 Yemen 69.30 3.23 57.52 6.43 13.95 6.88 5.83 67.23 55.68 13.05 5.49 71.39 59.37 14.71 6.06 4.15 3.69 1.66 0.57
 Botswana 69.16 3.10 57.27 7.61 14.88 7.27 7.15 66.67 54.90 13.51 6.12 71.70 59.66 16.07 7.80 5.03 4.76 2.57 1.68
 Laos 68.96 3.19 57.15 6.60 13.75 7.01 5.76 66.78 55.26 12.83 5.41 71.25 59.11 14.61 6.02 4.47 3.85 1.78 0.62
 Senegal 68.68 3.10 56.78 6.74 13.53 6.62 5.15 66.79 55.13 12.82 4.91 70.75 58.60 14.28 5.41 3.96 3.47 1.46 0.50
 Eritrea 68.62 3.35 56.98 7.81 14.79 6.59 6.38 66.51 55.21 14.10 6.06 70.66 58.62 15.34 6.61 4.15 3.41 1.24 0.54
 Bolivia 68.58 3.64 57.22 7.73 14.94 7.08 7.02 66.13 54.96 13.99 6.55 71.14 59.55 15.78 7.35 5.02 4.59 1.79 0.79
 Mauritania 68.48 3.10 56.59 6.92 13.51 7.30 5.81 66.50 54.81 12.46 5.40 70.48 58.35 14.52 6.16 3.98 3.54 2.06 0.76
 Gabon 68.34 3.07 56.41 8.09 14.50 7.19 6.69 65.91 54.18 13.59 6.38 71.05 58.91 15.36 6.94 5.15 4.73 1.76 0.56
 Uganda 68.25 3.21 56.46 9.56 16.02 7.46 8.48 65.27 53.66 14.21 7.06 71.12 59.10 17.42 9.32 5.85 5.44 3.21 2.27
 Rwanda 67.78 2.99 55.78 8.14 13.92 7.30 6.22 65.49 53.63 13.02 5.90 69.89 57.71 14.58 6.40 4.39 4.08 1.56 0.49
 Timor-Leste 67.69 3.76 56.45 7.07 13.52 7.15 5.68 66.07 55.09 12.79 5.42 69.44 57.91 14.23 5.90 3.37 2.82 1.43 0.49
 Pakistan 67.65 4.64 57.28 6.52 13.80 6.96 5.76 65.33 55.24 12.84 5.41 70.16 59.49 14.75 6.08 4.83 4.25 1.92 0.67
 Namibia 67.39 3.00 55.38 9.49 14.88 7.50 7.38 63.33 51.45 12.63 5.70 71.34 59.17 16.50 8.22 8.01 7.73 3.87 2.52
 Malawi 67.35 3.20 55.55 8.49 14.05 7.42 6.47 64.07 52.47 12.61 5.71 70.56 58.53 15.24 6.94 6.49 6.06 2.64 1.23
 Fiji 67.32 2.21 54.52 7.60 12.13 8.40 5.53 65.34 52.69 10.79 4.66 69.36 56.41 13.33 6.09 4.02 3.73 2.54 1.43
 Ethiopia 67.31 4.07 56.39 8.24 14.63 6.69 6.31 64.08 53.66 13.62 5.83 70.73 59.20 15.53 6.68 6.65 5.54 1.92 0.85
 Micronesia 67.20 1.95 54.15 9.27 13.42 7.72 6.14 63.49 50.55 11.59 5.35 71.12 57.93 15.00 6.50 7.63 7.37 3.41 1.15
 Tanzania 67.00 3.15 55.15 9.60 14.75 7.55 7.30 64.20 52.45 12.97 5.93 69.78 57.79 16.29 8.31 5.58 5.33 3.32 2.38
 Myanmar 66.89 3.29 55.18 8.18 13.36 7.26 5.62 63.79 52.35 12.29 5.22 70.16 58.12 14.27 5.88 6.37 5.78 1.99 0.66
 Comoros 66.78 3.73 55.51 7.61 13.12 7.53 5.65 64.79 53.63 12.10 5.28 68.93 57.54 14.11 5.96 4.15 3.90 2.00 0.69
 Kiribati 66.47 4.38 55.86 7.59 13.44 7.23 5.68 64.58 54.27 12.58 5.34 68.17 57.19 14.03 5.84 3.59 2.92 1.45 0.50
 Zambia 66.35 4.17 55.52 7.32 12.84 7.46 5.29 63.94 53.44 11.92 4.82 68.67 57.48 13.51 5.58 4.74 4.03 1.60 0.76
 Sudan 66.33 4.43 55.76 8.68 14.44 6.79 6.23 63.27 53.04 13.68 5.86 69.63 58.65 15.36 6.61 6.35 5.61 1.68 0.75
 South Africa 66.14 2.87 54.01 10.95 14.96 7.61 7.57 62.61 50.55 13.15 6.65 69.60 57.37 16.30 8.04 6.99 6.82 3.14 1.39
 Papua New Guinea 66.13 3.21 54.35 8.48 12.82 7.81 5.63 63.74 52.07 11.74 5.23 69.08 57.17 14.18 6.04 5.35 5.09 2.44 0.81
 Afghanistan 66.03 4.50 55.53 7.80 13.33 7.28 5.61 64.47 54.15 12.57 5.33 67.54 56.82 13.94 5.81 3.07 2.67 1.37 0.47
 Djibouti 65.99 4.58 55.57 8.76 14.33 6.86 6.19 63.52 53.48 13.54 5.80 68.51 57.67 15.02 6.48 4.99 4.19 1.48 0.68
 Gambia 65.86 4.22 55.08 9.05 14.13 6.95 6.08 64.17 53.67 13.59 5.82 67.53 56.45 14.60 6.30 3.36 2.78 1.01 0.48
 Congo 65.77 3.18 53.96 9.23 13.19 7.64 5.83 64.12 52.45 12.45 5.64 67.46 55.49 13.87 5.98 3.34 3.04 1.42 0.33
 Ghana 65.50 4.08 54.58 9.42 14.00 7.05 6.05 63.13 52.56 13.25 5.67 67.94 56.63 14.65 6.32 4.81 4.07 1.40 0.65
 Palestine 65.17 3.31 53.48 12.44 15.92 6.16 7.08 59.69 47.91 13.97 6.01 71.50 59.90 17.91 7.90 11.81 11.99 3.94 1.89
 Haiti 64.94 4.48 54.42 8.71 13.13 7.42 5.54 61.73 51.54 12.05 5.14 68.30 57.39 14.05 5.81 6.57 5.84 2.00 0.67
 Angola 64.62 5.06 54.67 8.77 13.45 7.53 5.98 62.10 52.41 12.48 5.55 67.14 56.92 14.28 6.26 5.04 4.51 1.80 0.71
 Eswatini 64.12 3.84 52.96 11.28 14.24 7.70 6.94 61.19 50.10 13.12 6.57 66.95 55.69 15.07 7.17 5.77 5.59 1.95 0.60
 Guinea-Bissau 64.08 5.52 54.60 9.07 13.67 7.43 6.10 61.66 52.44 12.71 5.70 66.36 56.55 14.35 6.38 4.71 4.11 1.64 0.68
 Equatorial Guinea 63.71 5.51 54.21 8.99 13.21 7.61 5.82 62.04 52.87 12.66 5.62 65.66 55.84 13.72 5.97 3.62 2.98 1.06 0.35
 Cameroon 63.70 5.34 54.04 9.03 13.07 7.58 5.65 61.52 52.12 12.36 5.50 65.94 56.00 13.70 5.76 4.42 3.88 1.34 0.26
 Burundi 63.65 4.78 53.43 10.22 13.65 7.26 5.91 61.60 51.64 12.98 5.55 65.70 55.18 14.19 6.14 4.10 3.54 1.21 0.58
 Kenya 63.65 3.18 51.83 12.19 14.02 7.94 6.96 61.46 49.74 12.90 6.31 65.92 53.99 14.97 7.34 4.46 4.24 2.07 1.03
 Madagascar 63.63 5.77 54.40 9.52 13.92 7.08 6.00 61.94 53.01 13.40 5.74 65.38 55.81 14.39 6.22 3.44 2.81 0.99 0.48
 Mozambique 63.61 4.96 53.57 9.04 12.61 7.59 5.20 60.30 50.37 11.66 4.98 66.54 56.32 13.13 5.37 6.24 5.95 1.48 0.39
 Zimbabwe 62.77 3.51 51.28 11.94 13.22 8.11 6.33 60.23 48.82 11.88 5.54 65.01 53.40 14.29 6.86 4.79 4.58 2.40 1.32
 Togo 62.74 5.06 52.80 9.47 12.27 7.44 4.71 62.54 52.67 12.09 4.65 62.92 52.90 12.43 4.76 0.39 0.23 0.34 0.11
 Liberia 62.16 5.38 52.54 9.84 12.38 7.98 5.36 60.88 51.58 12.15 5.39 63.44 53.47 12.57 5.33 2.57 1.89 0.42 −0.06
 Ivory Coast 61.94 5.09 52.03 11.11 13.15 8.12 6.27 60.02 50.56 12.30 5.81 64.13 53.75 14.08 6.67 4.12 3.19 1.78 0.86
 DR Congo 61.90 6.42 53.31 10.28 13.60 7.28 5.88 59.79 51.58 12.97 5.55 64.04 55.05 14.15 6.12 4.25 3.47 1.17 0.57
 Sierra Leone 61.79 7.46 54.24 8.35 12.59 7.75 5.34 60.06 52.92 11.91 5.06 63.50 55.54 13.18 5.56 3.44 2.62 1.27 0.50
 Niger 61.18 8.74 54.93 8.02 12.95 7.02 4.96 60.26 54.06 12.51 4.80 62.13 55.81 13.34 5.08 1.87 1.75 0.83 0.28
 Burkina Faso 61.09 6.22 52.31 10.08 12.38 7.38 4.77 58.92 50.23 11.72 4.53 63.22 54.31 12.87 4.91 4.30 4.08 1.15 0.38
 Benin 60.77 6.86 52.63 10.75 13.38 7.41 5.79 59.35 51.45 12.92 5.53 62.21 53.79 13.76 5.96 2.86 2.34 0.84 0.44
 Guinea 60.74 7.74 53.48 10.14 13.63 7.25 5.88 59.52 52.55 13.25 5.67 61.90 54.31 13.91 6.02 2.38 1.76 0.66 0.35
 Mali 60.44 7.19 52.63 9.71 12.34 7.40 4.75 59.04 51.36 11.89 4.59 61.90 53.95 12.75 4.87 2.86 2.59 0.87 0.28
 Somalia 58.82 8.28 52.09 11.40 13.49 7.36 5.85 56.35 49.77 12.90 5.55 61.39 54.48 14.00 6.07 5.04 4.72 1.10 0.51
 South Sudan 57.62 8.34 50.95 12.03 12.98 7.65 5.63 54.64 48.21 12.05 5.14 60.63 53.64 13.71 5.93 5.99 5.43 1.66 0.80
 Central African Republic 57.41 6.89 49.30 13.55 12.85 8.43 6.28 55.26 47.41 11.89 5.60 59.29 50.86 13.65 6.74 4.03 3.46 1.77 1.14
 Lesotho 57.38 5.02 47.40 15.46 12.86 8.67 6.53 54.62 44.77 11.33 5.65 60.01 49.85 13.86 7.00 5.39 5.09 2.53 1.35
 Chad 55.07 8.68 48.75 13.50 12.25 8.04 5.29 53.20 47.11 11.69 4.98 57.01 50.41 12.75 5.53 3.82 3.30 1.07 0.55
 Nigeria 54.46 9.01 48.48 13.67 12.14 8.09 5.23 54.18 48.20 11.99 5.11 54.74 48.74 12.28 5.33 0.57 0.54 0.29 0.22

UN: Change of life expectancy from 2019 to 2023

UN: Change of life expectancy from 2019 to 2023
Countries and
territories
2023 Historical data Recovery from
COVID-19:
2019→2023
All Male Female Sex gap 2019 2019
→2020
2020 2020
→2021
2021 2021
→2022
2022 2022
→2023
2023
 Hong Kong, China 85.51 82.84 88.13 5.29 85.26 −0.56 84.71 0.38 85.08 −1.60 83.48 2.03 85.51 0.25
 Japan 84.71 81.69 87.74 6.05 84.42 0.25 84.67 −0.12 84.55 −0.50 84.05 0.66 84.71 0.29
 South Korea 84.33 81.19 87.16 5.96 83.69 −0.01 83.67 0.18 83.85 −1.12 82.73 1.60 84.33 0.64
 French Polynesia 84.07 81.78 86.50 4.73 83.19 −0.74 82.46 −2.89 79.57 4.29 83.86 0.21 84.07 0.88
 Andorra 84.04 82.10 86.11 4.01 84.10 −4.68 79.42 2.91 82.33 1.69 84.02 0.03 84.04 −0.06
 Switzerland 83.95 82.01 85.83 3.82 83.78 −0.72 83.06 0.58 83.65 −0.45 83.20 0.75 83.95 0.17
 Australia 83.92 82.10 85.74 3.64 83.24 0.42 83.66 −0.10 83.56 −0.80 82.77 1.16 83.92 0.68
 Singapore 83.74 81.24 86.24 5.00 83.66 0.00 83.66 −0.18 83.48 −0.56 82.92 0.81 83.74 0.07
 Italy 83.72 81.57 85.75 4.18 83.34 −1.16 82.18 0.68 82.86 −0.81 82.05 1.66 83.72 0.37
 Spain 83.67 80.96 86.31 5.35 83.48 −1.24 82.24 0.71 82.95 −0.58 82.37 1.30 83.67 0.19
 Réunion 83.55 80.53 86.33 5.80 82.32 0.26 82.58 −1.08 81.50 0.00 81.50 2.05 83.55 1.23
 France 83.33 80.43 86.09 5.66 82.73 −0.53 82.20 0.12 82.32 0.15 82.47 0.85 83.33 0.59
 Norway 83.31 81.75 84.85 3.10 82.95 0.24 83.19 −0.03 83.17 −0.54 82.63 0.68 83.31 0.35
 Malta 83.30 81.27 85.26 3.99 82.84 −0.50 82.34 −0.02 82.32 −0.07 82.25 1.05 83.30 0.46
 Guernsey 83.27 81.01 85.58 4.56 83.28 0.07 83.35 −1.38 81.97 1.14 83.11 0.17 83.27 −0.01
 Sweden 83.26 81.44 85.10 3.66 83.05 −0.62 82.43 0.59 83.02 0.03 83.05 0.22 83.26 0.21
 Macao, China 83.08 80.83 85.25 4.42 83.29 1.32 84.61 −0.79 83.82 −1.72 82.10 0.97 83.08 −0.22
 United Arab Emirates 82.91 81.98 84.20 2.23 82.60 −0.66 81.94 −2.85 79.08 1.40 80.49 2.42 82.91 0.31
 Iceland 82.69 80.98 84.51 3.52 82.85 −0.14 82.71 0.13 82.84 −1.25 81.59 1.10 82.69 −0.16
 Canada 82.63 80.43 84.83 4.40 82.28 −0.63 81.65 0.32 81.98 −0.73 81.25 1.38 82.63 0.34
 Martinique 82.56 79.25 85.62 6.36 82.07 −1.81 80.27 −2.53 77.74 3.10 80.84 1.73 82.56 0.49
 Ireland 82.41 80.37 84.48 4.11 82.41 −0.02 82.39 −0.53 81.86 0.19 82.05 0.36 82.41 0.00
 Israel 82.41 80.18 84.59 4.41 82.91 −0.20 82.70 −0.18 82.52 0.30 82.81 −0.41 82.41 −0.50
 Qatar 82.37 81.61 83.37 1.76 82.94 −2.54 80.41 0.67 81.08 0.77 81.86 0.51 82.37 −0.58
 Portugal 82.36 79.44 85.12 5.68 81.96 −0.59 81.37 0.03 81.40 −0.20 81.19 1.17 82.36 0.40
 Bermuda 82.31 78.86 85.74 6.89 81.25 0.20 81.46 0.29 81.75 0.32 82.06 0.25 82.31 1.06
 Luxembourg 82.23 80.57 83.84 3.27 81.59 −0.18 81.41 0.43 81.84 0.36 82.20 0.03 82.23 0.64
 Netherlands 82.16 80.54 83.74 3.20 82.05 −0.66 81.39 −0.04 81.36 0.56 81.91 0.25 82.16 0.10
 Belgium 82.11 79.86 84.33 4.47 81.83 −1.04 80.80 0.86 81.66 −0.50 81.16 0.96 82.11 0.28
 New Zealand 82.09 80.41 83.77 3.36 81.83 0.83 82.66 −0.36 82.30 −1.29 81.01 1.08 82.09 0.26
 Guadeloupe 82.05 78.13 85.53 7.40 81.39 −0.74 80.65 −2.44 78.21 2.69 80.91 1.15 82.05 0.66
 Austria 81.96 79.54 84.32 4.78 81.91 −0.10 81.80 0.02 81.82 −0.52 81.30 0.66 81.96 0.05
 Denmark 81.93 80.02 83.86 3.84 81.43 0.11 81.55 −0.11 81.44 −0.14 81.29 0.64 81.93 0.50
 Finland 81.91 79.17 84.67 5.50 81.86 −0.04 81.82 −0.01 81.81 −0.57 81.24 0.67 81.91 0.05
 Greece 81.86 79.29 84.33 5.04 81.35 0.19 81.54 −1.00 80.53 −0.59 79.94 1.91 81.86 0.51
 Puerto Rico 81.69 78.03 85.24 7.21 81.44 −1.43 80.01 −0.24 79.77 −0.34 79.43 2.26 81.69 0.25
 Cyprus 81.65 79.64 83.67 4.03 81.45 −0.22 81.23 −0.66 80.57 −0.14 80.43 1.21 81.65 0.19
 Slovenia 81.60 78.90 84.34 5.44 81.01 −0.64 80.36 0.07 80.43 0.36 80.79 0.81 81.60 0.60
 Germany 81.38 79.02 83.76 4.74 81.19 −0.18 81.00 0.10 81.11 −0.53 80.58 0.80 81.38 0.19
 United Kingdom 81.30 79.36 83.21 3.85 81.44 −1.06 80.39 0.32 80.71 0.37 81.07 0.23 81.30 −0.14
 Bahrain 81.28 80.67 81.99 1.31 80.47 −1.79 78.68 −0.60 78.08 2.91 80.99 0.29 81.28 0.81
 Chile 81.17 79.24 83.08 3.84 80.32 −0.97 79.35 −0.47 78.88 0.30 79.18 1.99 81.17 0.84
 Maldives 81.04 79.69 82.82 3.13 79.71 −0.99 78.71 −0.66 78.05 2.71 80.76 0.28 81.04 1.33
 Isle of Man 81.00 78.93 83.13 4.21 80.74 −0.15 80.59 −0.17 80.42 0.54 80.96 0.04 81.00 0.26
 Costa Rica 80.80 78.13 83.42 5.29 80.30 −0.57 79.72 −1.68 78.05 1.27 79.32 1.48 80.80 0.50
 Taiwan 80.56 77.63 83.61 5.98 80.60 0.51 81.11 −0.32 80.78 −0.63 80.16 0.40 80.56 −0.04
 Kuwait 80.41 79.25 81.85 2.59 80.02 −1.77 78.25 −0.62 77.62 1.16 78.79 1.62 80.41 0.38
 Cayman Islands 80.36 77.98 82.87 4.89 79.05 0.18 79.23 0.07 79.30 0.68 79.98 0.37 80.36 1.31
 Faroe Islands 80.18 78.17 82.50 4.33 79.91 0.08 79.98 −0.19 79.79 −0.53 79.26 0.92 80.18 0.27
 Oman 80.03 78.49 81.88 3.39 79.95 −2.18 77.76 −1.79 75.97 1.94 77.91 2.12 80.03 0.09
 Czechia 79.83 77.00 82.64 5.64 79.19 −0.95 78.24 −1.00 77.23 1.93 79.17 0.67 79.83 0.65
 Jersey 79.71 77.72 81.76 4.04 79.89 −0.45 79.45 −0.12 79.32 0.40 79.73 −0.02 79.71 −0.19
 Albania 79.60 77.73 81.45 3.72 79.47 −1.64 77.82 −0.98 76.84 1.93 78.77 0.83 79.60 0.14
 Panama 79.59 76.65 82.56 5.90 78.51 −2.18 76.33 0.67 77.00 2.32 79.32 0.27 79.59 1.08
 United States 79.30 76.86 81.85 4.99 78.92 −1.91 77.01 −0.63 76.38 1.59 77.98 1.32 79.30 0.39
 Estonia 79.15 74.90 83.04 8.14 78.77 0.12 78.89 −1.48 77.41 0.76 78.17 0.99 79.15 0.38
 New Caledonia 78.77 76.28 81.29 5.01 77.26 −0.21 77.05 0.06 77.11 0.58 77.70 1.07 78.77 1.50
 Saudi Arabia 78.73 77.10 81.16 4.06 78.31 −0.72 77.60 −0.51 77.09 0.22 77.31 1.42 78.73 0.42
 Poland 78.63 74.88 82.35 7.48 77.92 −1.33 76.59 −0.96 75.64 2.28 77.92 0.71 78.63 0.71
 Croatia 78.58 75.41 81.69 6.28 78.20 −0.70 77.50 −0.36 77.14 1.14 78.28 0.30 78.58 0.38
 Slovakia 78.34 75.02 81.58 6.56 77.69 −0.82 76.86 −2.27 74.59 2.45 77.04 1.30 78.34 0.66
 Uruguay 78.14 74.19 81.92 7.73 77.50 0.88 78.38 −2.95 75.43 1.03 76.47 1.67 78.14 0.64
 Cuba 78.08 75.67 80.52 4.85 77.41 −0.01 77.41 −4.21 73.20 4.43 77.63 0.46 78.08 0.67
Kosovo 78.03 75.80 80.12 4.31 77.25 −3.04 74.21 0.77 74.98 2.64 77.62 0.41 78.03 0.78
 China 77.95 75.20 80.93 5.72 77.94 0.08 78.02 0.10 78.12 0.09 78.20 −0.25 77.95 0.01
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 77.85 74.42 80.90 6.48 77.39 −1.35 76.04 −1.47 74.57 2.21 76.78 1.07 77.85 0.46
 Lebanon 77.82 75.74 79.73 3.99 78.21 −1.91 76.30 −2.65 73.65 4.35 78.00 −0.19 77.82 −0.39
 Jordan 77.81 75.71 80.19 4.48 76.86 −1.28 75.58 −1.38 74.20 2.88 77.09 0.73 77.81 0.95
 Peru 77.74 75.41 80.12 4.71 76.28 −2.44 73.83 −2.24 71.60 5.24 76.83 0.91 77.74 1.47
 Colombia 77.72 74.95 80.45 5.50 76.79 −2.04 74.76 −2.06 72.70 3.81 76.51 1.22 77.72 0.93
 Iran 77.65 75.79 79.63 3.84 76.86 −2.71 74.14 −0.39 73.75 3.05 76.80 0.85 77.65 0.80
 Antigua and Barbuda 77.60 74.55 80.29 5.75 77.17 −0.01 77.16 0.04 77.20 0.29 77.48 0.12 77.60 0.43
 Sri Lanka 77.48 74.24 80.59 6.35 76.70 0.23 76.93 −0.65 76.28 1.02 77.30 0.18 77.48 0.79
 North Macedonia 77.39 75.11 79.57 4.46 76.83 −2.37 74.47 −1.18 73.29 3.35 76.64 0.75 77.39 0.56
 Argentina 77.39 74.81 79.88 5.07 76.85 −0.97 75.88 −1.93 73.95 1.86 75.81 1.59 77.39 0.55
 Ecuador 77.39 74.66 80.14 5.47 77.29 −5.28 72.00 0.74 72.75 3.83 76.58 0.81 77.39 0.11
 Guam 77.21 73.44 81.42 7.98 76.64 −1.12 75.53 −0.10 75.43 1.67 77.10 0.11 77.21 0.56
 Turkey 77.16 74.53 79.86 5.33 77.74 −1.21 76.53 −0.80 75.72 1.87 77.59 −0.43 77.16 −0.58
 Montenegro 77.09 73.73 80.31 6.58 76.64 −0.79 75.85 −2.06 73.79 2.13 75.92 1.17 77.09 0.45
 Hungary 77.02 73.71 80.19 6.48 76.45 −0.72 75.73 −1.54 74.19 2.03 76.21 0.81 77.02 0.57
 French Guiana 76.98 74.13 79.99 5.86 76.57 0.94 77.51 −3.31 74.19 2.60 76.79 0.18 76.98 0.41
 Curaçao 76.80 72.46 80.82 8.37 76.49 0.01 76.50 −0.81 75.69 1.04 76.73 0.07 76.80 0.31
 Serbia 76.77 73.50 80.04 6.54 76.06 −1.55 74.51 −1.65 72.85 2.62 75.48 1.29 76.77 0.71
 Malaysia 76.66 74.27 79.37 5.10 75.90 0.16 76.06 −2.14 73.92 1.53 75.44 1.21 76.66 0.76
 Tunisia 76.51 73.92 79.15 5.23 75.60 −0.59 75.00 −2.11 72.89 3.16 76.05 0.46 76.51 0.91
 Thailand 76.41 72.16 80.86 8.70 77.20 0.13 77.33 0.28 77.61 −2.31 75.29 1.12 76.41 −0.79
 Aruba 76.35 73.70 78.78 5.08 76.02 −0.61 75.41 −1.75 73.66 2.57 76.23 0.13 76.35 0.33
 Algeria 76.26 74.89 77.70 2.80 75.68 −2.42 73.26 1.95 75.21 0.92 76.13 0.13 76.26 0.58
 Latvia 76.19 71.56 80.47 8.91 75.63 −0.15 75.48 −2.30 73.18 1.69 74.87 1.32 76.19 0.56
 Barbados 76.18 73.63 78.61 4.98 76.50 0.15 76.65 −0.07 76.58 −0.90 75.68 0.50 76.18 −0.32
 Cabo Verde 76.06 72.86 79.21 6.35 75.45 −1.63 73.82 0.61 74.42 1.48 75.91 0.15 76.06 0.61
 Mayotte 76.05 74.09 78.33 4.25 76.10 −1.89 74.21 −1.39 72.82 2.30 75.13 0.93 76.05 −0.05
 Lithuania 76.03 71.22 80.67 9.46 76.42 −1.32 75.11 −0.81 74.30 0.40 74.70 1.33 76.03 −0.40
 Romania 75.94 72.40 79.56 7.16 75.33 −1.28 74.05 −1.31 72.74 2.52 75.26 0.68 75.94 0.61
 Brazil 75.85 72.76 78.98 6.22 75.81 −1.30 74.51 −1.47 73.04 1.83 74.87 0.98 75.85 0.04
 Armenia 75.68 71.39 79.45 8.07 75.19 −6.30 68.89 3.66 72.55 2.08 74.63 1.05 75.68 0.49
 Bulgaria 75.64 72.16 79.21 7.05 75.09 −1.49 73.60 −2.19 71.41 2.62 74.03 1.60 75.64 0.55
 US Virgin Islands 75.47 70.51 81.35 10.84 74.88 −0.16 74.71 −0.10 74.61 0.43 75.05 0.43 75.47 0.60
 Brunei 75.33 73.33 77.56 4.23 75.05 0.07 75.11 −0.24 74.87 −1.95 72.92 2.41 75.33 0.28
 Morocco 75.31 73.17 77.60 4.43 74.25 −1.11 73.13 0.25 73.39 1.78 75.16 0.15 75.31 1.07
 Grenada 75.20 72.36 78.36 6.00 74.97 0.05 75.02 −0.50 74.52 0.63 75.15 0.05 75.20 0.23
 Mexico 75.07 72.24 77.81 5.57 74.53 −4.08 70.45 −0.70 69.75 4.22 73.97 1.10 75.07 0.54
 Nicaragua 74.95 72.31 77.42 5.11 73.76 −3.00 70.77 −0.29 70.48 3.98 74.46 0.48 74.95 1.18
 Mauritius 74.93 71.94 78.18 6.25 74.18 0.48 74.66 −1.75 72.90 0.64 73.54 1.38 74.93 0.74
 Bangladesh 74.67 73.03 76.37 3.34 72.62 −1.20 71.42 −0.32 71.10 3.16 74.27 0.41 74.67 2.05
 Vietnam 74.59 69.88 79.26 9.39 74.21 1.17 75.38 −1.24 74.14 0.36 74.50 0.09 74.59 0.38
 Bahamas 74.55 70.91 78.19 7.28 71.41 1.59 72.99 −2.24 70.75 3.74 74.49 0.06 74.55 3.14
 Georgia 74.50 69.57 79.11 9.54 74.17 −0.66 73.51 −1.87 71.64 2.51 74.14 0.35 74.50 0.33
 Belarus 74.43 69.53 79.06 9.53 74.25 −1.99 72.27 −0.05 72.22 2.14 74.36 0.07 74.43 0.18
 Azerbaijan 74.43 71.56 77.13 5.57 73.29 −2.98 70.31 0.69 71.00 3.13 74.12 0.30 74.43 1.14
 Kazakhstan 74.40 70.11 78.39 8.28 73.66 −2.46 71.19 −1.06 70.13 3.37 73.50 0.90 74.40 0.74
 Paraguay 73.84 70.89 76.95 6.07 73.67 −0.95 72.72 −4.61 68.11 4.21 72.32 1.52 73.84 0.18
 Dominican Republic 73.72 70.53 76.97 6.44 73.11 −0.48 72.64 −0.88 71.76 2.45 74.21 −0.49 73.72 0.61
 North Korea 73.64 71.46 75.74 4.29 72.93 −0.14 72.78 0.65 73.44 0.20 73.64 0.00 73.64 0.71
 Suriname 73.63 70.46 76.83 6.38 71.77 0.55 72.32 −3.38 68.94 4.31 73.25 0.38 73.63 1.86
 Belize 73.57 70.93 76.50 5.57 72.58 −1.00 71.58 −0.66 70.92 1.27 72.19 1.38 73.57 0.99
 Trinidad and Tobago 73.49 70.38 76.68 6.30 72.84 −0.19 72.64 −1.53 71.11 2.22 73.33 0.16 73.49 0.65
 Ukraine 73.42 66.90 80.20 13.30 73.92 −0.64 73.28 −1.65 71.63 1.03 72.66 0.76 73.42 −0.50
World 73.17 70.55 75.89 5.34 72.61 −0.69 71.92 −1.05 70.86 1.77 72.64 0.53 73.17 0.56
 Russia 73.15 67.26 79.04 11.78 73.07 −1.90 71.17 −1.36 69.81 2.71 72.52 0.64 73.15 0.09
 Bhutan 72.97 71.31 74.97 3.66 72.00 0.25 72.25 0.20 72.45 0.31 72.75 0.22 72.97 0.97
 Tonga 72.89 69.37 76.41 7.04 72.29 0.09 72.38 −0.25 72.13 0.51 72.64 0.26 72.89 0.60
 Honduras 72.88 70.35 75.50 5.16 72.12 −1.26 70.86 −1.37 69.49 3.22 72.72 0.17 72.88 0.76
 Seychelles 72.86 69.94 76.52 6.58 72.12 1.97 74.09 −2.87 71.22 0.03 71.25 1.61 72.86 0.74
 Saint Lucia 72.70 69.31 76.30 6.99 72.25 0.06 72.31 −3.19 69.12 3.55 72.67 0.03 72.70 0.45
 Guatemala 72.60 70.31 74.88 4.57 71.64 −1.67 69.97 −2.11 67.86 3.35 71.21 1.40 72.60 0.96
 Venezuela 72.51 68.72 76.50 7.78 72.77 −0.40 72.37 −0.83 71.54 1.03 72.57 −0.05 72.51 −0.25
 Uzbekistan 72.39 69.45 75.40 5.95 72.09 −0.63 71.46 0.22 71.68 0.47 72.15 0.24 72.39 0.29
 Iraq 72.32 70.43 74.06 3.63 71.25 −1.59 69.65 1.05 70.70 1.33 72.04 0.29 72.32 1.08
 Syria 72.12 69.83 74.41 4.58 70.97 0.97 71.94 0.47 72.42 0.37 72.79 −0.67 72.12 1.15
 El Salvador 72.10 67.52 76.26 8.74 71.72 −1.48 70.24 −0.30 69.94 2.03 71.97 0.13 72.10 0.37
 India 72.00 70.52 73.60 3.08 70.75 −0.59 70.16 −2.87 67.28 4.42 71.70 0.30 72.00 1.26
 Tajikistan 71.79 69.57 73.98 4.40 70.96 −2.36 68.61 0.99 69.59 1.97 71.56 0.23 71.79 0.83
 Mongolia 71.73 67.24 76.43 9.19 70.66 −0.63 70.03 −1.46 68.56 2.94 71.50 0.23 71.73 1.07
 Samoa 71.70 69.86 73.66 3.80 70.27 0.46 70.73 0.37 71.10 0.45 71.55 0.15 71.70 1.43
 Kyrgyzstan 71.68 68.18 75.25 7.07 70.89 −1.75 69.14 0.15 69.29 2.20 71.49 0.19 71.68 0.79
 Egypt 71.63 69.49 73.81 4.32 71.21 −1.42 69.79 −0.81 68.98 2.03 71.01 0.62 71.63 0.42
 Jamaica 71.48 68.97 73.99 5.02 71.53 −0.08 71.45 −2.37 69.08 2.40 71.48 0.00 71.48 −0.05
 Vanuatu 71.48 69.44 73.93 4.48 70.78 −0.40 70.39 −0.43 69.95 1.35 71.30 0.17 71.48 0.69
 Western Sahara 71.39 69.69 73.55 3.86 70.38 0.23 70.61 0.27 70.89 0.26 71.14 0.24 71.39 1.00
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 71.23 68.66 74.31 5.65 70.99 −1.39 69.61 −0.47 69.13 2.06 71.19 0.04 71.23 0.24
 Moldova 71.20 66.57 75.53 8.97 70.18 −0.27 69.91 −0.92 68.99 2.56 71.55 −0.35 71.20 1.02
 Indonesia 71.15 69.04 73.27 4.23 70.35 −1.53 68.82 −1.36 67.45 3.47 70.92 0.22 71.15 0.80
 Dominica 71.13 68.21 74.55 6.33 71.31 −0.04 71.27 −1.44 69.83 1.25 71.08 0.05 71.13 −0.17
 Cambodia 70.67 68.01 73.19 5.18 70.13 −0.07 70.06 −0.76 69.30 1.23 70.53 0.14 70.67 0.54
 Solomon Islands 70.53 69.22 71.98 2.77 69.98 −0.72 69.26 −0.37 68.89 1.52 70.41 0.12 70.53 0.55
 Nepal 70.35 68.83 71.84 3.00 69.30 −0.19 69.11 −0.72 68.39 1.70 70.09 0.27 70.35 1.05
 Guyana 70.18 66.51 73.94 7.44 69.07 −1.32 67.75 −3.43 64.32 5.57 69.89 0.29 70.18 1.11
 Turkmenistan 70.07 66.87 72.84 5.97 69.41 −0.56 68.85 0.51 69.35 0.56 69.91 0.16 70.07 0.67
 Greenland 70.06 68.09 72.44 4.35 70.26 −0.10 70.16 −0.11 70.05 0.00 70.05 0.00 70.06 −0.20
 Philippines 69.83 66.89 72.82 5.93 69.68 0.42 70.10 −3.42 66.67 2.80 69.47 0.36 69.83 0.15
 Sao Tome and Principe 69.72 66.24 73.73 7.49 68.04 −0.06 67.98 0.05 68.03 1.21 69.24 0.48 69.72 1.68
 Libya 69.34 68.27 70.42 2.15 72.94 −0.55 72.39 −0.33 72.06 2.40 74.46 −5.12 69.34 −3.60
 Yemen 69.30 67.23 71.39 4.15 66.57 −0.13 66.44 −0.42 66.02 1.93 67.95 1.34 69.30 2.73
 Botswana 69.16 66.67 71.70 5.03 67.17 0.48 67.64 −4.34 63.30 5.45 68.75 0.41 69.16 2.00
 Laos 68.96 66.78 71.25 4.47 67.91 0.43 68.34 −0.53 67.81 0.91 68.72 0.25 68.96 1.05
 Senegal 68.68 66.79 70.75 3.96 67.67 −0.17 67.50 −0.63 66.87 0.92 67.79 0.90 68.68 1.01
 Eritrea 68.62 66.51 70.66 4.15 67.31 −0.33 66.98 −0.04 66.94 0.85 67.79 0.83 68.62 1.32
 Bolivia 68.58 66.13 71.14 5.02 67.82 −4.91 62.91 −1.48 61.43 6.01 67.43 1.15 68.58 0.76
 Mauritania 68.48 66.50 70.48 3.98 67.64 −0.85 66.79 −0.03 66.76 1.52 68.28 0.20 68.48 0.84
 Gabon 68.34 65.91 71.05 5.15 67.34 −0.26 67.07 0.00 67.07 0.64 67.71 0.62 68.34 1.00
 Uganda 68.25 65.27 71.12 5.85 66.35 0.06 66.41 0.04 66.45 1.23 67.67 0.58 68.25 1.90
 Rwanda 67.78 65.49 69.89 4.39 66.69 0.26 66.95 −0.10 66.85 0.68 67.53 0.26 67.78 1.09
 Timor-Leste 67.69 66.07 69.44 3.37 66.50 0.42 66.92 −0.72 66.20 1.17 67.37 0.32 67.69 1.19
 Pakistan 67.65 65.33 70.16 4.83 66.73 −1.03 65.70 0.07 65.77 1.64 67.42 0.23 67.65 0.92
 Namibia 67.39 63.33 71.34 8.01 63.55 0.53 64.07 −3.22 60.85 3.34 64.19 3.19 67.39 3.84
 Malawi 67.35 64.07 70.56 6.49 65.00 0.22 65.22 −0.43 64.78 1.25 66.04 1.32 67.35 2.36
 Fiji 67.32 65.34 69.36 4.02 67.01 −0.09 66.92 −2.02 64.90 2.24 67.15 0.17 67.32 0.31
 Ethiopia 67.31 64.08 70.73 6.65 65.74 0.23 65.97 −0.64 65.33 1.57 66.90 0.42 67.31 1.57
 F.S. Micronesia 67.20 63.49 71.12 7.63 66.20 −0.32 65.88 0.27 66.15 0.81 66.96 0.24 67.20 1.00
 Tanzania 67.00 64.20 69.78 5.58 66.01 0.76 66.77 −0.64 66.13 0.75 66.88 0.12 67.00 0.99
 Myanmar 66.89 63.79 70.16 6.37 66.46 0.15 66.61 −1.06 65.55 0.95 66.51 0.38 66.89 0.43
 Comoros 66.78 64.79 68.93 4.15 65.66 0.09 65.76 −0.56 65.20 1.28 66.48 0.30 66.78 1.11
 Kiribati 66.47 64.58 68.17 3.59 65.87 −0.66 65.20 −1.06 64.15 2.12 66.27 0.20 66.47 0.61
 Zambia 66.35 63.94 68.67 4.74 62.91 0.45 63.36 −1.00 62.36 2.92 65.28 1.07 66.35 3.44
 Sudan 66.33 63.27 69.63 6.35 65.80 −0.68 65.12 −0.66 64.46 1.24 65.69 0.64 66.33 0.53
 South Africa 66.14 62.61 69.60 6.99 66.07 −0.92 65.15 −3.14 62.01 3.44 65.45 0.69 66.14 0.07
 Papua New Guinea 66.13 63.74 69.08 5.35 65.33 −0.26 65.08 −0.72 64.36 0.92 65.27 0.86 66.13 0.80
 Afghanistan 66.03 64.47 67.54 3.07 62.94 −1.49 61.45 −1.04 60.42 5.20 65.62 0.42 66.03 3.09
 Djibouti 65.99 63.52 68.51 4.99 64.38 −0.18 64.20 −0.37 63.83 1.71 65.54 0.45 65.99 1.61
 Gambia 65.86 64.17 67.53 3.36 64.43 −0.01 64.42 −0.57 63.85 1.01 64.86 1.00 65.86 1.43
 Congo, Rep. 65.77 64.12 67.46 3.34 63.15 1.24 64.39 −0.20 64.19 0.81 65.00 0.77 65.77 2.62
 Ghana 65.50 63.13 67.94 4.81 64.45 −0.15 64.31 −0.02 64.29 0.96 65.25 0.25 65.50 1.04
 Palestine 65.17 59.69 71.50 11.81 75.81 −0.81 75.00 −1.11 73.89 2.77 76.66 −11.49 65.17 −10.64
 Haiti 64.94 61.73 68.30 6.57 64.33 −0.56 63.77 −1.16 62.61 1.33 63.95 0.99 64.94 0.61
 Angola 64.62 62.10 67.14 5.04 63.05 0.07 63.12 −0.16 62.96 1.29 64.25 0.37 64.62 1.57
 Eswatini 64.12 61.19 66.95 5.77 59.85 0.01 59.86 −1.63 58.23 4.80 63.03 1.09 64.12 4.27
 Guinea-Bissau 64.08 61.66 66.36 4.71 62.16 −0.82 61.34 0.31 61.65 1.95 63.60 0.48 64.08 1.92
 Equatorial Guinea 63.71 62.04 65.66 3.62 62.30 −0.16 62.14 0.31 62.45 0.91 63.35 0.35 63.71 1.41
 Cameroon 63.70 61.52 65.94 4.42 61.70 −0.02 61.67 −0.53 61.15 1.30 62.44 1.26 63.70 2.00
 Burundi 63.65 61.60 65.70 4.10 62.18 0.39 62.57 −0.47 62.10 0.78 62.88 0.77 63.65 1.47
 Kenya 63.65 61.46 65.92 4.46 62.94 −1.34 61.60 −0.37 61.23 2.32 63.55 0.10 63.65 0.71
 Madagascar 63.63 61.94 65.38 3.44 63.50 −0.80 62.71 −0.19 62.52 0.55 63.07 0.56 63.63 0.13
 Mozambique 63.61 60.30 66.54 6.24 61.31 0.08 61.39 −1.12 60.27 2.74 63.01 0.60 63.61 2.31
 Zimbabwe 62.77 60.23 65.01 4.79 61.06 0.47 61.53 −1.40 60.13 2.23 62.36 0.41 62.77 1.72
 Togo 62.74 62.54 62.92 0.39 61.05 0.07 61.12 0.20 61.33 0.96 62.29 0.45 62.74 1.68
 Liberia 62.16 60.88 63.44 2.57 61.23 0.04 61.27 −0.10 61.17 0.77 61.93 0.23 62.16 0.93
 Cote d'Ivoire 61.94 60.02 64.13 4.12 60.27 −0.13 60.14 0.15 60.29 1.27 61.56 0.38 61.94 1.67
 DR Congo 61.90 59.79 64.04 4.25 60.24 0.19 60.43 −0.38 60.04 0.94 60.98 0.92 61.90 1.65
 Sierra Leone 61.79 60.06 63.50 3.44 59.59 0.10 59.69 0.57 60.26 1.01 61.27 0.51 61.79 2.19
 Niger 61.18 60.26 62.13 1.87 60.03 −0.14 59.89 −0.35 59.54 0.86 60.40 0.79 61.18 1.15
 Burkina Faso 61.09 58.92 63.22 4.30 60.18 0.27 60.45 −0.41 60.05 0.65 60.70 0.39 61.09 0.91
 Benin 60.77 59.35 62.21 2.86 59.89 0.27 60.15 −0.54 59.61 0.86 60.48 0.30 60.77 0.89
 Guinea 60.74 59.52 61.90 2.38 59.38 −0.03 59.35 0.02 59.37 1.06 60.43 0.31 60.74 1.36
 Mali 60.44 59.04 61.90 2.86 59.22 −0.36 58.86 0.26 59.12 0.92 60.03 0.40 60.44 1.22
 Somalia 58.82 56.35 61.39 5.04 57.25 −0.15 57.09 −1.39 55.70 −1.77 53.93 4.88 58.82 1.57
 South Sudan 57.62 54.64 60.63 5.99 58.13 −0.48 57.65 −0.60 57.05 0.16 57.20 0.41 57.62 −0.51
 CAR 57.41 55.26 59.29 4.03 31.53 19.07 50.60 −10.32 40.28 −21.46 18.82 38.59 57.41 25.88
 Lesotho 57.38 54.62 60.01 5.39 55.25 −0.12 55.13 −0.92 54.21 2.60 56.81 0.56 57.38 2.13
 Chad 55.07 53.20 57.01 3.82 52.99 0.09 53.08 0.05 53.14 1.39 54.53 0.54 55.07 2.08
 Nigeria 54.46 54.18 54.74 0.57 53.01 0.06 53.07 0.38 53.45 0.62 54.08 0.38 54.46 1.45
Change of life expectancy in 2019-2023, according to estimate of the UN,[1] a smooth palette

World Bank Group (2023)

Estimation of the World Bank Group for 2023.[5][6][7] Only countries with populations over 50,000 are listed. Due to this criterion, the table does not include such countries as Monaco (LE 86.37 years, population 39,000), San Marino (LE 85.71 years, population 34,000), and Liechtenstein (LE 84.84 years, population 41,000). The values in the World Bank Group tables are rounded. All calculations were done on raw data, therefore, due to the nuances of rounding, in some places illusory inconsistencies of indicators arose, with a size of 0.01 year.

In 2014, some of the world's leading countries had a local peak in life expectancy, so this year is chosen for comparison with 2019 and 2023.

World Bank Group (2023)
Countries and
territories
2023 Historical data recovery from
COVID-19:
2019→2023
All Male Female Sex gap 2014 2014
→2019
2019 2019
→2020
2020 2020
→2021
2021 2021
→2022
2022 2022
→2023
2023
 Hong Kong SAR, China 85.25 82.54 88.09 5.55 83.94 1.22 85.16 0.34 85.50 0.04 85.53 −1.87 83.66 1.59 85.25 0.09
 French Polynesia 84.07 81.78 86.50 4.73 82.15 1.04 83.19 −0.74 82.46 −2.89 79.57 4.29 83.86 0.21 84.07 0.88
 Switzerland 84.06 82.30 85.90 3.60 83.20 0.71 83.90 −0.90 83.00 0.75 83.75 −0.15 83.60 0.45 84.06 0.15
 Japan 84.04 81.09 87.14 6.05 83.59 0.77 84.36 0.20 84.56 −0.11 84.45 −0.45 84.00 0.04 84.04 −0.32
 Andorra 84.04 82.10 86.11 4.01 84.48 −0.39 84.10 −4.68 79.42 2.91 82.33 1.69 84.02 0.02 84.04 −0.06
 Spain 83.88 81.20 86.70 5.50 83.23 0.60 83.83 −1.60 82.23 0.95 83.18 −0.04 83.13 0.75 83.88 0.05
 Italy 83.70 81.70 85.80 4.10 83.09 0.41 83.50 −1.30 82.20 0.45 82.65 0.05 82.70 1.00 83.70 0.20
 Malta 83.51 81.80 85.30 3.50 82.05 0.61 82.66 −0.56 82.10 0.16 82.26 0.19 82.45 1.06 83.51 0.85
 South Korea 83.43 80.60 86.40 5.80 81.72 1.50 83.23 0.20 83.43 0.10 83.53 −0.85 82.68 0.75 83.43 0.20
 Luxembourg 83.36 81.70 85.10 3.40 82.23 0.41 82.64 −0.50 82.14 0.45 82.60 0.35 82.95 0.41 83.36 0.72
 Sweden 83.31 81.70 85.00 3.30 82.25 0.86 83.11 −0.75 82.36 0.70 83.06 0.00 83.06 0.25 83.31 0.20
 Israel 83.20 81.00 85.50 4.50 82.15 0.65 82.80 −0.16 82.65 −0.15 82.50 0.20 82.70 0.50 83.20 0.39
 Kuwait 83.19 82.70 83.70 1.00 79.08 2.89 81.97 −3.21 78.76 −0.02 78.74 1.85 80.59 2.60 83.19 1.22
 Macao SAR, China 83.18 80.40 86.10 5.70 83.02 0.91 83.93 0.20 84.13 −0.40 83.73 −0.65 83.08 0.10 83.18 −0.75
 Faroe Islands 83.14 80.90 85.50 4.60 81.59 0.85 82.44 0.20 82.64 0.20 82.84 0.10 82.94 0.20 83.14 0.70
 Norway 83.11 81.60 84.70 3.10 82.10 0.86 82.96 0.25 83.21 −0.05 83.16 −0.65 82.51 0.60 83.11 0.15
 Australia 83.05 81.10 85.10 4.00 82.30 0.60 82.90 0.30 83.20 0.10 83.30 −0.10 83.20 −0.15 83.05 0.15
 New Zealand 83.00 81.20 84.90 3.70 81.46 0.60 82.06 0.20 82.26 −0.05 82.21 −0.25 81.96 1.05 83.00 0.95
 France 82.93 80.10 85.90 5.80 82.72 0.11 82.83 −0.65 82.18 0.15 82.32 −0.20 82.13 0.80 82.93 0.10
 United Arab Emirates 82.91 81.98 84.20 2.23 81.99 0.61 82.60 −0.66 81.94 −2.85 79.08 1.40 80.49 2.42 82.91 0.31
 Singapore 82.90 80.70 85.20 4.50 82.50 1.10 83.60 −0.05 83.54 −0.45 83.09 −0.20 82.90 0.00 82.90 −0.70
 Ireland 82.86 81.30 84.50 3.20 81.35 1.35 82.70 −0.25 82.46 −0.20 82.25 0.26 82.51 0.35 82.86 0.16
 Iceland 82.61 80.90 84.40 3.50 82.86 0.30 83.16 −0.10 83.06 0.10 83.17 −1.05 82.12 0.49 82.61 −0.56
 Belgium 82.40 80.30 84.60 4.30 81.29 0.71 82.00 −1.30 80.70 1.10 81.79 −0.04 81.75 0.65 82.40 0.40
 Qatar 82.37 81.61 83.37 1.76 81.39 1.55 82.94 −2.54 80.41 0.67 81.08 0.77 81.86 0.51 82.37 −0.58
 Bermuda 82.31 78.86 85.74 6.89 80.20 1.05 81.25 0.20 81.46 0.29 81.75 0.32 82.06 0.25 82.31 1.06
 Portugal 82.28 79.50 85.20 5.70 81.12 0.55 81.68 −0.35 81.33 0.05 81.38 0.25 81.63 0.65 82.28 0.60
 Slovenia 81.98 79.10 85.00 5.90 81.08 0.45 81.53 −1.00 80.53 0.14 80.68 0.61 81.28 0.70 81.98 0.45
 Netherlands 81.91 80.50 83.40 2.90 81.71 0.40 82.11 −0.75 81.36 −0.05 81.31 0.30 81.61 0.30 81.91 −0.20
 Denmark 81.85 80.00 83.80 3.80 80.70 0.75 81.45 0.15 81.60 −0.20 81.40 −0.10 81.30 0.55 81.85 0.40
 Puerto Rico 81.69 78.03 85.24 7.21 80.04 1.40 81.44 −1.43 80.01 −0.24 79.77 −0.34 79.43 2.26 81.69 0.25
 Finland 81.69 79.10 84.40 5.30 81.18 0.80 81.98 −0.05 81.93 −0.05 81.89 −0.70 81.19 0.50 81.69 −0.30
 Cyprus 81.65 79.64 83.67 4.03 81.34 0.12 81.45 −0.22 81.23 −0.66 80.57 −0.14 80.43 1.21 81.65 0.19
 Canada 81.65 79.51 83.89 4.38 81.78 0.38 82.16 −0.63 81.54 −0.02 81.52 −0.27 81.25 0.40 81.65 −0.52
 Austria 81.54 79.20 84.00 4.80 81.49 0.40 81.90 −0.70 81.19 0.00 81.19 0.10 81.30 0.25 81.54 −0.35
 Greece 81.54 79.00 84.20 5.20 81.39 0.25 81.64 −0.35 81.29 −1.20 80.08 0.70 80.79 0.75 81.54 −0.10
 Bahrain 81.28 80.67 81.99 1.31 80.21 0.26 80.47 −1.79 78.68 −0.60 78.08 2.91 80.99 0.29 81.28 0.81
 United Kingdom 81.24 79.36 83.21 3.85 81.30 0.06 81.37 −1.04 80.33 0.32 80.65 0.36 81.01 0.23 81.24 −0.13
 Chile 81.17 79.24 83.08 3.84 79.71 0.61 80.32 −0.97 79.35 −0.47 78.88 0.30 79.18 1.99 81.17 0.84
 Channel Islands 81.10 79.00 83.20 4.20 81.60 −0.40 81.20 −0.30 80.90 −0.60 80.30 0.70 81.00 0.10 81.10 −0.10
 Maldives 81.04 79.69 82.82 3.13 78.19 1.52 79.71 −0.99 78.71 −0.66 78.05 2.71 80.76 0.28 81.04 1.33
 Isle of Man 81.00 78.93 83.13 4.21 80.20 0.54 80.74 −0.15 80.59 −0.17 80.42 0.54 80.96 0.04 81.00 0.26
 Costa Rica 80.80 78.13 83.42 5.29 80.23 0.07 80.30 −0.57 79.72 −1.67 78.05 1.27 79.32 1.48 80.80 0.50
 Germany 80.54 78.20 83.00 4.80 81.09 0.20 81.29 −0.25 81.04 −0.25 80.79 −0.18 80.61 −0.07 80.54 −0.75
 Virgin Islands (U.S.) 80.52 77.30 83.90 6.60 78.87 0.80 79.67 0.15 79.82 0.25 80.07 0.25 80.32 0.20 80.52 0.85
 Cayman Islands 80.36 77.98 82.87 4.89 77.86 1.19 79.05 0.18 79.23 0.07 79.30 0.68 79.98 0.37 80.36 1.31
 Oman 80.03 78.49 81.88 3.39 79.03 0.92 79.95 −2.18 77.76 −1.79 75.97 1.94 77.91 2.12 80.03 0.09
 Czechia 79.88 77.00 82.90 5.90 78.82 0.40 79.23 −1.00 78.23 −1.00 77.22 1.71 78.93 0.95 79.88 0.65
 Albania 79.60 77.73 81.45 3.72 78.03 1.44 79.47 −1.64 77.82 −0.98 76.84 1.93 78.77 0.83 79.60 0.14
 Panama 79.59 76.65 82.56 5.90 77.36 1.15 78.51 −2.18 76.33 0.67 77.00 2.32 79.32 0.27 79.59 1.08
 Northern Mariana Islands 78.81 77.13 80.74 3.61 77.38 0.47 77.84 0.19 78.03 0.13 78.16 0.37 78.53 0.28 78.81 0.96
 New Caledonia 78.77 76.28 81.29 5.01 77.05 0.21 77.26 −0.21 77.05 0.06 77.11 0.58 77.70 1.07 78.77 1.50
 Saudi Arabia 78.73 77.10 81.16 4.06 77.12 1.20 78.31 −0.72 77.60 −0.51 77.09 0.22 77.31 1.42 78.73 0.42
 Poland 78.51 74.80 82.40 7.60 77.60 0.30 77.90 −1.50 76.40 −1.05 75.35 1.80 77.16 1.35 78.51 0.60
 Estonia 78.49 74.10 83.10 9.00 77.03 1.61 78.65 −0.05 78.60 −1.65 76.94 0.90 77.84 0.65 78.49 −0.16
 Croatia 78.47 75.40 81.70 6.30 77.72 0.50 78.22 −0.70 77.52 −1.10 76.42 1.15 77.58 0.90 78.47 0.25
 USA 78.39 75.80 81.10 5.30 78.84 −0.05 78.79 −1.81 76.98 −0.65 76.33 1.10 77.43 0.95 78.39 −0.40
 Uruguay 78.14 74.19 81.92 7.73 77.19 0.31 77.50 0.88 78.38 −2.95 75.43 1.03 76.47 1.67 78.14 0.64
 Cuba 78.08 75.67 80.52 4.85 77.83 −0.41 77.41 −0.01 77.41 −4.21 73.20 4.43 77.63 0.46 78.08 0.67
 Slovakia 78.02 74.70 81.50 6.80 76.81 0.85 77.67 −0.80 76.87 −2.25 74.61 2.35 76.97 1.05 78.02 0.35
 China 77.95 75.20 80.93 5.73 76.71 1.23 77.94 0.08 78.02 0.10 78.12 0.08 78.20 −0.25 77.95 0.01
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 77.85 74.42 80.90 6.48 77.09 0.31 77.39 −1.35 76.04 −1.47 74.57 2.21 76.78 1.07 77.85 0.46
 Lebanon 77.82 75.74 79.73 3.99 78.15 0.06 78.21 −1.91 76.30 −2.65 73.65 4.35 78.00 −0.19 77.82 −0.39
 Jordan 77.81 75.71 80.19 4.48 74.61 2.26 76.86 −1.28 75.58 −1.38 74.20 2.88 77.09 0.73 77.81 0.95
 Peru 77.74 75.41 80.12 4.71 75.26 1.02 76.28 −2.44 73.83 −2.24 71.60 5.24 76.83 0.91 77.74 1.46
 Colombia 77.72 74.95 80.45 5.50 75.95 0.84 76.79 −2.04 74.76 −2.06 72.70 3.81 76.51 1.22 77.72 0.93
 Iran 77.65 75.79 79.63 3.84 75.64 1.22 76.86 −2.71 74.14 −0.39 73.75 3.05 76.80 0.85 77.65 0.80
 Antigua and Barbuda 77.60 74.55 80.29 5.74 76.91 0.26 77.17 −0.01 77.16 0.04 77.20 0.29 77.48 0.11 77.60 0.43
 Montenegro 77.59 75.10 80.20 5.10 76.34 0.34 76.68 −0.75 75.93 −2.11 73.82 2.36 76.19 1.40 77.59 0.90
 Sri Lanka 77.48 74.24 80.59 6.35 75.76 0.94 76.70 0.23 76.93 −0.65 76.28 1.02 77.30 0.18 77.48 0.79
 Armenia 77.47 74.10 81.00 6.90 74.87 1.35 76.22 −2.85 73.38 −1.10 72.28 2.49 74.77 2.70 77.47 1.24
 Argentina 77.39 74.81 79.88 5.07 76.27 0.58 76.85 −0.97 75.88 −1.93 73.95 1.86 75.81 1.59 77.39 0.55
 Ecuador 77.39 74.66 80.14 5.47 76.14 1.14 77.29 −5.28 72.00 0.74 72.75 3.83 76.58 0.81 77.39 0.11
 Guam 77.21 73.44 81.42 7.98 76.42 0.22 76.64 −1.12 75.53 −0.09 75.43 1.67 77.10 0.11 77.21 0.56
 Turkey 77.16 74.53 79.86 5.33 76.45 1.28 77.74 −1.21 76.53 −0.80 75.72 1.87 77.59 −0.43 77.16 −0.58
 Lithuania 76.99 72.50 81.70 9.20 74.52 1.77 76.28 −1.25 75.03 −0.99 74.04 1.61 75.64 1.34 76.99 0.70
 Curacao 76.80 72.46 80.82 8.37 76.38 0.11 76.49 0.01 76.50 −0.81 75.69 1.04 76.73 0.07 76.80 0.31
 Hungary 76.77 73.60 80.10 6.50 75.76 0.56 76.32 −0.90 75.42 −1.35 74.07 1.80 75.87 0.90 76.77 0.45
 Malaysia 76.66 74.27 79.37 5.10 75.34 0.56 75.90 0.16 76.06 −2.14 73.92 1.53 75.44 1.21 76.66 0.76
 Romania 76.61 72.90 80.50 7.60 74.91 0.70 75.61 −1.35 74.25 −1.44 72.81 2.34 75.15 1.45 76.61 1.00
 Tunisia 76.51 73.92 79.15 5.23 74.78 0.81 75.60 −0.59 75.00 −2.11 72.89 3.16 76.05 0.46 76.51 0.91
 Thailand 76.41 72.16 80.86 8.70 76.28 0.92 77.20 0.13 77.33 0.27 77.61 −2.31 75.29 1.12 76.41 −0.78
 Sint Maarten 76.37 73.70 79.53 5.83 75.73 −0.05 75.68 −0.68 75.00 −0.50 74.50 1.68 76.18 0.19 76.37 0.69
 Aruba 76.35 73.70 78.78 5.08 75.26 0.76 76.02 −0.61 75.41 −1.75 73.66 2.57 76.23 0.13 76.35 0.33
 Algeria 76.26 74.89 77.70 2.80 74.99 0.69 75.68 −2.42 73.26 1.95 75.21 0.92 76.13 0.13 76.26 0.58
 Serbia 76.22 73.86 78.70 4.84 75.34 0.60 75.94 −1.46 74.48 −1.70 72.78 2.46 75.24 0.98 76.22 0.28
 Barbados 76.18 73.63 78.61 4.98 75.93 0.57 76.50 0.15 76.65 −0.07 76.58 −0.90 75.68 0.50 76.18 −0.32
 Cabo Verde 76.06 72.86 79.21 6.35 73.79 1.66 75.45 −1.63 73.82 0.61 74.42 1.48 75.91 0.15 76.06 0.61
 Brazil 75.85 72.76 78.98 6.22 74.82 0.99 75.81 −1.30 74.51 −1.47 73.04 1.83 74.87 0.98 75.85 0.04
 Bulgaria 75.71 72.00 79.60 7.60 74.47 0.65 75.11 −1.76 73.36 −2.14 71.21 2.95 74.16 1.55 75.71 0.60
 Latvia 75.68 70.80 80.80 10.00 74.12 1.26 75.39 −0.20 75.19 −2.20 72.98 1.30 74.28 1.40 75.68 0.29
 Brunei 75.33 73.33 77.56 4.23 74.86 0.19 75.05 0.06 75.11 −0.25 74.87 −1.95 72.92 2.41 75.33 0.28
 North Macedonia 75.32 73.16 77.58 4.42 75.45 1.15 76.60 −2.21 74.40 −1.15 73.25 1.18 74.42 0.89 75.32 −1.29
 Morocco 75.31 73.17 77.60 4.43 72.52 1.72 74.25 −1.11 73.13 0.25 73.39 1.78 75.16 0.15 75.31 1.07
 Grenada 75.20 72.36 78.36 5.99 75.05 −0.07 74.97 0.05 75.02 −0.50 74.52 0.63 75.15 0.05 75.20 0.23
 Mexico 75.07 72.24 77.81 5.57 74.40 0.13 74.53 −4.08 70.45 −0.70 69.75 4.22 73.97 1.10 75.07 0.54
 Seychelles 74.96 71.30 78.80 7.50 73.23 0.82 74.05 3.19 77.24 −3.84 73.40 0.30 73.70 1.26 74.96 0.91
 Nicaragua 74.95 72.31 77.42 5.11 72.79 0.97 73.76 −3.00 70.77 −0.29 70.48 3.98 74.46 0.48 74.95 1.18
 Bangladesh 74.67 73.03 76.37 3.34 70.02 2.61 72.62 −1.20 71.42 −0.32 71.10 3.16 74.27 0.41 74.67 2.05
 Vietnam 74.59 69.88 79.26 9.39 73.89 0.33 74.21 1.17 75.38 −1.24 74.14 0.36 74.50 0.09 74.59 0.38
 Bahamas 74.55 70.91 78.19 7.28 74.03 −2.62 71.41 1.59 72.99 −2.24 70.75 3.74 74.49 0.06 74.55 3.14
 Georgia 74.50 69.57 79.11 9.54 73.11 1.06 74.17 −0.66 73.51 −1.87 71.64 2.51 74.14 0.35 74.50 0.33
 Azerbaijan 74.43 71.56 77.13 5.57 71.93 1.36 73.29 −2.98 70.31 0.69 71.00 3.13 74.12 0.30 74.43 1.14
 Kazakhstan 74.40 70.11 78.39 8.28 71.42 2.24 73.66 −2.46 71.19 −1.06 70.13 3.37 73.50 0.90 74.40 0.74
 Belarus 74.18 69.53 79.06 9.53 72.97 1.26 74.23 −2.09 72.14 −0.07 72.07 2.03 74.10 0.08 74.18 −0.04
 Paraguay 73.84 70.89 76.95 6.07 73.42 0.25 73.67 −0.95 72.72 −4.61 68.11 4.21 72.32 1.52 73.84 0.18
 Dominican Republic 73.72 70.53 76.97 6.44 73.14 −0.03 73.11 −0.48 72.64 −0.88 71.76 2.45 74.21 −0.49 73.72 0.61
 North Korea 73.64 71.46 75.74 4.29 72.45 0.48 72.93 −0.14 72.78 0.65 73.44 0.20 73.64 0.00 73.64 0.71
 Suriname 73.63 70.46 76.83 6.38 70.33 1.44 71.77 0.55 72.32 −3.38 68.94 4.31 73.25 0.38 73.63 1.86
 Belize 73.57 70.93 76.50 5.57 71.44 1.14 72.58 −1.00 71.58 −0.66 70.92 1.27 72.19 1.38 73.57 0.99
 Trinidad and Tobago 73.49 70.38 76.68 6.31 72.90 −0.06 72.84 −0.19 72.64 −1.53 71.11 2.22 73.33 0.16 73.49 0.65
 Ukraine 73.42 66.90 80.20 13.30 71.80 2.12 73.92 −0.64 73.28 −1.65 71.63 1.03 72.66 0.76 73.42 −0.50
 Mauritius 73.41 70.10 76.89 6.79 74.19 0.04 74.24 −0.06 74.18 −0.50 73.68 −0.17 73.51 −0.10 73.41 −0.82
World 73.33 70.95 75.84 4.89 71.78 1.09 72.87 −0.68 72.18 −0.97 71.22 1.75 72.97 0.36 73.33 0.46
 Russia 73.25 68.04 78.73 10.69 70.74 2.34 73.08 −1.75 71.34 −1.44 69.90 2.65 72.55 0.71 73.25 0.17
Caribbean small states 73.03 69.82 76.36 6.54 71.26 0.56 71.82 −0.19 71.63 −2.23 69.40 3.21 72.61 0.42 73.03 1.22
 Bhutan 72.97 71.31 74.97 3.66 70.50 1.50 72.00 0.25 72.25 0.19 72.45 0.31 72.75 0.22 72.97 0.97
 Tonga 72.89 69.37 76.41 7.03 71.72 0.57 72.29 0.09 72.38 −0.25 72.13 0.51 72.64 0.26 72.89 0.60
 Honduras 72.88 70.35 75.50 5.16 71.03 1.09 72.12 −1.26 70.86 −1.37 69.49 3.22 72.72 0.17 72.88 0.76
 St. Lucia 72.70 69.31 76.30 6.99 72.68 −0.43 72.25 0.06 72.31 −3.19 69.12 3.55 72.67 0.03 72.70 0.45
 Guatemala 72.60 70.31 74.88 4.56 70.94 0.70 71.64 −1.67 69.97 −2.11 67.86 3.35 71.21 1.40 72.60 0.96
 Venezuela 72.51 68.72 76.50 7.78 72.84 −0.07 72.77 −0.40 72.37 −0.83 71.54 1.03 72.57 −0.05 72.51 −0.25
 Uzbekistan 72.39 69.45 75.40 5.95 70.97 1.12 72.09 −0.63 71.46 0.22 71.68 0.47 72.15 0.24 72.39 0.30
 Iraq 72.32 70.43 74.06 3.63 69.68 1.57 71.25 −1.59 69.65 1.05 70.70 1.33 72.04 0.29 72.32 1.08
 Kyrgyzstan 72.25 68.20 76.50 8.30 70.40 1.20 71.60 0.20 71.80 0.10 71.90 0.15 72.05 0.20 72.25 0.65
 Mongolia 72.12 67.62 76.85 9.23 70.58 0.47 71.05 0.30 71.35 0.30 71.65 0.26 71.90 0.22 72.12 1.07
 Syria 72.12 69.83 74.41 4.58 65.49 5.48 70.97 0.97 71.94 0.47 72.42 0.37 72.79 −0.67 72.12 1.15
 El Salvador 72.10 67.52 76.26 8.74 71.14 0.58 71.72 −1.48 70.24 −0.30 69.94 2.03 71.97 0.13 72.10 0.37
 India 72.00 70.52 73.60 3.08 68.93 1.81 70.75 −0.59 70.16 −2.87 67.28 4.42 71.70 0.31 72.00 1.26
 Tajikistan 71.79 69.57 73.98 4.40 69.70 1.27 70.96 −2.36 68.61 0.99 69.59 1.97 71.56 0.23 71.79 0.83
 Samoa 71.70 69.86 73.66 3.80 71.14 −0.87 70.27 0.46 70.73 0.37 71.10 0.45 71.55 0.15 71.70 1.43
 Egypt 71.63 69.49 73.81 4.32 69.91 1.30 71.21 −1.42 69.79 −0.81 68.98 2.03 71.01 0.62 71.63 0.42
 Greenland 71.55 69.74 73.45 3.71 71.06 0.88 71.94 −0.09 71.85 −0.04 71.81 −0.27 71.54 0.01 71.55 −0.39
 Jamaica 71.48 68.97 73.99 5.02 72.36 −0.83 71.53 −0.08 71.45 −2.37 69.08 2.40 71.48 0.00 71.48 −0.05
 Vanuatu 71.48 69.44 73.93 4.48 70.04 0.74 70.78 −0.40 70.39 −0.43 69.95 1.35 71.30 0.17 71.48 0.69
 St. Vincent and the Grenadines 71.23 68.66 74.31 5.65 70.36 0.64 70.99 −1.39 69.61 −0.47 69.13 2.06 71.19 0.04 71.23 0.24
 Moldova 71.20 66.57 75.53 8.97 70.24 −0.06 70.18 −0.27 69.91 −0.92 68.99 2.56 71.55 −0.35 71.20 1.02
 Indonesia 71.15 69.04 73.27 4.23 69.29 1.06 70.35 −1.53 68.82 −1.36 67.45 3.47 70.92 0.22 71.15 0.80
 Dominica 71.13 68.21 74.55 6.33 71.19 0.12 71.31 −0.04 71.27 −1.44 69.83 1.25 71.08 0.05 71.13 −0.17
 Cambodia 70.67 68.01 73.19 5.18 69.12 1.01 70.13 −0.07 70.06 −0.76 69.30 1.23 70.53 0.14 70.67 0.54
 Solomon Islands 70.53 69.22 71.98 2.77 68.98 1.00 69.98 −0.72 69.26 −0.37 68.89 1.52 70.41 0.12 70.53 0.55
 Nepal 70.35 68.83 71.84 3.00 67.81 1.49 69.30 −0.19 69.11 −0.72 68.39 1.70 70.09 0.27 70.35 1.05
 Guyana 70.18 66.51 73.94 7.44 67.33 1.73 69.07 −1.32 67.75 −3.43 64.32 5.57 69.89 0.29 70.18 1.11
 Turkmenistan 70.07 66.87 72.84 5.97 69.00 0.40 69.41 −0.56 68.85 0.51 69.35 0.56 69.91 0.16 70.07 0.67
 Philippines 69.83 66.89 72.82 5.93 69.31 0.37 69.68 0.42 70.10 −3.42 66.67 2.80 69.47 0.36 69.83 0.15
 Sao Tome and Principe 69.72 66.24 73.73 7.49 65.48 2.57 68.04 −0.06 67.98 0.05 68.03 1.21 69.24 0.48 69.72 1.67
 Libya 69.34 68.27 70.42 2.15 71.30 1.64 72.94 −0.55 72.39 −0.33 72.06 2.40 74.46 −5.12 69.34 −3.60
 Yemen 69.30 67.23 71.39 4.15 68.00 −1.44 66.57 −0.13 66.44 −0.42 66.02 1.93 67.95 1.34 69.30 2.73
Pacific island small states 69.27 67.39 71.31 3.92 68.04 0.60 68.64 −0.29 68.36 −0.88 67.48 1.62 69.10 0.17 69.27 0.63
 Botswana 69.16 66.67 71.70 5.02 62.17 5.00 67.17 0.48 67.64 −4.34 63.30 5.45 68.75 0.41 69.16 2.00
 Laos 68.96 66.78 71.25 4.47 66.35 1.56 67.91 0.43 68.34 −0.53 67.81 0.91 68.72 0.25 68.96 1.05
 Senegal 68.68 66.79 70.75 3.96 66.00 1.67 67.67 −0.17 67.50 −0.63 66.87 0.92 67.79 0.90 68.68 1.02
 Eritrea 68.62 66.51 70.66 4.15 65.52 1.79 67.31 −0.33 66.98 −0.04 66.94 0.85 67.79 0.83 68.62 1.32
 Bolivia 68.58 66.13 71.14 5.02 66.97 0.85 67.82 −4.91 62.91 −1.48 61.43 6.01 67.43 1.15 68.58 0.76
 Mauritania 68.48 66.50 70.48 3.98 66.21 1.43 67.64 −0.85 66.79 −0.03 66.76 1.52 68.28 0.20 68.48 0.84
 Gabon 68.34 65.91 71.05 5.15 66.07 1.27 67.34 −0.26 67.07 0.00 67.07 0.64 67.71 0.62 68.34 1.00
 Uganda 68.25 65.27 71.12 5.85 63.06 3.30 66.35 0.06 66.41 0.04 66.45 1.22 67.67 0.58 68.25 1.90
 Rwanda 67.78 65.49 69.89 4.39 65.09 1.60 66.69 0.26 66.95 −0.10 66.85 0.68 67.53 0.26 67.78 1.09
 Timor-Leste 67.69 66.07 69.44 3.37 65.03 1.47 66.50 0.42 66.92 −0.72 66.20 1.17 67.37 0.32 67.69 1.19
 Pakistan 67.65 65.33 70.16 4.83 65.37 1.36 66.73 −1.03 65.70 0.07 65.77 1.64 67.42 0.23 67.65 0.92
 Namibia 67.39 63.33 71.34 8.01 59.31 4.23 63.55 0.52 64.07 −3.22 60.85 3.34 64.19 3.20 67.39 3.84
 Malawi 67.35 64.07 70.56 6.49 61.65 3.34 65.00 0.22 65.22 −0.43 64.78 1.26 66.04 1.32 67.35 2.36
 Fiji 67.32 65.34 69.36 4.02 66.58 0.43 67.01 −0.08 66.92 −2.02 64.90 2.24 67.15 0.17 67.32 0.31
 Ethiopia 67.31 64.08 70.73 6.65 62.93 2.81 65.74 0.23 65.97 −0.64 65.33 1.57 66.90 0.42 67.31 1.57
 Micronesia 67.20 63.49 71.12 7.63 65.29 0.90 66.20 −0.32 65.88 0.27 66.15 0.81 66.96 0.24 67.20 1.00
 Tanzania 67.00 64.20 69.78 5.58 63.36 2.64 66.01 0.76 66.77 −0.64 66.13 0.75 66.88 0.12 67.00 0.99
 Myanmar 66.89 63.79 70.16 6.37 64.99 1.46 66.46 0.16 66.61 −1.06 65.55 0.95 66.51 0.38 66.89 0.43
 Comoros 66.78 64.79 68.93 4.15 64.14 1.52 65.66 0.09 65.76 −0.56 65.20 1.28 66.48 0.30 66.78 1.11
 Kiribati 66.47 64.58 68.17 3.59 65.87 0.00 65.87 −0.66 65.20 −1.06 64.15 2.12 66.27 0.20 66.47 0.61
 Zambia 66.35 63.94 68.67 4.74 60.11 2.80 62.91 0.45 63.36 −1.00 62.36 2.92 65.28 1.07 66.35 3.44
 Sudan 66.33 63.27 69.63 6.35 63.99 1.81 65.80 −0.68 65.12 −0.66 64.46 1.23 65.69 0.64 66.33 0.53
 South Africa 66.14 62.61 69.60 6.99 63.18 2.89 66.07 −0.92 65.15 −3.14 62.01 3.44 65.45 0.69 66.14 0.07
 Papua New Guinea 66.13 63.74 69.08 5.35 64.20 1.13 65.33 −0.26 65.08 −0.72 64.36 0.92 65.27 0.86 66.13 0.80
 Afghanistan 66.03 64.47 67.54 3.07 62.26 0.68 62.94 −1.49 61.45 −1.04 60.42 5.20 65.62 0.42 66.03 3.09
 Djibouti 65.99 63.52 68.51 4.99 62.43 1.95 64.38 −0.18 64.20 −0.37 63.83 1.71 65.54 0.45 65.99 1.61
 Gambia 65.86 64.17 67.53 3.36 62.58 1.85 64.43 −0.01 64.42 −0.57 63.85 1.01 64.86 1.00 65.86 1.43
 Congo, Rep. 65.77 64.12 67.46 3.34 63.35 −0.20 63.15 1.24 64.39 −0.20 64.19 0.81 65.00 0.77 65.77 2.62
 Ghana 65.50 63.13 67.94 4.81 62.83 1.62 64.45 −0.15 64.31 −0.02 64.29 0.96 65.25 0.25 65.50 1.04
 Palestine 65.17 59.69 71.50 11.81 72.78 3.03 75.81 −0.81 75.00 −1.11 73.89 2.77 76.66 −11.49 65.17 −10.64
 Haiti 64.94 61.73 68.30 6.57 62.97 1.36 64.33 −0.55 63.77 −1.16 62.61 1.34 63.95 0.99 64.94 0.61
 Angola 64.62 62.10 67.14 5.05 60.40 2.66 63.05 0.06 63.12 −0.16 62.96 1.29 64.25 0.37 64.62 1.57
 Eswatini 64.12 61.19 66.95 5.77 53.49 6.36 59.85 0.01 59.86 −1.63 58.23 4.80 63.03 1.10 64.12 4.27
 Guinea-Bissau 64.08 61.66 66.36 4.70 59.48 2.69 62.16 −0.82 61.34 0.31 61.65 1.95 63.60 0.48 64.08 1.92
 Equatorial Guinea 63.71 62.04 65.66 3.62 60.23 2.07 62.30 −0.16 62.14 0.31 62.45 0.91 63.35 0.35 63.71 1.41
 Cameroon 63.70 61.52 65.94 4.42 59.13 2.56 61.70 −0.02 61.67 −0.53 61.15 1.30 62.44 1.26 63.70 2.01
 Burundi 63.65 61.60 65.70 4.10 59.76 2.42 62.18 0.39 62.57 −0.47 62.10 0.78 62.88 0.77 63.65 1.47
 Kenya 63.65 61.46 65.92 4.46 61.99 0.95 62.94 −1.34 61.60 −0.37 61.23 2.32 63.55 0.10 63.65 0.71
 Madagascar 63.63 61.94 65.38 3.44 63.26 0.24 63.50 −0.80 62.71 −0.19 62.52 0.55 63.07 0.56 63.63 0.13
 Mozambique 63.61 60.30 66.54 6.24 57.97 3.34 61.31 0.08 61.39 −1.12 60.27 2.74 63.01 0.60 63.61 2.30
 Zimbabwe 62.77 60.23 65.01 4.79 58.11 2.95 61.06 0.47 61.53 −1.40 60.13 2.23 62.36 0.41 62.77 1.71
 Togo 62.74 62.54 62.92 0.39 58.77 2.29 61.05 0.07 61.12 0.21 61.33 0.96 62.29 0.45 62.74 1.68
 Liberia 62.16 60.88 63.44 2.57 59.21 2.02 61.23 0.04 61.27 −0.10 61.17 0.77 61.93 0.23 62.16 0.93
 Cote d'Ivoire 61.94 60.02 64.13 4.12 57.77 2.50 60.27 −0.13 60.14 0.15 60.29 1.27 61.56 0.38 61.94 1.67
 DR Congo 61.90 59.79 64.04 4.25 58.24 2.01 60.24 0.19 60.43 −0.38 60.04 0.94 60.98 0.92 61.90 1.65
 Sierra Leone 61.79 60.06 63.50 3.44 54.28 5.31 59.59 0.10 59.69 0.57 60.26 1.02 61.27 0.51 61.79 2.19
 Niger 61.18 60.26 62.13 1.87 58.69 1.34 60.03 −0.14 59.89 −0.35 59.54 0.86 60.40 0.78 61.18 1.15
 Burkina Faso 61.09 58.92 63.22 4.30 58.33 1.85 60.18 0.27 60.45 −0.41 60.05 0.65 60.70 0.39 61.09 0.91
 Benin 60.77 59.35 62.21 2.86 59.01 0.88 59.89 0.27 60.15 −0.54 59.61 0.87 60.48 0.30 60.77 0.89
 Guinea 60.74 59.52 61.90 2.38 57.58 1.80 59.38 −0.03 59.35 0.02 59.37 1.06 60.43 0.31 60.74 1.36
 Mali 60.44 59.04 61.90 2.86 57.48 1.73 59.22 −0.36 58.86 0.26 59.12 0.92 60.03 0.40 60.44 1.22
 Somalia 58.82 56.35 61.39 5.04 54.44 2.81 57.25 −0.15 57.09 −1.39 55.70 −1.77 53.93 4.89 58.82 1.57
 South Sudan 57.62 54.64 60.63 5.99 45.62 12.50 58.13 −0.48 57.65 −0.60 57.05 0.16 57.20 0.41 57.62 −0.51
 Central African Republic 57.41 55.26 59.29 4.03 40.27 −8.73 31.53 19.07 50.60 −10.32 40.28 −21.46 18.82 38.59 57.41 25.88
 Lesotho 57.38 54.62 60.01 5.39 50.79 4.46 55.25 −0.12 55.13 −0.92 54.21 2.60 56.81 0.56 57.38 2.13
 Chad 55.07 53.20 57.01 3.82 51.14 1.85 52.99 0.09 53.08 0.05 53.14 1.39 54.53 0.54 55.07 2.08
 Nigeria 54.46 54.18 54.74 0.57 51.94 1.07 53.01 0.06 53.07 0.38 53.45 0.62 54.08 0.38 54.46 1.45
Global life expectancy, World Bank Group estimates, 2019–2021

World Health Organization (2019)

According to data published by the World Health Organization in December 2020.[8][9] By default, data is sorted by life expectancy at birth for all population, and in case of equal values by HALE for all population.

World Health Organization (2019)
Countries Life expectancy at birth HALE at birth Life expectancy at age 60 HALE at age 60
All M F FΔM Δ
2000
All M F FΔM Δ
2000
All M F FΔM Δ
2000
All M F FΔM Δ
2000
 Japan 84.3 81.5 86.9 5.4 3.2 74.1 72.6 75.5 2.9 2.5 26.3 23.9 28.6 4.7 2.2 20.4 18.8 21.8 3.0 1.7
 Switzerland 83.4 81.8 85.1 3.3 3.7 72.5 72.2 72.8 0.6 3.2 25.4 24.1 26.6 2.5 2.4 19.5 18.8 20.2 1.4 1.8
 South Korea 83.3 80.3 86.1 5.8 7.1 73.1 71.3 74.7 3.4 5.7 25.8 23.4 27.9 4.5 5.1 19.8 18.2 21.2 3.0 3.9
 Singapore 83.2 81.0 85.5 4.5 4.8 73.6 72.4 74.7 2.3 4.1 25.5 23.8 27.2 3.4 4.0 20.0 18.8 21.0 2.2 3.4
 Spain 83.2 80.7 85.7 5.0 4.1 72.1 71.3 72.9 1.6 3.0 25.4 23.3 27.3 4.0 2.7 19.2 18.0 20.3 2.3 1.9
 Cyprus 83.1 81.1 85.1 4.0 4.4 72.4 71.8 73.0 1.2 3.3 24.9 23.3 26.4 3.1 3.0 19.0 18.1 19.9 1.8 2.2
 Italy 83.0 80.9 84.9 4.0 3.6 71.9 71.2 72.6 1.4 2.9 25.0 23.4 26.5 3.1 2.5 18.9 17.9 19.8 1.9 1.8
 Australia 83.0 81.3 84.8 3.5 3.3 70.9 70.2 71.7 1.5 2.3 25.6 24.4 26.8 2.4 2.5 19.0 18.2 19.7 1.5 1.7
 Israel 82.6 80.8 84.4 3.6 4.0 72.4 72.0 72.7 0.7 3.2 24.9 23.6 26.0 2.4 3.0 19.3 18.7 19.9 1.2 2.2
 Norway 82.6 81.1 84.1 3.0 4.1 71.4 71.0 71.6 0.6 3.0 24.7 23.5 25.8 2.3 2.7 18.5 17.8 19.1 1.3 1.8
 France 82.5 79.8 85.1 5.3 3.6 72.1 71.1 73.1 2.0 2.8 25.3 23.3 27.2 3.9 2.3 19.7 18.5 20.8 2.3 1.7
 Sweden 82.4 80.8 84.0 3.2 2.8 71.9 71.7 72.1 0.4 2.0 24.5 23.3 25.6 2.3 2.1 18.9 18.3 19.4 1.1 1.5
 Luxembourg 82.4 80.6 84.2 3.6 4.2 71.6 71.1 72.0 0.9 3.3 24.4 22.9 25.8 2.9 2.6 18.5 17.7 19.3 1.6 1.8
 Iceland 82.3 80.8 83.9 3.1 2.6 72.0 71.7 72.3 0.6 2.2 24.6 23.7 25.5 1.8 2.0 19.0 18.6 19.4 0.8 1.6
 Canada 82.2 80.4 84.1 3.7 3.1 71.3 70.5 72.0 1.5 1.9 25.2 23.8 26.4 2.6 2.7 19.0 18.2 19.7 1.5 1.7
 New Zealand 82.0 80.4 83.5 3.1 3.4 70.2 69.6 70.8 1.2 2.4 24.8 23.8 25.8 2.0 2.4 18.6 17.9 19.2 1.3 1.7
 Malta 81.9 79.9 83.8 3.9 4.0 71.5 70.9 71.9 1.0 3.0 24.5 23.0 25.9 2.9 3.7 18.9 18.0 19.6 1.6 2.7
 Netherlands 81.8 80.4 83.1 2.7 3.8 71.4 71.3 71.5 0.2 2.6 24.1 23.0 25.1 2.1 2.8 18.4 17.9 18.9 1.0 1.8
 Ireland 81.8 80.2 83.5 3.3 5.4 71.1 70.7 71.4 0.7 4.0 24.2 23.0 25.3 2.3 4.0 18.6 18.0 19.2 1.2 2.9
 Germany 81.7 78.7 84.8 6.1 3.6 70.9 69.7 72.1 2.4 2.4 24.4 21.9 26.9 5.0 2.6 18.5 17.0 19.9 2.9 1.7
 Portugal 81.6 78.6 84.4 5.8 5.0 71.0 69.6 72.2 2.6 4.2 24.3 22.1 26.3 4.2 3.1 18.6 17.3 19.8 2.5 2.3
 Finland 81.6 79.2 84.0 4.8 4.0 71.0 69.9 72.0 2.1 3.2 24.2 22.4 25.8 3.4 2.6 18.5 17.3 19.5 2.2 2.0
 Austria 81.6 79.4 83.8 4.4 3.4 70.9 69.9 71.9 2.0 2.7 24.1 22.4 25.6 3.2 2.1 18.3 17.2 19.4 2.2 1.6
 Belgium 81.4 79.3 83.5 4.2 3.7 70.6 69.8 71.3 1.5 2.8 24.0 22.3 25.6 3.3 2.4 18.2 17.2 19.1 1.9 1.6
 United Kingdom 81.4 79.8 83.0 3.2 3.5 70.1 69.6 70.6 1.0 2.5 24.1 23.0 25.2 2.2 2.8 18.3 17.6 18.9 1.3 2.0
 Denmark 81.3 79.6 83.0 3.4 4.4 71.0 70.7 71.4 0.7 3.4 23.6 22.3 24.9 2.6 3.0 18.2 17.6 18.9 1.3 2.2
 Slovenia 81.3 78.6 84.1 5.5 5.2 70.7 69.0 72.5 3.5 4.2 23.8 21.8 25.6 3.8 3.3 17.8 16.4 19.2 2.8 2.5
 Greece 81.1 78.6 83.6 5.0 2.9 70.9 69.9 71.9 2.0 2.3 23.8 22.1 25.5 3.4 2.3 18.4 17.3 19.5 2.2 1.6
 Kuwait 81.0 79.3 83.9 4.6 3.1 70.1 69.5 71.1 1.6 2.4 24.0 22.8 25.9 3.1 1.8 17.8 17.1 18.9 1.8 1.3
 Costa Rica 80.8 78.3 83.4 5.1 2.8 70.0 68.6 71.3 2.7 2.0 25.0 23.6 26.4 2.8 2.6 18.7 17.8 19.5 1.7 1.8
 Chile 80.7 78.1 83.2 5.1 3.9 70.0 69.0 71.1 2.1 3.0 24.3 22.4 25.9 3.5 3.0 18.4 17.3 19.3 2.0 2.0
 Peru 79.9 78.5 81.3 2.8 5.5 69.5 69.2 69.8 0.6 4.6 24.4 23.7 25.1 1.4 2.1 18.5 18.3 18.7 0.4 1.5
 Maldives 79.6 78.6 80.8 2.2 8.6 70.0 69.7 70.0 0.3 7.6 22.1 21.4 23.1 1.7 4.1 16.8 16.4 17.2 0.8 3.1
 Colombia 79.3 76.7 81.9 5.2 5.6 69.0 67.4 70.5 3.1 4.9 24.0 22.5 25.3 2.8 2.3 18.1 17.1 18.9 1.8 1.8
 Panama 79.3 76.6 82.1 5.5 2.1 68.7 67.4 70.0 2.6 1.5 24.3 22.6 26.0 3.4 1.0 18.1 17.1 19.2 2.1 0.5
 Czech Republic 79.1 76.3 81.9 5.6 4.1 68.8 67.0 70.6 3.6 2.9 22.1 19.9 24.0 4.1 2.8 16.3 14.7 17.8 3.1 1.7
 Estonia 78.9 74.7 82.6 7.9 8.0 69.2 66.4 71.7 5.3 6.6 22.5 19.3 25.0 5.7 3.9 17.3 14.8 19.1 4.3 3.0
 Croatia 78.6 75.5 81.6 6.1 4.2 68.6 66.7 70.5 3.8 3.2 21.8 19.4 23.7 4.3 2.8 16.2 14.6 17.7 3.1 1.8
 Turkey 78.6 76.4 80.7 4.3 4.2 68.4 67.8 69.0 1.2 3.4 22.0 20.6 23.2 2.6 0.5 16.6 15.8 17.3 1.5 0.3
 United States of America 78.5 76.3 80.7 4.4 1.8 66.1 65.2 67.0 1.8 0.3 23.1 21.8 24.4 2.6 1.7 16.4 15.6 17.1 1.5 0.7
 Ecuador 78.4 76.4 80.5 4.1 3.9 68.5 67.7 69.3 1.6 3.3 23.2 22.0 24.3 2.3 1.3 17.6 17.0 18.2 1.2 0.8
 Poland 78.3 74.5 81.9 7.4 4.6 68.7 65.9 71.3 5.4 3.7 22.1 19.5 24.3 4.8 2.9 16.8 14.9 18.5 3.6 2.1
 Slovakia 78.2 74.8 81.4 6.6 4.9 68.5 66.2 70.8 4.6 3.8 21.8 19.3 23.9 4.6 3.3 16.6 14.6 18.2 3.6 2.4
 Albania 78.0 76.3 79.9 3.6 4.5 69.1 68.0 70.3 2.3 3.9 21.0 20.2 21.9 1.7 2.0 16.6 15.9 17.3 1.4 1.6
 Jordan 77.9 77.0 78.8 1.8 5.3 67.6 68.1 67.2 −0.9 4.0 21.8 21.6 22.1 0.5 3.2 16.2 16.3 16.2 −0.1 2.3
 Cuba 77.8 75.4 80.3 4.9 1.0 67.8 66.6 69.2 2.6 0.7 21.6 20.0 23.2 3.2 0.0 16.3 15.2 17.4 2.2 −0.2
 Thailand 77.7 74.4 81.0 6.6 6.4 68.3 65.9 70.6 4.7 5.7 23.6 22.1 24.8 2.7 2.8 18.0 17.0 18.8 1.8 2.4
 China 77.4 74.7 80.5 5.8 5.8 68.5 67.2 70.0 2.8 4.8 21.1 19.2 23.1 3.9 2.7 15.9 15.0 16.9 1.9 1.9
 Iran 77.3 75.7 79.1 3.4 4.7 66.3 66.0 66.5 0.5 3.7 21.8 21.2 22.5 1.3 2.1 15.7 15.6 15.8 0.2 1.4
 Qatar 77.2 78.0 76.6 −1.4 5.9 67.1 68.1 65.1 −3.0 4.7 19.5 20.6 18.4 −2.2 3.6 14.2 15.1 13.1 −2.0 2.6
 Uruguay 77.1 73.5 80.6 7.1 2.3 67.5 65.4 69.5 4.1 1.6 21.7 19.0 24.0 5.0 1.1 16.6 14.9 18.2 3.3 0.6
 Algeria 77.1 76.2 78.1 1.9 4.9 66.4 66.7 66.1 −0.6 3.7 22.0 21.5 22.6 1.1 2.2 16.0 15.9 16.2 0.3 1.4
 Tunisia 77.0 74.9 79.2 4.3 2.9 66.9 66.1 67.7 1.6 2.1 21.5 20.2 22.8 2.6 1.4 16.0 15.1 16.8 1.7 0.9
 Sri Lanka 76.9 73.8 79.8 6.0 5.0 67.0 65.1 69.0 3.9 4.0 20.8 18.6 22.6 4.0 1.2 15.3 13.8 16.6 2.8 0.6
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 76.8 74.4 79.1 4.7 1.4 67.2 65.7 68.7 3.0 1.0 20.2 18.6 21.6 3.0 0.6 15.2 14.1 16.2 2.1 0.2
 Argentina 76.6 73.5 79.5 6.0 2.5 67.1 65.4 68.8 3.4 2.0 21.1 18.8 23.1 4.3 0.9 16.3 14.8 17.6 2.8 0.7
 Antigua and Barbuda 76.5 74.9 78.0 3.1 1.9 67.0 66.2 67.7 1.5 1.5 20.6 19.8 21.3 1.5 0.3 15.8 15.3 16.3 1.0 0.1
 Hungary 76.4 73.1 79.6 6.5 5.1 67.2 65.0 69.3 4.3 4.2 20.2 17.7 22.3 4.6 2.2 15.3 13.4 16.8 3.4 1.7
 Lebanon 76.4 74.0 79.2 5.2 1.8 66.0 65.1 67.0 1.9 1.3 20.5 18.8 22.4 3.6 0.7 15.0 13.9 16.2 2.3 0.1
 Trinidad and Tobago 76.1 72.5 79.9 7.4 6.4 66.2 64.0 68.6 4.6 4.8 22.7 20.4 25.0 4.6 4.6 17.2 15.6 18.9 3.3 3.2
 United Arab Emirates 76.1 75.1 78.4 3.3 2.9 66.0 65.8 66.2 0.4 2.1 19.9 19.2 21.7 2.5 1.2 14.5 14.1 15.3 1.2 0.9
 Armenia 76.0 72.5 79.2 6.7 4.1 67.1 64.9 69.1 4.2 3.6 20.4 18.2 22.1 3.9 1.6 15.7 14.2 16.9 2.7 1.2
 Barbados 76.0 74.3 77.7 3.4 1.5 67.0 66.2 67.7 1.5 1.0 20.9 19.9 21.8 1.9 0.2 16.3 15.7 16.9 1.2 −0.1
 Lithuania 76.0 71.2 80.4 9.2 4.0 66.7 63.4 69.7 6.3 3.6 20.9 17.6 23.5 5.9 1.4 15.9 13.4 17.8 4.4 1.2
 Jamaica 76.0 74.4 77.7 3.3 1.8 66.6 65.9 67.3 1.4 1.2 21.3 20.1 22.6 2.5 0.3 16.4 15.5 17.3 1.8 0.1
 Mexico 76.0 73.1 78.9 5.8 1.6 65.8 64.3 67.2 2.9 1.2 21.8 20.5 23.1 2.6 0.2 16.1 15.3 16.8 1.5 0.3
 Montenegro 75.9 73.2 78.7 5.5 2.3 67.0 65.2 68.7 3.5 1.8 19.4 17.4 21.3 3.9 0.2 14.9 13.5 16.3 2.8 0.0
 Serbia 75.9 73.5 78.3 4.8 4.5 66.9 65.4 68.4 3.0 3.5 19.6 17.9 21.1 3.2 2.5 14.9 13.7 16.0 2.3 1.7
 Brazil 75.9 72.4 79.4 7.0 4.4 65.4 63.4 67.4 4.0 3.7 21.9 20.1 23.5 3.4 2.2 16.4 15.2 17.4 2.2 1.6
 Bahrain 75.8 75.0 77.0 2.0 5.3 65.9 66.0 65.5 −0.5 4.0 19.0 18.7 19.4 0.7 4.0 13.8 13.8 13.9 0.1 2.7
 Paraguay 75.8 73.1 78.8 5.7 1.0 65.8 64.5 67.3 2.8 0.8 21.8 20.2 23.5 3.3 −0.2 16.5 15.4 17.6 2.2 −0.3
 Libya 75.8 74.2 77.3 3.1 1.4 65.2 64.9 65.5 0.6 0.6 21.3 20.5 21.9 1.4 0.3 15.5 15.3 15.8 0.5 −0.1
 Romania 75.6 72.0 79.3 7.3 4.2 66.8 64.3 69.4 5.1 3.5 20.3 17.8 22.4 4.6 2.1 15.7 13.8 17.3 3.5 1.6
 Latvia 75.4 70.6 79.8 9.2 5.2 66.2 62.9 69.3 6.4 4.6 20.5 17.2 23.0 5.8 2.2 15.6 13.2 17.4 4.2 1.7
 Bulgaria 75.1 71.6 78.6 7.0 3.5 66.3 63.9 68.7 4.8 2.8 19.8 17.4 22.0 4.6 2.2 15.2 13.4 16.9 3.5 1.5
 Nicaragua 75.0 72.1 77.9 5.8 1.7 65.5 63.7 67.2 3.5 1.8 20.0 18.0 21.9 3.9 −0.1 15.1 13.7 16.3 2.6 0.0
 El Salvador 75.0 70.6 79.1 8.5 2.5 64.9 61.6 67.8 6.2 2.2 22.1 20.4 23.6 3.2 0.7 16.4 15.1 17.4 2.3 0.3
 North Macedonia 74.8 72.8 76.9 4.1 3.7 66.1 65.1 67.3 2.2 2.9 18.3 17.0 19.6 2.6 1.9 14.0 13.1 14.9 1.8 1.3
 Belarus 74.8 69.7 79.6 9.9 6.0 66.0 62.3 69.4 7.1 5.2 19.7 16.0 22.5 6.5 2.5 15.1 12.3 17.2 4.9 2.0
 Malaysia 74.7 72.6 77.1 4.5 1.9 65.7 64.5 66.9 2.4 1.7 19.5 18.5 20.6 2.1 1.4 14.6 14.0 15.3 1.3 1.1
 Belize 74.4 71.4 77.8 6.4 4.1 65.3 63.5 67.3 3.8 3.0 21.5 20.3 22.9 2.6 2.8 16.7 15.9 17.6 1.7 2.0
 Brunei Darussalam 74.3 73.4 75.4 2.0 2.1 65.6 65.2 66.1 0.9 1.7 19.2 19.0 19.4 0.4 2.4 14.5 14.3 14.7 0.4 1.9
 Saint Lucia 74.3 71.3 77.7 6.4 1.1 64.7 63.0 66.6 3.6 0.7 20.9 19.2 22.9 3.7 0.9 15.8 14.7 17.1 2.4 0.6
 Bangladesh 74.3 73.0 75.6 2.6 8.7 64.3 64.2 64.4 0.2 7.3 20.9 20.3 21.5 1.2 3.1 15.5 15.4 15.7 0.3 2.2
 Saudi Arabia 74.3 73.1 76.1 3.0 3.8 64.0 63.8 64.4 0.6 2.8 19.9 19.3 20.8 1.5 2.4 14.0 13.8 14.4 0.6 1.6
 Kyrgyzstan 74.2 70.7 77.3 6.6 8.2 65.8 63.6 67.7 4.1 7.1 20.0 17.8 21.7 3.9 3.3 15.7 14.2 16.8 2.6 2.6
 Mauritius 74.1 71.0 77.3 6.3 2.9 63.9 62.0 65.9 3.9 2.0 20.3 18.5 22.0 3.5 2.5 14.5 13.3 15.6 2.3 1.6
 Kazakhstan 74.0 70.0 77.6 7.6 10.9 65.0 62.4 67.4 5.0 8.9 19.5 16.8 21.4 4.6 4.2 14.8 13.0 16.2 3.2 3.0
 Cabo Verde 74.0 69.9 77.9 8.0 3.0 64.8 62.2 67.2 5.0 2.8 19.7 16.8 21.8 5.0 −0.7 14.9 13.0 16.3 3.3 −0.5
 Oman 73.9 73.0 75.3 2.3 4.8 64.7 64.5 64.5 0.0 3.8 17.8 17.2 18.5 1.3 2.2 13.2 12.9 13.5 0.6 1.5
 Venezuela 73.9 69.9 78.2 8.3 −0.2 64.4 61.9 67.1 5.2 −0.3 21.7 19.7 23.6 3.9 0.4 16.3 15.0 17.5 2.5 0.3
 Viet Nam 73.7 69.6 78.1 8.5 2.3 65.3 62.4 68.3 5.9 2.0 19.6 16.9 22.0 5.1 0.7 14.8 12.9 16.4 3.5 0.5
 Georgia 73.3 68.8 77.8 9.0 3.9 64.7 61.4 67.9 6.5 2.8 18.8 16.0 21.0 5.0 1.8 14.4 12.4 16.1 3.7 1.0
 Moldova 73.3 69.3 77.1 7.8 6.4 64.5 61.9 67.1 5.2 5.2 19.0 16.6 20.9 4.3 3.2 14.6 12.8 16.0 3.2 2.5
 Seychelles 73.3 70.0 77.1 7.1 1.4 64.0 61.9 66.4 4.5 0.9 19.5 17.5 21.5 4.0 0.5 14.1 12.7 15.4 2.7 0.2
World 73.3 70.8 75.9 5.1 6.5 63.7 62.5 64.9 2.4 5.4 21.1 19.5 22.7 3.2 2.3 15.8 14.8 16.6 1.8 1.7
 Bahamas 73.2 69.9 76.6 6.7 2.3 64.4 62.3 66.5 4.2 1.7 20.8 19.1 22.4 3.3 0.9 16.2 14.9 17.3 2.4 0.6
 Russia 73.2 68.2 78.0 9.8 7.9 64.2 60.7 67.5 6.8 6.9 19.9 16.8 22.2 5.4 3.5 15.0 12.8 16.7 3.9 2.7
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 73.2 71.3 75.3 4.0 2.6 64.0 62.9 65.1 2.2 1.8 20.9 20.2 21.6 1.4 2.4 15.9 15.4 16.4 1.0 1.6
 Bhutan 73.1 72.0 74.4 2.4 7.4 63.4 63.2 63.5 0.3 6.3 19.4 18.9 19.9 1.0 1.5 14.5 14.3 14.7 0.4 1.0
 Uzbekistan 73.0 70.8 75.2 4.4 7.7 64.7 63.5 65.8 2.3 6.6 18.6 17.3 19.8 2.5 2.6 14.5 13.7 15.3 1.6 1.9
 Ukraine 73.0 68.0 77.8 9.8 5.5 64.3 60.6 67.8 7.2 4.6 19.5 16.4 21.7 5.3 2.7 15.0 12.7 16.7 4.0 2.2
 Morocco 73.0 71.7 74.3 2.6 3.7 63.7 63.7 63.7 0.0 3.0 18.7 17.7 19.6 1.9 0.3 14.1 13.7 14.6 0.9 0.0
 Grenada 72.9 70.6 75.3 4.7 0.9 63.9 62.6 65.4 2.8 0.3 18.7 17.2 20.3 3.1 0.8 14.3 13.1 15.6 2.5 0.4
 Dominican Republic 72.8 69.8 76.2 6.4 −0.4 64.0 62.1 66.1 4.0 −0.1 20.6 19.0 22.4 3.4 −1.8 16.0 14.8 17.2 2.4 −1.3
 Syria 72.7 71.2 74.3 3.1 1.2 62.9 62.5 63.3 0.8 0.1 18.7 18.2 19.3 1.1 1.1 13.9 13.8 14.2 0.4 0.5
 North Korea 72.6 69.3 75.7 6.4 8.6 65.0 63.3 66.6 3.3 7.2 19.1 16.8 20.8 4.0 3.6 14.9 13.6 15.8 2.2 2.6
 Tonga 72.6 69.8 75.6 5.8 1.7 64.0 62.7 65.5 2.8 1.1 19.0 17.0 21.2 4.2 1.0 14.5 13.3 15.7 2.4 0.7
 Iraq 72.4 69.9 75.0 5.1 3.6 62.7 61.6 63.7 2.1 3.2 19.2 17.6 20.7 3.1 0.9 14.2 13.3 15.0 1.7 0.7
 Bolivia 72.1 71.1 73.1 2.0 6.1 63.3 63.2 63.3 0.1 5.4 18.6 18.0 19.1 1.1 0.8 14.2 14.0 14.4 0.4 0.6
 Guatemala 72.0 69.0 75.0 6.0 5.2 62.3 60.5 64.1 3.6 4.5 20.5 19.4 21.4 2.0 1.4 15.0 14.4 15.5 1.1 0.9
 Honduras 71.9 70.7 73.2 2.5 1.9 63.0 62.7 63.3 0.6 1.8 18.3 17.5 19.1 1.6 −1.3 13.8 13.4 14.2 0.8 −0.9
 Egypt 71.8 69.6 74.1 4.5 2.0 63.0 62.3 63.7 1.4 1.8 17.8 16.5 19.1 2.6 −0.7 13.4 12.7 14.0 1.3 −0.5
 Suriname 71.5 68.5 74.6 6.1 1.6 62.4 60.7 64.2 3.5 1.1 18.5 16.4 20.5 4.1 −0.4 14.1 12.6 15.4 2.8 −0.4
 Azerbaijan 71.4 68.8 74.1 5.3 5.9 63.6 62.1 65.2 3.1 5.1 17.1 15.6 18.3 2.7 0.5 13.4 12.4 14.2 1.8 0.3
 Indonesia 71.3 69.4 73.3 3.9 4.1 62.8 61.9 63.8 1.9 3.8 17.9 16.7 19.1 2.4 0.3 13.4 12.7 14.0 1.3 0.4
 Nepal 70.9 68.9 72.7 3.8 5.6 61.3 60.6 62.1 1.5 5.0 18.0 16.8 19.2 2.4 0.4 13.3 12.7 13.8 1.1 0.5
 India 70.8 69.5 72.2 2.7 8.7 60.3 60.3 60.4 0.1 7.4 18.8 18.1 19.5 1.4 2.7 13.2 13.0 13.5 0.5 1.9
 Samoa 70.5 69.2 71.8 2.6 2.0 62.1 61.8 62.5 0.7 1.4 17.9 17.4 18.3 0.9 0.8 13.4 13.3 13.5 0.2 0.5
 Philippines 70.4 67.4 73.6 6.2 1.4 62.0 60.1 63.9 3.8 1.4 17.8 15.8 19.6 3.8 0.2 13.4 12.1 14.6 2.5 0.1
 Sao Tome and Principe 70.4 68.8 72.0 3.2 6.9 61.6 60.9 62.2 1.3 6.0 17.7 16.7 18.6 1.9 0.6 13.1 12.6 13.7 1.1 0.5
 Cambodia 70.1 67.2 72.7 5.5 11.4 61.5 59.8 63.0 3.2 10.1 17.7 15.9 19.1 3.2 1.9 13.2 12.0 14.1 2.1 1.4
 Turkmenistan 69.7 66.5 73.0 6.5 6.4 62.1 59.9 64.3 4.4 5.5 18.7 17.1 20.1 3.0 2.4 14.7 13.6 15.6 2.0 1.8
 Timor-Leste 69.6 67.9 71.4 3.5 6.9 60.9 59.8 62.0 2.2 7.8 17.9 16.9 18.9 2.0 0.0 13.2 12.5 13.8 1.3 0.7
 Tajikistan 69.5 67.6 71.5 3.9 3.9 62.0 60.9 63.2 2.3 3.7 16.1 15.1 17.2 2.1 −1.1 12.7 12.1 13.4 1.3 −0.9
 Myanmar 69.1 65.9 72.2 6.3 9.1 60.9 58.8 62.8 4.0 8.0 18.1 16.2 19.6 3.4 2.7 13.6 12.4 14.6 2.2 1.9
 Rwanda 69.1 66.9 71.2 4.3 21.6 60.2 59.0 61.4 2.4 19.0 18.0 16.6 19.2 2.6 4.6 13.6 12.7 14.4 1.7 3.6
 Sudan 69.1 67.6 70.8 3.2 6.6 59.9 59.6 60.3 0.7 5.6 18.6 17.8 19.4 1.6 1.3 13.6 13.3 14.0 0.7 1.0
 Ethiopia 68.7 66.9 70.5 3.6 18.1 59.9 59.0 60.8 1.8 15.6 18.4 17.4 19.4 2.0 4.3 13.9 13.3 14.4 1.1 3.3
 Senegal 68.6 66.8 70.1 3.3 10.0 59.4 58.8 59.9 1.1 8.6 18.1 17.2 18.9 1.7 1.5 13.1 12.6 13.5 0.9 1.1
 Laos 68.5 66.2 70.9 4.7 10.1 60.5 59.2 61.9 2.7 8.7 17.6 16.3 18.9 2.6 2.3 13.3 12.5 14.0 1.5 1.7
 Mauritania 68.4 68.1 68.7 0.6 6.4 59.8 60.2 59.4 −0.8 5.4 19.0 19.1 18.9 −0.2 1.9 14.3 14.6 14.1 −0.5 1.5
 Mongolia 68.1 63.8 72.8 9.0 7.6 60.3 57.1 63.8 6.7 6.5 16.4 14.2 18.5 4.3 3.0 12.6 11.0 14.2 3.2 2.3
 Fiji 68.0 65.9 70.3 4.4 2.1 59.6 58.5 60.7 2.2 1.5 16.2 14.9 17.5 2.6 1.5 11.8 11.1 12.6 1.5 0.9
 Comoros 67.4 65.9 68.9 3.0 5.9 58.9 58.3 59.6 1.3 5.1 18.1 17.4 18.8 1.4 1.8 13.7 13.2 14.1 0.9 1.4
 Tanzania 67.3 65.4 69.3 3.9 14.8 58.5 57.6 59.3 1.7 13.1 18.2 17.1 19.1 2.0 2.2 13.4 12.7 13.9 1.2 1.7
 Uganda 66.7 63.2 70.1 6.9 17.9 58.2 56.0 60.4 4.4 15.7 17.7 15.7 19.4 3.7 3.0 13.4 12.0 14.6 2.6 2.3
 Yemen 66.6 64.4 68.9 4.5 3.9 57.5 56.9 58.2 1.3 3.0 17.8 16.8 18.7 1.9 1.0 13.3 12.8 13.7 0.9 0.7
 Gabon 66.5 63.6 69.7 6.1 8.4 57.6 56.0 59.3 3.3 7.1 17.2 15.2 19.3 4.1 2.0 12.8 11.4 14.2 2.8 1.5
 Ghana 66.3 63.7 69.2 5.5 7.1 58.0 56.5 59.6 3.1 6.1 17.2 15.7 18.9 3.2 1.2 12.9 11.9 14.0 2.1 0.9
 Kenya 66.1 63.7 68.4 4.7 12.2 57.7 56.4 58.9 2.5 10.8 17.6 16.0 19.1 3.1 1.3 13.1 11.9 14.0 2.1 1.3
 Djibouti 65.8 64.1 67.8 3.7 6.0 58.0 57.2 58.9 1.7 5.3 17.8 16.6 19.0 2.4 1.5 13.6 12.9 14.4 1.5 1.1
 Guyana 65.7 62.5 69.4 6.9 2.7 57.2 55.1 59.7 4.6 2.2 16.6 15.1 18.1 3.0 0.7 12.5 11.5 13.6 2.1 0.4
 Malawi 65.6 62.3 68.9 6.6 20.9 57.1 55.1 59.0 3.9 18.0 17.2 15.1 19.0 3.9 3.2 12.8 11.3 14.0 2.7 2.5
 Pakistan 65.6 64.6 66.7 2.1 5.5 56.9 56.9 56.8 −0.1 4.6 17.3 16.8 17.8 1.0 1.6 12.6 12.5 12.6 0.1 1.1
 Gambia 65.5 63.4 67.7 4.3 6.3 57.0 56.4 57.7 1.3 5.3 16.9 15.8 18.0 2.2 0.7 12.6 12.1 13.2 1.1 0.4
 Vanuatu 65.3 62.7 68.3 5.6 1.4 57.8 56.4 59.4 3.0 1.0 15.7 14.8 16.7 1.9 0.7 11.9 11.5 12.4 0.9 0.4
 Madagascar 65.3 64.1 66.6 2.5 6.5 57.3 56.9 57.7 0.8 6.0 16.8 16.1 17.3 1.2 1.4 12.6 12.3 12.9 0.6 1.1
 Papua New Guinea 65.3 63.4 67.4 4.0 2.0 57.1 56.2 58.1 1.9 1.8 16.5 15.4 17.6 2.2 0.1 12.3 11.7 12.8 1.1 0.1
 South Africa 65.3 62.2 68.3 6.1 9.5 56.2 54.6 57.7 3.1 7.7 19.1 17.3 20.5 3.2 2.9 13.9 12.7 14.8 2.1 2.0
 Solomon Islands 65.2 62.9 67.9 5.0 2.7 57.8 56.5 59.1 2.6 2.1 15.5 14.7 16.3 1.6 1.1 11.8 11.4 12.2 0.8 0.7
 Congo, Republic of 64.7 63.8 65.6 1.8 12.6 56.2 56.4 56.1 −0.3 10.8 16.4 15.7 17.1 1.4 2.5 12.2 11.9 12.5 0.6 1.9
 Namibia 64.6 60.6 68.4 7.8 11.3 56.1 53.4 58.6 5.2 9.5 17.2 14.7 19.3 4.6 2.6 12.7 10.8 14.2 3.4 1.9
 Togo 64.3 61.5 67.2 5.7 8.4 56.2 54.7 57.8 3.1 7.3 17.0 15.4 18.6 3.2 1.3 12.8 11.8 13.8 2.0 1.1
 Haiti 64.1 63.3 64.8 1.5 7.1 55.8 55.9 55.8 −0.1 5.8 16.8 16.5 17.0 0.5 1.0 12.8 12.7 12.9 0.2 0.7
 Eritrea 64.1 61.3 67.1 5.8 9.6 55.7 53.9 57.7 3.8 8.7 15.5 14.1 16.8 2.7 2.0 11.4 10.4 12.4 2.0 1.5
 Liberia 64.1 63.2 65.0 1.8 10.3 54.9 54.9 55.0 0.1 9.1 17.7 17.4 18.0 0.6 1.9 12.9 12.8 12.9 0.1 1.5
 Burundi 63.8 61.5 66.1 4.6 20.0 55.6 54.0 57.2 3.2 17.5 16.5 15.2 17.6 2.4 3.5 12.7 11.8 13.5 1.7 2.8
 Benin 63.4 61.2 65.7 4.5 6.8 55.5 54.5 56.6 2.1 5.9 17.4 16.1 18.5 2.4 1.3 13.0 12.3 13.7 1.4 0.9
 Niger 63.3 62.1 64.6 2.5 12.9 55.5 55.3 55.8 0.5 11.3 17.2 16.6 17.8 1.2 1.4 13.0 12.7 13.3 0.6 1.0
 Afghanistan 63.2 63.3 63.2 −0.1 8.2 53.9 54.7 53.2 −1.5 7.1 15.2 15.4 15.1 −0.3 1.3 10.8 11.2 10.6 −0.6 0.6
 Angola 63.1 60.7 65.5 4.8 13.8 54.8 53.6 56.2 2.6 11.9 17.0 15.4 18.6 3.2 2.6 12.6 11.6 13.7 2.1 1.9
 Federated States of Micronesia 63.0 60.3 66.0 5.7 1.8 56.0 54.4 57.8 3.4 1.5 14.7 13.8 15.6 1.8 0.1 11.1 10.7 11.6 0.9 −0.1
 Côte d'Ivoire 62.9 60.5 65.8 5.3 12.6 54.8 53.4 56.5 3.1 10.8 17.1 15.8 18.7 2.9 2.6 12.7 11.9 13.7 1.8 2.0
 Mali 62.8 62.2 63.4 1.2 10.2 54.6 54.8 54.5 −0.3 9.0 17.5 17.3 17.6 0.3 1.5 12.8 12.9 12.7 −0.2 1.1
 South Sudan 62.8 60.8 64.8 4.0 8.7 53.7 52.9 54.5 1.6 7.3 17.8 16.6 18.9 2.3 1.5 12.7 12.2 13.1 0.9 1.1
 Burkina Faso 62.7 60.1 65.2 5.1 11.1 54.9 53.4 56.3 2.9 10.0 16.8 15.2 18.1 2.9 1.3 12.6 11.6 13.4 1.8 1.1
 Nigeria 62.6 61.2 64.1 2.9 9.0 54.4 53.9 54.9 1.0 7.9 18.2 17.6 18.9 1.3 2.0 13.5 13.3 13.8 0.5 1.5
 Zambia 62.5 59.5 65.4 5.9 18.0 54.4 52.5 56.3 3.8 15.4 16.5 14.7 18.0 3.3 3.3 12.6 11.3 13.7 2.4 2.6
 Cameroon 62.4 60.3 64.5 4.2 9.6 54.5 53.5 55.6 2.1 8.4 17.1 15.8 18.3 2.5 2.0 12.8 12.0 13.5 1.5 1.7
 Congo, Democratic Republic of 62.4 60.0 64.8 4.8 10.0 54.1 52.8 55.4 2.6 8.8 16.6 15.4 17.9 2.5 1.7 12.5 11.7 13.4 1.7 1.3
 Equatorial Guinea 62.2 60.9 63.6 2.7 7.9 53.9 53.4 54.1 0.7 7.1 17.6 16.5 18.8 2.3 2.1 12.9 12.3 13.6 1.3 1.7
 Botswana 62.2 58.9 65.5 6.6 16.6 53.9 51.9 55.8 3.9 13.8 16.2 14.2 18.0 3.8 3.3 11.8 10.3 13.1 2.8 2.4
 Guinea 61.0 59.5 62.3 2.8 6.7 53.3 52.9 53.7 0.8 5.8 16.5 15.6 17.2 1.6 0.8 12.3 11.8 12.6 0.8 0.6
 Sierra Leone 60.8 59.6 61.9 2.3 12.1 52.9 52.5 53.3 0.8 10.7 17.0 16.4 17.4 1.0 1.6 12.6 12.4 12.8 0.4 1.3
 Zimbabwe 60.7 57.5 63.6 6.1 14.1 53.1 51.2 54.8 3.6 12.1 15.6 13.6 17.0 3.4 1.2 11.5 10.2 12.4 2.2 0.9
 Guinea-Bissau 60.2 57.4 63.0 5.6 9.9 52.6 51.1 54.1 3.0 8.6 15.5 13.9 16.7 2.8 1.7 11.4 10.5 12.1 1.6 1.3
 Chad 59.6 58.0 61.3 3.3 8.5 52.0 51.3 52.8 1.5 7.3 16.5 15.7 17.3 1.6 1.6 12.3 11.8 12.7 0.9 1.2
 Kiribati 59.4 56.1 62.8 6.7 3.7 52.6 50.5 54.9 4.4 3.0 13.7 12.5 14.6 2.1 1.1 10.3 9.5 11.0 1.5 0.7
 Mozambique 58.1 54.5 61.7 7.2 7.4 50.4 47.9 52.8 4.9 6.8 15.8 13.3 17.8 4.5 0.6 11.6 9.8 13.0 3.2 0.6
 Eswatini 57.7 53.4 63.2 9.8 10.7 50.1 47.1 53.8 6.7 8.8 15.1 12.4 17.7 5.3 1.5 11.0 9.0 12.9 3.9 1.1
 Somalia 56.5 54.0 59.2 5.2 6.6 49.7 48.3 51.3 3.0 5.7 14.5 13.2 16.0 2.8 1.4 11.2 10.3 12.2 1.9 1.1
 Central African Republic 53.1 50.2 56.3 6.1 8.8 46.4 44.5 48.4 3.9 7.7 13.2 11.3 14.9 3.6 1.4 10.0 8.6 11.1 2.5 1.1
 Lesotho 50.7 47.7 54.2 6.5 2.9 44.2 42.3 46.4 4.1 2.2 13.4 11.2 15.2 4.0 −0.5 9.8 8.3 11.0 2.7 −0.5

CIA World Factbook (2024)

The US CIA published the following life expectancy data in its World Factbook.[10]

CIA World Factbook (2024). All, male, female, and sex gap.
Country All M F Sex gap
 Monaco 89.8 86.0 93.7 7.7
 Singapore 86.7 84.0 89.5 5.5
 Macau 85.3 82.5 88.3 5.8
 Japan 85.2 82.3 88.2 5.9
 Canada 84.2 81.9 86.6 4.7
 San Marino 84.2 81.7 87.0 5.3
 Hong Kong 84.0 81.3 86.8 5.5
 Iceland 84.0 81.8 86.3 4.5
 Switzerland 83.9 82.0 85.8 3.8
 Andorra 83.8 81.6 86.2 4.6
 Guernsey 83.6 80.9 86.4 5.5
 Malta 83.6 81.5 85.8 4.3
 Australia 83.5 81.3 85.7 4.4
 Korea, South 83.4 80.3 86.6 6.3
 Luxembourg 83.4 80.9 85.9 5.0
 Israel 83.1 81.1 85.1 4.0
 Italy 83.0 80.7 85.5 4.8
 Jersey 83.0 80.6 85.7 5.1
 Liechtenstein 83.0 80.7 85.8 5.1
 Spain 83.0 80.3 85.8 5.5
 New Zealand 82.9 81.2 84.8 3.6
 Norway 82.9 81.3 84.6 3.3
 Sweden 82.9 81.2 84.7 3.5
 Austria 82.7 80.1 85.4 5.3
 Anguilla 82.6 80.0 85.3 5.3
 France 82.6 79.8 85.5 5.7
 Bermuda 82.5 79.4 85.7 6.3
 Cayman Islands 82.5 79.8 85.2 5.4
 Isle of Man 82.5 80.7 84.4 3.7
 Belgium 82.3 79.7 85.0 5.3
 Finland 82.2 79.3 85.2 5.9
 Slovenia 82.2 79.4 85.2 5.8
 United Kingdom 82.2 80.1 84.4 4.3
 Denmark 82.1 80.2 84.1 3.9
 Puerto Rico 82.1 78.9 85.5 6.6
 Ireland 82.0 80.3 83.9 3.6
 Germany 81.9 79.6 84.4 4.8
 Greece 81.9 79.4 84.6 5.2
 Netherlands 81.9 80.3 83.5 3.2
 Portugal 81.9 78.8 85.2 6.4
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon 81.8 79.5 84.3 4.8
 Faroe Islands 81.7 79.2 84.4 5.2
 Taiwan 81.6 78.6 84.7 6.1
 Turks and Caicos Islands 81.3 78.5 84.1 5.6
 Wallis and Futuna 81.1 78.2 84.2 6.0
 Saint Barthelemy 81.0 78.0 84.2 6.2
 Saint Martin 81.0 78.0 84.2 6.2
 Gibraltar 80.9 78.1 83.8 5.7
 Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha 80.9 78.1 83.9 5.8
 United States 80.9 78.7 83.1 4.4
 Virgin Islands, U.S. 80.7 77.6 84.1 6.5
 Bahrain 80.4 78.1 82.7 4.6
 Chile 80.3 77.3 83.3 6.0
 Costa Rica 80.3 77.7 82.9 5.2
 Qatar 80.3 78.2 82.4 4.2
 Cyprus 80.2 77.4 83.1 5.7
 Cuba 80.1 77.8 82.6 4.8
 Virgin Islands, British 80.1 78.6 81.7 3.1
 Albania 79.9 77.3 82.8 5.5
 Curaçao 79.9 77.6 82.3 4.7
 United Arab Emirates 79.9 78.6 81.4 2.8
 Sint Maarten 79.7 77.4 82.2 4.8
 Kuwait 79.6 78.1 81.1 3.0
 Saint Lucia 79.4 76.7 82.3 5.6
 New Caledonia 79.3 75.4 83.3 7.9
 Lebanon 79.2 77.8 80.7 2.9
 Panama 79.2 76.4 82.2 5.8
 Barbados 79.0 76.3 81.8 5.5
 Brunei 78.9 76.5 81.3 4.8
 French Polynesia 78.9 76.6 81.3 4.7
 Uruguay 78.9 75.8 82.1 6.3
 Argentina 78.8 75.8 82.0 6.2
 Paraguay 78.8 76.2 81.6 5.4
 China 78.7 76.0 81.7 5.7
 Dominica 78.7 75.8 81.8 6.0
 Czechia 78.6 75.6 81.8 6.2
 Aruba 78.5 75.4 81.6 6.2
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 78.5 75.5 81.6 6.1
 Estonia 78.4 73.8 83.2 9.4
 Antigua and Barbuda 78.3 76.1 80.5 4.4
 Montenegro 78.2 75.8 80.7 4.9
 Thailand 78.2 75.2 81.3 6.1
 Guam 78.0 75.6 80.5 4.9
 Tonga 78.0 76.4 79.7 3.3
 Algeria 77.9 77.2 78.7 1.5
 Croatia 77.7 74.6 81.0 6.4
 Libya 77.7 75.5 80.0 4.5
 Cook Islands 77.6 74.8 80.6 5.8
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 77.6 75.2 80.1 4.9
 Maldives 77.4 75.1 79.9 4.8
 Oman 77.4 75.5 79.4 3.9
 North Macedonia 77.3 75.3 79.6 4.3
 Tunisia 77.3 75.7 79.1 3.4
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 77.2 75.2 79.3 4.1
 Saudi Arabia 77.2 75.6 78.8 3.2
 Slovakia 77.2 73.7 81.0 7.3
 Solomon Islands 77.2 74.6 80.0 5.4
 Northern Mariana Islands 77.1 75.0 79.5 4.5
 Romania 76.9 73.4 80.5 7.1
 Sri Lanka 76.8 73.7 79.9 6.2
 Armenia 76.7 73.4 80.1 6.7
 Bahamas, The 76.7 75.1 78.4 3.3
 Poland 76.7 72.8 80.9 8.1
 Turkey 76.7 74.4 79.2 4.8
 Malaysia 76.6 75.0 78.4 3.4
 Seychelles 76.6 72.2 81.1 8.9
 Jordan 76.5 75.0 78.1 3.1
 Trinidad and Tobago 76.5 74.6 78.4 3.8
 West Bank 76.5 74.4 78.8 4.4
 Latvia 76.4 72.0 81.0 9.0
 Brazil 76.3 72.6 80.1 7.5
 Grenada 76.3 73.7 79.1 5.4
 Jamaica 76.3 74.5 78.1 3.6
 Uzbekistan 76.2 73.6 79.0 5.4
 Bulgaria 76.1 72.9 79.4 6.5
 Lithuania 76.1 70.8 81.7 10.9
 Montserrat 76.1 76.9 75.3 -1.6
 Vietnam 76.1 73.5 78.9 5.4
 Hungary 76.0 72.9 79.3 6.4
 Azerbaijan 75.9 73.5 78.6 5.1
 El Salvador 75.9 72.4 79.5 7.1
 American Samoa 75.8 73.4 78.5 5.1
 Samoa 75.7 72.8 78.7 5.9
 Vanuatu 75.7 74.0 77.4 3.4
 Iran 75.6 74.3 77.1 2.8
 Gaza Strip 75.5 73.7 77.4 3.7
 Mauritius 75.4 72.6 78.4 5.8
 Serbia 75.3 72.7 78.1 5.4
 Bangladesh 75.2 73.1 77.5 4.4
 Marshall Islands 75.2 73.0 77.5 4.5
 Palau 75.2 72.0 78.5 6.5
 Egypt 75.0 73.8 76.2 2.4
 Micronesia, Federated States of 75.0 72.9 77.2 4.3
 Colombia 74.9 71.3 78.7 7.4
 Ecuador 74.9 69.7 80.4 10.7
 Fiji 74.8 72.2 77.6 5.4
 Syria 74.8 73.4 76.4 3.0
 Belarus 74.7 69.8 80.0 10.2
 Nicaragua 74.7 73.2 76.4 3.2
 Mexico 74.6 71.6 77.7 6.1
 Greenland 74.5 71.8 77.3 5.5
 Venezuela 74.5 71.5 77.7 6.2
 Belize 74.3 72.6 76.1 3.5
 Cabo Verde 74.3 72.0 76.7 4.7
 Morocco 74.2 72.5 76.0 3.5
 Bhutan 73.7 72.5 75.0 2.5
 Iraq 73.7 71.9 75.7 3.8
 Indonesia 73.6 71.3 76.0 4.7
 Guatemala 73.5 71.5 75.6 4.1
 Korea, North 73.5 70.2 77.0 6.8
 Kazakhstan 73.3 69.0 77.9 8.9
 Honduras 73.1 69.6 76.8 7.2
 Kosovo 73.1 71.0 75.5 4.5
 Malawi 73.0 69.9 76.1 6.2
 Nepal 73.0 72.2 73.7 1.5
 Congo (Brazzaville) 72.9 71.5 74.3 2.8
 Kyrgyzstan 72.9 68.9 77.2 8.3
 Georgia 72.8 68.7 77.2 8.5
 Suriname 72.7 69.0 76.7 7.7
 Dominican Republic 72.6 71.0 74.3 3.3
 Bolivia 72.5 71.0 74.0 3.0
 Guyana 72.4 70.6 74.3 3.7
 Turkmenistan 72.4 69.4 75.5 6.1
 Russia 72.3 67.4 77.4 10.0
 Togo 72.1 69.5 74.7 5.2
 Mongolia 71.9 67.8 76.3 8.5
 South Africa 71.9 70.3 73.5 3.2
 Tajikistan 71.9 70.1 73.8 3.7
 Cambodia 71.4 69.6 73.3 3.7
 Philippines 70.8 67.3 74.5 7.2
 Tanzania 70.8 69.0 72.6 3.6
 Senegal 70.6 68.8 72.4 3.6
 Timor-Leste 70.5 68.9 72.3 3.4
 Ukraine 70.5 65.4 75.8 10.4
 Gabon 70.4 68.6 72.1 3.5
 Kenya 70.4 68.6 72.2 3.6
 Burma 70.3 68.5 72.1 3.6
 Pakistan 70.3 68.2 72.5 4.3
 Ghana 70.1 68.4 71.8 3.4
 Moldova 70.1 66.1 74.4 8.3
 Papua New Guinea 70.1 68.3 71.9 3.6
 Uganda 69.7 67.5 72.0 4.5
 Laos 69.0 67.4 70.7 3.3
 Tuvalu 69.0 66.5 71.6 5.1
 Peru 68.9 65.4 72.7 7.3
 Madagascar 68.8 67.3 70.3 3.0
 Nauru 68.6 65.0 72.3 7.3
 Kiribati 68.5 65.9 71.3 5.4
 Gambia, The 68.4 66.7 70.1 3.4
 India 68.2 66.5 70.1 3.6
 Yemen 68.2 65.8 70.6 4.8
 Burundi 68.1 66.0 70.3 4.3
 Comoros 67.8 65.5 70.2 4.7
 Sudan 67.8 65.5 70.2 4.7
 Ethiopia 67.7 65.4 70.0 4.6
 Sao Tome and Principe 67.7 66.0 69.4 3.4
 Eritrea 67.5 64.9 70.2 5.3
 Zimbabwe 67.2 65.6 68.8 3.2
 Zambia 66.9 65.2 68.7 3.5
 Rwanda 66.6 64.6 68.6 4.0
 Botswana 66.4 64.4 68.6 4.2
 Djibouti 65.9 63.4 68.5 5.1
 Mauritania 65.9 63.4 68.5 5.1
 Namibia 65.9 64.2 67.6 3.4
 Haiti 65.6 63.8 67.4 3.6
 Guinea 64.6 62.7 66.6 3.9
 Guinea-Bissau 64.5 62.2 66.8 4.6
 Burkina Faso 64.2 62.3 66.1 3.8
 Cameroon 64.2 62.3 66.1 3.8
 Equatorial Guinea 63.9 61.6 66.2 4.6
 Côte d’Ivoire 63.2 60.9 65.4 4.5
 Mali 63.2 60.9 65.6 4.7
 Benin 63.0 61.1 65.0 3.9
 Angola 62.9 60.8 65.1 4.3
 Congo (Kinshasa) 62.6 60.7 64.6 3.9
 Nigeria 62.2 60.4 64.2 3.8
 Liberia 61.6 59.9 63.3 3.4
 Niger 60.9 59.3 62.5 3.2
 Eswatini 60.7 58.7 62.8 4.1
 South Sudan 60.3 58.4 62.2 3.8
 Lesotho 60.2 58.1 62.3 4.2
 Chad 60.0 58.1 62.0 3.9
 Sierra Leone 59.4 57.8 61.0 3.2
 Mozambique 58.3 57.1 59.6 2.5
 Somalia 56.5 54.1 59.0 4.9
 Central African Republic 56.4 55.1 57.7 2.6
 Afghanistan 54.4 52.8 56.1 3.3
 World (2020) 70.50 68.40 72.60 4.20
 European Union (2021) 77.63 72.98 82.51 9.53

OECD (2022)

Life expectancy estimates in the OECD for 2022.[11] By default, the list is sorted by 2019.

OECD (2022)
Country 2022
overall
2022
male
2022
female
2022
FΔM
2019 2019
→2020
2020 2020
→2021
2021 2021
→2022
2022 2019
→2022
 Japan 84.4 0.2 84.6 −0.1 84.5
 Switzerland 83.5 81.6 85.4 3.8 84.0 −0.9 83.1 0.8 83.9 −0.4 83.5 −0.5
 Spain 83.2 80.4 85.9 5.5 84.0 −1.6 82.4 0.9 83.3 −0.1 83.2 −0.8
 Italy 83.0 80.9 85.0 4.1 83.6 −1.3 82.3 0.4 82.7 0.3 83.0 −0.6
 South Korea 83.3 0.2 83.5 0.1 83.6
 Iceland 82.1 81.0 83.4 2.4 83.2 −0.1 83.1 0.1 83.2 −1.1 82.1 −1.1
 Sweden 83.1 81.5 84.8 3.3 83.2 −0.8 82.4 0.7 83.1 0.0 83.1 −0.1
 Norway 82.6 81.0 84.2 3.2 83.0 0.3 83.3 −0.1 83.2 −0.6 82.6 −0.4
 France 82.3 79.4 85.2 5.8 83.0 −0.7 82.3 0.1 82.4 −0.1 82.3 −0.7
 Australia 82.9 0.3 83.2 0.1 83.3
 Israel 82.9 80.9 84.9 4.0 82.9 −0.2 82.7 −0.1 82.6 0.3 82.9 0.0
 Ireland 82.8 −0.2 82.6 −0.2 82.4
 Luxembourg 83.0 80.9 85.3 4.4 82.7 −0.5 82.2 0.5 82.7 0.3 83.0 0.3
 Canada 82.3 −0.6 81.7 −0.1 81.6
 Netherlands 81.7 80.3 83.2 2.9 82.2 −0.8 81.4 0.0 81.4 0.3 81.7 −0.5
 New Zealand 82.1 0.2 82.3 0.0 82.3
 Finland 81.2 78.7 83.8 5.1 82.1 −0.1 82.0 −0.1 81.9 −0.7 81.2 −0.9
 Belgium 81.8 79.6 83.9 4.3 82.1 −1.3 80.8 1.1 81.9 −0.1 81.8 −0.3
 Austria 81.1 78.8 83.5 4.7 82.0 −0.7 81.3 0.0 81.3 −0.2 81.1 −0.9
 Portugal 81.7 78.8 84.5 5.7 81.9 −0.8 81.1 0.4 81.5 0.2 81.7 −0.2
 Greece 80.7 78.1 83.3 5.2 81.7 −0.3 81.4 −1.2 80.2 0.5 80.7 −1.0
 Slovenia 81.3 78.6 84.1 5.5 81.6 −1.0 80.6 0.1 80.7 0.6 81.3 −0.3
 Denmark 81.3 79.5 83.2 3.7 81.5 0.1 81.6 −0.1 81.5 −0.2 81.3 −0.2
 United Kingdom 81.4 −1.0 80.4
 Germany 80.7 81.3 −0.2 81.1 −0.3 80.8 −0.1 80.7 −0.6
 Chile 81.2 78.5 84.0 5.5 80.6 0.2 80.8 0.2 81.0 0.2 81.2 0.6
 Costa Rica 80.9 78.3 83.5 5.2 80.5 0.1 80.6 0.2 80.8 0.1 80.9 0.4
 Czechia 79.1 76.2 82.0 5.8 79.3 −1.0 78.3 −1.1 77.2 1.9 79.1 −0.2
 Estonia 78.2 73.7 82.4 8.7 79.0 −0.1 78.9 −1.7 77.2 1.0 78.2 −0.8
 USA 78.8 −1.8 77.0 −0.6 76.4
 Croatia 77.7 74.6 80.8 6.2 78.6 −0.8 77.8 −1.1 76.7 1.0 77.7 −0.9
 Turkey 78.6
 Poland 77.4 73.5 81.3 7.8 78.0 −1.5 76.5 −1.0 75.5 1.9 77.4 −0.6
 Slovakia 77.2 73.7 80.6 6.9 77.8 −0.8 77.0 −2.4 74.6 2.6 77.2 −0.6
 China 78.2 75.5 81.2 5.7 77.7 0.3 78.0 0.1 78.1 0.1 78.2 0.5
 Argentina 75.4 72.2 78.6 6.4 77.0 0.3 77.3 −1.4 75.9 −0.5 75.4 −1.6
 Colombia 76.9 73.8 80.1 6.3 76.6 0.1 76.7 0.1 76.8 0.1 76.9 0.3
 Hungary 76.2 72.7 79.5 6.8 76.5 −0.8 75.7 −1.4 74.3 1.9 76.2 −0.3
 Lithuania 76.0 71.5 80.3 8.8 76.5 −1.4 75.1 −0.9 74.2 1.8 76.0 −0.5
 Peru 72.4 70.1 74.7 4.6 76.0 0.2 76.2 −2.5 73.7 −1.3 72.4 −3.6
 Latvia 74.8 69.8 79.6 9.8 75.7 −0.2 75.5 −2.4 73.1 1.7 74.8 −0.9
 Romania 75.3 71.5 79.3 7.8 75.6 −1.4 74.2 −1.4 72.8 2.5 75.3 −0.3
 Brazil 72.8 69.6 76.0 6.4 75.1 0.2 75.3 −1.3 74.0 −1.2 72.8 −2.3
 Mexico 75.1 0.1 75.2 0.2 75.4
 Bulgaria 74.3 70.8 78.1 7.3 75.1 −1.5 73.6 −2.2 71.4 2.9 74.3 −0.8
 Russia 73.2
 India 67.2 65.8 68.9 3.1 70.7 0.2 70.9 −0.7 70.2 −3.0 67.2 −3.5
 Indonesia 67.6 65.5 69.7 4.2 70.3 0.2 70.5 −1.7 68.8 −1.2 67.6 −2.7
 South Africa 62.3 59.5 65.0 5.5 65.7 0.5 66.2 −0.9 65.3 −3.0 62.3 −3.4

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "World Population Prospects 2024" (XLSX). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 27 July 2024. — see file "Compact (most used: estimates and medium projections)"
  2. ^ "Healthy life expectancy (HALE) at 60 (years)". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
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  4. ^ "Healthy Aging Report" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 January 2024. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
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  9. ^ "Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by WHO region". World Health Organization. 7 December 2022. Archived from the original on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  10. ^ "Life expectancy at birth - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 2 July 2025. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
  11. ^ "OECD Data: Life expectancy at birth". OECD. 17 December 2023. Archived from the original on 2 February 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  12. ^ a b "Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by country". World Health Organization. 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2024.