Friedrich, 1st Prince of Salm-Horstmar

Friedrich
Prince of Salm-Horstmar
Reign1816–1866
PredecessorInaugural
SuccessorOtto II
Born(1799-03-11)11 March 1799
Died27 March 1866(1866-03-27) (aged 67)
Varlar Castle, Kingdom of Prussia
Spouse
Countess Elisabeth zu Solms-Rödelheim-Assenheim
​
​
(m. 1826; died 1866)​
IssuePrincess Mathilde
Princess Emma
Prince Karl
Otto, 2nd Prince of Salm-Horstmar
Prince Eduard
Names
Wilhelm Friedrich Karl August zu Salm-Horstmar
HouseSalm-Horstmar
FatherCount Karl Ludwig zu Salm-Grumbach
MotherCountess Wilhelmine Friederike zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein

Wilhelm Friedrich Karl August, Fürst zu Salm-Horstmar[a] (until 1816 Rheingraf zu Salm-Grumbach; 11 March 1799 – 27 March 1866) was a German nobleman and politician.

Early life

Friedrich was born on 11 March 1799 into the Grumbach line of the Salm family, which belonged to the high nobility. He was the son of Wild- and Rhinegrave Karl Ludwig zu Salm-Grumbach und Dhaun (1729–1799), and Countess Wilhelmine Friederike zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein (1767–1849).[1]

Just a few months after his birth, Friedrich inherited the possessions of the House of Salm-Grumbach, which were on the left bank of the Rhine and became French in 1802. The House of Salm-Grumbach was compensated with territories of the Bishopric of Münster around Coesfeld, which as the County of Horstmar were sovereign territory under the direct rule of the Empire until 1806. As he was still a minor, his uncle, Wilhelm Christian von Salm-Grumbach, and mother were his guardians and regent of the County of Horstmar.[2][3]

Career

The Wild- and Rhinegraves of Salm-Grumbach were Lords of the County of Horstmar, which was an independent Napoleonic County in far northern North Rhine-Westphalia (to the northeast of Münster), for several years between 1802 and 1806, which became part of the Grand Duchy of Berg in 1806 through the Act of Confederation of the Rhine. After the annexation of Grumbach and other territories west of the Rhine by the French which was incorporated into the Department of Lippe between 1811 and 1813, and a transitional administration by the General Government between the Weser and the Rhine, the remaining property was mediatised to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1813 by the Congress of Vienna; there the Counts of Salm-Grumbach were raised to the hereditary princely title on 22 November 1816 by King Frederick William III and from then on called themselves Salm-Horstmar.[4]

In 1836 he was made an honorary citizen of Coesfeld. As a nobleman, Friedrich zu Salm-Horstmar had a seat in the Westphalian Provincial Diet, in 1847/48 in the First United Parliament (Erster Vereinigter Landtag) and Second United Diet (Zweiter Vereinigter Landtag) and, since 1854, a hereditary seat in the Prussian House of Lords, to which he belonged until his death in 1866.[5]

Scientific career

The Prince of Salm-Horstman also worked on scientific topics and published the work Experiments and Results on Plant Nutrition (Versuche und Resultate über die Nahrung der Pflanzen) in 1854.[6] In 1856 he became an honorary member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences and, in 1857, an honorary member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities.[1]

Personal life

In 1826, Countess Elisabeth Anna Caroline Julie Amalie zu Solms-Rödelheim-Assenheim (1806–1886), a daughter of Count Volrath zu Solms-Rödelheim und Assenheim and Countess Philippine Charlotte zu Solms-Laubach. Together, they were the parents of:[7]

Friedrich died at Varlar Castle on 27 March 1866.[10]

Descendants

Through his son Otto, he was posthumously a grandfather of Otto, 3rd Prince of Salm-Horstmar (1867–1941), who married Countess Rosa zu Solms-Baruth (a daughter of Friedrich von Solms-Baruth, 2nd Prince of Solms-Baruth).[5][8]

References

Notes

  1. ^ Regarding personal names: Fürst is a title, translated as 'Prince', not a first or middle name. The feminine form is Fürstin.

Sources

  1. ^ a b Karl Ernst Hermann Krause (1890). "Salm-Horstmar, Friedrich Fürst und Rheingraf zu". Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. 30. Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. p. 255.
  2. ^ Hermann Krüger (Hrsg.): Chronik des preußischen Herrenhauses. Ein Gedenkbuch zur Erinnerung an das dreißigjährige Bestehen des Herrenhauses. Berlin 1885, S. 35. Friedrich, 1st Prince of Salm-Horstmar is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive
  3. ^ Justus Perthes (Hrsg.): Gothaischer Genealogischer Hofkalender. 1848, S. 201.
  4. ^ "Princes of the Holy Roman Empire".
  5. ^ a b Vierhaus, Rudolf (2005). Deutsche biographische Enzyklopädie: (DBE) (in German). Walter de Gruyter. p. 681. ISBN 978-3-598-25038-5. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
  6. ^ The Chemist: A Monthly Journal of Chemical Philosophy. 1850. p. 24. Retrieved 25 June 2025.
  7. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2007). Historisches Lexikon der Deutschen Länder: die deutschen Territorien vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart (in German). C.H.Beck. p. 605. ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1. Retrieved 25 June 2025.
  8. ^ a b Gothaischer genealogischer Hofkalender nebst diplomatisch-statistichem Jahrbuch (in German). J. Perthes. 1892. p. 185. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
  9. ^ Europäische Stammtafeln, Band I, Frank Baron Freytag von Loringhoven, 1975, Isenburg, W. K. Prinz von, Reference: p. 148.
  10. ^ "Salm-Horstmar, Otto Fürst zu, Dr". www.historische-kommission.lwl.org (in German). Historischen Kommission für Westfalen. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
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