Four Noes
Four Noes (Chinese: 四个“不是”)[1] is a political term put forth by Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, at a symposium on philosophy and social sciences on May 17, 2016. They are: "The great social transformation in contemporary China is not a simple continuation of the master version of our country’s history and culture, nor is it a simple application of the template envisioned by classical Marxist writers, nor is it a reprint of the socialist practices of other countries, nor is it a copy of foreign modernization development."[2][3]
History
On February 4, 2016, Xi Jinping stated that the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is "neither 'traditional', nor 'foreign', nor 'Westernized', but rather 'original' and the right path for mankind."[4]
On May 17, 2016, Xi Jinping said in his speech at the Symposium on Philosophy and Social Sciences:[5]
The great social changes in contemporary China are not a simple continuation of the master version of our country's history and culture, not a simple application of the template envisioned by the classical Marxist writers, not a reprint of the socialist practices of other countries, nor a copy of foreign modernization development. It is impossible to find a ready-made textbook.
On May 4, 2018, Xi Jinping said in his speech at the conference commemorating the 200th anniversary of Karl Marx’s birth:[5]
The great social changes in contemporary China are not a simple continuation of the master version of our country's history and culture, not a simple application of the template envisioned by the classical Marxist writers, not a reprint of the socialist practices of other countries, nor a copy of foreign modernization development.
Interpretation
Lin Jianhua, deputy director of the Academy of Marxism at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that China’s social transformation is not a “reprint” or “copy” but an “original” one.[6] Ouyang Song, former director of the Central Party History Research Office, believes that this is a "new leap forward in the sinicization of Marxism" and an important part of Xi Jinping Thought.[7]
References
- ^ "领悟习近平总书记思想足迹的体会和方法". 中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会 (in Chinese). 2023-01-17. Archived from the original on 2025-03-04. Retrieved 2025-03-04.
- ^ "习近平十个妙喻说治国理政". Qiushi (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-01-26. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
- ^ ""中国变革"不是简单的再版或翻版——人民政协网". Archived from the original on 2023-01-26. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
- ^ "习近平：中国特色社会主义道路既不是传统的，也不是外来的，更不是西化的". Guancha (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-01-26. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
- ^ a b "（授权发布）习近平：在哲学社会科学工作座谈会上的讲话（全文）-新华网". Xinhua News Agency (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-02-23. Retrieved 2023-02-23.
- ^ "面向2035年，中国社会变革不是国外现代化的"翻版"-中新网". China News Service (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-01-26. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
- ^ "深刻认识马克思主义中国化新的飞跃 - 求是网". Qiushi (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-01-26. Retrieved 2023-01-26.