H. S. Cunningham

Sir Henry Stewart Cunningham
H. S. Cunningham, 1877 drawing
Advocate-General of Madras Presidency
In office
1872–1877
Preceded byJohn D. Mayne
Succeeded byPatrick O'Sullivan
Personal details
Born30 June 1832
Harrow, London
Died3 September 1920 (aged 88)
London, England
Children1
Alma materHarrow,
Trinity College, Oxford
Occupationlawyer
ProfessionAdvocate-General

Sir Henry Stewart Cunningham KCIE (30 June 1832 – 3 September 1920) was a British lawyer and writer who served as the Advocate-General of Madras Presidency from 1872 to 1877.[1][2]

Early life and education

He was born in 1832 to Rev. John William Cunningham, and his second wife Mary Calvert, the third child of the marriage.[3] His father was vicar of Harrow; he was caricatured in the novel The Vicar of Wrexhill by Frances Trollope, one of his parishioners.[4] His mother was a daughter of Harry Calvert, and wished him to go into the Church of England.[3]

Brought up in an evangelical vicarage, Cunningham was first sent to the school of the Rev. George Renaud at Bayford House. He was then educated from 1845 at Harrow School, and matriculated in 1851 at Trinity College, Oxford, graduating B.A. in 1856 and M.A. in 1860. He was called to the bar in 1859 at the Inner Temple.[3][5]

Career

Cunningham practised in the United Kingdom and in British India and rose to become Advocate-General of the Madras Presidency in 1872. In 1877, he was appointed judge of the Calcutta High Court and served from 1877 to 1887. In 1878, he was appointed member of the Indian Famine Commission to look into the causes of the Great Famine of 1876–78.

Death

He was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire on 1 January 1889.[6] Cunningham died in 1920.

Works

  • Wheat and Tares (1861).[7] Partly a roman à clef about the evangelical lifestyle, it was noted as containing portrayals of Cunningham's uncle the Rev. Francis Cunningham (1785–1863), and his wife Richenda Gurney.[3] Anonymous.[8] It was first published in Fraser's Magazine.[9]
  • Late Laurels (1864, 2 vols.), novel.[10] Anonymous, "By the author of Wheat and Tares".[11] First published in Fraser's Magazine from 1863.[12]
  • The Chronicles of Dustypore, a Tale of Modern Anglo-Indian Society (1875, 2 vols.)[13][14] This novel and The Coeruleans: a Vacation Idyll (1887) describe the European society of the British Raj.[3] Anonymous.[15]
  • The Heriots (1890).[16] A fashionable novel of British society.[3]
  • Earl Canning (1891).[17] Biography of Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning.

Family

Cunningham, on furlough in the United Kingdom, married in 1877 Harriett Emily Lawrence, second daughter of John Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence. They had a son and a daughter.[3]

  • Lawrence Henry Cunningham (1878–1909), married in 1905 Alice Maude Cooper, daughter of Charles Cooper of Armadale, Auckland, New Zealand.[18][19]
  • Mary Hermione (1887–1945), married in 1927 Sir Herbert Stephen, 2nd Baronet (1857–1932).[3][20] Stephen's mother Mary Richenda Cunningham was a sister of Henry Stewart Cunningham, a daughter of John William Cunningham by his second wife, making this a first cousin marriage.[21][22]

References

  1. ^ Buckland, C. E. (1906). Dictionary of Indian Biography. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co. pp. 81.
  2. ^ "Obituary: Death of Sir Henry Cunningham. The Chronicler of "Dustypore"". The Times.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Jay, Elisabeth. "Cunningham, Sir Henry Stewart (1832–1920)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/47627. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  4. ^ Munden, A. F. "Cunningham, John William (1780–1861)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/6927. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  5. ^ Foster, Joseph (1888–1891). "Cunningham, Henry Stewart" . Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715–1886. Oxford: James Parker – via Wikisource.
  6. ^ Great Britain. India Office The India List and India Office List for 1905, p. 145, at Google Books
  7. ^ Cunningham, Henry Stewart (1861). Wheat and Tares. London: Saunders, Otley & Co.
  8. ^ Halkett, Samuel; Laing, John (1888). Dictionary of Anonymous and Pseudonymous Literature of Great Britain: Including the Works of Foreigners Written In, Or Translated Into the English Language. Vol. IV. W. Paterson. p. 2805/6.
  9. ^ British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books: Edited 1881-1889 by R. Garnett; 1890-1900 and Supplement by A. W. K. Miller. 393 Pt. Späterer Titel: British Museum. Catalogue of Printed Books. Vol. 92. Dr. v. Will. Clowes & Sons. 1884. p. 127.
  10. ^ Cunningham, Henry Stewart (1864). Late Laurels. London: Longman, Green, Longman, Robert & Green.
  11. ^ Halkett, Samuel (1971). Dictionary of Anonymous and Pseudonymous English Literature. Vol. IV. Ardent Media. p. 239.
  12. ^ Houghton, Walter E. (24 May 2013). The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824-1900. Routledge. p. 457. ISBN 978-1-135-79550-4.
  13. ^ Cunningham, Henry Stewart (1875). The Chronicles of Dustypore, a Tale of Modern Anglo-Indian Society. Vol. 1. London: Smith, Elder and Co.
  14. ^ Cunningham, Henry Stewart (1875). The Chronicles of Dustypore, a Tale of Modern Anglo-Indian Society. Vol. 2. London: Smith, Elder and Co.
  15. ^ Halkett, Samuel; Laing, John (1882). A Dictionary of the Anonymous and Pseudonymous Literature of Great Britain (etc.). Paterson. p. 391.
  16. ^ Cunningham, Henry Stewart (1890). The Heriots. Macmillan & Co.
  17. ^ Cunningham, Henry Stewart (1891). Earl Canning. Rulers of India series.
  18. ^ Lodge, Edmund (1912). Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage & Companionage of the British Empire for 1912: With which is Incorporated Foster's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. With the Arms of the Peers and Baronets. 81st Ed. Kelly's Directories. p. 2103.
  19. ^ Verney, Lady Margaret Maria Williams-Hay (1923). Sir Henry Stewart Cunningham, K.C.I.E. John Murray. p. 126.
  20. ^ Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage (99th ed.). London: Burke’s Peerage Ltd. and Shaw Publishing. 1949. p. 1900.
  21. ^ Stephen, Leslie (1895). The Life of Sir James Fitzjames Stephen: Bart, K. C. S. I., a Judge of the High Court of Justice. Smith, Elder & Company. p. 129.
  22. ^ Tolley, Christopher (1997). Domestic Biography: The Legacy of Evangelicalism in Four Nineteenth-century Families. Clarendon Press. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-19-820651-4.

Further reading

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