Heungnyemun
| Heungnyemun | |
|---|---|
The gate (2005) | |
| General information | |
| Coordinates | 37°34′37″N 126°58′37″E / 37.57694°N 126.97694°E |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 흥례문 |
| Hanja | 興禮門 |
| RR | Heungnyemun |
| MR | Hŭngnyemun |
Heungnyemun (Korean: 흥례문; Hanja: 興禮門) is a gate of the palace Gyeongbokgung in Seoul, South Korea.
History
Heungnyemun is the second gate of the three gate system and entrance to the oejo (외조; 外朝; the outermost and most public-facing part of Joseon palaces[1]).[2] It was originally called Jeongmun (정문; 正門; Chŏngmun),[3] and was named Hongnyemun (홍례문; 弘禮門) in 1426.[4][5][6] After it was reconstructed, it received its current name.[7] The name change was to avoid using an identical Hanja character as was used in the birth name of the Chinese Qianlong Emperor.[8] It was demolished in July 1914 for the Chōsen Industrial Exhibition.[9][10] In its place was built the temporary Exhibition Building No. 1, which was completed by 1915.[11] In 1916, the Government-General of Chōsen Building began to be built in its place. After that building was demolished, Heungnyemun was reconstructed between September 11, 1997 to October 26, 2001.[12]
References
- ^ Cultural Heritage Administration 2009, pp. 67–68.
- ^ 서정남 2007, p. 154.
- ^ Cultural Heritage Administration 2009, p. 107.
- ^ 이강근 2007, p. 37.
- ^ 김웅호 2022a, p. 109.
- ^ Cultural Heritage Administration 2009, p. 97.
- ^ Cultural Heritage Administration 2009, p. 105.
- ^ Seoul Historiography Institute 2022b, p. 273.
- ^ Cultural Heritage Administration 2020, p. 272.
- ^ Park & Woo 2007, p. 134.
- ^ Seoul Historiography Institute 2022b, pp. 277–278.
- ^ Choi 2010, pp. 200–201.
Sources
- 경복궁 2차: 복원기본계획 조정용역 [Gyeongbokgung No. 2: Basic Restoration Plan] (in Korean). Cultural Heritage Administration Royal Palaces and Tombs Center. December 2020.
- 경복궁 변천사 (上) [History of Gyeongbokgung's Changes (Vol. 1)] (in Korean). Cultural Heritage Administration. August 2007.
- 이강근. "창건이후의 변천과정 고찰". In Cultural Heritage Administration (2007).
- 서정남. "경복궁 궁장 변천과정 및 지형분석". In Cultural Heritage Administration (2007).
- 이미지로 읽는 근대 서울 [Reading Modern Seoul Through Images] (in Korean). Vol. 1. 궁궐의 훼철과 박람회. Seoul Historiography Institute. October 30, 2022. ISBN 9791160711462.
- 조선시대 궁궐 용어해설 [Glossary of Joseon-era Palaces] (in Korean). Cultural Heritage Administration. 2009-12-07. ISBN 978-89-6325-247-6.
- 서울 역사 답사기 6: 종묘사직, 궁궐, 성균관 [A Survey of Seoul's History Vol. 6: Jongmyo Shrine, Palaces, and Sungkyunkwan] (in Korean). Seoul: Seoul Historiography Institute. 2022-11-14. ISBN 979-11-6071-148-6.
- 김웅호. "조선왕조를 대표하는 공간". In Seoul Historiography Institute (2022a).
- Choi, Jong‐Deok (2010-04-01). "The palace, the city and the past: controversies surrounding the rebuilding of the Gyeongbok Palace in Seoul, 1990–2010". Planning Perspectives. 25 (2): 193–213. doi:10.1080/02665431003613014. ISSN 0266-5433.
- Park, Sung-Jin; Woo, Don-Son (May 2007). 일제강점기 경복궁 전각의 훼철과 이건 [The Disposal and Removal of the Gyeongbokgung Palace's Buildings during the Japanese Ruling Era]. 대한건축학회 논문집 - 계획계 (in Korean). 23 (5): 133–140. ISSN 1226-9093 – via DBpia.
External links
- Media related to Heungnyemun at Wikimedia Commons