July 36
July 36 (or 36 July) is a non-existent date that refers to 5 August 2024, when then Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigned and fled the country amidst a mass uprising.[1][2][3]
Background
On 5 June 2024, the High Court Division of the Bangladesh Supreme Court reinstated the quota system in government jobs, and the quota reform movement began in Bangladesh. The movement turned deadly on 16 July. On 21 July, the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court overturned the High Court verdict and ruled in favor of quota reform, but the movement continued with nine-point demands calling the mass killing in the movement, what protesters called July massacre. On July 11, 2024, when dictator Hasina returned to the country after a failed mission in China, she called the anti-Quota movement students "Grandchildren of Rajakars", which angered the students of Dhaka University. Before that, the anti-quota movement had started earlier that month. One Bangladeshi senior bureaucrat named Md Shamsul Alam exiled in USA led the Bangladesh democratic movement using social media like Facebook and Twitter.
Based on the information from world's most influential intelligence agencies Alam declared that "the Hasina regime will fall by July 2024." He fixed the target to bring down the fascist by the month of July. There were fights in the streets, chaos, torture, and the killing of thousands of students by government forces and goons. But when the month of July ended, but Hasina regime did not fall, it suddenly occurred Alam to extend the length of July month. He wrote on Facebook - "July has been extended until victory - today is the 32nd, tomorrow is the 33rd... in this way, the calendar of liberation will end with victory!" [4][5]
Protesters also agreed they were "counting down the month of July until the demands are met", thus they counted 1 August as "32 July".[6][7] The Students Against Discrimination, which led the movement, called for the non-cooperation movement from 4 August (35 July) and announced their "Long March to Dhaka" programme on 5 August (36 July). On that day, Sheikh Hasina resigned in the face of a mass uprising and fled to India. The success of the movement was termed by the agitators as "Second Independence" or "Rebirth Day"[8][9] and the day as "36 July".[1][10]
That is, July month will not end until Hasina falls. This new theory of "not ending July until fall" given by Alam triggered the movement to cease the tyrant Hasina no later than July. They will not accept August or anything. When on 5th August the fall occurred, they count it 36 July in their movement calendar, and the month ends. Therefore, in Bangladesh Tyrant fall date is called “July 36”.[11]
Implication
This Extended July also increased the pressure on the freedom fighters no matter how many lives laid, and no matter what happens, Hasina must be brought down, and for that reason, the "March to Dhaka" program was shifted from August 6 to August 5. [12] On August 5, millions of people surrounded Ganabhaban (in his language, the Bastille) and according to that calendar fascist Hasina fall date was- "July 36".[13]
Recognition
On 2 July 2025, the interim government declared 5 August a public holiday named "July Mass Uprising Day".[14] The Directorate of Secondary and Higher Education (DSHE) instructed all DSHE-affiliated educational institutions to observe the day.[15]
Popular culture
Renowned personalities like Mostofa Sarwar Farooki, Akbar Ali and others spoke using the term 36 July.[16][6] 36 July was depicted in different ways on the countrywide murals and graffitis made by the students,[17][18][3] including a calendar of July month comprising 36 days at Jigatola, Dhaka.[19]
See also
References
- ^ a b আগস্টের ৫ তারিখ যেভাবে '৩৬ জুলাই' হলো. Desh Rupantor. 6 August 2024. Archived from the original on 13 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
- ^ প্রতিশোধের উন্মত্ততা: ‘চিরদিন কাহারো সমান নাহি যায়’. Prothom Alo. 10 August 2024. Archived from the original on 13 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
- ^ a b সিলেটে শিক্ষার্থীদের দেয়ালচিত্র. Prothom Alo. 10 August 2024. Archived from the original on 17 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
- ^ "Creation of 36 July". Facebook. 1 August 2024.
- ^ "৩৬ জুলাই বিশ্বরেকর্ডের ইতিহাস: সিনিয়র সচিব মো.শামসুল আলম". Daily Inqilab. 4 July 2025.
- ^ a b ‘নব্য রাজাকাররা কই পালাবে এবার?’. The Daily Ittefaq. 6 August 2024.
- ^ ‘অন্তর্বর্তিকালীন গণতান্ত্রিক সরকার চাই’! ছাত্র-জনতার স্লোগানে ‘নতুন বাংলাদেশ’ গড়ার ডাক জেলায় জেলায়. Anandabazar Patrika. 5 August 2024.
- ^ "The bloody rebirth of free Bangladesh: A hope for a better tomorrow". The Business Standard. 25 August 2024.
- ^ "36th July: The nation's rebirth". Dhaka Tribune. 26 August 2024.
- ^ কেমন আছে ওপার বাংলা? ‘৩৬ জুলাই’-এর পরদিন ফোনে HT বাংলা শুনল সাধারণের কণ্ঠস্বর. Hindustan Times. 6 August 2024. Archived from the original on 17 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
- ^ "৩৬ জুলাই: যেভাবে প্রতীকী ক্যালেন্ডার হয়ে উঠল জাতীয় প্রতিরোধের হাতিয়ার". channel_i (in Bengali). 4 July 2025.
- ^ "৩৬ জুলাই: যেভাবে প্রতীকী ক্যালেন্ডার হয়ে উঠল জাতীয় প্রতিরোধের হাতিয়ার". Jugantor (in Bengali). 4 July 2025.
- ^ "36 July". 4 July 2025.
- ^ "৫ আগস্ট জুলাই গণ অভ্যুত্থান দিবস, ১৬ জুলাই শহীদ দিবস". Bangladesh Pratidin (in Bengali). 3 July 2025.
- ^ "সব স্কুল-কলেজে জুলাই গণ-অভ্যুত্থান ও শহীদ দিবস পালনের নির্দেশ". Kaler Kantho (in Bengali). 3 July 2025.
- ^ ৩৬ জুলাই, স্বাধীন দেশে স্বাগতম!. Amader Shomoy. 5 August 2024.
- ^ গ্রাফিতিতে প্রতিবাদের ভাষা. Bangla Tribune. 10 August 2024. Archived from the original on 17 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
- ^ ঢাবির দেয়ালগুলো যেন গ্রাফিতির ‘গ্যালারি’. Bdnews24.com. 12 August 2024.
- ^ ঢাকার দেয়ালে রক্তাক্ত জুলাইয়ের ‘অন্যরকম’ ক্যালেন্ডার. Jugantor. 10 August 2024. Archived from the original on 13 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.