Gallopheasant
| Gallopheasants | |
|---|---|
| Lophura swinhoii - Swinhoe pheasant | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Galliformes |
| Family: | Phasianidae |
| Tribe: | Phasianini |
| Genus: | Fleming, 1822 |
| Type species | |
| Phasianus ignitus Shaw, 1797
| |
The gallopheasants (genus Lophura) are pheasants of the family Phasianidae.[1] The genus comprises 11 species and several subspecies. Several species in this genus are known as firebacks, including crestless and crested firebacks, as well as the Siamese fireback.
Taxonomy
The genus Lophura was introduced in 1822 by the Scottish naturalist John Fleming to accommodate a single species, the Bornean crested fireback (Phasianus ignitus Shaw, 1798) which is therefore considered to be the type species by monotypy.[2][3] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek λοφος/lophos meaning "crest" with ουρα/oura meaning "tail".[4]
Species
The genus contains the following 11 species:[5]
| Image | Name | Common name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lophura edwardsi | Edwards's pheasant | Vietnam | |
| Lophura swinhoii | Swinhoe's pheasant | Taiwan | |
| Lophura bulweri | Bulwer's pheasant | Borneo | |
| Lophura leucomelanos | kalij pheasant | Pakistan to western Thailand | |
| Lophura nycthemera | silver pheasant | mainland Southeast Asia, and eastern and southern China | |
| Lophura erythrophthalma | Malayan crestless fireback | Malay peninsula and Sumatra | |
| Lophura pyronota | Bornean crestless fireback | northern Borneo | |
| Lophura rufa | Malayan crested fireback | Thai-Malay Peninsula and Sumatra | |
| Lophura ignita | Bornean crested fireback | Borneo | |
| Lophura diardi | Siamese fireback | Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam in Southeast Asia | |
| Lophura inornata | Salvadori's pheasant | Sumatra |
The Vietnamese pheasant Lophura hatinhensis, formerly considered valid, has now been shown to be a variant of Edward's pheasant caused by inbreeding due to small population size.[6]
The Imperial pheasant (Lophura × imperialis) is now known to be a hybrid between Edwards's pheasant (Lophura edwardsi) and a subspecies of silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera annamensis).[7]
References
- ^ "Lophura Fleming, 1822". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ^ Fleming, John (1822). The philosophy of zoology, or, A general view of the structure, functions, and classification of animals. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: Hurst, Robinson & Co. p. 230.
- ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1934). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 117.
- ^ Jobling, James A. "Lophura". The Key to Scientific Names. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 15 February 2025.
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Pheasants, partridges, francolins". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 15 February 2025.
- ^ Hennache, A; Mahood, SP; Eames, JC; Randi, E (2012). "Lophura hatinhensis is an invalid taxon". Forktail. 28: 129–135.
- ^ Hennache, A; Rasmussen, P; Lucchini, V; Rimondi, S; Randi, E (2003). "Hybrid origin of the imperial pheasant Lophura imperialis (Delacour and Jabouille, 1924) demonstrated by morphology, hybrid experiments, and DNA analyses". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 80 (4): 573–600. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2003.00251.x.