French ship Orion (1813)
Scale model of Achille, sister ship of French ship Orion (1813), on display at the Musée national de la Marine in Paris.
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
| France | |
| Name | Orion |
| Namesake | Orion. |
| Builder | Brest |
| Laid down | 18 May 1810 |
| Launched | 9 October 1813 |
| Commissioned | 22 November 1813 |
| Decommissioned | 1841 |
| Fate | Broken up, 1841 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type | Téméraire-class ship of the line |
| Displacement | 3,069 tonneaux |
| Tons burthen | 1,537 port tonneaux |
| Length | 55.87 m (183 ft 4 in) |
| Beam | 14.46 m (47 ft 5 in) |
| Draught | 7.15 m (23.5 ft) |
| Depth of hold | 7.15 m (23 ft 5 in) |
| Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
| Crew | 705 |
| Armament |
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Orion was a 4th rank, 74-gun Téméraire-class ship of the line built for the French Navy during the 1810s. Completed in 1814, she became a training ship in 1827 and was broken up for scrap in 1841.
Description
Designed by Jacques-Noël Sané, the Téméraire-class ships had an length of 55.87 metres (183 ft 4 in), a beam of 14.46 metres (47 ft 5 in) and a depth of hold of 7.15 metres (23 ft 5 in). The ships displaced 3,069 tonneaux and had a mean draught of 7.15 metres (23 ft 5 in). They had a tonnage of 1,537 port tonneaux. Their crew numbered 705 officers and ratings during wartime. They were fitted with three masts and ship rigged.[1]
The muzzle-loading, smoothbore armament of the Téméraire class consisted of twenty-eight 36-pounder long guns on the lower gun deck and thirty 18-pounder long guns on the upper gun deck. After about 1807, the armament on the quarterdeck and forecastle varied widely between ships with differing numbers of 8-pounder long guns and 36-pounder carronades. The total number of guns varied between sixteen and twenty-eight. The 36-pounder obusiers formerly mounted on the poop deck (dunette) in older ships were removed as obsolete.[2]
Construction and career
Orion was laid down on 18 May 1810 at the Arsenal de Brest and launched on 9 October 1813.[3] The ship was commissioned on 22 November 1813 by Captain Jean-Baptiste Billard[4] and completed in February 1814. Orion was chosen as a school ship for naval cadets of the École navale in Brest on 7 May 1827.[3] She was replaced by Borda in 1840, and struck in 1841.[5]
Citations
References
- Quintin, Danielle; Quintin, Bernard (2003). Dictionnaire des capitaines de Vaisseau de Napoléon (in French). S.P.M. p. 67. ISBN 2-901952-42-9.
- Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours [Dictionary of French Warships from Colbert to Today]. Vol. 1: 1671-1870. Roche. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.
- Winfield, Rif and Roberts, Stephen S. (2015) French Warships in the Age of Sail 1786-1861: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-204-2