Güljamal
Güljamal | |
|---|---|
Güljamal (center) in 1887 | |
| Born | 1836 |
| Died | 1919 (aged 82–83) |
| Spouse(s) | Nurberdy |
Güljamal Khanum (1836 – 1919) was a Teke tribal leader. She was the last independent Turkmen leader.[1]
The identity of Güljamal's first husband is unknown.[2] The widowed Güljamal became the third wife of Nurberdy Khan, a Teke leader of the tribes around Akhal and Merv. She became a trusted advisor to her husband, a leader of the resistance to Russia's military incursion. Upon his death in April 1880, she assumed tribal leadership.[3] She was a source of intelligence to the British Secret Service concerning Russian troop movements and activities in Afghanistan.[4]
In 1884, she organized a gengesh which brought an end to conflict with Russia and accepted Russian control of Turkmen tribal lands.[3][5][6]
She had a son with Nurberdy, Yusuf Khan. She was stepmother to Nurberdy's two sons, one of whom was Makhtum Quli Khan Nur-Berdy-Khanov.[6]
References
- ^ Ember, Melvin; Ember, Carol R. (2001). Countries and their cultures, Volume 4, Saint Kitts and Nevis to Zimbabwe, Index. New York: Macmillan Reference USA. ISBN 978-0-02-864950-4 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Гюльджамал – Принцесса Мерва - Новости Узбекистана сегодня: nuz.uz" (in Russian). 2022-01-14. Retrieved 2025-03-25.
- ^ a b Abazov, Rafis (2005). Historical dictionary of Turkmenistan. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5362-1 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Morris, L. P. (1984). "British Secret Service Activity in Khorassan, 1887-1908". The Historical Journal. 27 (3): 657–675. ISSN 0018-246X.
- ^ Women and war : a historical encyclopedia from antiquity to the present. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. 2006. ISBN 978-1-85109-770-8 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b "Political and Humanistic Role of Guljamal Khan during and after the Annexation of Merv to Russia" (PDF). Bylye Gody. 19 (1). 2024-03-05. doi:10.13187/bg.2024.1.302.