Garrebourg
Garrebourg | |
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A general view of Garrebourg | |
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Coat of arms | |
Location of Garrebourg | |
Garrebourg Garrebourg | |
| Coordinates: 48°42′43″N 7°14′02″E / 48.7119°N 7.2339°E | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Moselle |
| Arrondissement | Sarrebourg-Château-Salins |
| Canton | Phalsbourg |
| Intercommunality | CC du Pays de Phalsbourg |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Christian Fries[1] |
Area 1 | 8.34 km2 (3.22 sq mi) |
| Population (2022)[2] | 486 |
| • Density | 58/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 57244 /57820 |
| Elevation | 215–491 m (705–1,611 ft) (avg. 390 m or 1,280 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Garrebourg (French pronunciation: [ɡaʁbuʁ]; German: Garburg) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est, north-eastern France.
Toponymy
Throughout history, the name of the village has been written in different ways and many historians disagree about its origin.
In a German document, Ernst Herr,[3] it is written that Garebergh, on the edge of the Marche de Marmoutier, existed as early as the beginning of the ninth century.
In the Toponymie générale de la France, it is noted that Garebeurc was already mentioned in the tenth century and became Garburg in 1576,[4] then Garbourg and Garburg in 1719. The text states that the name Garrebourg comes from the Germanic Garo (a man's proper name) and Burg (mountain, fortified place).
According to Sigrist, the village is mentioned in twelfth-century charters under the name Bareberch, a village on the mount of Borra which, by corruption, became the modern Garberg or Garbourg.[5] Curiously, the word Borra was also used in ancient documents to refer to the Upper Barr.
According to Langethal, the name evolved into Bareberg, Barberch and then Garberch.[6]
Finally, according to Guy Kremer, the Burgi were Lower Roman fortresses that commanded the passages through the northern Vosges, and Garre comes from Guaita, a Germanic military term that evolved into Warte (observatory) and garde in French. ‘Garrebourg’ would therefore mean “observatory fort”, which might make sense given the place known as Schlossberg, a mound overlooking the Zorn valley.[7]
Nicknames of the inhabitants
Former nicknames for the inhabitants where "les Mounis", "Die Mounie" (‘the bulls’) and "D'Garburger Munnizieher" (‘those who hoist the bull’).[8]
History
Garrebourg has a very ancient history, having been inhabited since the Neolithic period.[9]
Antiquity
Gallo-Roman remains at Kreuzkopf, Tiergarten, Schladen, Kessel, Langenbust and Wintersberg attest to the presence of humans in the actual region of Garrebourg from the early Christian era. According to François Pétry, these villages were created by the settlement of Mediomatrici populations.[10]
Middle Ages
In the 12th century, Count Pierre of Lutzelbourg, baron of the Marmoutier estate, which he was responsible for defending, appropriated the forest of the neighbouring village of Hultehouse. Réginald, Pierre's son, returned the stolen property to the Marmoutier's abbey during Cardinal Théodovin's visit to Garrebourg.[11]
See also
References
- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
- ^ "Populations de référence 2022" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 19 December 2024.
- ^ Herr Ernst, ‘Die Schenkung der Mark Maursmünster’, Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins, vol. 21, 1906, p. 568
- ^ Nègre, Ernest (1996). Toponymie générale de la France, Volume 2 [General toponymy of France, Volume 2] (in French). Geneva: Librairie Droz. p. 805. ISBN 978-2-600-00133-5.
- ^ Sigrist Félix, ‘Histoire de l'abbaye de Marmoutier’, Revue Catholique d’Alsace, 1882.
- ^ Langethal, Christian Eduard (1847). Geschichte der teutschen Landwirthschaft, Vol. 1 [History of German Agriculture, Vol. 1] (in German). p. 220.
- ^ Kremer Guy (1988). Les domaines de l’abbaye de Marmoutier et en particulier ceux de la région de Garrebourg, Mémoire de maìtrise, Strasbourg
- ^ Cercle Die Furbacher, Histoire locale de Forbach, no 62, 2008.
- ^ Émile Linckenheld (1929). Répertoire archéologique de l'arrondissement de Sarrebourg, Monographie éditée par F. Sausy, imprimeur
- ^ François Pétry (1979). « Une population marginale face à la civilisation gallo-romaine dans l’Est de la Gaule aux Ier et IIe siècles », in Bulletin des Antiquités Luxembourgeoises
- ^ Sigrist Félix, ‘Histoire de l'abbaye de Marmoutier’, Revue Catholique d’Alsace, 1882, page 580
External links
- Media related to Garrebourg at Wikimedia Commons