Hidayat (poet)

Amir Afsahaddin Hidayatullah Bey (Azerbaijani: Əmir Əfsəhəddin Hidayətullah bəy, امیر افساء الدین هدایت الله بیگ), better known by his pen name Hidayat (Hidayət, هدایت), was a 15th-century poet and statesman who served under the Aq Qoyunlus. His only surviving work is a divan (a collection of short poems) in Azerbaijani: the Divan of Hidayat (Chester Beatty Library, T 401).

Life

Most of what is known about Hidayat's life comes from his poetry.[2] It has been established that his real name was Afsahaddin Hidayatullah and that he lived in the second half of the 15th century.[2][3] He served as an amir under the Aq Qoyunlu ruler Uzun Hasan and was a Shia Muslim.[3][4] Hidayat resided in Shiraz with Aq Qoyunlu Sultan-Khalil until he ascended to the throne in 1478 and then accompanied him to Tabriz when he came into power. However, when Ya'qub Beg took over later that year, Hidayat was sent to Iraq against his wishes.[5] The precise date of his death is uncertain, but it is known that he passed away before December 1497.[2]

Poetry

The only known literary work attributed to him is his divan in Azerbaijani language, entitled Dīvān-i Hidāyat.[3][4] The majority of his poetry centred around themes of love and separation from a beloved.[6] Additionally, he composed verses about heroism and war.[7] His poetry is characterized by a fluid and simple language that dominates his work.[4] The Persian theologian Jalal al-Din Davani lauded his compositions and it is likely that he was regarded as a successful poet during his life.[3][4]

References

Citations

  1. ^ Robinson, Basil William (1993). Studies in Persian Art, Volume 1. Pindar Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-907132-43-1. Uzun Hasan had two sons, the elder of whom, Khalil, succeeded him. Khalil seems to have had a lively interest in fine books all his life, and one or two cases exist of volumes commissioned by him for his father. However, the only one surviving from his short reign is an exquisite little volume in the Chester Beatty Library (MS 401) containing a rare text in Azarbayjani Turkish of the Diwān of Hidayat. This contains four miniatures each depicting Khalil in some characteristic situation holding court in a garden, giving audience from his palace balcony, on a hawking expedition, and relaxing in a vinery. They are of superb execution, with typical Turkman figures, small, round-faced, and rather child-like, with turbans set high on their heads. But Khalil had been on the throne less than six months when he was attacked, defeated, and slain by the troops of his younger brother Yaqub Beg.
  2. ^ a b c Karahan 1980, p. 249.
  3. ^ a b c d Minorsky 1958, p. 1.
  4. ^ a b c d Sona 2014.
  5. ^ Korkmaz 1986, p. 120.
  6. ^ Korkmaz 1986, p. 122.
  7. ^ Karahan 1980, p. 254.

Sources

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